Semafor reports that, Kenyan officials have approved a phased return to legal cross-border commerce, including the resumption of exports through three designated border points, following a decision ratified in February.

A major driver behind the shift has been pressure from the khat industry. Khat, a stimulant leaf grown in Kenya and widely consumed in Somalia, is legal in both countries, but the border shutdown forced Kenyan traders to rely heavily on air shipments, increasing costs and squeezing farmers’ earnings.

Producers and trade rs have argued that moving khat by road would cut transport costs, reduce reliance on middlemen and cartels that emerged around the air-export trade, and revive local economies that depend on border commerce.

High-ranking military officials responsible for counterterrorism operations from both countries met in Cotonou on 27 February to discuss future collaboration. 

The proposed plan includes coordinated border patrols, joint military operations, intelligence sharing and increased monitoring of cross-border movement. Further discussions on the measures are expected later in March.

According to Héni Nsaibia, senior West Africa analyst at the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data group (ACLED), the border area linking Benin, Niger and Nigeria has emerged as a new focus of jihadist activity since 2025.

“Due to very weak border security and coordination between concerned states, seeing Benin and Nigeria reinforcing their cooperation is particularly relevant,” he told RFI .

According to his research for ACLED, incidents involving jihadist groups in Benin’s Alibori and Borgou departments, Dosso in Niger, and Nigeria’s Sokoto, Kebbi, Niger and Kwara states increased by 86% between 2024 and 2025. Deaths linked to these incidents rose by 262% during the same period.

Jihadist groups Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) and the Islamic State in the Sahel have historically operated mainly in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. However, their activities are increasingly spreading into West Africa’s coastal states.

Founded in Mali in 2017, JNIM has become the main jihadist group in the central Sahel. Since 2019, the al-Qaeda affiliate has also carried out attacks in countries along the Gulf of Guinea, including Côte d’Ivoire, Benin and Togo.

Nsaibia noted that last year, JNIM also claimed responsibility for an attack on Nigerian territory for the first time.

He said the increase in violence can be attributed to “limited state presence” and weakened regional cooperation after Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger withdrew from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) following military coups in the three countries.

Security officials say cross-border cooperation will be essential to address the threat.

Senior advisor to Nigeria's President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, Sunday Dare, said, because of "the porosity of the borders, we've had armed trafficking, we've had criminal gangs, we've had Boko Haram, we've had ISIS and other groups."

Dare said the Nigerian president is committed to strengthening relations with Benin and other neighbouring countries to support both security and economic cooperation.

“Just last month, he opened the borders to not just Benin, but also Niger, and that has improved relations,” Dare said.

Another meeting is scheduled to take place in Benin before the end of March to advance the draft military memorandum.

Nsaibia added that other countries in the region are also strengthening security cooperation.

“We have also seen in the past weeks that Ghana and Burkina Faso have taken similar steps. From a regional perspective, these borders are most exposed to jihadist violence, and I think it makes sense for these countries to have these types of rapprochement between each other.”

Reports from the ground indicate that explosions were heard in the Afghan capital early in the day, with both sides offering sharply different accounts of the damage and casualties.

Pakistan’s information minister, Attaullah Tarar, said the strikes killed 133 Afghan Taliban officials and wounded more than 200 others. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said the armed forces were capable of crushing aggressors, while Defence Minister Khawaja Mohammad Asif described the situation as “open war.”

Kabul, however, rejected Pakistan’s account. 

Afghanistan’s defence ministry said 55 Pakistani soldiers were killed in Thursday night’s border clashes and that 19 Pakistani posts and two bases were destroyed. It reported eight Afghan soldiers killed and 11 wounded.

After months of tension

This latest fighting follows months of tit-for-tat violence despite a Qatar-mediated ceasefire agreed in 2025. 

Border crossings have largely remained shut since deadly clashes in October that left more than 70 people dead on both sides. 

Residents near the Torkham crossing have again been evacuated, and local authorities reported civilian casualties, including women and children .

At the heart of the dispute is Pakistan’s accusation that Afghanistan is failing to curb militant groups operating from its soil, particularly Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). 

Islamabad said the group has intensified attacks in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. Afghan officials insist the TTP issue is an internal Pakistani matter.

Border factor

Tensions have deep historical roots, as the two countries share a 2,611-kilometre frontier known as the Durand Line, a colonial-era boundary that Kabul has never formally recognised. The line divides Pashtun communities and remains politically sensitive.

After the Taliban returned to power in Kabul in 2021, many in Pakistan expected a friendly administration. During the insurgency against US-led forces, Taliban leaders had found sanctuary in Pakistani border regions. 

Yet relations have deteriorated as the Afghan Taliban have sought greater autonomy and resisted Pakistani pressure over militant groups.

Continued cross-border strikes risk deepening instability in a region already strained by militancy, economic fragility and diplomatic isolation. 

The United Nations has called for restraint, though it has so far failed to halt the slide towards a broader confrontation.

Thailand’s gross domestic product surpassed forecasts in the fourth quarter of 2025, driven primarily by strong performance in the industrial and retail sectors. The briefing notes that full-year economic growth reached 2.4%, supported by investment momentum and targeted electric vehicle incentives. Government stimulus measures and rising exports also contributed to the stronger-than-expected performance. The data reflect a broader recovery pattern, with industrial output and domestic consumption playing central roles. Export growth and state-led economic stimulus were key pillars underpinning the expansion.

Investment momentum and EV incentives shape economic recovery

Thailand’s economy ended 2025 stronger than expected, boosting confidence in the new government. Data from the NESDC showed GDP grew 2.5% year-on-year in the fourth quarter, up from 1.2% in Q3 and above market forecasts. Investment drove the late-year rebound, jumping 8.1% in the fourth quarter, the fastest pace since 2016 and up from 1.4% in Q3. Private investment rose 6.5%, led by spending on industrial machinery and office equipment as business confidence improved. The government’s EV 3.0 incentive scheme also spurred demand, with consumers rushing to buy electric vehicles before subsidies expired, lifting durable goods spending 12.2%. Overall household consumption grew 3.3%, supported by low inflation and loose monetary policy despite high household debt.

Demographic shift towards an ageing society pressures labour and welfare systems

Thailand’s population growth has slowed to 0.42% , the lowest rate since the census began, according to preliminary results from the National Statistical Office’s 2025 population and household census. The 12th population census and sixth household census recorded 70.3 million people and 26.3 million households. While the population is still rising, growth is slowing sharply, with annual births significantly down compared with previous years.

Security operations intensify along the northern and eastern borders

Smuggling syndicates along the Malaysia–Thailand border in Kelantan have shifted tactics, using sea routes and landing along the Kelantan River after tighter security at the Golok River. PGA Southeast Brigade Commander SAC Ahmad Radzi Hussain said syndicates are now bringing illegal immigrants by boat through tributaries to remote villages away from monitoring posts. Between Jan 1 and February 13, the PGA arrested 84 illegal immigrants (75 men, nine women). The largest group were Myanmar nationals (31), followed by Bangladeshis (19), Thais (17), Nepalis (10), Indians (4), Indonesians (2), and one Nigerian.

Government sets 2026 export targets

Thailand’s Commerce Ministry is aiming for Bt142bn in exports in 2026 through about 700 initiatives. Sunanta Kangvalkulkij said the plan could support over 294,500 Thai businesses. Measures include online promotion via thaitrade.com, trade fairs, business matching, overseas outreach, and franchise support. A US trade mission will run from February 24–28, with firms such as Otis McAllister Inc. joining talks on boosting Thai exports. In March, the Thailand’s Best Friend Project will honour around 20 major global importers, while the Special Task Force Project will target new markets including China, India, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, plus Africa and Latin America.

The committee said Cambodian families remained unable to go back to their homes because Thai troops continued to occupy parts of the border, actions it described as unlawful. 

It alleged that civilian houses had been destroyed and access routes sealed off using shipping containers and barbed wire.

According to the CHRC, such measures violate provisions agreed during the third Special General Border Committee meeting, including guarantees to protect civilian property and facilitate the safe and dignified return of residents displaced by the fighting.

