The law targets items acquired between 1815 and 1972, before the adoption of a UNESCO convention governing the protection of cultural heritage. It seeks to address longstanding demands from former colonies—particularly in Africa—for the return of artefacts removed under colonial rule.

Under the new framework , governments requesting the return of artefacts must submit formal applications and demonstrate that the objects were obtained through force or illegitimate means. 

Requests will be reviewed by a designated committee, which will assess the evidence before approving restitution. Military objects, public archives and archaeological shares are excluded from the measure.

The reform marks a shift from France’s previous system, which required parliament to approve the return of each individual item—a process widely criticised as slow and restrictive despite growing international pressure.

Return to which countries?

France is estimated to hold tens of thousands of artefacts taken from its former empire. Countries such as Algeria, Mali and Benin have submitted formal requests for their return in recent years, reflecting broader global calls for restitution.

The legislation follows a 2017 pledge by President Emmanuel Macron to facilitate the return of African cultural heritage. Speaking in Burkina Faso at the time, Macron said African heritage should not remain confined to European institutions and promised to create conditions for its return.

Recent actions signal gradual progress. Earlier this year, France returned the Djidji Ayôkwé drum to Ivory Coast, an object taken by colonial troops in 1916.

However, the bill’s scope remains contested. Some lawmakers argued for broader coverage, while others sought tighter limits tied to diplomatic relations. The debate reflects ongoing tensions in France’s reckoning with its colonial past and its relationships with former colonies.

For many former colonies, especially those in the Global South, the new law is expected to lower procedural barriers, but the pace and scale of returns will depend on how the system is implemented in practice.

Iran’s Culture Minister Seyed Abbas Salehi said: “In terms of quantity and quality, with clear, attractive expressions and noteworthy events, a considerable number of artists, step by step over these forty days, came forward and participated,” adding that those who did not attend were “traitors”.

Science Minister Hossein Simaei Saraf described Khamenei as unmatched, saying: “I can say that the characteristics you see in our dear, martyred leader are unparalleled traits that have come together in one person.”

Babak Rezaei of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage said the “broad presence of artists from various disciplines reflects” the leader’s legacy.

Khamenei was killed during a joint US-Israeli operation on February 28, with his son, Mujtaba Khamenei, later named successor. Iran has yet to announce details of the funeral procession as regional tensions continue to escalate.

The installation was put in place by a protest group known as the “Secret Handshake.” The group has created a series of satirical statues targeting President Trump and his allies since he took office.

During her time at KAIST, Ku also developed “Kooroll,” an eco-friendly hair roller, which later won recognition at the 2025 Korea Outstanding Patent Awards. The product was designed to reduce plastic use by around 80% compared with conventional hair rollers, highlighting her growing interest in combining technology with beauty innovation.

The invention has since evolved into a startup venture, with Ku involved in everything from product design to branding and the patent process. The foldable roller was designed to solve portability issues common with traditional rollers and reflects the actress’s expanding role as an entrepreneur.

Ku Hye-sun was born in Incheon, South Korea, in 1984 and rose to fame as a television actress before branching into directing, writing, music and visual arts.

She first gained widespread recognition through Korean television dramas such as "Hearts of Nineteen" in 2006 and the historical drama "The King and I" in 2007. However, her breakthrough role came in the hugely popular 2009 series "Boys Over Flowers" , where she played Geum Jan-di, a spirited student who becomes romantically involved with a wealthy heir.

The drama became a major hit across Asia and cemented Ku’s status as one of the most recognisable faces in the Korean entertainment industry.

She continued to build her career with roles in several well-known dramas, including "Take Care of Us, Captain" (2012), where she played an aspiring pilot, and "Angel Eyes" (2014), a romantic melodrama about two lovers reunited after years apart. She also starred in the medical fantasy drama "Blood" (2015) alongside actor Ahn Jae-hyun.

Beyond acting, Ku has established herself as a filmmaker. She made her directorial debut with the short film "The Madonna", which was screened at international film festivals and won awards for audience appreciation. She later directed her first feature film, "Magic" (2010), which was invited to the Jecheon International Music and Film Festival and the Tokyo International Film Festival.

In 2014, she wrote, directed and starred in the film "Daughter", a psychological drama addressing child abuse and family relationships. The film was screened at the Busan International Film Festival, further establishing her reputation as a creative force beyond acting.

A recently studied hand stencil from Liang Metanduno cave on Muna Island, southeast of Sulawesi, has been dated to at least 67,800 years ago. If confirmed, it would be the oldest known example of cave art anywhere in the world .

The stencil is part of a wider network of rock art sites across Muna and neighbouring Buton Island. While the pigment is heavily faded, researchers identified clear traces of fingers and palm, indicating deliberate human marking rather than natural staining.

Taken together, the cave paintings suggest early humans in the region were not only capable seafarers, but also abstract thinkers — using art to express identity, belief or social meaning long before written history began.

The findings strengthen evidence that early humans in Southeast Asia were producing symbolic art tens of thousands of years earlier than once believed, challenging long-held views that such behaviour first emerged in Europe.

How it was dated

To establish its age, scientists analysed mineral deposits that formed over the artwork using uranium-series dating. This method provides a minimum age, meaning the painting could be significantly older than the figure reported.

The discoveries also carry implications for human migration. Sulawesi lies along the route early humans likely took as they moved from mainland Asia towards Australia via the ancient Sahul landmass. The presence of advanced art supports the idea that these populations had complex cognitive abilities before reaching Australia.

Some researchers caution that questions remain over which human species created the artworks, noting that Denisovans and early Homo sapiens may have shared similar artistic capacities. Others argue the dating methods are robust and consistent across multiple sites.

Their criticism centres on a section of the plan that seeks to enable the use of copyrighted material for AI training without legal uncertainty, potentially through amendments to existing law or the introduction of a new AI-specific statute.

Creators say the proposal favours commercial AI developers and shifts the burden of enforcement onto individual rights holders.

They also warned that references to opt-out mechanisms would offer little real protection, as most creators lack the resources or technical capacity to deploy machine-readable safeguards.

“This is a declaration that the government is abandoning the sustainability of Korea’s cultural industry,” the groups said.

Newsmen also concerned

Sixteen organisations signed the statement, representing writers, screenwriters, performers, musicians, choreographers, visual artists, independent producers and the broadcasting sector.

