At present, each ranger is responsible for around 25,000 hectares, far above the ministry’s target ratio of one ranger per 2,500 hectares.

Rangers are civil servants tasked with patrolling protected areas, preventing illegal logging and encroachment, and enforcing conservation laws. 

Between January and October 2025, the ministry said it prosecuted 34 suspects in 21 illegal logging cases, raided 13 illegal mining sites and foiled 36 attempts to smuggle protected wildlife.

Wildlife poaching problem

Indonesia is widely described as a major hub for wildlife trafficking, reflecting its vast biodiversity. It is considered one of the world’s richest countries in terms of species diversity, making it both a source and a target for organised wildlife crime.

Interpol estimates the global illegal wildlife trade is worth about $20 billion , with Indonesia acting as a source, transit point and destination. Poachers operate on islands including Java, Sumatra and Borneo, capturing species ranging from birds and otters to critically endangered rhinos. 

Many of these animals are sold domestically, while others are trafficked across Asia through organised networks.

Recent court rulings have highlighted the scale of the threat. For instance, in 2025, Indonesian judges handed down prison terms of up to 12 years in a case linked to the killing of between 18 and 26 Javan rhinos over five years.

Despite the scale of the problem, the recruitment drive has drawn criticism. Some wildlife and environment researchers have argued that increasing ranger numbers alone will not address deeper structural issues.

Research indicates that 55.3 million hectares of forest and other land have been allocated to legal concessions, where oversight can be weak. Analysts say much forest degradation occurs within these licensed areas, raising questions over whether enforcement efforts will also target large-scale business operations.

The policy was formalised late last year through Circular Letter No. 6 of 2025, issued by the Ministry of Forestry’s Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation.

Facilities that fail to comply face the risk of having their operating permits revoked, according to the Bali Natural Resources Conservation Agency, which has been monitoring enforcement. 

Mason Elephant Park in Bali, one of the last venues still offering elephant rides, halted the activity on January 25 after receiving official warnings and has begun transitioning to alternative tourism activities.

World Animal Protection said the move marked a turning point for captive elephants in Indonesia. 

Suzanne Milthorpe, head of campaigns for World Animal Protection ANZ, described the move as a “world-leading step to safeguarding the dignity of wild animals."

She said the decision sent “a strong signal to the wider tourism industry that we're entering a new chapter of more responsible wildlife tourism,” adding that it represented “a wonderful win for elephants.”

Elephant riding, the group noted, is widely recognised by animal welfare experts as harmful, often involving painful training methods, restrictions on natural behaviour and long-term physical and psychological damage. 

Ending the practice, it added, removes the need for such treatment and allows elephants to spend more time socialising, grazing and bathing.

Milthorpe said the ban followed “years of tireless advocacy and on-the-ground engagement,” including support from more than 10,000 Indonesians, Australians and New Zealanders who signed the group’s petition calling on Mason Elephant Park to end elephant riding.

World Animal Protection said the directive aligns Indonesia with a growing global expectation that tourism should be responsible and humane, with wildlife encounters focused on education and conservation rather than direct contact.

The organisation said the decision would help travellers make clearer ethical choices and urged tourists to avoid venues that exploit animals. 

Although it welcomed the ban, the group said the move should form part of a broader regional push to end other forms of cruel wildlife entertainment , and called on governments and industry leaders elsewhere to follow Indonesia’s example.

At the heart of the industry is Butterfly Kingdom, a butterfly farm based in San José that combines exhibition with commercial breeding and exports. Among the dozens of species cultivated, the Blue Morpho stands out as the most sought-after, prized internationally for its large size and striking iridescent blue wings. Pupae raised across the country are collected and prepared there for shipment to destinations in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and beyond.

Butterfly farming has developed into a decentralised production chain that relies heavily on small-scale rural participation. Families raise different species on minimal plots of land, often little more than a backyard, before sending the pupae to the capital, where exporters manage inspections, documentation and international logistics. The low land and investment requirements make the activity an accessible source of steady income.

Costa Rica currently exports around 70 butterfly species, with the Blue Morpho leading the market. The model reflects the country’s long-standing focus on conservation-based entrepreneurship, transforming its rich ecosystems into sustainable economic opportunities while maintaining strong demand in global cultural and tourism institutions.

While city officials have urged residents to temporarily leave Kyiv if possible, zoo animals have no such option. Among them is Tony, a 51-year-old gorilla, one of the zoo’s most well-known residents.

“You can tell people to go to the countryside, but I can’t say that to Tony,” said zoo director Kyrylo Trantin. “He doesn’t have a grandmother in the countryside where he could stay.”

To keep Tony’s enclosure at a steady 20 degrees Celsius, staff feed firewood into a stove up to five times a day. Generators run constantly to provide heat to other animals, including horses, bison and an elephant.

Power cuts have also disrupted water supplies, but zoo workers have prepared for emergencies. Staff member Viktoriia Sluzhenko said the zoo maintains enough water reserves to operate independently for up to three days. The elephant alone requires about 150 litres of water each day.

“Every day is a battle for warmth and power,” Trantin said. Trantin, like many others are juggling the responsibility of caring for animals while also coping with the same hardships affecting the rest of the city.

At the centre of the phenomenon is a long-running community conservation effort. Volunteers gather daily at a designated feeding ground on the outskirts of the village, where grain is laid out to protect the birds from disturbance and village traffic.

The tradition dates back to the 1970s, when a small feeding practice gradually attracted more cranes each year. As participation grew, so did the numbers, with more than 30,000 birds recorded by 2014. Arriving as early as August and staying until March, the cranes have turned Khichan into one of India’s most unusual and well-known seasonal wildlife havens.

“He became our emotional support director because everyone asks about him,” said Juan Sosa, Kaliman’s guardian and a council employee. “If I walk ahead, Kaliman follows me, and staff know I’m coming to work.” He is the first dog employed by the municipality and leads the ‘Huellitas Municipales’ programme, which now includes other rescued dogs and cats cared for by city offices.

Kaliman’s story has drawn attention as a symbol of compassion in urban animal welfare. Once timid and wary of humans, he gradually bonded with municipal staff, choosing Sosa as his companion.

Caring for such a large number of animals comes at a high cost. Sutrisno says the shelter consumes about 100 kilograms of rice a day, along with large quantities of chicken, to ensure the animals are fed. Managing these daily needs has become one of her biggest challenges.

To keep the shelter running, Sutrisno relies on selling crackers and receiving donations, adjusting her work to ensure food supplies do not run out. Indonesia continues to face widespread issues with stray animals, particularly in areas with limited access to veterinary care, though measures such as bans on the dog and cat meat trade and Trap-Neuter-Release programmes have been introduced in some regions.

Egypt’s Giza Zoo and Orman Botanical Garden are undergoing their most ambitious transformation in decades, with 118 new animal species being introduced as part of a sweeping biodiversity expansion plan. Mohammed Kamel, Chairman of Hadayek Company, said the newly integrated zoo-garden ecosystem, spanning 114 acres, will feature four lions, three tigers, and 362 newly imported animals, all housed in redesigned open habitats aligned with international standards. Kamel emphasized that the project preserves the zoo’s historic character while elevating it to a regional and global recreational and educational landmark, noting that an African Union delegation has confirmed the development plan’s compliance with international best practices.  

180 appeals over parliamentary election results

Egypt’s Supreme Administrative Court has now received 180 appeals contesting the results of the first round of the second phase of parliamentary elections. Appeals have been filed across ten governorates, including Cairo, Dakahlia, Sharqia, Gharbia, North Sinai, and Menoufia. The court’s First Circuit will begin examining each appeal ahead of its December 7 hearing, with the law requiring decisions to be issued within 10 days of filing. The National Elections Authority will continue accepting appeals until December 4, extending work hours until 9 p.m. to meet constitutional deadlines. Losing candidates have 48 hours after results are announced to file objections.