In its appeal to Paula Gaviria Betancur, the UN special rapporteur based in Geneva, the committee said the destruction of homes and seizure of civilian property amounted to serious breaches of international humanitarian law, citing the Geneva Conventions and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights .

The statement warned that the humanitarian impact was falling disproportionately on vulnerable groups, with women, children and older people facing increased risks linked to poverty, interrupted schooling and reduced access to healthcare.

The CHRC called on the UN to raise the issue directly with Bangkok, press for an end to what it described as ongoing obstructions and demand the withdrawal of Thai forces from Cambodian territory. 

It also sought international advocacy for reparations and compensation for those displaced.

The move comes as Cambodia increasingly turns to international legal mechanisms. 

On Friday, the country unanimously approved a draft law to ratify the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, a step that will place Phnom Penh within a global framework for resolving disputes under international law once the legislation is formally ratified and submitted to the UN.

Brig Gen Nid Narong, Deputy Chief of Staff of Cambodia’s Military Region 4 and chairman of the secretariat of the Cambodia-Thailand Regional Border Committee, said troops had been burning rubbish collected during a base reorganisation when an unexploded munition detonated.

The incident took place at 7.27 a.m. on Tuesday in Preah Vihear province, an area that has long been sensitive because of its proximity to the disputed border.

According to the letter, a leftover DKZ munition was mixed in with the rubbish pile and exploded during the burning process, injuring two Cambodian soldiers, one seriously and one slightly.

The blast was loud enough to alarm Thai troops stationed nearby, prompting concerns that gunfire or shelling had resumed along the border, where tensions have periodically flared despite formal ceasefire agreements.

Cambodian officials said the clarification was issued to prevent any misunderstanding from escalating into a wider incident between the two militaries.

Nid expressed condolences over the injuries and stressed that the explosion took place within Cambodia’s sovereign territory, with no hostile intent towards Thailand.

He reiterated Cambodia’s commitment to resolving border issues peacefully and in accordance with international law, and said its forces continued to respect the ceasefire and related agreements.

These include documents signed on July 28 and October 26 last year, as well as a joint document from the third special meeting of the Cambodia–Thailand General Border Committee on December 27.

The Cambodian side said the priority now was to restore calm quickly and ensure peace, stability and safety for communities living along both sides of the border.

DR Congo and Rwanda

In Washington, Trump hosted a summit where the leaders of DR Congo and Rwanda signed what he hailed as a “historic” peace accord. But analysts quickly noted the document merely endorsed a June agreement that had already failed to halt the conflict.

Clashes were intensifying even ahead of the ceremony, with M23 rebels expanding their control in eastern DR Congo. Both Kinshasa and Kigali accused each other of violating ceasefire terms, and there was no public handshake between Presidents Félix Tshisekedi and Paul Kagame, whose tense relations underscored the deal’s fragility.

Within days, Rwandan Foreign Minister Olivier Nduhungirehe refused to commit to any troop withdrawal, insisting Rwanda had none in DR Congo. This, despite UN experts saying Rwandan forces were effectively directing M23 operations.

On the ground , M23 seized major cities, artillery pounded eastern provinces, and residents fled into Burundi. Even as Trump praised the summit as “a great day,” rebel advances continued, and regional officials warned the deal’s collapse was a humiliation for Washington.

Thailand and Cambodia

A similar pattern emerged in Southeast Asia . 

In July, Trump pushed Thailand and Cambodia into a border ceasefire . Bangkok agreed reluctantly; Phnom Penh openly welcomed US involvement.

But the truce unraveled within months. Clashes erupted after a Thai engineering team came under fire. Since then, Thai and Cambodian forces have traded artillery, rockets and air strikes along the border, prompting repeated evacuations of communities.

Thailand accused Cambodia of laying new landmines that maimed several soldiers, while refusing to release troops captured during the July clashes. Cambodia, meanwhile, portrayed itself as the aggrieved party and sought international support.

Domestic politics amplified tensions. Thailand’s military was given free rein to “finish the job,” while Cambodia’s leadership took actions that deepened mistrust, including leaking a sensitive phone call that toppled Thailand’s Shinawatra government.

With both sides showing no signs of stopping, it has become apparent that Trump-brokered ceasefire never addressed the root disputes. 

Bangkok repeatedly said it was not ready for new diplomacy until Cambodia showed “sincerity,” leaving the agreement effectively dead.

Taken together, the DR Congo–Rwanda and Thai-Cambodian cases show a consistent pattern: Trump secured highly publicised signing ceremonies, but the underlying conflicts continued almost immediately.

It also raised questions about whether Trump’s rushed deals ever had a genuine chance at peace.

“Thailand’s reported air strikes along its disputed border with Cambodia sound alarming, and they are,” he said, noting that such confrontations between ASEAN neighbours are rare and increase the risk of miscalculation. He insisted, however, that “a full-scale regional war is still very unlikely.”

Contreras’ statement comes after Thailand confirmed on Monday that it had carried out air strikes on Cambodian positions after accusing Phnom Penh of breaching a ceasefire brokered earlier this year. 

One Thai soldier was killed and eight others wounded, prompting the Air Force to deploy aircraft “to deter and reduce Cambodia's military capabilities,” according to a Thai army statement.

Cambodia rejected the accusations and said Thailand launched dawn attacks at two locations following “provocative actions.” Its defence ministry insisted Cambodian forces had “not responded,” even as three civilians were reported seriously wounded. Former leader Hun Sen called Thailand the “aggressors” and urged Cambodian troops to exercise restraint.

Contreras stressed that the clashes remain geographically limited. “The conflict is localized,” he said, explaining that the fighting is confined to long-contested border areas with a history of flare-ups. “There is no sign of nationwide mobilization from either side.”

He also pointed out limitations of both Thailand's and Cambodia’s militaries and economies.

“Neither military is built for prolonged interstate war,” he said. Both armies are primarily oriented toward internal security and border defence, making extended conflict “neither feasible nor desirable.”

“Economies, especially Thailand’s, can’t afford escalation,” he added, noting that tourism is a vital component of Thailand’s economy and that reports of “air strikes” alone can alarm visitors.

Regional and international actors are also likely to act to prevent escalation. Contreras noted incentives for the United States , China, and neighbouring governments to pressure both sides into dialogue. ASEAN Chair Anwar Ibrahim has already urged “maximum restraint.”

Contreras said urgent diplomatic intervention is needed, but the risk of a full-scale regional war remains low. 

“This is concerning and needs quick diplomatic intervention, but a debilitating Thailand–Cambodia war that destabilizes the region is still highly unlikely. Economic pressure, ASEAN dynamics, and political reality all point toward de-escalation rather than war,” he said.

In a session of the National Citizen Security Council, José Jerí rejected any responsibility for the current rise in criminality, instead placing the blame on previous government s and several former Interior Ministers. He argued that structural failures inherited from past administrations created today’s security crisis. Jerí insisted that his government is working to reverse this deterioration and promised that the current administration will leave a meaningful “legacy” in the field of citizen security. He reiterated that current challenges stem from long-standing institutional weaknesses rather than recent decisions.

Presidential candidate Rafael Belaúnde survives attack on his vehicle

Rafael Belaúnde, presidential candidate for Libertad Popular, was wounded when gunmen fired at his vehicle in Cerro Azul, leaving the car with multiple bullet impacts. Despite the severity of the attack, Belaúnde was not seriously injured and has begun formal procedures by filing a police report. The incident has fuelled concern about political violence during an already contentious pre-electoral period. The attack occurs as Peru moves towards the 2026 elections, heightening fears over the safety of candidates and the broader democratic environment.

Peru calls for calm over disputed Peru-Chile border territory

Amid rising public debate over the precise definition of the Peru–Chile border, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a formal statement clarifying the government’s position on territorial limits. The statement seeks to ease tensions and reinforce Peru’s official interpretation amid renewed scrutiny of the boundary line. Authorities emphasise that border issues require responsible handling to protect diplomatic stability. The episode highlights the sensitivity of territorial matters in the relationship between the two neighbouring countries.