The intervention follows concerns similar to those raised by newspaper publishers, who argue that copyright is rooted in the right to grant or refuse permission in advance, not after the fact.

The dispute comes as the Lee Jae Myung administration accelerates efforts to position South Korea as a global AI leader, with the Presidential Council on National Artificial Intelligence Strategy coordinating policy across government and industry.

The draft Korea AI Action Plan, released in December, sets out 98 measures spanning infrastructure investment, AI semiconductor development, talent training and regulatory reform.

Among them are proposals to revise laws governing personal data and copyrighted works to facilitate AI training, a move officials say is necessary to support innovation and competitiveness.

Public consultation on the draft plan closed earlier this month, and the council has indicated it will hold further discussions on the copyright issue.

Footage from Nairobi shows graffiti artists painting detailed portraits of global music and pop culture icons, including Barbadian singer Rihanna and reggae legend Bob Marley, across the sides of the vehicles. Others draw inspiration from films and gaming culture, with buses themed around The Matrix or branded with names such as “NeoOne” and “MoneyFest”.

Inside, the experience goes well beyond a typical commute. Large digital screens, neon lighting and high-powered sound systems turn the buses into what many passengers describe as moving nightclubs, pulsing with music as they navigate the city’s busy roads.

Commuter Dennis Machwani said matatus stand out for their speed, energy and cultural significance. “They are fast. They are entertaining, and they represent our Kenyan culture ,” he said.

For graffiti artists, the matatu scene is also an economic lifeline. One artist said painting the buses helps cover school fees and rent, while also benefiting vehicle owners by attracting more passengers. The more striking the artwork, the more popular the bus tends to be.

Regular riders say the designs capture the realities and aspirations of Nairobi’s youth. Matatu enthusiast Praise Mwangi said the graffiti reflects lived experiences. “It explains who we are as youth. What we go through is kept as graffiti,” he said.

Matatus remain the backbone of public transport in Kenya’s major cities, carrying millions of commuters each day.

Colombian filmmaker Juan Pablo Solano, of Jaguar Bite, has expressed concerns over proposed U.S. tariffs on audiovisual content, which could significantly impact international production in Colombia, where approximately 80-90% of projects are American. According to him, tariffs threaten to undermine independent films that rely on Colombia's cost-effective production landscape, putting the future of local filmmaking at risk.

Expansion of extortion gangs in key Colombian oil region

Colombian palm-oil farmer Jaime Cruz encountered a resurgence of extortion gangs in Puerto Gaitan, the country's largest oil-producing area, after more than a decade of relative peace. The 39th Front guerrilla group has begun demanding extortion payments from local businesses, causing significant insecurity and hindering investment in an economically vital region as violence escalates.

Investigations underway for suspicious death in South Carolina

Authorities in Columbia, South Carolina, are investigating a suspicious death following the discovery of a body in a home on Kinard Court, reported on May 15. The Columbia Police Department is collaborating with the Richland County Coroner’s Office as the investigation unfolds, with further updates pending.

Colombia takes landmark step in indigenous autonomy

Colombia has officially recognised Indigenous councils in the Amazon as local governments, granting them administrative power and budget control . This historic shift enhances Indigenous rights and governance, aiming to protect forests and inspire similar movements across Latin America, contrasting sharply with legislation in neighbouring countries that threaten Indigenous authority.

Colombian senate rejects president's labour reform referendum

Colombian lawmakers blocked President Gustavo Petro's referendum aimed at reforming labour laws, which included proposals for limiting work hours and mandating double pay on holidays. Business Standard reports that despite Petro's warning of electoral repercussions, the Senate voted against the referendum, though a group of congressmen has revived discussions on the labour proposals ahead of a deadline.

“I think that creating this type of activity, along with what we do at home to keep them calm, is very special for them,” Laura Chacon told the AFP, who attended the concert with her dog. “Especially an event like this, which helps them relax,” she said.

Vargas explained that "all the alpha [dogs] were barking, competing with each other, and as soon as we started with the first chords, the pets started to relax, to stay, some fell asleep, some were literally watching the concert, some came up to the stage and wanted to be there, so it was a nice, nice surprise."

The festival, known for its artistic and cultural showcases, embraced this one-of-a-kind musical experience to promote the well-being of pets through the power of sound.

Here are the biggest museums in the world, showcasing the richness and diversity of human experience.

The Louvre Museum (France)

- Collection: Over 550,000 items

- Exhibition space: 782,910 square feet (72,735 square meters)

- Founded: 1793

The Louvre is the world's most famous and largest museum, with a collection that includes the Mona Lisa, Venus de Milo, and other iconic works of art. Its stunning glass pyramid entrance and beautifully restored buildings make it a must-visit destination. The Louvre, however, at the beginning of 2025, the facility faced enormous overcrowding issues and water leakages.

The Hermitage Museum (Russia)

- Collection: Over 3 million items

- Exhibition space: 719,480 square feet

- Founded: 1764

The Hermitage Museum is one of the oldest and largest museums in the world, with a collection that spans from ancient Egypt to modern art. Its stunning architecture and opulent interiors make it a must-visit destination.

The Madras Museum (India)

- Collection: Over 3,000 items

- Exhibition space: 710,418 square feet

- Founded: 1851

The Madras Museum, also known as the Government Museum, Chennai, is one of the oldest and largest museums in India. Located in the heart of Chennai, the museum is a treasure trove of art, archaeology, anthropology, and natural history.

The National Museum of China

- Collection: Over 1 million items

- Exhibition space: 700,000 square feet

- Founded: 2003

The National Museum of China is a showcase of Chinese history and culture, with a collection that includes ancient Chinese artefacts, artwork, and historical relics. Its stunning architecture and beautifully landscaped gardens make it a popular destination.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City, USA)

- Collection: Over 1.5 million items

- Exhibition space: 633,100 square feet

- Founded: 1870

The Met, as it's affectionately known, is one of the world's premier art museums, with a collection that encompasses over 5,000 years of human history. From ancient Egyptian temples to modern masterpieces, the Met has something for everyone.

These five museums are just a few of the many incredible institutions around the world that are dedicated to preserving and showcasing human history, art, and culture. Whether you're an art lover, a history buff, or simply curious about the world, these museums are sure to inspire and awe.

"This is amazing, blowing a trumpet for 24 hours straight is incredible," said Myra, a student attending the event.