Film controversy

A major cultural and religious backlash erupted after screenwriter Ahmed Mourad said during a Marrakech Film Festival seminar that making a film about the Prophet would be “easier” than making one about legendary singer Umm Kulthum. Prominent preacher Mazhar Shaheen blasted the comment as “recklessness and a lack of modesty towards the master of all creation,” insisting that the Prophet’s status should never be subject to comparison. Mourad’s script for the upcoming film “Al-Sit (The Lady)”, starring Mona Zaki as Umm Kulthum and directed by Marwan Hamed, has drawn intense attention . Mona Zaki reportedly arrives five hours early every shooting day to undergo extensive makeup transformations with a foreign crew.

Cairo governor wins Arab Government Excellence Award

Cairo Governor Dr. Ibrahim Saber has been named Best Governor in the Arab World at the Arab Government Excellence Award (2024 - 2025), the region’s highest recognition for administrative and governmental innovation. The award , presented under the patronage of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, honours exemplary governance practices across the Arab world. Saber received the honour from Ahmed Aboul Gheit, Secretary-General of the Arab League, during a ceremony attended by ministers, ambassadors, and governors. The program aims to modernise government institutions, promote innovation, and highlight successful public-sector models capable of driving future-ready governance.

Agriculture Ministry launches nationwide poultry biosecurity campaign

Egypt’s Ministry of Agriculture has launched a national awareness campaign targeting poultry farmers to strengthen biosecurity measures, especially during the winter season when respiratory and viral diseases are more prevalent. Over the past two weeks, veterinary teams conducted 610 field visits to farms and held 451 home-breeding seminars across governorates. Dr. Hamed Al-Aqnas, head of the General Authority for Veterinary Services, said the campaign trains breeders on proper disinfection procedures, controlling worker movement inside farms, preventing wild-bird entry, safe disposal of dead birds and waste and early identification of diseases requiring immediate reporting. He confirmed that the epidemiological situation is stable, with rapid-response teams on standby. The ministry plans to intensify outreach throughout high-density poultry regions during the winter.

The roster of namers included international icons and local celebrities . Among them were:

Michelle Yeoh Todt, award-winning actress and UNDP Goodwill Ambassador; Mathieu Flamini, former Arsenal footballer and climate entrepreneur; Khaby Lame, social media personality with global reach; Princess Ingeborg zu Schleswig-Holstein, philanthropist and artist; Yemi Alade, Nigerian Afropop singer-songwriter; Claver Ntoyinkima, senior ranger from Nyungwe National Park; Brenda Umutoni, ranger at Volcanoes National Park

Their chosen names included Izere (Hope), Rwandanziza (Beautiful Rwanda), Cyubahiro (Respect), Terimbere (Progress), and Cyerekezo (Vision).

Why celebrities?

According to Rwandan officials, inviting global figures to name gorillas is more than a publicity gesture. It sends the conservation message, drawing worldwide attention to Rwanda’s mountain gorillas, whose survival was once in jeopardy.

Prime Minister Dr. Justin Nsengiyumva, who officiated the event, called the tradition “an act of love and a public commitment to conservation.” By connecting gorillas with famous names, Rwanda leverages global influence to inspire broader awareness and funding for wildlife protection.

The ceremony is modelled on a centuries-old Rwandan tradition of naming children in the presence of family and community. Rangers and researchers first used the practice informally to track gorilla families before it was formalised into a public event in 2005.

A ranking by World Population Review (WPR) lists the nations with the largest proportion of vegetarians in 2025, revealing that India far outstrips any other country when it comes to meat‑free diets.

With 29.5 % of its population shunning meat, India tops WPR’s list by a wide margin. The ranking translates to roughly 276 million vegetarians across the country, far more than the total populations of most nations.

India’s vegetarianism is rooted in cultural and religious traditions, particularly among Hindus, Jains and Buddhists, for whom ahimsa (non‑violence) extends to animals. WPR notes that 9% of Indians (approximately 121 million people) also identify as vegan.

The second spot goes to Mexico, where 19% of residents, about 23.8 million people, are vegetarian. An equal share, 9%, identify as vegan, indicating a sizeable plant‑based movement. Brazil follows with 14% of its population, or roughly 29.3 million people, avoiding meat. The rise of vegetarianism in Latin America is often tied to health trends, environmental concerns and animal welfare campaigns.

Asia also features prominently. In Taiwan, 13.5% of people (about 3.3 million) are vegetarian. Israel boasts a similar rate of 13%, equating to more than one million vegetarians. Both nations have vibrant vegetarian and vegan communities, supported by accessible plant‑based cuisines and government or religious encouragement. Taiwan’s Buddhist traditions and Israel’s growing start‑up scene for meat alternatives help explain their high rankings.

The remainder of the top ten is dominated by countries in the Western Hemisphere and Europe, each with vegetarian populations in the low double digits. Australia ranks sixth with 12.1% of its residents, about 2.5 million people, following vegetarian diets. Close behind are Argentina and Sweden, both at 12%. In Argentina’s case, this represents 5.4 million people, a notable statistic given the country’s famed beef culture.

Northern Europe is represented by Finland, where 12% of the population (660,000 people) is vegetarian. Austria rounds out the top ten with 11% vegetarian, about 993,000 people, and 2% vegan.

World Population Review points out that there are many reasons people become vegetarians. Some choose meat‑free diets for health and dietary reasons, while others do so out of ethical or environmental concerns.

In some regions, vegetarianism is more a matter of necessity or tradition. Regardless of motivation, the data show that plant‑based eating is not limited to one part of the world; countries such as Vietnam, Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada also have significant vegetarian populations, even if they do not crack the top ten.

The reptile is seen wedged in the ceiling panels before it suddenly crashes to the floor, leaving staff and guests visibly startled. Workers then quickly secured the animal with ropes and carried it out of the room.

Komodo dragons, native to parts of southeastern Indonesia, are the world ’s largest lizards. While attacks on humans are rare, they can be dangerous due to their sharp teeth, powerful claws, and venomous bite.

Their venom prevents blood from clotting, which can lead to excessive bleeding and, in some cases, death without prompt medical attention.

“We found this little chimp tied to a tree...very malnourished, dehydrated,” Amarasekaran recalls of the encounter in Matotaka village. “They asked if we were interested. At that time, we didn’t even realise it was illegal or anything,” he told the AFP. Without intervention, the animal would likely have died. He brought it home. That chimp was the beginning of the Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary.

But what started as a spontaneous act of compassion quickly turned into a life-changing discovery. “That’s when we started to realise this is not an ordinary monkey. They have jealousy, love, they get angry... just like us,” he said. The human-like emotional depth of chimps drew Amarasekaran deeper into conservation work. He eventually quit his job, intending to set up the sanctuary for “one or two years.” “That never happened,” he says. Decades later, he’s still there.

Today, Tacugama is home to over 100 rescued chimps and is one of Sierra Leone’s most relevant conservation efforts. Yet Amarasekaran admits the sanctuary is treating symptoms, not causes. “We are rescuing chimps, but why are they being poached? Why are their homes disappearing?” he asks.

Habitat loss, illegal pet trade , and bushmeat hunting continue to threaten wild chimpanzees across West Africa. Amarasekaran’s long-term goal is not to grow the sanctuary, it’s to make it obsolete. “Our mission is to stop them coming to Tacugama,” he says. “The moment they are left alone and are a free-roaming population in our forests, that’s the day I can say we’ve done something good for conservation.”

The donkeys are mostly taken from northern Tanzania and smuggled through informal border routes stretching from Arusha to Tanga.

Livingstone Masija, Director of the Arusha Society for the Protection of Animals (ASPA), said the donkeys end up in Kenya where they are slaughtered and exported to Asia.

“Tanzania has banned the slaughter and consumption of donkeys, and the result is that people smuggle them out of the country into Kenya for export to Asian countries but especially China,” he said .