Landslide in Iparia leaves at least 12 dead, dozens missing

A major landslide struck the fluvial port of Iparia in the Ucayali region, causing a section of the riverbank to collapse and dragging two boats underwater. At least 12 people, including children, were confirmed dead, while dozens more — among them Indigenous residents, medical workers and teachers — remain missing. The disaster has prompted urgent rescue efforts as authorities and families await updates. The scale of the incident has shocked local communities and intensified calls for improved disaster-risk prevention in riverine areas.

Agrarian exports surge 212 %

Peru’s agrarian exports expanded by an estimated 212% over the past nine months, reaching nearly US$9.8 billion, according to industry data. This growth is largely attributed to strong international demand for high-value products such as avocados, blueberries, cocoa and fresh grapes. The increase reflects sustained momentum in the country’s agricultural sector despite broader economic uncertainty. Analysts view the performance as a sign of renewed dynamism, reinforcing the importance of agro-exports in Peru’s external trade.

Thailand has closed several border crossings in Tak province after heavy fighting escalated on November 30 between the Karen National Union’s Brigade 6 and Myanmar military forces in Myawaddy, opposite Mae Sot. Both sides exchanged sustained 60mm and 120mm mortar fire and drone-dropped explosives through the night. Five mortar rounds landed in Thailand, injuring two Myanmar nationals, though no direct damage to Thai communities was reported. The Naresuan Task Force ordered a seven-day shutdown of crossing points, with only the Thai-Myanmar Friendship Bridge 1 remaining open. Thai troops and border police have been deployed and warned they will retaliate if further fire crosses into Thailand.

Anutin confirms House dissolution by January 31

Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul said Monday that Parliament will be dissolved by January 31, 2026, reaffirming the government’s timeline and denying rumours of delaying tactics tied to a no-confidence motion. He dismissed claims of mismanagement over the Hat Yai floods, saying the government acted decisively to assist affected communities and criticism was based on misinformation. Anutin said politics should pause during the recovery effort and warned that dissolving the House amid an emergency would hinder aid. Responding to a NIDA poll showing his support at 15% in the South, he said he was satisfied with the figure and not competing with Democrat leader Abhisit Vejjajiva.

PM2.5 hits hazardous levels in 48 Bangkok districts

Bangkok recorded hazardous air pollution levels on Monday morning, with PM2.5 concentrations in the red zone across 48 districts, according to the Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency. Data from its Check Foon app at 6 a.m. showed five provinces nationwide in the red category and 41 in the orange level, where pollution begins to affect vulnerable groups. A three-hour forecast predicts persistent red and orange conditions. The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration reported an average PM2.5 reading of 45 µg/m³ at 7am, above the national safety limit of 37.5 µg/m³. Authorities warned dust levels may worsen and urged residents to wear protective masks.

Anutin sets two-week deadline to restore Hat Yai after flood crisis

Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul said Hat Yai has entered its post-flood recovery phase, with power, water and clean-up operations being accelerated to enable residents to return home quickly. After meeting business leaders on November 30, he said utilities are being restored and solid waste removal mobilised with support from military, government and private machinery. The Provincial Electricity Authority has been ordered to fix household electrical damage urgently. Anutin set a target of seven days for residents to move back and 14 days to fully clean the city, adding that officials have the authority to hire contractors to speed debris removal.

Second Army to sue over fake claims of Cambodian troop incursion

The Second Army Area has denied social-media rumours that Cambodian soldiers crossed into Thai territory and seized land around In Sri cliff in Ban Kruat district, Buri Ram, saying field checks found no evidence of any incursion. Border Patrol Police Company 216 and local officials inspected the remote site on Monday and reported no troop movements, terrain changes or construction activity. Satellite imagery also showed no sign of Cambodian military presence. Authorities said the area remains dense forest and poses no threat to border communities. The army is preparing legal action under the Computer Crime Act against those who posted the false claims.

Hegseth praised the deployment of Stryker platoons working alongside US Border Patrol agents as part of efforts to tighten security along the Mexican border, framing the operations as essential to protecting national safety. The secretary also announced the new Defence Medal, intended to formally recognise personnel serving in these missions.

The comments come amid rising tensions with Mexico, whose president, Claudia Sheinbaum, has reiterated that the country will not permit the deployment of US troops on its territory under the banner of anti-narcotics operations. Despite this, multiple US media outlets report that Washington has already begun planning for a mission that would send American troops and intelligence officers into Mexico to target cartel networks more directly.

Meanwhile, Washington has acknowledged carrying out dozens of strikes on alleged Venezuela n drug-smuggling vessels since September, in operations that have reportedly killed at least 70 people. Venezuela has denied the accusations of trafficking and dismissed the military actions as “imperialist”, accusing the United States of pursuing destabilisation and attempting to force political change in the country.

The move follows violent confrontations earlier this month in which Thai forces clashed with Cambodian demonstrators near Sa Kaeo province.

Cambodian officials said at least 23 of their nationals were injured, while Thailand reported injuries to five of its officers. Phnom Penh has accused Bangkok of violating its territory, escalating tensions despite a fragile ceasefire brokered in July.

The shutdown threatens $3 billion in annual cross-border trade and leaves tens of thousands of Cambodian migrant workers stranded. It also risks destabilising ASEAN’s efforts to mediate, with both the United States and China urging restraint.

Pressure is rising from outside as well. The UN Security Council called an emergency meeting in July, with all 15 members calling for restraint. Norway, Pakistan, and Russia issued new pleas, and ASEAN’s General Border Committee will meet in October with hopes of finding a way forward. However, with Cambodia reaching out to the ICJ and Thailand pushing for direct talks instead, any solution still feels far off.

Border disputes between Thailand and Cambodia, rooted in century-old territorial ambiguities near temple sites such as Preah Vihear, have flared repeatedly, most recently between 2008 and 2011.

As in the recently concluded UN General Assembly, the Gaza conflict will likely dominate any encounter with the US president. Trump has positioned himself as a broker pushing Israel toward a ceasefire, but his close ties to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu complicate regional perceptions.

Malaysia’s Communications Minister, Fahmi Fadzil, said the summit provides ASEAN with a rare chance to directly confront Washington on the issue.

"Some have asked why a clearer message (of support for Palestine) wasn't sent by not inviting (Trump),” he said. "Actually, it would be easy for us to 'boycott' (the US), but the Prime Minister's (Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim) approach in many matters is that we need dialogue.”

"This is the most appropriate time to invite the US President. In addition to Malaysia stating its position, it gives other (summit) member countries the space to interact with and express their views to the US President," he continued.

Earlier this month, all ASEAN states backed a UN resolution reaffirming a two-state solution to the Israel-Palestine conflict, while Washington was among just 10 countries voting against.

Trade, US tariffs

Malaysia’s decision to extend an invitation to Trump may be rooted in trade realities: the United States is now Malaysia’s largest export market, overtaking China. Bilateral trade has nearly doubled over the past decade, reaching $78.3 billion in 2022.

Across the region, however, China remains ASEAN’s dominant partner , holding that position for 16 consecutive years. In the first seven months of 2025 alone, trade between China and ASEAN climbed to $597 billion, an 8.2% increase from the previous year.

In terms of overall strategic partnership, the US still holds an edge over China . A recent survey found 52.3% of Southeast Asian respondents favouring Washington as a long-term partner, compared with 47.7% for Beijing. These findings, however, came before Trump announced sweeping new tariffs, which have weighed heavily on ASEAN economies:

Regional defence

If and when Trump attends the October summit, regional defence will also be one of the main points expected to be raised with him. According to a Lowy Institute study, the US is Southeast Asia’s preferred military partner , specifically for joint exercises. 

Trump has already drawn himself directly into ASEAN disputes. In July, when border clashes flared between Cambodia and Thailand , the self-styled anti-war leader stepped in to mediate.