Brian Nyarango, a software developer, expressed confidence in Mutsembi's attempt. "We have a good pedigree as marathon runners. Now a musician is trying to achieve something similar. It's beautiful."

Digital marketer James Wamaathai was thrilled to witness the event. "I've supported his music before, but being part of a Guinness World Records attempt is something special," he said.

Writer Rehab Gachango marveled at Mutsembi's stamina. "It's mind-blowing, where does he get the lungs for this?" she wondered.

Mutsembi's attempt captured the spirit of determination and creativity, inspiring those who gathered to witness this remarkable feat.

The statues quickly went viral on the Chinese e-commerce platform Taobao, attracting significant attention and becoming popular.

"With Donald Trump's reelection, this statue is hot again. I still think he's just as funny [as before]. When he was not the President, people were not so interested in the news of the United States. Once he became President it seems the whole world is bustling, he is in the headlines every day again," Hong told AFP.

The statues are sold in various sizes and cost 999 to 20,000 yuan (approximately $150 to $3,000).

The architecture, known for its sleek curves and geometric patterns, gives Mumbai a unique look and connects it to a global style that emerged in the early 20th century.

Atul Kumar, founder of Art Deco Mumbai, told AFP that the buildings represent more than just design. He explains that the style introduced apartment living, where people from different communities learned to live together and share cultures.

The group also offers free advice to property owners on how to repair and restore these buildings, which are often decades old but still valuable in Mumbai’s expensive real estate market.

Brazil's Ministry of Ports and Airports is launching the “AmpliAR Program,” which aims to invest R$7.3 billion in the modernisation of 102 regional airports. The initial phase will focus on R$3.4 billion ($5 million) for 51 underperforming airports, with auctions planned for 2025. The program allocates funds for upgrading 89 existing terminals and 13 new airports. The timeline includes public consultations within 30 to 40 days and bids expected by early February 2025, with contracts allowing one year for licensing and two years for investment execution. The government's strategy relies on involving major airport concessionaires to boost regional airport infrastructure, Valorinternational reports.

Coffee production

Coffee prices have surged to their highest level since 1977, with Arabica beans reaching 320.10 US cents per pound due to concerns about limited supplies from Brazil's drought-affected crop. Brazil, the leading coffee producer, faces significant production potential risks for 2025/2026, despite recent rains that aided flowering. Geopolitical factors, including shipping disruptions and regulatory changes, have further contributed to rising prices. Meanwhile, Vietnam's Robusta coffee supply is also under pressure, with prices hitting record levels, according to Barrons .

Digital assets

Brazil is proposing legislation to create a strategic Bitcoin reserve, potentially transforming its economic approach to digital assets. The initiative, known as the Reserva Estratégica Soberana de Bitcoins (RESBit), aims for up to $3 billion in Bitcoin holdings, managed by the Central Bank through secure "cold wallets" and biannual reporting. Congressman Eros Biondini emphasises the importance of this initiative for economic sovereignty and innovation, Crypto News Flash reports. Despite Brazil's status as the 10th largest cryptocurrency market and the rising trend of Bitcoin adoption globally, the proposal faces legislative challenges amid concerns over cryptocurrency volatility. This move aligns Brazil with a growing recognition of cryptocurrency's transformative potential within national financial systems.

Belgian, Sao Paulo partnerships

During an economic mission in São Paulo, Belgian companies and universities signed around 30 contracts with Brazilian partners across various sectors. Highlights included Leuven-based SME Turbulent's plan to develop innovative hydroelectric power stations and Zaventem-based Desmet's contract for a soybean processing plant aimed at establishing the world’s largest biodiesel production site. Additionally, Ghent's Terra Mater announced a collaboration to produce sustainable aviation fuel using Brazilian ethanol. Belgan News Agency reports that Belgian universities also formed partnerships with institutions in São Paulo. The mission, which included 170 delegates led by Princess Astrid, aims to foster long-term economic relations, with expectations of more contracts following this initial signing. Additional missions are planned for India and California.

Brazil participates in La Biennale di Venezia

Brazil has announced its participation in the 19th International Architecture Exhibition – La Biennale di Venezia, opening on May 10, 2025, with a pavilion curated by the Plano Coletivo group. Architects Luciana Saboia, Eder Alencar, and Matheus Seco will lead the project, focusing on socio-environmental challenges through a multidisciplinary approach that integrates architecture, nature, and social infrastructure. According to Arch Daily , the exhibition, titled "Intelligens," will explore how architectural practices can mediate between natural and built environments, responding to the Biennale's theme proposed by Carlo Ratti. The curatorial team will draw on Brazil's unique relationship with its environments and highlight the potential of collective intelligence to reshape habitation amid socio-environmental crises.

The auction, held by Henry Aldridge & Son in Wiltshire, saw the watch purchased by a private collector in the United States.

Sir Arthur Rostron, then captain of the RMS Carpathia , became a hero when he changed course to race to aid the Titanic after the passenger ship struck an iceberg on April 14, 1912.

Despite the Carpathia being over 50 miles away, Rostron and his crew managed to reach the scene two hours after the Titanic sank, saving more than 700 passengers.

The gold watch was presented to Captain Rostron by three women who had survived the disaster, including the widow of millionaire passenger John Jacob Astor. The other two women were also widows of wealthy businessmen who perished on the Titanic.

The timepiece carries a heartfelt inscription from the three women: "presented to Captain Rostron with the heartfelt gratitude and appreciation of three survivors of the Titanic April 15th 1912 Mrs John B Thayer, Mrs John Jacob Astor and Mrs George D Widener”.

According to the auction house, the watch was given to Rostron at a lunch at the Astor family's mansion in New York City, in recognition of his bravery and leadership during the rescue operation.

"It was presented principally in gratitude for Rostron’s bravery in saving those lives because, without Mr Rostron, those 700 people wouldn’t have made it," Aldridge was quoted by the BBC .

Legendary women street and mural artists including Charmin 65, and JDL street art have made a name in the field and increasingly, it is becoming more attractive for the younger generation.

 Describing what it is like for women who choose this path, Yessi said she found her voice painting vibrant murals that express her experiences as a woman and her unique perspective as an Indonesian artist.

But it wasn’t always an easy decision and journey.