In China , the skins are boiled to make a substance called Ejiao, believed to have medicinal properties.

The high demand for the product has pushed up the price of donkeys around the world.

A 2020 report by the Donkey Sanctuary estimated that around 5 million donkey hides are needed every year to meet the demand.

Donkeys are essential to rural life in Tanzania.

They help farmers plough land, fetch water , and carry goods and people in areas where transport is limited.

But experts warn that with continued theft, overwork, and poor treatment, donkey populations are falling fast.

Tanzania used to have around 600,000 donkeys, but the number is dropping. Animal welfare groups say the country could lose all of them within the next decade.

Donkey slaughterhouses opened in Tanzania in 2014, but were later shut down following public pressure.

Since then, illegal trade networks have taken over, according to local activists.

The report, tabled on July 3 by Omar Darboe, Upper Niumi, a co-chair of the Environment Committee, warned that unregulated livestock migration is driving environmental destruction, fueling land conflicts, and straining rural communities, Foroyaa reports.

“Both forests and grasslands in Gambia are increasingly under pressure from transhumance-related activities, such as cutting tree branches, uncontrolled use of water, farmland encroachment, and damage to planted seedlings,” Darboe told the Assembly.

He described alarming scenes of thousands of animals crossing into Gambian territory, particularly along the northern border with Senegal, resulting in overgrazed pastures and the loss of young saplings critical to climate restoration. “There are no formal agreements on migratory routes between The Gambia and Senegal,” Darboe said, adding, “Although discussions were held with the previous Senegalese government , concrete frameworks are still lacking.”

While transhumance has historically supported food security and trade, Darboe noted it is now being “abused due to unregulated movement and socio-economic pressures.” He cited climate change , erratic rainfall, and dwindling grazing resources in northern Senegal as primary drivers pushing herders into Gambia.

Beyond environmental damage, the report highlighted the introduction of invasive plant species transported by livestock . A study by scientists Lalisa Daguma and Peter Minang was cited, warning that these weeds “replace valuable forage species, further threatening biodiversity and agricultural sustainability.”

Darboe also drew attention to rising farmer-herder disputes, disease transmission among livestock, and a surge in rustling and illegal tree cutting, often carried out under cover of night to avoid detection.

Rwanda is launching four initiatives to eradicate blood expiry by 2027, as reported by the Rwanda Biomedical Centre (RBC). These initiatives include using electric motorcycles for urban blood transport, establishing the Intwari Club 25 to mobilise youth donors, digitising blood services to streamline operations, and proactively matching blood collection with anticipated demand. The goal is to enhance the efficiency of the blood donation system while concurrently promoting healthier lifestyles to reduce transfusion needs.

Peace agreement between DRC and Rwanda

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda have reached a provisional peace agreement , aimed at resolving the ongoing conflict in eastern DRC, as reported by various news sources. This agreement, mediated by the United States and Qatar, includes disarming M23 fighters and other armed groups, while also permitting Western countries to exploit the mineral-rich region for significant investments, amidst accusations of Rwandan support for M23. 

Arrest of opposition leader Victoire Ingabire in Rwanda

Rwandan opposition leader Victoire Ingabire was arrested by the Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) for allegedly mobilising a group to incite public unrest, as indicated by the RIB's statement. Her arrest follows her appearance in a separate trial related to a conspiracy to overthrow the government. Ingabire, who previously served a prison sentence for forming an armed group, is now under investigation as part of a broader crackdown on opposition figures.

Strengthening military ties: Morocco and Rwanda's defence collaboration

Morocco and Rwanda have formalised their military cooperation with a new agreement focusing on training, technical assistance, and shared expertise, as affirmed by Moroccan Minister Abdeltif Loudyi during the Rwandan Defence Minister's visit. This collaboration is viewed as a strategic response to recent tensions with Algeria, reinforcing both nations' commitment to stability and security in the region.

Translocation of Southern White Rhinos to Rwanda's Akagera National Park

Seventy southern white rhinos have been successfully relocated from a controversial breeding facility in South Africa to Rwanda’s Akagera National Park, as reported by CNN. This significant operation , part of African Parks' Rhino Rewild initiative, entailed thorough planning and execution, aiming to establish a genetically viable population and combat poaching challenges amidst dwindling rhino numbers in Africa.

The cull comes months after the country killed more than 200 elephants in 2024 and gave the meat to struggling communities hit by drought.

The plan was announced by Zimbabwe’s Parks and Wildlife Authority, which granted permits to Save Valley Conservancy, a private game reserve in the southeast.

Officials say the area now has over 2,500 elephants, but the land can only support around 800. Too many elephants, according to them, means damaged land, less water , and more competition with people.

Zimbabwe is still recovering from a severe drought caused by El Niño in 2024, which left crops failing and water sources drying up.

The government declared a national disaster in April after more than half of the rural population was found to be short on food. Officials say elephant meat offers one way to support hungry families, while ivory from the animals will be kept by the state.

Authorities say although relocation is preferred, it costs too much and takes time.

So far, over 200 elephants have been killed in the past five years. With money tight and food shortages growing, the government believes culling is the quickest option.

Meanwhile, animal rights groups the World Animal Protection Agency says the country is using a crisis to excuse the killing of wildlife, calling for long-term solutions that protect both people and animals.

Zimbabwe has the second-largest elephant population in the world after Botswana

After 13 long years of trying to mate Susi, the 15-year-old mother orangutan, Kasang Kulim conservation centre saw the birth of Ade on May 2 after a 10-month-long pregnancy.

"Thank God, after about 13 years here, we tried to mate the orangutan mother, and it managed to get pregnant. The pregnancy was 10 months long until the baby was born on May 2," Agustina, the manager of the Kasang Kulim conservation centre, told AFP.

Over 75% of the world ’s orangutan population resides in the forests of Indonesian Borneo.

Orangutans are particularly vulnerable to hunters due to their large size and slow movements. They are often killed for meat or in retaliation when they encroach on farmland and damage crops — a behaviour that typically arises when food becomes scarce in their natural forest habitat.

They are especially vulnerable due to their very low reproductive rate. Females typically give birth to a single infant only once every 3 to 5 years, making population recovery from declines a slow process.

The zoo is being developed in the Rangsit wetlands area, just north of Bangkok.

It will feature open, natural-style enclosures that allow animals to live in conditions closer to their wild habitats.

Visitors will also be able to see animals in a more natural setting, with fewer fences or barriers blocking their view.

Officials say the project is more than just a place to see animals.

It is being built as a space for people of all ages to learn about the environment, nature, and conservation.

The zoo will include modern facilities, digital ticketing systems, and a secure data centre to manage its operations.

The site visit on 14 May was led by Environment Minister Chalermchai Sri-on, who described the project as a future tourism and education hub.

The government approved the plan in 2022 with a total budget of nearly 11 billion baht ($300.55 million).

Construction is happening in two phases. The first phase began in 2023, and the second will start in 2026. The zoo is also expected to open to the public by 2029.

The design draws from the nearby floodplain landscape and follows the theme of “people, animals, and nature living in harmony.”

The project also supports Thailand’s “Green Zoo” concept, which focuses on reducing the environmental impact of zoo operations.

Officials believe the zoo will help boost local tourism, bring new income to communities, and encourage young people to care more about nature.

Egypt has significantly boosted its potato exports to Russia in the first quarter of 2025, sending 274,500 tonnes, a dramatic increase from 59,300 tonnes in 2024. Russia overall imported 432,200 tonnes of potatoes, nearly four times the previous year's volume. Additionally, Egypt exported 13,000 tonnes of onions to Russia, showing a notable increase from 7,600 tonnes in 2024. This export surge follows discussions led by Sergey Dankvert of Rosselkhoznadzor and Egyptian officials regarding mutual agricultural trade, amidst a backdrop of rising potato prices in Russia.