A 26 July phone call from Trump to the leaders of both countries helped break a deadlock in negotiations. Two days later, a ceasefire was signed in Malaysia, ending some of the heaviest fighting between the neighbours in years.

Cambodia has since nominated Trump for the Nobel Peace Prize, citing his “historic contributions in advancing world peace.”

But the truce remains fragile. Thailand is still under a transitional government led by Anutin Charnvirakul, after former premier Paetongtarn Shinawatra was ousted on ethics charges linked in part to the border dispute.

Bangkok is now weighing the possibility of a referendum on whether to revoke two long-standing border agreements with Cambodia as a way to defuse tensions.

The move follows rising concern over online fraud schemes operated from Poipet, a Cambodian town bordering Thailand’s Sa Kaeo province.

“This is a big step to protect Thai citizens from scammers,” said NBTC Deputy Secretary-General Trairat Viriyasirikul at a press conference.

Under the new regulations, telecom companies have been directed to terminate all data and voice services within 15 days in border areas, particularly near the Khlong Luek crossing. Internet access will be restricted in inland towns, with telcos also required to submit SIM card sales data every 15 days and justify any cross-border services with detailed documentation.

The decision comes in response to the growing threat of transnational cybercrime, which Thai police say has declined slightly since enforcement began. Officials, however, note limited cooperation from Cambodian authorities. “We have identified major scam hubs in Poipet, but Cambodia has done little to intervene,” said Pol Gen Thatchai Pitaneelaboot, inspector-general of the Royal Thai Police.

International concerns over Cambodia’s role

An Amnesty International report released on June 26 accuses Cambodia of allowing its territory to become a haven for organised cybercrime. The 18-month investigation revealed that many scam centres, of which 53 were identified in the country, operate like detention facilities, guarded with razor wire and armed personnel, with many victims trafficked from abroad, who have faced forced labour, torture, and abuse.

“Cambodia is allowing a billion-dollar shadow economy to flourish,” said Amnesty Secretary-General Agnes Callamard. The report estimates that Cambodia’s scam industry generates over $12.5 billion annually, nearly half of the country’s GDP.

One survivor, an 18-year-old Thai woman named Lisa, was promised a hotel job but instead was trafficked to Phnom Penh and beaten for trying to escape. “They told me they’d keep beating me until I stopped screaming,” she recalled.

Diplomatic fallout

Cambodia has remained silent on both Amnesty’s findings and Thailand’s internet shutdown. Earlier this year, Prime Minister Hun Manet set up a cybercrime task force, but its actions have been limited. Critics say powerful elites, including Cambodian politicians, are complicit in or benefit from the scam economy.

With over 200,000 people believed to be trafficked into scam networks across Myanmar and Cambodia, international pressure is mounting. The U.S. and China have both urged Phnom Penh to act, but few arrests or closures have followed.

According to Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra, only people with essential needs, including students, patients, and traders, will be allowed to cross land borders.

She added that the restrictions aim to stop travellers heading to Cambodian casinos but are expected to affect all tourist traffic.

“We must protect our country’s interests and prevent any activities that could be used against us,” Paetongtarn said.

The Thai military confirmed that the restrictions apply at all land border points in five provinces bordering Cambodia.

Meanwhile, Cambodia has cut some Thai internet services and stopped importing fuel and electricity from Thailand.

The country previously relied on Thailand for about a third of its fuel supply.

Thailand is also looking into broader sanctions to target cybercrime networks allegedly operating from Cambodia.

Paetongtarn said Thailand may block exports linked to scam centres and will work with other countries to clamp down on criminal activity in the region.

Earlier this year, Thailand took similar steps against scam operations in Myanmar.

The announcement followed a two-day meeting in Phnom Penh of the Thai-Cambodian Joint Boundary Commission (JBC), a body set up to negotiate border issues.

Cambodian officials said they would take the disputes regarding the Emerald Triangle and three ancient temples, Ta Muen Thom, Ta Muen Toch, and Ta Kwai, to the UN’s top court, even though Thailand has objected to this approach.

Cambodia's Minister in charge of Border Affairs, Lam Chea, told the Thai side that the decision was based on a desire for a fair and lasting legal solution.

According to him, the move would no longer allow the four contested areas to be discussed in future JBC meetings.

Despite the disagreement, both sides said the meeting had been held in a friendly atmosphere and agreed to continue working together on other parts of the 800-kilometre border.

This includes placing boundary markers and carrying out joint land surveys in areas not under dispute.

Cambodia says its claims are based on maps drawn at a 1:200,000 scale in line with treaties signed with France and Siam (now Thailand) in the early 1900s.

It has rejected any alternative maps used by Thailand, saying they are the root cause of repeated tensions.

Thailand has not accepted the ICJ’s role in the matter and says the issue should be solved through existing bilateral mechanisms.

The two countries agreed to meet again in September 2025, with Thailand hosting the next JBC session. Both sides also continue to work together through military and security committees to reduce tensions and manage cross-border cooperation.

The border issue has been sensitive for decades, with past disputes occasionally sparking armed clashes.

On May 28, a Cambodian soldier was killed in a skirmish near the contested border area.

The incident has revived long-standing tensions between the two Southeast Asian nations, which have seen periodic confrontations along their 800-kilometre frontier.

Border disputes between Thailand and Cambodia date back decades, fuelled by conflicting territorial claims and historical grievances.

Talks were held over the weekend in an effort to de-escalate the situation, and both countries agreed to reposition troops away from areas of confrontation to avoid further conflict.

Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra confirmed on social media that discussions with Cambodian officials had produced what she called a “positive conclusion” and that both sides had pledged to reduce military tensions by adjusting their deployments.

Cambodia’s Ministry of Defence also echoed that message, saying military commanders had reached an agreement to move their forces to more neutral positions.

Former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, who remains a powerful voice in the country’s politics, praised the talks and urged both sides to prioritise diplomacy over confrontation.

Despite this temporary agreement, the situation remains fragile.

Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet announced on Monday, June 9, that his government would file a complaint with the International Court of Justice over the latest border dispute.

While the ICJ ruled in 2013 that the area around the Preah Vihear temple belonged to Cambodia, Thailand has never formally accepted the court’s jurisdiction in the matter.

The Thai border closures have had an immediate impact on local economies and cross-border communities.

With many travellers caught off guard by the shutdown, border towns are now seeing large numbers of stranded tourists and disrupted trade .

Further talks are expected to take place on June 14, but for now, uncertainty continues to grip the region as both governments try to contain tensions that have proven difficult to resolve for over a decade.

In a statement published on its official Facebook page , the government emphasised its position: “The Thai force had to defend itself and the area of Thai sovereignty. The action complied with the principles of international law.”

The announcement referred to the May 28 skirmish between Thai and Cambodian troops in the Chong Bok area of Ubon Ratchathani province.

Following the incident, both governments engaged in discussions at multiple levels, including between prime ministers. They agreed to cooperate in restoring normalcy and use established bilateral mechanisms, notably the Joint Boundary Committee, which is scheduled to meet in Cambodia on June 14.

The government concluded by stating that the situation along the Thai-Cambodian border is stable and expressed confidence that both countries can reach a mutual resolution.

Thailand launched its annual LGBTQ+ Pride Month celebrations on Sunday, June 1, with a Pride Parade in Bangkok, the first since the legalisation of same-sex marriage earlier this year. Participants marched with rainbow flags, joined by political figures including Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra. The recently enacted Marriage Equality Act makes Thailand the first Southeast Asian nation and the third in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage.

Opal Suchata Chuangsri becomes first Thai woman to win Miss World title

Opal Suchata Chuangsri, 22, became the first Thai woman to win the Miss World title on Saturday, May 31. She was crowned at the 72nd edition of the international pageant held in Hyderabad, India, after competing among 108 contestants worldwide. In her first official address, Chuangsri described the win as a shared dream for young women seeking visibility and change. She is a native of Phuket and is currently studying international relations at Thammasat University. She speaks Chinese, English, and Thai.