 “Before, I think 5 or 6 years ago, it was like something people expected was just for men. Like why are you doing this? It’s very hot outside. You will get sunburn, you will get dark.”

 “I said like, yeah, I don’t care, but this is what I like. I will do it and I will prove to the world that women can also, you know, be in the men’s world,” she told GSW.

According to her, her initial decision to pursue street art was motivated by her failures in getting recognised by art galleries.

“I tried to look for a different path through street art. Because I tried to apply to so many galleries and then I failed and it made me sad over and over and then I realised I have to do something else. Maybe I can find a chance in street art,” she said.

Today, her murals across countries like Greece, Italy, and Cambodia are telling great stories about women empowerment and body positivity.

Watch the full interview:

Visitors also get to see live tattooing, browse art displays, and even get tattooed. The event also features a Poster Marathon and a Tattoo Competition, where artists display their interpretations of themes like "Tattoo Industry," "Hong Kong Culture," and "Skull."

The exhibition is a hub for creative expression, drawing both local and international participants.

“I have quite a fascination with tattoos and I actually want to get a tattoo fixed up and some stuff added to, that I got last year at this convention,” AFP quoted Chris Perkims, one of the visitors at the event. Many attendees are seeking unique designs, with some hoping to find the perfect tattoo from artists featured at the convention.

Among the tattoo artists attending are Marko Stamenkovic from Thailand, Meow Meow from China, and Sajin from Korea. Local artists like Hana and Tuna are also participating, making the exhibition a diverse and vibrant gathering for tattoo lovers.

Anusha Alamgir fuses creativity and innovation into various forms of arts including architecture, painting and film to develop pieces that address public perception of women and their bodies.

Body as a site

In 2022, Anusha created her first major piece, “Body as a Site”, which focuses on the idea of body architecture.

The work features an inhabitable bodysuit made from everyday materials such as rubber bands, tights, and balloons, aimed at challenging traditional views of a woman's shape and size.

Anusha believes social media, especially for young women, has shaped a specific way people see themselves. Her art, she says, is a way to spark a conversation about body neutrality and accepting the human form for its biological function, free from societal expectations.

“I see that with social media, especially women in the younger generation, they have been conditioned to perceive themselves in a specific way, and I think I am really truly just interested in reshaping the human body to the basis of its basic biology utilities. Truly just accepting body neutrality and I think that the pieces I have made exist as a way to start that conversation,” Anusha revealed in a GSW interview.

Muslim veiling practices

Anusha’s film Porda, that focuses on the practice of veiling has gained international recognition on many platforms including the 2023 Venice Biennale art festival.

The short film highlights the stereotypes that surround the different forms of veiling that exist in different countries and cultures and how women should be able to feel comfortable creating their own versions of veils that are acceptable and comfortable.

“I was trying to create new typologies about the Muslim idea of veiling. And it's interesting because there are so many Muslims that exist in the world but every single culture has a different methodology of veiling,” Anusha told GSW.

“If you look at Somali women, if you look at Malaysian women, if you look at Bangladeshi women, they all have a different methodology of veiling and it’s interesting how these are so curated and unique to the specific geographic regions. There are no written tools of how we should veil the body so I was proposing new ideas of veiling. There’s also a fine line between what we consider acceptable and what we are allowed to create in a way.”

Modes of protection

Anusha also indicated how her work seeks to project new forms of protection for women particularly when they find themselves in dangerous situations. Her pieces aim to empower women by teaching them how to make simple protective items from readily available materials.

“These pieces also serve as modes of protection as in protecting oneself from a police state, modes of aggression, war, colonialism, things that are threatening, and how can we then create things and objects that we can keep in our homes. Modes of production that are very simple for people to use to create some type of body armour that can protect them,” she explained.

Future works

Since graduating from the Royal College of Art in 2022 with a Master’s degree in Architecture, Anusha Alamgir has been focused on producing more work that contributes to important social conversations and advocates for women’s protection. Her next project involves sculptures that explore the life cycle of ships in Bangladesh and Virginia, U.S.A. She hopes her future work continues to challenge societal norms and inspire change.

Watch the full interview here:

The impact of this initiative has been profound. Residents who once felt marginalised and forgotten are now finding a sense of belonging and purpose. According to Sunday Ozegbe, the founder of the Slum Party, the government fixed a bad road in the community which was highlighted through the dance events.

"We decided to shut down this road for our festival this year just to also tell people that dance specifically got the attention of the government to fix this road, and this is one out of many things that dance as an art form can do, not just dancing on Tiktok and Instagram, it actually has real power to attract attention in terms of government, in terms of international bodies to actually come help us when we have problems," he told AFP.

Additionally, the dance events have become a beacon of hope, drawing attention to the potential within the community. They have also helped to reduce crime rates by engaging young people in positive activities and providing them with an outlet for their energy and creativity.

"We are trying to let people understand that you can use your art to change the story, to change the narrative, e.g. music, dance, any kind of art, drawing, painting, even photography. Letting people understand that it is different, making people see that there is talent in the slum. There is talent and you can use your talent to speak, you can use it to fix things and also understand people’s lifestyle," added a dancer, Danjuma Oluwafemi.

The indictment accuses Combs of engaging in decades of sexual abuse and operating a "criminal enterprise" involved in serious crimes, including sex trafficking and forced labour. U.S. Attorney Damian Williams noted that Combs is currently the only individual indicted, but the investigation is ongoing.

According to the charges, Combs allegedly coerced women to participate in "Freak Offs," extended sexual performances with male sex workers that were often filmed and involved narcotics.

The judge denied a request for bail, citing concerns about potential witness intimidation.

Combs's legal issues escalated after singer Cassie filed a lawsuit alleging years of coercive abuse, including rape. Although that case was settled, it led to further allegations against him.

These record-breaking sales highlight these items' immense worth and story as well as reflect the lasting prestige of owning a piece of history.

Here are the five most expensive items ever sold at auction according to the Times of India :

Leonardo da Vinci’s Salvator Mundi ($450.3 Million)

In November 2017, Leonardo da Vinci’s Salvator Mundi was sold at Christie’s in New York for an astonishing $450.3 million, making it the most expensive painting ever sold at auction. This masterpiece, showing Christ as the Savior of the World, is one of fewer than 20 known paintings by da Vinci.