Decline of Egypt's donkey population raises health concerns

Egypt's donkey population has plummeted from 3 million in the 1990s to below 1 million, prompting public health concerns as reports of illegal slaughter for meat emerge. Hussein Abu Saddam of the Farmers’ Union highlighted the issues in a recent interview, citing modernisation and high maintenance costs as key factors driving the decline, along with a booming black market for donkey hides. Egypt Today reports that despite donkey meat's prohibition, it reportedly ends up in restaurants, sparking fears among consumers regarding food safety and animal welfare. 

Egyptian cinema shines at Cannes Film Festival

At the 78th Cannes Film Festival, Egyptian cinema garnered attention with the screening of 'Aisha Can't Fly Away,' by Morad Mostafa, featured in the prestigious Un Certain Regard section. The film offers a poignant examination of refugee life in East Cairo and showcases notable performances, Dawn reports. Alongside prominent Arab figures in attendance, Egypt also reinstated its Al-Mahrousa Pavilion to promote the national film industry and foster global networking opportunities.

Egypt sentences prominent dissident to six months in prison

Egypt has handed a new six-month prison sentence to opposition figure and former presidential hopeful Hisham Kassem for defaming a former labour minister, his lawyer told AFP. The sentence, issued in absentia as Kassem is currently abroad, comes months after he was released in February 2024 following a previous six-month jail term that barred him from running in the December 2023 presidential election. Kassem was reportedly not informed of the new charges, which his lawyer described as “very concerning.” Human rights groups have condemned the ruling , calling it a politically motivated attempt to silence dissent.

Egypt purchases 2.5 million tonnes of wheat from local farmers

As of this season, Egypt has procured 2.5 million metric tons of wheat from local farmers, indicating a slight increase compared to 2024. Despite a reduction in cultivated wheat areas, the government anticipates purchasing between 4 and 5 million tonnes to ensure national bread supply, backed by a 10% price rise for farmers. Egypt plans to import an additional 6 million tonnes to sustain its heavily subsidised bread programme for over 69 million citizens.

The new measures outlined to curb this outbreak include the construction of a municipal pigsty, sanitary slaughter, quarantine procedures, epidemiological surveillance, and improvements in biosecurity.

“In response to this emergency situation, the government understands that it is necessary to reinforce investments with additional measures, which include quarantine, sanitary slaughter, epidemiological surveillance, and biosafety,” reads the Council of Ministers resolution.

Authorities have cited poor hygiene practices and the lack of biosecurity measures as ongoing contributors to repeated outbreaks over the past six decades.

African swine fever was first detected in Cape Verde in 1966 on the islands of Santiago and Maio. It later spread to the island of Fogo in 2011 and Boa Vista in 2015, where it has caused intermittent outbreaks since.

The current outbreak in Boa Vista was confirmed in February 2025.

The law, passed last year, requires local authorities to capture stray dogs and place them in shelters, where they are to be vaccinated, neutered, and made available for adoption.

It also allows for the euthanasia of dogs that are seriously ill, suffering, or considered a danger to public health, Associated Press reports.

The government says there are around four million stray dogs across the country. Recent dog attacks, including incidents involving children , prompted officials to introduce stricter rules.

Animal rights activists have strongly criticised the law, warning it could lead to the killing of healthy dogs under the guise of medical necessity.

They say many local councils do not have the funding or resources to build proper shelters and fear overcrowded and unsafe conditions for the animals.

Outside the court on May 7, dozens of protesters gathered with banners reading “cancel the blood-ridden law.” Demonstrators accused the government of turning a blind eye to the welfare of animals.

Several rights groups have reported that killings of stray animals increased after the law was passed, although local authorities have denied this.

The ruling puts more pressure on municipalities to enforce the law. Animal advocates say they will continue to push for stronger protections and better care for stray dogs across the country.

Their arrest sparked debates over Kenya’s fight against biopiracy and the exploitation of the country’s genetic resources.

The suspects were apprehended after authorities intercepted live queen ants hidden in specially modified test tubes and syringes at JKIA.

"Investigations revealed that the test tubes had been designed to sustain the ants for up to two months and evade airport security detection, including X-ray scanners. Cotton wool was used to maintain the ants' survival during transit, indicating a premeditated and well-executed trafficking operation," the Kenyan Wildlife Service noted in a statement.

According to investigators, the accused entered Kenya on tourist visas and planned to smuggle the ants to exotic pet markets in Europe and Asia, where there is growing demand for rare insect species. 

Messor cephalotes, in particular, is prized among collectors for its sophisticated colony-building behavior and pest control capabilities, making it a popular feature in formicariums - artificial ant habitats.

The illegal export of Kenya’s ant species violates both national legislation and international agreements, including the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing, which mandates prior informed consent for the use of a country’s genetic resources.

The teenagers, arrested in Kenya’s Nakuru county, claimed they were unaware their actions violated the law , insisting they had collected the ants for amusement.

In a separate incident , two other individuals, Kenyan national Dennis Ng’ang’a and Vietnamese citizen Duh Hung Nguyen were arrested in Nairobi with an additional 400 ants and are facing similar charges of wildlife trafficking.

The Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) identified the trafficked ants as primarily messor cephalotes, a large, red-colored harvester ant indigenous to East Africa . Authorities believe the ants were destined for markets in Europe and Asia, where demand has grown significantly.

Conservation experts, including Philip Muruthi from the Africa Wildlife Foundation, warned that trafficking ants could have severe ecological and agricultural consequences, potentially spreading diseases in destination countries.

"The thing is, when you see a healthy forest, like Ngong forest, you don't think about what is making it healthy. It is the relationships all the way from the bacteria to the ants to the bigger things," Muruthi said .

The ants seized from the two cases have been valued at approximately one million Kenyan shillings (€6,819).

All four individuals remain in custody, with the case adjourned until April 23, pending pre-sentencing reports.

Global pork consumption has increased by 77%, rising from 63.5 million tons in 1990 to 113 million tons in 2022. This growth is largely driven by rising demand, pigs’ efficient feed conversion, and the higher profitability of pig farming.

Out of the vast global pig representation, China produces the most pigs. With a staggering 452.6 million pigs, the country accounts for over 50% of the world's total pig population.

The United States on the other hand is home to over 74.4 million pigs, making it the second-largest pig-producing country globally, while Brazil's pig population stands at over 44 million, with the country being a significant player in the global pork market.

Spain follows with a pig population of 34.1 million, and Russia comes in with a pig population of 26.2 million.

Key factors driving pig production:

Pigs are among the most efficient livestock in converting feed into protein. According to the National Hog Farmer , modern pig breeds have an FCR of around 2.7–3.5, meaning they require significantly less feed per kg of meat compared to cattle. This efficiency later translates into lower production costs, making pig farming more economically viable.

Additionally, modern pig farming has embraced innovations in genetics, nutrition, and housing. One key innovation is the Precision Livestock Farming (PLF). This entails automated systems for feeding, health monitoring, and environmental control to enhance productivity and animal welfare. Advanced breeding techniques have improved disease resistance, growth rates, and meat quality.

According to Pramono Anung , Jakarta has many cat lovers, and this project could bring in money for the Thousand Islands regency.

The island will not only be a home for stray cats but also a place to care for them and will include a rehabilitation centre and a hospital for cats.

The idea has the support of local cat lover groups, who have dreamed of such a place for years. They believe the island will attract both locals and tourists from other countries.

Pramono recently received an award from the Indonesian World Record Museum (MURI) for sterilising 1,000 cats in February. His goal is to reach 21,000 stray cats this year.

The Jakarta Food Security, Maritime, and Agriculture Agency says sterilisation is the best way to control the stray cat population without harming the animals.

Jakarta has been a rabies-free city since 2004, and the government aims to sustain this status. Officials say too many stray cats can cause problems like property damage and the spread of diseases.

Last year, people in Jakarta made 465 complaints about stray cats. Authorities estimate that the city had about 860,000 stray cats in 2023.