Thailand set to benefit from Pride Month boost in rainbow economy sectors

Thailand is among several countries expected to gain from increased economic activity linked to Pride Month in June, particularly in tourism, entertainment, and lifestyle sectors. The rainbow economy is expanding rapidly, driven by the global LGBTQIAN+ community, estimated at 400–800 million people, or 5–10% of the world’s population. According to Coherent Market Insights, the global LGBTQ+ travel market is projected to reach US$357 billion (11.71 trillion baht) by 2025, with potential growth to US$604.34 billion (19.34 trillion baht) by 2032. Marriage equality legislation is expected to boost both tourism and investment. The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) estimates that LGBTQIAN+ tourism alone could generate US$2 billion (65.59 billion baht) annually.

Thailand’s first-ever world No. 1 clinches badminton title

After becoming Thailand’s first-ever men’s singles badminton player to be ranked world No. 1, Kunlavut Vitidsarn won the men’s singles title at the Singapore Open 2025 on Sunday, defeating China’s Lu Guang Zu 2-0 in 37 minutes. This marks Vitidsarn’s fourth title of the year. Recently promoted to the unofficial world No. 1 ranking, Vitidsarn dominated the match, taking the first game 21-6. Despite Lu’s attempts to recover in the second game, unforced errors allowed Vitidsarn to maintain control and close out the match 21-10. The victory extends Vitidsarn’s head-to-head lead over Lu to 6–1.

Thailand to close border checkpoints with Cambodia following troop clash and boycott threats

Thailand will close six permanent and ten temporary border crossings with Cambodia, including the Preah Vihear and Ta Muen Thom tourist checkpoints, in response to rising tensions. A May 28 clash between Thai and Cambodian troops near Chong Bok in Ubon Ratchathani Province resulted in one Cambodian soldier killed and several injured. The incident triggered nationalist backlash in Cambodia, with social media users calling for a boycott of Thai products. Thai security agencies cited safety concerns for border communities and cross-border traders as the reason for the closures.

Travellers’ information will be cross-referenced with data from foreign embassies to identify individuals on watchlists or blacklists. The data will then be shared with the Tourist Police and local law enforcement units for monitoring and tracking purposes.

Pol Gen Kittharath said travellers entering Thailand on tourist or student visas will be subject to heightened scrutiny.

The announcement comes in response to increasing concerns about prostitution networks operated by foreign nationals in key nightlife districts such as Sukhumvit, Soi Cowboy, and Nana in Bangkok.

The U.S. has denied Mexico's request for water delivery for the first time since the 1944 Treaty on Utilisation of Waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers. Mexico sought a special channel for Colorado River water to Tijuana amidst severe drought in northwest Mexico. The U.S. government cited Mexico's consistent shortfalls in water deliveries under the treaty, which have negatively impacted American agriculture, particularly in the Rio Grande Valley. While President Claudia Sheinbaum claimed Mexico is fulfilling its treaty obligations, the country is significantly behind in its water deliveries, exacerbated by climate change and infrastructure issues. The current five-year cycle for water allocations ends in October 2025, and Mexico was reported to be 265 billion gallons short as of August 2023.  

Militarisation of U.S.-Mexico border

U.S. Representative for New Mexico Gabe Vasquez has opposed plans to militarise the U.S.-Mexico border, advocating instead for funding for surveillance technology. His concerns arise from reports that the Trump administration may deploy military troops to create a militarised zone for detaining immigrants. “The proposal from the administration is basically to operate some type of Department of Defense operation along some very remote stretches of the border, all the way from the Bootheel to Santa Teresa, with our border with Texas to Arizona. And I can’t tell you how wrong-headed this approach is in terms of actual border security needs that we have at the border,” Vasquez said.

Family of DEA agent killed in 1985 files lawsuit against Sinaloa cartel

The family of slain DEA agent Enrique "Kiki" Camarena has filed a lawsuit in California against Mexico's Sinaloa cartel and three alleged drug kingpins—Rafael Caro-Quintero, Ernesto Fonseca-Carrillo, and Miguel Angel Felix-Gallardo—over his 1985 murder. The lawsuit, under a designation by President Trump classifying drug cartels as terrorist organisations, seeks accountability for Camarena's death. Caro-Quintero, accused of ordering Camarena's kidnapping and murder, continued criminal activities even while imprisoned. Fonseca-Carrillo is under house arrest in Mexico, while Felix-Gallardo is serving a 40-year sentence after being convicted of involvement in the crime. Camarena was kidnapped in Guadalajara while working undercover, with his family unaware of his brutal treatment until the next day. An autopsy revealed he died from severe brain trauma and asphyxiation. 

Asian shipping lines launch China-Mexico service

Seven Asian shipping lines are launching a new China-Mexico service , set to begin with its maiden voyage from Shanghai on April 30. The collaboration includes Sinotrans Container Lines, TS Lines, SeaLead Shipping, Emirates Shipping Line, Regional Container Lines (RCL), KMTC Line, and Sinokor Merchant Marine. The service is expected to enhance connectivity from China and South Korea to Mexico, with a shipping route of Shanghai-Qingdao-Pusan-Manzanillo. It will take 23-25 days from China and 21 days from Pusan to reach Mexico, with each carrier deploying one vessel. RCL views this as its first step into the growing Mexican market. 

Mexican state attracts over $340 million in real estate investments

Yucatán has secured nearly 7 billion pesos (US $348 million) in real estate investments , with a focus on enhancing the housing sector in its capital, Mérida. Governor Joaquín Díaz Mena inaugurated the Residencial Punto Maya project in Ucú, costing 5.5 billion pesos (US $274 million) and expected to generate over 250 jobs. Additionally, he laid the cornerstone for the second building of the Mérida Art District, with an investment exceeding 1.3 billion pesos (US $64 million), which will create over 350 jobs and feature commercial space, a hotel, and a public park.

Afghanistan's new school year has begun under a restrictive policy that prohibits girls from attending classes beyond the sixth grade News.az reports. The acting Education Minister, Mawlawi Habibullah Agha, stressed the importance of both religious and modern education for Afghanistan's engagement on a global scale. While over 10 million children will attend school—boys from grades one to twelve and girls up to grade six—the ban on higher education for girls highlights ongoing gender-based educational limitations in the country.

Torkham border reopens after 27 days

The Torkham border crossing between Pakistan and Afghanistan has reopened after a 27-day closure due to disputes over construction activities. ANI reports that the reopening, effective March 20, followed negotiations between jirga members from both nations and includes a ceasefire lasting until April 15. The previous closure had caused significant trade disruptions, with 5,000 trucks stranded and an estimated financial loss of millions. As of now, the border permits cargo movement, with pedestrian passages set to resume after critical repairs are carried out. Both countries have also agreed to halt the construction of checkposts in the border area.

Railway connections

Afghanistan is actively pursuing enhancements to its railway connections with neighbouring countries such as Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran, and Pakistan. This initiative, according to Pajhwok Afghan News , was underscored at the International Peace and Trust conference held in Turkmenistan, where Mohammad Ashraf Haqshanas, spokesperson for the Ministry of Public Works, highlighted the crucial role of railways in regional economic growth and trade facilitation. The conference brought together representatives from 100 countries to address railway expansion along with issues pertaining to energy transmission, thereby aiming to bolster economic stability within the region.

Afghanistan’s Islamic Emirate condemns Israeli assault on Gaza

The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan has expressed severe condemnation of the recent Israeli military operations in Gaza, which have resulted in over 300 Palestinian deaths, predominantly among women and children. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs denounced these acts as violations of human rights, advocating for global solidarity with the Palestinian populace. Afghanistan reiterated its support for the Palestinian cause, perceiving it as a legitimate right of the Islamic Ummah, Ilkha reports.

Effects of USAID cuts on Aghan women students

The plight of Afghan women scholars remains critical as more than 80 women studying in Oman under US-funded scholarships received a temporary reprieve after initial funding cuts due to reduced USAID allocations. The US State Department has confirmed that these scholarships will continue until June 30, 2025, allowing these women, who fled the Taliban government where educational opportunities for females are severely restricted, to pursue graduate studies, particularly in STEM fields. While grateful for the financial extension, these scholars remain apprehensive about their future and the potential risks upon returning to Afghanistan, BBC reports.

Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra announced an economic stimulus plan on Monday, aiming to boost Thailand’s GDP growth to 3-3.5% this year. Unveiling the plan on X, she credited Finance Minister and Deputy PM Pichai Chunhavajira, who developed it after consultations with five key economic agencies. According to The Nation , the plan includes accelerating the disbursement of over 100 billion baht in pending state funds, improving budget efficiency, and supporting structural economic reforms. It also seeks to fast-track private sector investment, particularly through the Board of Investment, which received applications worth 1.14 trillion baht (over $33 billion) last year.

TikTok commits $8.8bn to data centres

TikTok will invest $8.8 billion in Thai data centres over five years, including a previously announced $3.8 billion for data hosting. VP of Public Policy Helena Lersch announced the investment in Bangkok on February 28. DCD reports that TikTok, which typically leases colocation space, previously opened a $2.13 billion AI hub in Malaysia and is considering a data centre in Australia. ByteDance, its parent company, also utilises Bridge Data Centres for its Chinese operations.

Thailand condemned for ‘shameful’ mass deportation of Uyghur refugees to China

The family of a Uyghur man feared to have been forcibly deported from Thailand to China has condemned the move as “shameful.” The deportations occurred despite UN warnings that those sent back faced a “real risk of torture.” Ignoring protests from the UN refugee agency, the EU, and the US, Thailand deported 40 Uyghurs who had been detained for a decade, claiming they returned voluntarily to their families. However, speaking to The Guardian , the family of one deportee insisted it was “impossible” that the men would willingly go back to China as reported by The Guardian .

Thailand considers building a wall on its border with Cambodia

Thailand is considering building a border wall with Cambodia to curb illegal crossings and dismantle scam centres near the border, a government spokesman said Monday. Government spokesman Jirayu Houngsub stated that the proposal was discussed in a Cabinet meeting, with the Foreign and Defence Ministries assigned to consult Cambodian authorities, AA reported. He emphasised the need to study its feasibility and impact. The Cambodian government has not yet responded. Meanwhile, authorities are intensifying crackdowns on financial fraud networks, primarily run by Chinese gangs in Cambodia and Myanmar.

Gorilla Technology secures $1.8b deal for Thailand's largest smart grid and AI energy project

Gorilla Technology Group (NASDAQ: GRRR) has secured a landmark $1.8 billion deal to lead Thailand’s largest energy digitization and infrastructure transformation. Over 15 years, this AI-driven initiative will modernize power distribution, enhance security, and optimize energy efficiency nationwide. Unlike traditional infrastructure projects, Gorilla has introduced an innovative financing model to ensure long-term, sustainable funding, enabling large-scale execution while delivering lasting financial benefits to all stakeholders, according to Newsfile .

The UK has embarked on a significant partnership with Tunisia to tackle the underlying factors contributing to irregular migration. This initiative, spearheaded by Foreign Secretary David Lammy, includes a £5 million funding package aimed at educating and equipping potential migrants in Tunisia for employment opportunities, thereby reducing the need for dangerous journeys to Europe. Additionally, $1.2 million will be directed towards the International Organisation for Migration's Assisted Voluntary Returns & Reintegration Programme, facilitating safe returns for migrants, Gov.UK reports. This initiative forms part of the UK's wider 'Plan for Change', which seeks to enhance border security, curtail human smuggling, and uplift living conditions in migrants' home countries.

11 Russians arrested on suspicion of terrorism

Tunisian authorities have detained 11 Russian nationals on terrorism suspicions near the Algerian border due to suspicious equipment and alleged ties to terrorist activities. Although no formal charges are in place, these arrests follow police findings of equipment inconsistent with their tourist claims, as per Russian media reports. The Russian embassy in Tunisia has described these individuals as tourists exploring Roman ruins in Haïdra. Watan reports that While Tunisia is generally a preferred destination for Russian tourists, Haïdra is not commonly visited by them. Despite this incident, the diplomatic relations between Tunisia and Russia remain stable, with an emphasis on enhancing bilateral ties in the agriculture and energy sectors.

State of emergency extended until the end of 2025

In a move reflecting the ongoing security landscape, Tunisian President Kais Saied has extended the state of emergency to December 31, 2025, following a previous extension that was initially set to last from January 1 to January 30, 2025. According to Al24 News , Tunisia's state of emergency was initially declared on November 24, 2015, in response to a devastating terrorist attack. On that day, a bomb exploded on a bus carrying presidential guards, claiming the lives of 12 agents.

Tunisia expresses deep concern over escalation in Congo

Tunisia has voiced significant concern regarding the escalating hostilities in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), emphasising that the unrest poses a threat to peace initiatives and regional stability. The Tunisian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has reached out with condolences to the bereaved families and urged for the safeguarding of DRC's sovereignty, a de-escalation of violent actions, and adherence to the ceasefire established under the Luanda Process. President Felix Tshisekedi of DRC has promised a robust response to the March 23 Movement (M23) rebels, who currently control Goma and key infrastructure in the region. He has reiterated ongoing military and diplomatic efforts supported by the UN and regional organizations. Violent confrontations have critically affected Goma, which is home to over 700,000 internally displaced persons, reports Social News XYZ .

Italy and Tunisia strengthen ties with the Elmed energy link

A strategic partnership has been inaugurated between Italy and Tunisia focusing on the Elmed project, which aims to establish the first direct current electrical connection between Europe and Africa through a 200-kilometre submarine cable intended to integrate renewable energy sources. This collaborative effort aligns with Italy’s Mattei Plan, designed to enhance cooperation across the Mediterranean region and is spearheaded by the Italian grid operator Terna in partnership with Tunisia’s Sociéte Tunisienne de l'Électricité et du Gaz (STEG). As reported by Decode39 , The primary objective of the Elmed project is to amplify cross-border energy flows, diminish reliance on fossil fuels, and support overarching clean energy goals. The inauguration of the Terna Innovation Zone in Tunis is projected to foster knowledge-sharing and boost business growth in the renewable energy sector, providing a foundational training environment for local talent.

In border towns like Eagle Pass, residents have expressed a mixture of concern, support, and scepticism.

"We do see them (migrants) coming through here, they do cause maybe to ranches, there might be problems because they trespass, they cause, you know, properties are damaged or whatever. But eventually, I guess, you know, at the end of the day, they mean no harm," said Ismael Castillo.

Conversely, some residents support the deployment, believing it will enhance security and reduce illegal immigration.

"I feel with him (Donald Trump) sending troops this way, there would just be less activity. And yeah, I think we would feel a bit safer being in the ranch and not have to worry about who's going to be coming through and what their intentions are,"Maria Aguado added.

In a significant development for military collaboration in North Africa, Tunisia has been selected to host the 2025 African Lion military exercise, the largest of its kind in the nation. This exercise, scheduled for April-May, aims to bolster military interoperability among participating nations and will see the involvement of up to 8,000 military personnel across various locations in Tunisia, with auxiliary events planned in Morocco, Senegal, and Ghana. Following Tunisia's recent Phoenix Express drill, this exercise exemplifies Tunisia's expanding role in international military cooperation, prominently supported by the United States and the European Union, The Defence Post reports. Over the past decade, since Tunisia's political transition in 2011, the US has channelled approximately $1 billion into Tunisian security, with $160 million allocated for the year 2023 alone.

Iran delegation visits Algeria and Tunisia as rapprochement gathers pace

An Iranian delegation led by Ibrahim Azizi is undertaking a visit to Algeria and Tunisia aimed at strengthening Tehran's influence in North Africa. This diplomatic engagement follows a backdrop of historically strained relations, particularly ancient suspicions between Algeria and Iran regarding support for extremist factions during Algeria’s civil conflict in the 1990s. Although diplomatic ties were reinstated in the early 2000s, The National says interactions have remained limited until the recent surge in high-level meetings. In Algeria, the focus has been directed towards amplifying bilateral relations, especially surrounding economic cooperation in sectors like agriculture, tourism, and education. Notably, the visit to Tunisia signals a transformation in the North African nation’s foreign policy stance, culminating from President Kais Saied's groundbreaking visit to Iran in May, and is further highlighted by Tunisia’s recent decision to ease visa restrictions for Iranian tourists.