Marie Antoinette’s Pearl Pendant ($36 Million)

Marie Antoinette’s Pearl Pendant was auctioned by Sotheby’s Geneva in November 2018 for $36 million. This exquisite pendant belonged to the French queen and featured a large teardrop pearl beneath a diamond bow. Its dramatic history of being smuggled out of revolutionary France significantly contributed to its high value.

The Codex Leicester by Leonardo da Vinci ($30.8 million )

The Codex Leicester, a collection of scientific writings by Leonardo da Vinci, was purchased by Bill Gates for $30.8 million at Christie’s in November 1994. This manuscript, which covers topics from astronomy to the properties of water, is the most expensive book ever sold at auction. It offers a rare glimpse into the mind of the genius.

Roman-era Statue “Artemis and the Stag” ($28.6 Million)

“Artemis and the Stag,” a bronze sculpture from the early Roman Imperial or Hellenistic period, was sold for $28.6 million at Sotheby’s New York in June 2007. This statue, depicting the Greek goddess of hunting alongside a stag, became the most valuable sculpture ever sold at auction at that time. Its sale raised questions about the deaccessioning practices of museums, as it was sold by the Albright-Knox Art Gallery to secure funds for future acquisitions.

Marilyn Monroe’s “Subway Dress” ($5.6 Million)

Marilyn Monroe’s iconic “Subway Dress” from the film The Seven Year Itch was sold for $5.6 million at an auction in Beverly Hills in June 2011. Designed by William Travilla, the dress is famous for the scene where Monroe stands over a subway grate, and the dress billows up. This piece of Hollywood history fetched a high price due to its cultural significance and Monroe’s legacy.

This is the second article in a three-part series. Click  here to read the first article.

Here are our top 21-40.                          

40. Janine Gutierrez

Janine Gutierrez is a Filipino actress, commercial model, and TV host, who comes from a family of actors. Her parents are Ramon Christopher Gutierrez and Lotlot de Leon.

She began her career in the comedy sitcom “Pepito Manaloto.” “The Woman and The Gun” is one of her popular movies.

Check out her Instagram profile .

39. Ruffa Gutierrez

Ruffa has been in the acting industry for a while. She has ventured into related fields, including modelling, TV hosting, and beauty pageants, including Miss World Asia and Oceania.

She began acting as a teenager and now also produces movies.

Some of her most popular works are “Desperadas,” “Kokey,” and “Desperadas 2.”

Check out her Instagram profile .    

38. Chesca Garcia

Chesca has achieved many feats in her career as an actress.

Her showbiz career started in 1992 when she appeared as a cast member for “Ang TV” with her brother Patrick. Popular movies she has acted in include “Komiks,” “Esperanza,” and “Don’t Give Up on Us.”

Check out her Instagram profile . 

37. Nikko Natividad

Nikko became popular after winning the “Gandang Lalake” segment on ABS-CBN’s noontime variety show “It’s Showtime.” The Filipino actor and former “Pinoy Big Brother” housemate also models and dances.

His top TV series and movies include “Ang Probinsyano,” “Pare, Mahal Mo Raw Ako,” and “Bakwit Boys.”

Check out his Instagram profile .

36. Michelle Dee

Michelle is the 2023 Miss Universe Philippines title holder, an actress, model, and TV host.

As an actress, she is known for “Because I Love You,” “Agimat ng Agila,” and “Mga Lihim ni Urduja.”

Check out her Instagram profile .

35. Awra Briguela

Awra Briguela began her showbiz career as a child star after she was chosen by “FPJ’s Ang Probinsyano” lead actor, Coco Martin.

She is a comedienne and an internet sensation with a huge following on social media.

Her top movies and TV series include “The Super Parental Guardians,” “Here Comes the Groom,” and “Ang Probinsyano.”

Check out her Instagram profile .

34. David Licauco

David Licauco is popular for his acting, endorsements, and entrepreneurial achievements.

He has won awards, including the Inspirational Youth of the Year Award at the 6th Philippine Empowered Men & Women of the Year 2023. His top movies include “Because I Love You” and “Without You.”

Check out his Instagram profile .

33. Xyriel Manabat

Xyriel is a product of the “Star Circle Kid Quest,” a talent search program for children in the Philippines. After emerging as third runner-up, her acting career began as one of the country’s youngest actresses.

Her roles in drama television series, including “100 Days to Heaven” and “Momay,” have earned her some of her best years ever. The young actress also models and shares entertaining content on her Instagram page.

Check out his Instagram profile .

32. Yukii Takahashi

Yukii Takahashi is a young Filipino star who models and is famous on social media.

Her Instagram page usually features her favourite trends and fashion looks. She started acting as a kid in the 2000s. She is known for “Batang Quiapo,” “I Love Lizzy,” and “The Oskars Fantasy.” She is currently signed under Cornerstone Entertainment and is a TikTok star.

Check out her Instagram profile .

31. Jessy Mendiola

Jessy began her acting career in the Philippines at the age of 13.

The United Arab Emirates-born actress has starred in popular Filipino movies and TV series like “Salvage” and “Ang Probinsyano.”

Check out her Instagram profile .

30. Rhian Ramos

Rhian Ramos is an actress, producer, singer, and commercial model. She is known for featuring in movies like “The Promise,” “Ang Panday,” “Silong,” and “Ouija.”

Rhian also enjoys race car driving.

Check out her Instagram profile .

29. Mika Dela Cruz

Mika is a Japanese-born Filipino actress who has worked with the GMA Network after moving from the ABS-CBN Network.

The Filipino star, who has recently left showbiz due to health complications, is known for her roles in “T2,” “Wagas,” and “Eva Fonda.” She also models and sings.

Check out her Instagram profile .

28. Jhong Hilario

After years of hosting the popular TV show “It’s Showtime,” Jhong Hilario decided to pursue politics as a councillor of Makati from its 1st district.

The actor, television host, and “Streetboys” dance group member is living his best life doing a bit of everything he loves. He is known for his roles in movies including “Muro-ami” and “Dynamite Fishing.”

Check out his Instagram profile .

27. Luis Manzano

Luis Manzano was born to popular Filipino actor and actress Edu Manzano and Vilma Santos. He also doubles as a commercial model and a businessman, owning a taxi company, LBR Transport Inc.

His top movies include “In My Life” and “All About Love.”

Check out his Instagram profile .