Experts warn that if the cat population keeps growing, it could lead to serious health risks. Some diseases, like rabies and toxoplasmosis, can spread from cats to humans.

The law will only apply in Mexico City, home to Plaza México, the world’s largest bullring.

Bulls will no longer be injured or killed during fights but rather be returned to their herds afterwards, local reports indicate.

Matadors can still use capes, but weapons like swords and lances are banned. Officials say the changes are meant to balance tradition with respect for animals.

Mexico City Mayor Clara Brugada welcomed the decision, calling it a victory for animal rights. According to her , culture must evolve, and “the spectacle of blood cannot be justified as art or tradition.”

The decision has meanwhile attracted the bullfighting community's displeasure, leading to protests.

One matador, Arturo Saldívar, warned that the decision could harm jobs and threaten the fighting bull breed as many businesses near the bullring rely on bullfighting events for income.

Bullfighting has been controversial for years.

In 2022, a ban was placed on the sport in Mexico City but was later lifted. Now, with this new law, activists hope to push for similar bans in other parts of Mexico.

Bullfighting without killing the bulls is already practiced in places like Costa Rica and California but Mexico City is the first to officially recognise and enforce these rules.

Animal rights groups say this is a big step toward ending bullfighting as a blood sport.

The crocodile was found along the Khlong Chomphu River by a research team studying wildlife in the area.

They first spotted it on March 5, and their camera traps later confirmed its presence. This is the first official sighting in the park since 2013, although some locals have claimed to see them over the years.

Siamese crocodiles were once common in Southeast Asia, including Thailand but hunting and the destruction of their natural homes have caused their numbers to drop sharply. They live in slow-moving rivers and lakes, usually alone, and mainly eat fish and small animals.

Experts say they are not dangerous to people unless they are disturbed.

The discovery suggests that a small population of these crocodiles may still be living in the park.

In Cambodia, efforts to breed and release the crocodiles back into the wild have helped their numbers grow, with over 1,000 released since 2012.

However, experts warn that threats remain.

Plans to build reservoirs near the river could harm the crocodile’s habitat, hence, conservationists are urging authorities to ensure that development projects do not put the species at risk.

In Anuradhapura, authorities conducted surveys as part of the initiative, officials said.

Around 40,000 local officials were deployed on Saturday morning to record wild boar, lorises, peacocks, and monkeys near farms and homes within a five-minute window.

The campaign is being run by Vietnam’s CITES Management Authority with help from WWF-Vietnam.

They have placed large signs at airports and popular tourist spots in cities like Hanoi, Da Nang, Nha Trang, and Ho Chi Minh City. Social media is also being used to spread the message.

WWF-Vietnam’s chief conservation officer, Thibault Ledecq, said that stopping the ivory trade is not just about saving animals but also about protecting culture and ethics.

He said the campaign will help people understand how harmful the ivory trade is and why it must stop.

Tourists are a big part of the illegal ivory trade in Vietnam as visitors still buy ivory items, thinking it is allowed.

Reports say Vietnam has been a major hub for ivory smuggling since 2018. Many of the seized ivory products are sent to other countries, while some are sold in Vietnam, including online. The Ivory trade is pushing elephants closer to extinction.

The number of African elephants has dropped from 1.3 million in 1979 to 415,000 in 2016. The Asian elephant population is also shrinking, with only around 50,000 left in the wild.

Vietnam has been a member of CITES , the global treaty to protect endangered species, since 1994.

The country has strengthened its laws over the years, and elephants are given the highest level of protection under Vietnamese law.

WWF-Vietnam says tour operators and travel agencies must help educate tourists, so they do not support the ivory trade. The organisation wants everyone to work together to protect wildlife and stop illegal sales.

In 2025, CITES will mark 50 years of fighting wildlife crime. Vietnam’s campaign is part of the effort to end the ivory trade and protect elephants for the future.

The endangered pachyderm enjoys watermelon, bananas, sweet potatoes, and popcorn - her favorite treat, says Animal Welfare Officer Misa Leiva.

The survey, carried out by Fauna & Flora with Cambodia’s Ministry of Environment, uncovered some incredible findings at this park.

Among the discoveries was a deer species called the large-antlered muntjac, one of the most endangered deer in the world, which had never been recorded in Cambodia before.

The survey also confirmed the presence of several other rare animals, including sun bears, clouded leopards, red-shanked douc langurs, and Sunda pangolins.

According to the Brandenton Herald , researchers used a mix of trail cameras and field surveys to study the park’s wildlife.

They also collected water samples to analyse environmental DNA, a technique that helped identify 161 species of vertebrates, including 15 threatened species such as the Asiatic softshell turtle and the Asian black bear.

The park is now known to have one of the largest populations of northern yellow-cheeked crested gibbons in the world, with about 2,000 groups confirmed.

These endangered primates are only found in a few forests in Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia, making the discovery vital for their conservation.

Other first-time discoveries in Cambodia included two bat species, a species of glass lizard, a gecko, and even new plants like a ginger and an orchid. These findings highlight the park’s importance as a biodiversity hotspot.

Pablo Sinovas, who led the research team, said the discoveries show how special the park is and why it must be protected. He added that Virachey National Park plays a crucial role in fighting climate change by storing large amounts of carbon in its forests.

The survey, which began in 2018, was a huge effort involving teams hiking into remote areas of the park.

Over 60 donkeys have already died in the region where MARES, an animal welfare organisation, is operating.

The situation is growing worse as temperatures soar and the land continues to wither under extremely high temperatures.

Even boreholes that could provide water for the animals are not helping much. Zimbabwe’s electricity problems mean that power cuts last up to 20 hours a day.

Without electricity, water cannot be pumped to the surface from these boreholes, leaving animals thirsty and weak.

The drought is devastating for both people and animals. As conditions worsen, the donkeys, which are essential for transport and farming in rural areas, are dying in large numbers.

The alleged killings are said to be part of efforts to clean up cities and make them more appealing to tourists and soccer fans ahead of the world tournament which will bring in persons from all over the world.

Animal rights groups have described the actions as cruel and unnecessary.

The International Animal Coalition for instance claims around 300,000 stray dogs are killed in Morocco every year and alleges the killings have increased since FIFA announced Morocco as a co-host for the tournament.

Reports suggest that strychnine, a toxic pesticide, is being used to poison dogs. Some are reportedly shot on the streets, while others are taken to facilities where they are slaughtered.

Moroccan authorities have denied these claims, stating the culling campaign ended in August 2024. However, activists argue that the killings continue.

The 2030 FIFA World Cup will mark the tournament’s 100th anniversary and will be hosted by Morocco, Spain, and Portugal.

Animal welfare groups are urging FIFA to intervene, calling for humane methods to control the stray population.

Although FIFA has not yet issued a statement on the matter, pressure is mounting as campaigners demand action to stop what they call the “barbaric” treatment of animals.

Activists are also warning that these actions could harm Morocco’s image and FIFA’s reputation if left unaddressed.

"The moment these wild birds are caged, they often suffer from serious health problems, such as intestinal swelling, due to abrupt changes in their diet and environment," explained Zinelabidine Chibout, a volunteer with the Wild Songbird Protection Association in Setif, located 290 kilometres (180 miles) east of Algiers.

Goldfinches, native to Western Europe and North Africa, have deep cultural significance in Algeria. They are seen as symbols of freedom and were celebrated during the country’s independence movement. Algeria even designates an annual day in March to honour the bird.

Despite laws introduced in 2012 that classify the goldfinch as a protected species and ban its capture and sale, enforcement remains weak. Markets and pet shops continue to sell the birds openly, with little oversight, as reported by the AFP.

A study conducted in 2021 by Guelma University estimated that over six million goldfinches are currently kept in captivity in Algeria. Researchers documented hundreds of birds being sold in a single day, with around 300 observed for sale at one market in Annaba, eastern Algeria.