Central bank maintains key interest rate at 8%

The Central Bank of Tunisia (BCT) has reiterated its cautious monetary policy by choosing to hold the key interest rate steady at 8%, in response to persistent inflationary pressures. The Bank's board reflected on economic growth rates which increased to 1.8% in Q3 2024, compared to 1% in Q2 and a contraction of -0.4% in the same quarter the previous year. The BCT council has signalled the necessity for cooperative efforts among stakeholders to enact essential reforms aimed at boosting supply capacities and achieving consistent growth metrics, reports AL24 News .

Tunisia dismantles human trafficking network near capital

Tunisian authorities have successfully disrupted a human trafficking network near the capital city of Tunis, apprehending the suspected leader along with an accomplice during a raid in Ben Arous. According to Daijiworld , the operation also involved confiscating forged documents and a substantial amount of cash. This intervention is indicative of Tunisia's ongoing commitment to bolster border security and combat transnational criminal enterprises, reinforcing its pivotal role as a transit hub for migrants attempting to reach European shores.

2 migrants dead, one missing off Tunisia

Two migrants lost their lives, and one remains missing after a migrant vessel capsised off the eastern coast of Tunisia. Twenty-eight others were rescued from the incident, with the ill-fated boat having departed from Teboulba, a town located 180 kilometres from the capital. New Arab adds that Tunisia and Libya are recognised as critical embarkation points for migrants aiming for Europe, particularly Italy. Alarmingly, since the beginning of the year, at least 341 bodies have been recovered off the Tunisian coast, with over 1,300 individuals reported either dead or missing last year, attributable to perilous sea crossings. According to the International Organisation for Migration, the Mediterranean has been the site of over 30,309 migrant deaths in the past decade, raising urgent humanitarian concerns.

"We are joined together and we should be like real brothers." Prabowo, who gushed over his "beautiful" welcoming ceremony, said. "The Indonesian tradition is we like to solve all problems with compromise and collaboration," added Prabowo, who is due to be inaugurated in October.

Indonesia and Papua New Guinea share an 800-kilometre (500-mile) land border that has historically been a source of numerous disputes. However, in recent months, the two countries have successfully implemented a border security agreement that was once considered nearly impossible.

Earlier this year, Papua New Guinea endorsed a long-overdue defence cooperation agreement with Indonesia, nearly 14 years after it was first proposed.

The western half of the island, or the region called Papua, has been under Indonesian control since the early 1960s. The pro-independence Free Papua Movement has waged a low-level insurgency with the Indonesian military for decades.

Somalia is facing a dire humanitarian crisis amid ongoing threats from the terrorist group Al-Shabaab. The UN is urging international partners to provide funding to meet the increasing demand for lifesaving support. Additionally, the departure of AU forces is underway, but concerns remain about the capacity of Somali security forces to maintain control, Daily News reports. The UN is also urging peaceful resolution of regional tensions between Ethiopia and Somalia.

Somalia, Ethiopia border issues

Somalia's ambassador accuses Ethiopian troops of entering its borders illegally, leading to clashes with local security forces. Ethiopia has thousands of soldiers in Somalia as part of a peacekeeping mission. Somalia requested a postponement of troop withdrawal and relations soured after Ethiopia offered recognition to Somaliland in exchange for a coastline lease, Africa.com reports.

Economic recovery

Saudi Arabia has signed an agreement with the OPEC Fund to support economic recovery in Somalia. The agreement aims to help Somalia overcome its security and financial challenges. According to Alarabiya , Saudi Arabia's efforts align with the IMF and World Bank's initiatives to ease debt burdens on poor countries. The OPEC Fund focuses on meeting basic needs such as food, energy, water, healthcare, and education in low-income countries.

Somaliland and Somalia

Somalia celebrates 65 years of independence amid internal division and security challenges. There is tension between Somalia and Somaliland, and also between Ethiopia and Somalia over a possible naval base. VOA reports that as peacekeepers prepare to leave, concerns remain about the country's ability to handle security, particularly in the face of ongoing threats from al-Shabab. Both regional tensions and internal divisions pose significant challenges for the country.

Private sector growth

Private sector vital for resilient growth in Somalia, accounting for 95% of jobs. However, private sector activity is mainly in commerce and non-tradable services, limiting overall productivity and job generation. The World Bank recommends reforms to establish equitable institutions, promote private participation, and improve selected value chains. Private investment opportunities in energy and finance are seen as feasible and critical for creating markets in the near term. Fostering a vibrant and inclusive private sector is crucial for sustainable economic growth and job creation in Somalia, according to Mirage News .

What they said

Colonel Major Salissou Mahaman Salissou, Secretary-General of the ministry, disclosed in a statement that the activities will be "reserved exclusively for vehicles registered in Niger and Togo”. “Upon exceptional authorisation from the Minister of Transport and Equipment, vehicles registered in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Ghana may also participate in freight removal. Any violator will be subject to sanctions provided for by the regulations in force," the statement added .

Commissioner General Atty. Stephen J.H. Zargo explained during a press briefing in Monrovia that only 46 out of the country’s 176 border points are safe.

According to Zargo, most of these border points are isolated with dense forests and remote areas, making them unreachable to LIS Delta Patrol Units.

As a result, cross-border movements of people and goods are difficult, and the monitoring of illegal activities including trafficking and smuggling is challenging.

The New Dawn Liberia reports that challenges with equipment and personnel have also contributed to the inability of the LIS to perform its responsibilities.

Meanwhile, the former County Senator for Lofa has indicated that requests for a drone have been made to assist with patrol in these areas. , which will be deplored in these areas for border safety purposes to combat the illegal activities through these porous borders and significant cross-border issues in Liberia. 

President Filipe Nyusi has recently promulgated and ordered the publication of the Punctual Revision Law of Law number 4/2019, which pertains to decentralised governance in Mozambique's provinces. This law, approved by the Assembly of the Republic, aims to establish principles, organisational rules, competencies, and the functioning of executive bodies at the provincial level. President Nyusi's endorsement signifies the law's alignment with the country's Fundamental Law, setting the stage for further decentralisation efforts, Journal Noticias reports.

Border Efficiency Initiative with South Africa

Mozambique is embarking on a transformative project to establish a one-stop border post with South Africa, slated to be operational by January 2027. The initiative, estimated to cost up to $290 million, aims to streamline border crossings, enhancing efficiency and trade facilitation between the two countries, Zitamar reports. “The feasibility study is expected to be completed by August. It’s expected that by October the concession memorandum will be signed, and by December construction will begin on the infrastructure, which will last 24 months. One of the big challenges has to do with what we call coordinated border management on the Mozambican side. It’s necessary to be effective, to have various agents at the border in the areas of customs, migration, health security, with coordinated management so that, with their South African counterpart, we can have a more expeditious activity,” Ambrósio Sitoe, the permanent secretary of the Ministry of Transport and Communications, said while unveiling plans during the 8th Maputo Port Conference, highlighting the project's timeline and objectives. 

Islamist attacks

Mozambique's security forces are intensifying efforts to combat Islamist insurgents following a major attack on the northern town of Macomia. President Nyusi addressed the nation, acknowledging ongoing clashes and reaffirming the government's commitment to quell the insurgency. "Macomia is under attack since this morning. Fire exchange still continues," Nyusi said is quoted by Journal Noticias . Adding that the militants initially withdrew after about 45 minutes of fighting, but then regrouped and came back. The attack exposes persistent security challenges in Cabo Delgado province, where militants aligned with Islamic State have been active since 2017, Journal Noticias reports.