26. Dingdong Dantes

Dingdong Dantes has a multifaceted personality. His rich acting skills have earned him popularity in the Philippines, and he also hosts many television shows, dances, and models.

He works with the GMA Network as an exclusive talent but manages his own film production company named “AgostoDos Pictures” and is the founding chairman of the “YesPinoy Foundation.” “Rewind” and “Atlantika” are some of his biggest works. As a member of the Philippine Navy, Dantes was also bestowed the rank of lieutenant commander in 2020.

Check out his Instagram profile .

25. Jane Oineza

The former child star of “Goin’ Bulilit” has earned international recognition with nominations for the Emmy Awards and a finalist certificate at the New York Festivals. She started acting at the age of five. Oineza also featured in “Pinoy Big Brother: All In.”

Her top TV series and movies include “Cattleya Killer,” “The Broken Marriage Vow,” and “Us Again.”

Check out her Instagram profile .

24. Coleen Garcia Crawford

Coleen entered the world of showbiz as a child star, featuring in commercials until she decided to join “Star Magic” as an actress.

She is also a television host and has hit movies including “Ex With Benefits” and “Sin Island” to her credit. She has a huge fanbase on Instagram with over 9 million followers.

Check out her Instagram profile .

23. Anne Curtis

Anne Curtis-Smith is popular in the Philippines for her acting and modelling.

The actress has starred in movies including “A Secret Affair,” “No Other Woman,” and “In Your Eyes.” She can also be described as a screen ‘goddess’ and an entrepreneur.

Anne Curtis was featured in Vogue magazine as the Philippines’ most influential personality in 2022. Her Instagram page has several modelling photos and ambassadorial content.

Check out her Instagram profile .

22. Sarah Lahbati

The Swiss-born Filipino actress rose to fame after winning the title of "Ultimate Female Survivor" on the Philippine reality talent competition "StarStruck.”

Her top TV series and movies include “Ikaw Lang Ang Mamahalin,” “Mission Unstapabol: The Don Identity,” and “Kokak.”

She is interactive on social media, sharing content about her personal life and career.

Check out her Instagram profile .

21. Solenn Heussaff

Solenn started her career as a fashion designer and makeup artist but is now one of the Philippines’ biggest actresses and models.

Her showbiz journey began after she joined “Survivor Philippines: Celebrity Showdown.” She is known for her roles in “Temptation Island,” “Yesterday Today Tomorrow,” and “Encantadia.”

On Instagram and her YouTube channel , she shares content about her family, travels, and cooking.

Check out her Instagram profile .

Discover the first part of the list (numbers 1-20) on August 21.

This list was created with the help of Hypeauditor and is based on the Audience Quality Score (AQS). In case of a tie between two or more personalities, we used the engagement rate to establish the order. The keywords used in our search were ' actress,' 'actors' and 'cinema' in the Philippines. We focused on personalities with more than one million followers.

The "Taylor Swift | Songbook Trail" exhibition includes 13 installations spread across the museum's galleries. Each installation represents a different chapter of Swift's career, offering fans a unique glimpse into her artistic journey.

Among the items on display are:

• Cowbow boots worn by Swift during her early career as a country musician.

• Golden microphone used during her "Reputation" stadium tour in 2018.

• Ukulele played on the "Speak Now" world tour.

• Fisherman cap featured on the "Red (Taylor's Version)" album cover.

Curator Kate Bailey and her team had access to Swift's archives to select items for the exhibition. Bailey emphasised the importance of showcasing not only Swift's costumes but also her musical instruments and other objects that convey her creativity and career milestones.

"It's been a really fast-moving project, where I got to select works from the collection," said Bailey. "I wanted to make sure that we were able to showcase costumes, but also musical instruments, objects that kind of convey her whole career and creativity."

The exhibition is designed as a journey through the museum, with each installation carefully placed to connect with significant moments in Swift's career. The trail takes approximately 60-90 minutes to complete and is free to the public. This is the first time these items have been displayed in the UK, making it a must-visit for Swift's fans and music enthusiasts.

"It's the first time we've done a trail in this way. And it's the first time these objects have been seen in the UK. So, it's incredibly exciting and it's free."

"Taylor Swift Songbook Trail" is on display at the V&A South Kensington from June 27 to September 8. The museum estimates the trail takes 60-90 minutes to complete.

The painting was found in the limestone cave of Leang Karampuang in the Maros-Pangkep region of South Sulawesi and portrays a narrative scene: a pig stands still with its mouth partly open, surrounded by figures that appear to be interacting with it.

This discovery challenges the long-held belief that the creative explosion that led to the development of art and science began in Europe. Instead, it suggests that art and storytelling have been a part of human culture for tens of thousands of years and that they likely originated in Africa before spreading to other parts of the world.

"This find reinforces the idea that representational art was first produced in Africa, before 50,000 years ago, and the concept spread as our species spread. If that is true, much new supporting evidence from other areas including Africa has yet to emerge,” said Chris Stringer, an anthropologist at London's Natural History Museum.

“This discovery of very old cave art in Indonesia drives home the point that Europe was not the birthplace of cave art, as had long been assumed. It also suggests that storytelling was a much older part of human history, and the history of art, in particular, than previously recognized,” Griffith University archaeologist Adam Brumm, another of the study’s authors supported.

According to Maxime Aubert, an archaeologist at Australia's Griffith University, the unearthing of the artwork is also significant because it provides evidence of the mental capacity of early humans. Adding that the painting shows a level of sophistication and creativity that was previously unknown in art of this age.

"The earliest Sulawesi rock art is not 'simple'. It is quite advanced and shows the mental capacity of people at the time," Aubert said.

Sarah Guernsey, the museum’s deputy director and senior vice president for curatorial affairs told the Sun-Times , that the museum "Has always said, if we learn new information that leads us to believe we should not have something, we will return it. This is an example of us living up to that commitment.”

The intended repatriation was made possible through ongoing provenance research conducted by the Art Institute of Chicago. A specialist reevaluated the item for nearly eight months, conducting research that included examination, documentation, and a visit to Thailand. Once the specialist determined that the pilaster originated in Thailand, the museum initiated the transfer process.

This is not the first time the Art Institute of Chicago has returned an artefact to Thailand. In 1988 , the museum returned a decorative stone beam featuring the god Vishnu, which had disappeared from a temple in Thailand in the 1960s. The museum subsequently sent two sculptures to the Kingdom of Thailand in 2010, according to the museum.