To address the issue, Chibout's association rescues injured and neglected goldfinches, nursing them back to health before releasing them into the wild. "We treat them in large cages, and once they recover and can fly again, we release them back into the wild," he said.

Some conservationists advocate for breeding programmes to meet demand without harming wild populations. 

"Our goal is to encourage the breeding of goldfinches already in captivity, so people no longer feel the need to capture them from the wild," said Madjid Ben Daoud, a goldfinch enthusiast and member of an environmental group in Algiers.

Souhila Larkam, who raises goldfinches at home, supports this approach but stresses responsible care. "People should only keep a goldfinch if they ensure its reproduction," she said.

The boy survived by eating wild fruits and sleeping on rocks to avoid predators, local reports indicate .

Park rangers found him safe but tired.

"The ordeal Tinotenda faced was unimaginable for an eight-year-old. He was very lucky to have survived, and we are grateful he is safe," a ranger said.

The local community joined the search, beating drums at night to guide him back.

"We are overwhelmed with gratitude to the brave park rangers and the tireless efforts of our community," a local spokesperson said.

Describing the boy's survival as a miracle, the spokesperson added, "Above all, we thank God for watching over Tinotenda and leading him back home safely.”

In a troubling incident at a prison in Tabasco, southern Mexico, a violent riot has led to the deaths of seven inmates. WDRB reports that the disturbance arose as inmates resisted efforts to transfer them to different facilities, resulting in injuries to ten individuals, including four police officers. Police chief Víctor Hugo Chávez disclosed that during the officer’s attempt to group inmates for transfer, they came under gunfire; one inmate managed to hold off authorities for nearly three hours, supported by a group of 20 fellow inmates.

Energy sector policies

In an analysis of Mexico's energy sector, the Baker Institute has identified that recent constitutional reforms have significantly hampered progress in this critical industry. The implications of these reforms pose a disadvantage to Mexico's energy policies, as highlighted in an article published by BNamericas on December 20, 2024. Such reforms have raised concerns about their impact on the national energy landscape.

Release of sea turtle hatchlings

An environmental victory emerged from Cancún, where local officials celebrated the release of approximately 950,000 sea turtle hatchlings into the ocean, marking the conclusion of the nesting season. These hatchlings, predominantly green sea turtles, boast an improved survival rate of around 97% at incubation sites, a noticeable increase from last year's 94%. Mexiconewsdaily reports that this year's hatchling count, while lower than the previous year's 1.2 million, reflects typical fluctuations. 7,500 nests were safeguarded throughout the season, containing an estimated 978,000 eggs. Notably, female sea turtles are known to return to their birthplace for nesting, with four species observed along Cancún's shores this season.

Christmas events

The festive spirit in Mexico City is alive with the annual Christmas Verbena held at the Zócalo, which runs until December 30. Launched on December 17 by Mayor Clara Brugada, the event features a stunning array of Christmas decorations, including a tunnel of lights and three monumental Christmas trees adorned with over 6,000 poinsettias. According to Mexiconewsdaily , the celebration also includes a large Nativity scene featuring a handcrafted baby Jesus figure from Iztapalapa. Furthermore, the Verbena hosts a Christmas bazaar presenting traditional crafts and foods from over 250 artisans, alongside daily musical performances from a diverse lineup of artists, including Regina Orozco and Los Tecolines. The event promises engaging comedic pastorelas and concerts, running up to December 29.

Rainfall predictions

On a more serious note, meteorological reports predict heavy to very heavy rainfall across various Mexican states, notably in Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz. Plenglish reports that regions like Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, and Zacatecas will also face substantial rain, while lighter showers are expected in areas such as Campeche and Chihuahua. Coastal regions should prepare for north winds ranging from 30 to 50 km/h, with gusts potentially reaching as high as 90 km/h. Additionally, significant swells of up to three meters are anticipated in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, necessitating caution in coastal activities.

Congressman Leslye Bojorges who presented the bill to change the country’s Wildlife Conservation Law said growing crocodile sightings are causing safety concerns, especially in tourist areas and communities near rivers.

The Gran Humedal Tempisque, a tourist site in Costa Rica with over 2,300 crocodiles, one of the highest, is one of the affected sites.

The bill includes a proposal for regular population studies, relocation of dangerous crocodiles, and warning signs in high-risk zones.

According to Bojorges , this will help reduce risks while protecting crocodiles in areas where they do not cause harm.

He also noted that crocodiles are affecting safety and tourism in some regions, which also hurts the local economy.

Crocodile hunting has been illegal in Costa Rica since the 1990s after years of overhunting made them endangered.

Although there is expected resistance from some environmental groups and scientists, Bojorges says public concerns need to be addressed.

The contaminated waterholes were spread across 6,000 square kilometres in the Okavango Delta. According to researchers, elephants died after drinking from these waterholes.

They concluded that averagely, the elephants walked just 16 kilometres before collapsing because their carcasses were found near the waterholes.

Cyanobacteria thrive in certain conditions, such as rising water temperatures and increased nutrients. Scientists believe these environmental triggers caused the algae to release toxins that killed the elephants. However, researchers could not test the exact water toxicity at the time due to COVID-19 restrictions.

Experts warn this could happen again, especially in areas where animals rely on stagnant water.

They warn that smaller animals might also be affected, but their deaths are harder to detect. The algae can harm aquatic life too, as seen in other water systems around the world.

The Botswana government has since officially attributed the mass elephant deaths to cyanobacterial toxins.

Meanwhile, scientists are calling for better monitoring of water sources in the area to prevent any more future incidents.

Tanzania's political landscape has become increasingly complex as opposition groups have expressed disillusionment with President Samia Suluhu Hassan's approach to governance since her inauguration in 2021. Originally hopeful for significant reforms following the authoritarian regime of John Magufuli, leaders within the opposition, such as Freeman Mbowe and Tundu Lissu, have now characterised their earlier optimism as naive. Despite some initial signs of a shift towards more inclusive policies, including the lifting of political rally bans, recent incidents of violence, including the murders of opposition figures and abductions allegedly perpetrated by state forces, have overshadowed these developments. According to Inkl , this has intensified political tensions ahead of impending elections, fostering an environment of fear and intolerance. Nevertheless, Lissu maintains a cautious hope for eventual political transformation in Tanzania.

Presidential appointments

In a significant cabinet reshuffle, President Samia Suluhu Hassan has made critical adjustments to her administration, most notably merging the Ministry of Information, Communication, and Information Technology with the Ministry of Culture, Arts, and Sports. This strategic move, according to VOA Africa , reflects a potential shift in governmental focus and priorities.

Patas monkeys go extinct

In the realm of conservation, an alarming report has emerged concerning the critically endangered southern patas monkeys, indigenous to Tanzania's Serengeti National Park. Mongabay reports that these monkeys have not been observed for over a year, deepening concerns regarding their potential extinction. Estimates suggest that their wild population fell below 200 individuals in 2021, and their habitat has diminished by approximately 85% since the early 20th century. Conservationists are now prioritising population surveys and initiating urgent measures to avert the loss of this species, which has only recently been classified as a distinct species, as they echo the fate of species like the Miss Waldron’s red colobus monkey due to habitat encroachment and threats from domestic canines.

Financial innovations

The Bank of Tanzania (BOT) has introduced a fintech regulatory sandbox intended to stimulate financial innovations through a controlled testing environment, IT Web reports. Applications will be accepted starting in January 2025, and entities such as banks, financial institutions, and fintech companies are encouraged to submit their proposals for products not encapsulated by existing regulations. This sandbox initiative represents a concerted effort by BOT to foster a conducive regulatory atmosphere for financial development, with evaluations promised to be completed within 30 working days following each application window closure.