Reduced demand for external financing

Mozambique's economy has shown signs of recovery, with a significant reduction in demand for external financing recorded in 2023. Official data indicates a 72.3% decrease in the need for external reserves to finance consumption and investment, reflecting a strengthening economic position, Club of Mozambique reports. “The contraction of the current account deficit by 67.7 % contributed essentially to this result, standing at US$2.224 billion (€2.066 billion), equivalent to 10.8 % of GDP,” the report indicated. Adding that the reduction in the current account deficit “fundamentally reflects the 82.1 % decrease in the negative balance of the goods account, justified by the 76% decrease in imports of goods by companies belonging to the large projects category compared to 2022,” standing at US$1.307.2 billion (€1.214 billion).

UK returns illicit funds

Mozambique and the United Kingdom have signed an agreement facilitating the return of assets obtained through illicit means. The memorandum, signed in the Bailiado of Jersey, signifies a collaborative effort to repatriate funds totaling 829,500 pounds to Mozambique. The agreement follows a plea by the Attorney General of Jersey to seize funds stashed in a Jersey trust by Mozambican national Carlos Fragoso, purportedly sourced from illicit payments during his tenure in Mozambique, Journal Noticias reports. Fragoso allegedly entrusted funds to the Tolvex Trust in 1996, under the guise of a civil engineer aiming to secure his family's future with past earnings. 

The Directorate General of Customs reported that the confiscated cocaine weighed 1,137.6 kilograms. The statement, released on April 15, detailed how the narcotics were cleverly concealed.

The drug, packaged in bricks and placed in bags, was hidden in a double bottom of a refrigerated truck arriving from a neighbouring country, the customs officials disclosed, without specifying the country of origin.

Senegal is bordered by Guinea, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, and Mali. These nations are recognised as key transit zones for drugs produced in Latin America en route to European markets.

This recent seizure in Senegal follows several large busts in the region. In October 2021, the Senegalese navy captured more than 2 tonnes of cocaine off its coast, shortly after a similar 2.5-tonne seizure by neighbouring country Benin, as reported by AFP .

Additionally, in January of the same year, Gambia’s Drug Law Enforcement Agency seized nearly 3 tonnes of cocaine at its port in a shipment that originated from Ecuador.

These incidents highlight the ongoing challenge faced by West Africa, which has become a pivotal corridor for smuggling South American narcotics to Europe.

Reports indicate that Nigeria, in particular, has emerged as a crucial transit hub, forging growing connections with drug trafficking syndicates from South and Central America.

The Moldovan government has announced that cereal producers in the Eastern European nation affected by crises in 2023 will receive new support from the government. Producers will be able to borrow loans worth up to 500,000 lei (about $28,000) with a 90% guarantee on behalf of the state to start the agricultural season, the Moldovan state news agency reports. The new mechanism was announced at a meeting between Moldovan Prime Minister Dorin Recean and Agriculture and Food Industry Minister Vladimir Bolea. ‘’I want to thank the farmers who work a lot, with diligence, manage to have profitable businesses and pay taxes. We help the agricultural sector and we will continue to find even more resources,’’ the prime minister is quoted by the state news agency.

First computerised tomograph

Moldovan President Maia Sandu inaugurated the nation’s first computerised tomograph with artificial intelligence at Moldova’s Cardiology Institute, aiming to improve the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of death in the country, the state agency reports. President Sandu also announced a record investment of over 1 billion lei (about $55.8 million) in medical equipment for hospitals in 2022. “In the last two years, we have invested much to modernize our hospitals. In 2022 alone, we invested a record sum, more than 1 billion 00 million lei, in medical equipment for republican, district and municipal hospitals and we will continue doing this, as we want our people to be healthy,’’ Sandu is quoted by Moldpres.

Drone fragments found at border

Drone fragments were discovered in a field near the Moldovan-Ukrainian border line on February 17, Moldpres reports. According to the Moldvan Border Police, there were no explosives found in the area after inspection and the fragments found do not pose any threat to the community and that the authorities have taken all necessary measures to maintain order, peace, and public safety. "The area where the drone fragments were found has been completely cleared. Following the discovery of the remains of the drone, the competent authorities took all the necessary measures to protect the town of Etulia Nouă, in Vulcănești district," the state authority said .

Moldovan turns 100

Moldovan citizen Uliana Catana from Peticeni, a village located in Moldova’s central district Călărași celebrated her 100th birthday with her family and friends on February 8, 2024. According to local media Expresul , Uliana is the oldest person alive in Peticeni and has 11 children, 30 grandchildren, 51 great-grandchildren, and 9 great-great-grandchildren. Over a hundred people gathered at her house and garden to celebrate her life. "We are very happy that our mother has reached 100 years. This rarely happens to people. Throughout the year we gather for Mother's Day, but this morning we all gathered, we came from everywhere", one of her sons is quoted by Expresul.

Emergency responses

The Moldvan Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical Assistance Service (AMUP) over the last week, responded to 15,679 emergencies, including cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and traumatological cases. According to the Moldovan state press , ambulances were called for 31 traffic accident injuries and 25 patients were transported to the hospital. The emergency joint controller's office received 49 calls for emergencies triggered by physical, chemical, and environmental agents, including combustions, hypothermia, and toxic emergencies, Moldpres reports.

In return, Somaliland would reportedly receive an undisclosed share in Ethiopian Airlines and recognition as a state. Following this, Somalia recalled its envoy to Ethiopia, Ahram Online has reported.

Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union, H.E. Moussa Faki Mahamat, said in a statement , “The Chairperson calls for calm and mutual respect to de-escalate the simmering tension between the governments of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Federal Republic of Somalia. In this regard, he urges the two countries to refrain from any action that, unintentionally, may lead to a deterioration of the good relations between the two neighbouring Eastern African countries.”

“The Chairperson stresses the imperative to respect the unity, territorial integrity, and full sovereignty of all African Union member states, including the Federal Republic of Somalia and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Furthermore, the Chairperson underscores the importance of adhering to the norms of good neighbourliness to promote and consolidate peace, security, and stability in the Horn of Africa region,” the statement further adds.

The US, on the other hand, while rejecting international recognition for Somaliland, further called for a swift resolution of the tension.

"The United States recognises the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Federal Republic of Somalia within its 1960 borders," State Department spokesman Matthew Miller told reporters. We join other partners in expressing our serious concern," he said, "about the resulting spike in tensions in the Horn of Africa,” US State Department spokesman Matthew Miller told reporters.

He further urged “all stakeholders to engage in diplomatic dialogue."

Somaliland is a self-declared, de facto independent state located in the Horn of Africa. It declared independence from Somalia in 1991 but has not gained international recognition as an independent country. Despite operating with its own government, military, and currency, Somaliland continues to seek international recognition as a sovereign state.

Delhi, India’s capital has broken previous records of liquor consumption with a new record of over Rs 526 crore ($ 63 million) worth of liquor sold in the fortnight up to the country’s biggest Hindu religious festival and most important holiday of the year. Indian news outlet The Times of India reports that this figure is almost 44% higher than the sales during the same period last year.

Tunnel collapse

Government of India is putting in measures to rescue persons trapped under a construction tunnel fin Uttarkashi in Uttarakhand in India. According to the Indian Express , 40 workers have been trapped for two days now but are being provided with food, water and oxygen. A six-member committee has also been set up by government to investigate the incident.

Border crossing

39 army personnel from Myanmar, a Southeast Asian nation have crossed the border into India, together with some 5000 following gunfight between rebel outfits and the military since November 12, 2023. According to the Hindustan Times in India, they have since surrendered before the Mizoram police at Zokhawthar.

Higher pollution levels

Delhi has recorded disturbing levels of pollution during this year’s Diwali festival, the Daily Pioneer has said. An analysis by the Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) indicated that particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 increased by 45% and 33% during the country’s biggest festival county.

Violence by nationals

Indian authorities are seeking for evidence from the UK against suspects who were involved in the violence at the Indian High Commission in London during a pro-Khalistan protest on March 19. Through a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty to UK authorities, the National Investigation Agency is asking the UK to share details of the suspect and their aides, according to the Indian Express .