The latest historical repatriations include the return of 39 artefacts to Uganda by Cambridge University. The university, however, is only lending the artefacts to the owners for three years. Additionally, Oxford University is set to repatriate a venerable bronze sculpture depicting a Hindu poet and saint, dating back half a millennium, to its homeland of India.

Thailand's parliament made history on Tuesday, June 18, passing the landmark marriage equality bill, granting LGBTI+ couples the legal right to marriage and all its associated benefits. This monumental legislation ensures equal rights and recognition for all couples, regardless of gender identity or expression. Human rights organization Fortify Rights urges Thai authorities to take swift and decisive action to implement the law without delay, ensuring that LGBTI+ individuals can exercise their newfound rights without obstacles or discrimination. “Thailand’s new marriage equality law is a triumph for justice and human rights. The journey to this point has been long and fraught with challenges, but today’s vote to ensure marriage equality marks a historic moment that deserves celebration," said Mookdapa Yangyuenpradorn, Human Rights Associate at Fortify Rights as reported by Asia News Network .

Political challenges

Thailand is witnessing a significant week in politics, with four high-stakes cases unfolding. The Constitutional Court is reviewing two notable cases: one seeking to remove Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin from office, and another considering the dissolution of the Move Forward Party. Meanwhile, former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra has been summoned to court on charges of lese majeste related to a 2015 interview. Additionally, the Constitutional Court will decide on the constitutionality of the Organic Act governing senator selection. As reported by The Star , these developments have far-reaching implications, potentially eroding investor confidence, public trust, and national stability, thereby threatening to exacerbate Thailand's already fragile economic situation.

Former PM indicted for 'insulting' monarchy

Thailand's former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, a key supporter of the current government, has been formally charged with lese majeste for allegedly insulting the monarchy in a 2015 interview, according to the attorney general's office. This indictment is the first of four high-profile cases involving prominent political figures, including the current prime minister, set to be heard in court on Tuesday, June 18. According to The Sun , these legal proceedings have the potential to plunge Thailand into a new era of political uncertainty, exacerbating the long-standing divide between the conservative-royalist establishment and opposition parties like Pheu Thai and Move Forward. As Southeast Asia's second-largest economy teeters on the brink of instability, the outcome of these cases could have far-reaching implications for the country's future.

Art Institute of Chicago to return pilaster to Thailand

The Art Institute of Chicago is repatriating a 12th-century pilaster fragment, depicting Krishna lifting Mount Govardhana, to Thailand following rigorous research. Initially attributed to Cambodia, a specialist's thorough eight-month investigation, including examination, documentation, and a site visit, confirmed its origins at Thailand's Phantom Rung temple. The museum promptly contacted the Thai government to share these findings, initiating the artefact's return to its rightful home. “We have always said, if we learn new information that leads us to believe we should not have something, we will return it,” said Sarah Guernsey, the museum’s deputy director and senior vice president for curatorial affairs, in an email to the Sun-Times . “This is an example of us living up to that commitment.”

Tourism fee scrapped

Thailand's government, led by Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin, has abandoned a proposed policy to charge air travellers a tourism fee of 300 baht (US$8.20). The announcement was made by Thavisin on June 8 in Chiang Mai, signalling a shift in strategy for the tourism industry. "The fee ... was abandoned with the rationale that its elimination could encourage higher tourist spending in other areas, thereby providing a more substantial boost to the economy," Thailand's Government Public Relations Department said on its website on Monday, June 10 as reported by Thailand News .

Here are 8 extraordinary African artists making a name for themselves with their unique artistic perspectives:

Chéri Samba

Chéri Samba , a luminary in the art scene from the Democratic Republic of Congo, oscillates his life and work between Kinshasha and Paris. Born in 1956, Samba's oeuvre includes iconic works such as "The Draughtsman" (1981), "Condemnation without Trial" (1989), and "Water Problem" (2004). His artistry has been recognised by prestigious institutions like the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

Julie Mehretu

Julie Mehretu, an Ethiopian-American artist, has been lauded by the New York Times as a trailblazer among contemporary Black female painters, having secured her place in the annals of art history. Her canvases, layered with a spectrum of colours, reflect the fluidity of the sociopolitical landscape. In 2020, Mehretu was honoured in Time's 100 Most Influential People list.

Hassan Hajjaj

Hassan Hajjaj is a Moroccan artist and photographer who captivates viewers with his vibrant portraits that blur the lines between photography and painting. His work, which won him the 2011 Sovereign Middle East and African Art Prize, invites onlookers into a colourful realm of imagination and artistic wonder. Currently, the artistic creations of Hajjaj are featured in the esteemed collections of institutions such as the Brooklyn Museum, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, London's Victoria and Albert Museum, and the Lazaar Foundation in Tunisia, to name a few.

Ibrahim Mahama

Ibrahim Mahama, an impressive Ghanaian artist, is known for his visual narratives created by piecing together vibrant jute sacks. In 2019, he was the youngest talent showcased at the Ghana Pavilion at the Venice Biennale. His 2015 exhibition " All The World’s Futures ," curated by Okwui Enwezor at the 56th International Art Exhibition of the Venice Biennale in Italy, highlighted his innovative approach.

William Kentridge

William Kentridge, the South African genius is revered as a painting master on the African continent. His renowned charcoal drawings impressively depict Africa's echoing history and present. Kentridge is also celebrated for his 90s hand-drawn animated series, which left an indelible mark on the art world.

Wangechi Mutu

Wangechi Mutu, the Kenyan-born artist, has transcended her initial passion for painting to embrace installations , sculpture, collage, and film. Her film "The End of Carrying All" was featured at the Venice Biennale in 2015. Now a New York resident, Mutu's art fiercely addresses the global issue of violence against women.

Njideka Akunyili Crosby

Njideka Akunyili Crosby, originally from Nigeria , relocated to the US in 1999. Her art is deeply infused with Nigerian history and culture, a testament to her heritage. In 2017, she was awarded the prestigious MacArthur Fellowship Genius grant and later created a mural for the Museum of Contemporary Art on Grand Avenue in Los Angeles.

El Anatsui

El Anatsui, the Ghanaian sculptor, gained international acclaim for his ingenious transformation of bottle tops into expansive, luminous installations. His art, which involves stitching together aluminium bottle caps from recyclable drink containers was recently showcased in the "Behind the Red Moon" exhibition at Tate Britain, from October 17, 2023, to April 14, 2024.