Climate change

A recent UN report underscores a concerning trend: over the past three decades, more than three-quarters of the world's land has faced permanent drying, with drylands now encompassing 40.6% of the Earth's surface. The effects of climate change have particularly exacerbated conditions in Southern Africa, notably in Tanzania and South Sudan, which are now grappling with increasing aridity affecting agriculture and natural ecosystems. Africa Science News reports that the alarming projections suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue unchecked, an additional 3% of currently humid areas may transition to drylands by the end of the century, impacting as many as 5 billion people. The report calls for enhanced monitoring of aridity and the adoption of sustainable land-use practices to mitigate the ongoing ecological crisis, which has broader socio-political ramifications, including forced migration.

According to the park’s director, Syed Amjad Hussain Zaidi, Sonia died of an apparent heart attack.

"I received a call at around 6 am from one of our elephant trainers who said that Sonia was not standing on her feet, so I called the zoologist Dr. Amir. We came here at around 06:30 am, and after a checkup by Dr. Amir Ismail, he declared her dead. When I asked him about the reason, he told me that it was a sudden death, like a heart attack," he told AFP.

“Sonia was doing well at her last health check-up about 10 days ago,” Zaidi said. He also noted that Austrian animal welfare group Four Paws had visited her at the end of November.

He disclosed that an autopsy will be conducted in the coming days to determine the cause of death. 

Sonia and Madhubala were separated in 2009 after being captured from the wild and brought to Pakistan alongside their two other sisters, Noor Jehan and Malika. While Sonia and Malika were sent to Karachi Safari Park, Noor Jehan and Madhubala were placed at Karachi Zoo.

The death of Noor Jehan in April 2023 drew criticism of Karachi Zoo’s animal care practices from Four Paws, which called for better conditions for the remaining elephants. This led to Madhubala’s transfer to the safari park, where she joined Sonia and Malika just last month.

The reunion was short-lived, as Sonia’s sudden death now leaves only two of the original four sisters alive. “Today, after the death of Sonia, we have two elephants left,” Zaidi said.

According to local reports , the victims from the Teduray community reportedly ate a turtle caught and cooked into stew by a fisherman during a gathering in Datu Blah Sinsuat town. 

Pets that were fed the meat including dogs and cats, also died.

Authorities are now investigating the incident. 

The Mayor of the township, Marshall Sinsuat announced a ban on catching sea turtles in his town, pledging support for the government ’s conservation efforts. 

While it is illegal to hunt and consume sea turtles under the Philippines environmental protection laws, locals still consume them.

Health officials said the turtles often consume toxic algae, which can make humans sick if ingested.

The animals include ring-tailed lemurs, brown lemurs, spider tortoises, and radiated tortoises.

These species which are found only in Madagascar and listed as near-extinct or threatened will be placed in special care centres once they return home.

Thailand’s environment minister Chalermchai Sri-on said this is the first time animals are being returned before the end of legal proceedings.

“This is a significant step in anti-trafficking operations,” he was quoted as saying.

Max Andonirina Fontaine, Madagascar’s environment minister on his part said the move shows the power of collaboration.

“When two countries collaborate, we can really make a success story,” he was quoted .

According to the Bangkok Post , the Department of Livestock Development has launched an investigation to determine if animal cruelty occurred during the filming. 

Show director Sant Srikaewlaw responded to the criticism on November 9, sharing video clips on Facebook to prove that the cat was alive and well after filming. 

He explained that the cat was administered an anaesthetic during the scene under the close supervision of its owner and trained professionals.

The broadcasting channel, One31, released a statement online on November 10, confirming that the scene was conducted under the care of experts from an animal modelling agency with over ten years of experience. 

Despite the assurances, authorities have called for the cat to undergo a full examination to ensure its health and confirm no harm was done.

Animal scenes in film and television have been met with scrutiny over the years, with some instances leading to animal welfare reforms in the industry. A notable case from 1986 involved the Japanese adventure comedy The Adventures of Milo and Otis, where reports emerged of animal cruelty and the alleged deaths of at least 20 cats during production.

"This is the first vaccine of this type in the world for dogs," said Leonardo Saenz from the University of Chile's veterinary sciences faculty.

Saenz and his team have been developing the vaccine since 2009, and it began distribution in Chile this month. The vaccine stimulates antibodies to halt the production of sex hormones in both male and female dogs for a full year.

"This immunological product we designed has a similarity, let's say, to a hormone found in mammals, present in both males and females. Therefore, the generation of these antibodies binds to this natural, endogenous hormone and blocks it," Saenz explained. It prevents the hormone from having its effect, thereby stopping the hormone production cascade and sexual behaviour in animals.

The Egalitte vaccine has been patented in 40 countries, including the United States , Argentina, Brazil, and throughout the European Union. In Chile, the cost is $50 per injection.

Ivan Gutierrez, a 27-year-old student, took his dog Franchesco to a veterinary clinic in Santiago for the vaccine. "I didn't really want him to have the operation," he said. "So, I looked for a less invasive option that wouldn't affect him as much."

An alternative method of temporary sterilization involves inserting a hormonal implant under the skin, but Saenz cautioned that it can cause side effects. The new vaccine aims to provide a safer and reversible option for dog owners.

Activists in Morocco are protesting a proposed citizenship law that would grant Moroccan citizenship to descendants of Moroccan Jews, primarily those who immigrated to Israel. Critics argue the law could allow Israeli soldiers, some of whom are of Moroccan descent, to gain citizenship, raising security concerns. A petition to extend citizenship was submitted to the Moroccan parliament but has garnered fewer than 300 signatures out of the required 20,000. The proposal has sparked controversy amid the ongoing conflict in Gaza, with some pro-Palestine groups viewing it as a "Zionist attempt" to influence Moroccan institutions. While the Jewish community in Morocco, consisting of around 2,000 individuals, largely remains apolitical, community leaders have condemned violence in Gaza and criticised the citizenship proposal as discriminatory.

Morocco to double green electricity production in preparation for World Cup

Morocco plans to double green electricity production in Western Sahara to 2.7 gigawatts by 2027, ahead of co-hosting the 2030 FIFA World Cup. The project, costing approximately 21 billion dirhams ($2.1 billion), aims to enhance wind and solar capacity with local and foreign investment. Morocco’s control over the region is disputed by the pro-independence Polisario Front, but recent foreign support has encouraged investment in the territory's energy infrastructure. Current green power capacity is about 1.3 gigawatts. A related 3-gigawatt cable project connecting the region to central Morocco has garnered interest from private investors, with France pledging support. The plans will likely face opposition from Polisario, which critiques Morocco's exploitation of the region's resources.

Thousands of dogs massacred in brutal clean-up ahead of World Cup

Animal welfare groups warn that thousands of stray dogs in Morocco are being massacred ahead of the country's bid to co-host the 2030 World Cup alongside Spain and Portugal. The International Animal Coalition reports that three million dogs are at risk as brutal clean-up efforts intensify, with dogs being poisoned, shot, or trapped. The killings have reportedly escalated since FIFA's announcement in 2023, leading to fears that a potential ratification in December 2024 could give Morocco a "green light" to proceed with the planned cull. Les Ward, chair of the coalition, criticised FIFA for ignoring evidence of these inhumane practices and called for Morocco to be suspended as a co-host. This is not a new issue; similar mass killings of stray dogs occurred before previous World Cup events, drawing international condemnation.

Morocco improves Global Hunger Index ranking

Morocco has improved its Global Hunger Index (GHI) ranking thanks to agricultural policies like the Green Morocco Plan and Generation Green, which focus on modernising agriculture and improving food distribution. However, the global food security crisis persists, with many regions, particularly Africa, facing severe hunger due to conflicts, climate change, and economic instability. The UN’s Zero Hunger goal for 2030 remains out of reach as issues worsen in countries such as Somalia, Chad, and Madagascar.

Qatar organises study on Ancient Libraries in Morocco

The Qatar National Library (QNL) is hosting a study day titled “The Ancient Libraries of Morocco: From Preserving Manuscripts to Beacons of Knowledge” on November 13, 2024, as part of the Qatar-Morocco Year of Culture celebrations. The event will explore the historical development, challenges, and significance of ancient Moroccan libraries and their role in facilitating knowledge transfer and intellectual exchange. The session will be conducted in Arabic with English interpretation available.

The day's activities featured a variety of engaging elements aimed at raising awareness. A photography exhibition showcased images of the snow leopards, while a quiz tested participants' knowledge about the species. There was also a competition where participants imitated snow leopards, and public sessions provided information on the vital role these animals play in maintaining ecological balance and the legal penalties for poaching.

WWF-Mongolia noted that the East African nation is home to the world's second-largest population of snow leopards, with around 1,000 adult leopards residing in the country. These animals inhabit a vast area of approximately 328,900 square kilometres, spanning the Altai, Sayan, and Khangai mountain ranges.

However, the snow leopard population in Mongolia faces significant threats, including poaching for their bones and conflicts with local herders. Retaliatory killings often occur when snow leopards attack livestock, exacerbating the species' decline, Xinhua reports.

China and Mongolia celebrated the 75th anniversary of their diplomatic ties with a reception in Beijing on October 18, 2024. Li Hongzhong, vice chairman of the National People's Congress, and Mongolian Prime Minister Luvsannamsrai Oyun-Erdene addressed the event, highlighting the significant progress in bilateral relations. Both leaders expressed a commitment to enhancing cooperation and building a shared future. The event was co-organised by the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the Mongolian Embassy in China.

Mongolian summits Mount Kilimanjaro

Batsukh Nyamdash, a Master of Sports of Mongolia successfully summited Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest peak, from October 6 to October 9, 2024. This accomplishment follows his previous ascent of Mount Elbrus, Europe's highest peak. Nyamdash trained extensively on various mountains in Mongolia before his expedition, which included a five-member team, Mongolia’s National News Agenc y reports. With over 30 years of mountaineering experience, he has climbed all major peaks in Mongolia. Mount Kilimanjaro, standing at 5,895 metres, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its diverse ecosystems and accessibility.

41.5 million trees planted in Mongolia

As part of Mongolia's "One Billion Trees" initiative led by President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa, a nationwide tree-planting campaign is ongoing from September 24 to October 26, 2024. Since the campaign's inception, 41.5 million trees have been planted, with Selenge province, north of Mongolia contributing 4.7 million. Citizens are encouraged to plant trees in their own spaces, while organisations should dedicate 20% of their properties to green spaces. The goal is to plant one billion trees by 2030, aiming to increase forest coverage to 9%, combat desertification, enhance greenhouse gas absorption, and promote climate resilience, state agency Montsame reports.

Snow leopard protection

Mongolia hosted activities on October 20 to raise awareness about snow leopard protection ahead of International Snow Leopard Day on October 23. Organised by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Mongolia in Ulan Bator, the capital of the East Asian nation, events included a photography exhibition, quizzes, and information sessions about the species' ecological importance and poaching penalties. Mongolia is home to the world's second-largest snow leopard population, with approximately 1,000 adults inhabiting the Altai, Sayan, and Khangai mountain ranges. Major threats include poaching and conflicts with local herders. The initiative aims to promote effective conservation measures for these endangered animals.

Strategic partnership with India

During a meeting in Pakistan, Mongolian Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai and Indian External Affairs Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar discussed enhancing cooperation between their countries. The Mongolian Prime Minister thanked India for its COVID-19 vaccine donation and highlighted progress on the critical Oil Refinery project. Both leaders agreed to leverage their Strategic Partnership to expand relations across all sectors and planned to celebrate the 70th anniversary of diplomatic ties in 2025, Montsame reports.

Activities such as educational campaigns, adoption drives, and fundraising initiatives are held worldwide to support these efforts.

The observance dates back to 1931 when a group of ecologists in Florence, Italy, designated October 4—Saint Francis of Assisi’s feast day—as a day to draw attention to endangered species.

Over time, the scope of World Animal Day has broadened to address a wide array of animal welfare issues, gaining recognition and support from diverse communities across the globe.

Like most pet-loving Christian communities World Animal Day is celebrated with a twist. In the Filipino capital of Manila, while the official date of the celebration fell on a Friday, pet owners gathered two days later for a special event: a pet blessing ceremony.

On this Sunday, pets ranging from dogs and cats to rabbits were dressed in costumes and brought to a local mall in Quezon City, where a priest blessed them with holy water in recognition of their importance in their owners' lives, as reported by Reuters.

"For my prayers, it’s good health, and I hope they always stay happy and be a blessing to us. I pray that they continue to give us happiness and that we are also able to bring them happiness," shared Andrea Barin, a proud dog owner, during the event.

Another pet owner, Ela Anghela, expressed her heartfelt wish for her pet, saying, "My prayer for him is that I hope he lives a longer life as I am an only child and he has been my companion in all the journeys I had in my life."

The Philippines has seen significant growth in pet culture over the years, with pets being regarded as more than just animals—they are cherished companions and even considered part of the family. This trend has become especially prominent in recent years as the bond between pets and their owners strengthens.

The COVID-19 pandemic played a crucial role in accelerating pet adoption across the Philippines, as many sought companionship during periods of isolation.

Pets provided emotional support during lockdowns, helping to reduce feelings of depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Studies have consistently shown that owning pets contributes to better mental health, offering comfort and joy in times of uncertainty.

In 2021, Filipinos led Southeast Asia in overall pet-related Google searches, with nearly 7 million searches by September of that year—four times more than the second-ranked country, Vietnam, research by iPrice Group revealed.

By 2023, a separate study indicated that 64% of Filipino households owned pets, with dogs being the most popular choice. Among pet-owning households, 78% had at least one dog, while 50% owned cats.

Eliane's dog beauty centre offers various services, including "chromotherapy" (a soothing treatment using coloured lights), hair hydration, and shampoo baths. They even have a "low stress" area for anxious pets.

Rodrigues recalls when dog care was minimal, often limited to food scraps and basic cleaning with household detergents. “Nowadays it's a more specialized process,” she told AFP, as an employee examines a puppy’s fur under a microscope.

The Pet Institute of Brazil reports that the country is home to around 160 million pets; 62 million dogs and 30 million cats, 42 million birds, and 2.8 million reptiles making it the third-largest pet population in the world, after China and the United States .

This figure stands in contrast to the roughly 40 million children under 14 in Brazil. As the birth rate declines and the middle class expands, pets have increasingly become family members.

"When you have a pet, when you have a dog, and you're willing to have one, you're also willing to spend, right?" Silvana Matos, a pet owner argued.

She proudly carries her two Pomeranians, Fénix and Bento, who receive top-notch treatments, including moisturizing therapy for Fénix and care for Bento's alopecia.

Rodrigues estimates that maintaining a dog like Bento and Fénix costs between 500 and 800 reais (about $100-$150) monthly. "Love is like that. When a child needs something, the mother spends. Regardless of whether it is expensive or not," Matos explains, drawing parallels to parenting.

The Brazilian pet market generated 68.7 million reais (approximately $12.5 million) in 2023, reflecting a 14% growth from the previous year. This market is primarily driven by food and veterinary services, which increasingly include alternative therapies like chiropractic care and acupuncture.

The hippo was welcomed out of the pond with the ‘birthday song’ as she headed to enjoy her cake much to the delight of visitors and staff.

An exhibition about her history was also opened at the hippo section of the zoo during which visitors also got the opportunity to write birthday wishes for Mae Mali.

The zoo’s authorities also launched an invitation for funding to support the Wildlife Adoption Project for Mae Mali. The project seeks to provide funding for the building of a new home and also to cater for her health needs.

Mae Mali is still healthy in her old age and has produced 14 hippopotamuses in total.

She was transferred to Thailand’s Dusit Zoo from the Tilburg Zoo in the Netherlands. She arrived in June 1967 when she was only one year old and was moved to the Khao Kheow Open Zoo on December 18, 2018, Nation reports.