Confirmation of his record-breaking feat came through a letter from Guinness World Records. A part of it read , “We are thrilled to inform you that your application for Youngest artist (male) has been successful and you are now the Guinness World Records Title Holder!"

Ace Liam's journey to the record began with his art exhibitions in Accra from January 18 to January 20, 2024.

Liam ended the reign of Dante Lamb, who had held the record since 2003 when he achieved it at the age of three.

Ace Liam's mother, Chantelle Eghan, expressed her gratitude to the people of Ghana for their support throughout her son's attempt. She said that Liam's artistic journey started at the young age of just six months.

Liam’s record contributes to Ghana's growing list of Guinness World Record titles, following closely on the heels of Abubakar Tahiru , a 29-year-old who recently claimed the record for the most trees hugged in an hour.

Expressing his ambition to establish himself as a recognized artist, Ahaghotu shared, “ I came to the United States to pursue my dreams and build up my career as a recognized artist. Breaking the record will boost my recognition as an artist both in my school and the world at large.”

The four-day marathon, monitored by Guinness World Records adjudicators, saw Ahaghotu create 106 diverse paintings, ranging from celebrities and food to plants and animals.

“One thing I love about the paintings I created is that they were representing my different moods and how I was feeling when I created them,” Ahaghotu was quoted by GWR .

“As with all ‘longest marathon’ records, the challenger is permitted a five-minute rest break for every continuous hour of activity – these rest breaks can be accumulated if not taken. They were the only times Chancellor could use the bathroom, eat, or sleep,” GWR said on their website.

When he surpassed the 60 th hour, he painted a broken record player, GWR added.

Chancellor faced fatigue around the 88-hour mark but remained committed to reaching his target of 100 hours. He expressed his joy and a sense of personal achievement upon completing the 100 hours, stating, “This record helps me feel a very high level of personal achievement, build up my career as a reputable artist, and pay a service to my school and country.”

The artwork achieved a record-breaking amount of $9.5 million, excluding fees, marking another triumph for Mehretu. This accomplishment comes on the heels of her recent success at the Sotheby's Hong Kong contemporary evening sale on October 5.

During that event, her Untitled diptych from 2001 fetched $9.32 million (including fees), surpassing the prior record set by South African artist Marlene Dumas in 2008.

Mehretu produced "Walkers With the Dawn and Morning" as a contribution to an exhibition addressing the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. Featured in the 2008 showcase at the New Orleans Museum of Art, the painting features ink and acrylic on canvas and derives its name from a Langston Hughes poem dating back to the 1920s, according to local media Fana Broadcasting Corporate.

52-year-old Julie Mehretu was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and relocated to the United States with her family in 1977. Since then, she has risen to prominence as a key figure in the rapidly expanding contemporary African art scene.

She first gained significant recognition with her inaugural six-figure sale at the Lehman Brothers' bankruptcy auction in 2010 .

The sale of this artwork reflects the increasing enthusiasm for contemporary African art.

"We are transitioning beyond the initial phase to a more discerning stage," noted Hannah O'Leary, head of Sotheby's modern and contemporary African art department, in a recent interview with the Art Newspaper .

Mehretu has also been selected to design BMW's next Art Car participating in the 24 Hours Le Mans race next year.

It’s a new kind of art in the country and Tazerout, under the theme “Eclosion de verre” which translates to “breaking open of glass”, is showcasing this at the Mohamed-Temmam Arts Gallery of the Arts and Culture Establishment in Algeria.

Imploring the chiaroscuro technique, borrowed from classical painting on broken glass, the artist uses small hammers as tools for sculpting and engraving the portraits.

“This technique is quite difficult to master. It also gives a profound result. I try to draw the souls of the face while highlighting the duality between shadow and light,” he told Algerian-based El Moudjahid .

He has a total of 20 works including “Black Panther”, "Glass Teeth", "The Girl with a Pearl Earring", Rouiched", "Aznavour", "Melancholy", "Cat", "Portrait of a Black Woman", "Parrot" and " Mohamed Issiakhem".

Tazerout seeks not only to create unique art but also to create an exceptional experience for patrons of his work.

“I collect photos that inspire me and I transcribe them onto glass, making a few adjustments. I sometimes try to accentuate the shadow and light with acrylic, but the aim is to reach a level where only the glass expresses itself,” El Moudjahid quotes Tazeout.

He intends to explore the landscape with his art.

“The juxtaposition of glass fragments creates a striking visual and emotional duality. Light and dark collide to reveal the depth of every face I depict, every story I tell. Each shard of broken glass is a note in symphony of emotions and each portrait is a unique melody,” he is quoted to have said.

Tazerout has a degree in computer graphics from the National Institute specializing in Graphic Arts and Industries (INSIAG).

The artwork was launched on Saturday, November 11 and will be visible till November 21.

The painting portrays a woman adorned in the Florentine fashion of her days and set against a picturesque mountainous backdrop. Characterized by gentle, intricate shading, this masterpiece is celebrated for the Mona Lisa's captivating and enigmatic countenance, which conveys an intriguing blend of allure and detachment, bestowing upon the portrait its worldwide renown.

There are many interesting details about this work of art :

1.    The neglected chair: While the Mona Lisa is celebrated for her enigmatic smile, the chair on which she sits often goes unnoticed. This seemingly insignificant object holds hidden significance.

2.    A lifelong work: Leonardo da Vinci continuously worked on the Mona Lisa until his death in 1519, viewing its evolution as the essence of the artwork itself.

3.    The enigmatic smile: The mysterious allure of Mona Lisa's smile has captivated art enthusiasts for centuries, making it a topic of fascination and even obsession.

4.    Beyond the smile: Some critics, like Walter Pater, argue that the true allure of the painting lies in the delicacy with which her hands and eyelids are depicted, creating a sense of eternal flux.

5.    A fluid presence: The painting's aquatic imagery and Mona Lisa's placement on a "little well" chair suggest a connection to flowing waters, making her an integral part of the landscape she inhabits.

6.    Spiritual complexity: The incorporation of the "little well" symbol transforms the painting into a spiritually complex piece, moving beyond a mere secular portrait and inviting comparisons to historical portrayals of women "at the well" in Western art.