Celebrating with supporters in San José, Fernández framed her victory as a decisive break with the political order established after the 1948 civil war. A close ally of outgoing President Rodrigo Chaves, she campaigned on a platform focused on public security and economic pressures, as Costa Rica faces rising homicides linked to organised crime alongside high living costs, unemployment and inflation.

Bad Bunny’s use of the word “Americans” reflects a broader cultural and geographic identity that includes people across the entire American continent, not just citizens of the United States . In many parts of Latin America, “America” is understood as the landmass stretching from Canada to Argentina and Chile, a perspective that sees Latinos and others from the hemisphere as part of a shared continental identity. This contrasts with the narrower US usage of “American” to mean citizens of the United States .

His remarks resonated at a time when immigration, identity and national belonging are central issues in political and public debate in the United States. Discussions around border enforcement, deportations and the treatment of migrant communities have intensified in recent years, often accompanied by polarising language. By stressing shared humanity and a broader, continental sense of belonging, Bad Bunny positioned his message against narratives that frame immigrants as outsiders.

His appeal to love over hatred, which he described as the most powerful response to division, reflected an attempt to shift the conversation away from fear and confrontation towards empathy and inclusion.

The moment gained widespread attention not only because it was part of a historic night for Latin music, with a Spanish-language album winning major awards, but also because it highlighted how cultural platforms can intersect with social and political issues. For many viewers in Latin America and beyond, his words underscored a sense of belonging that transcends national borders and reflects deep historical and cultural connections across the Americas.

This concludes our live coverage of Costa Rica’s general election, a closely watched vote shaped by concerns over security, political fragmentation and institutional trust. Follow Global South World for continued updates as results are finalised and the country moves into the next phase of the electoral process.

01:00 GMT: Vote counting continues across multiple precincts as ballots are tallied.

00:00 GMT: Polls close across Costa Rica, marking the end of voting in a closely watched presidential and legislative election as the vote count begins.

22:40 GMT: Polling stations reported heavy turnout as ballot boxes filled up with only hours left before voting closed.

20:45 GMT: Costa Rican President Rodrigo Chaves cast his ballot as voting continued nationwide.

20:32 GMT: Children take part in a symbolic election at the Children's Museum during Costa Rica's general election day in San Jose.

20:15 GMT: Costa Rica’s Supreme Electoral Tribunal said voting was proceeding normally, adding there were no reports of violence at polling stations so far.

19:00 GMT: Costa Rican President Rodrigo Chaves was seen surrounded by supporters of the Sovereign People’s Party, reacting with gestures amid cheers and boos, in a moment captured on video.

17:35 GMT: The election observation mission deployed across designated monitoring routes nationwide as voting continued.

17:10 GMT: Presidential candidate Álvaro Ramos of the National Liberation Party (PLN) casts his ballot during Costa Rica’s general election.

16:30 GMT: Ariel Robles, presidential candidate of the Broad Front (Frente Amplio), cast his vote in Pérez Zeledón and is moving toward Cartago.

15:50 GMT: Claudia Dobles, presidential candidate of the Citizen Agenda Coalition (CAC), cast her vote and urged Costa Ricans to go out early and participate in the democratic process, saying the future of the country is in their hands. She also noted early reports from voting stations in Australia showed her winning at some polls there.

15:20 GMT: José Aguilar Berrocal, presidential candidate for the Avanza Costa Rica Party, cast his vote and said his campaign had been a success, urging voters to back unity, change, and support for entrepreneurs while rejecting higher taxes and bureaucracy.

14:50 GMT: Former Costa Rican president José María Figueres cast his vote and spoke about national unity in defending the country’s democracy.

13:40 GMT: Costa Rican presidential candidate Laura Fernández called on voters to back the country’s “project of change”.

13:30 GMT: Presidential candidate Laura Fernández of the Sovereign People’s Party (PPSO) casts her vote at a polling station.

12:00 GMT: Voting begins across Costa Rica

The voting process is set to run for 12 hours on election day, with polls expected to open at 6 AM local time (12 PM GMT) and close at 6 PM local time (12 AM GMT).

What to know

On February 1, Costa Rica holds its general election where voters choose a new president, two vice-presidents and all 57 members of the Legislative Assembly. If no presidential candidate wins at least 40 % of the vote in the first round, a runoff is expected on 5 April 2026. Voting is voluntary, but turnout has traditionally been high compared with regional averages. Eligible voting age is 18 and above.

The election comes amid rising public concern over security, driven by increases in homicide rates and organised crime, issues once rare in what’s been seen as one of Latin America’s most stable democracies. Security, economic pressures, and confidence in political institutions are central themes shaping voter attitudes.

The political landscape is highly fragmented. Around 20 presidential candidates compete, but only a few gain significant traction, leaving a large share of undecided voters and making outcomes uncertain.

Front-running candidates & proposals

According to the country’s constitution, voting is defined as a “ compulsory civic function .” However, there are no legal penalties for individuals who choose not to participate in the electoral process.

More than 3.7 million Costa Ricans are eligible to vote. Despite this, public sentiment toward the election appears muted. A poll conducted on January 21 by the University of Costa Rica’s Centre for Political Research and Studies (CIEP) reported that nearly 79% of respondents felt little or no enthusiasm about the campaigns.

However, the same survey revealed a more nuanced outlook on voter participation. Over 57% of those surveyed indicated they were motivated to vote, while 19.5% expressed no desire to participate.

The most recent CIEP poll, released on January 28, shows that 43.8% of respondents intend to vote for Fernandez. This level of support could allow him to secure a first-round victory, avoiding a runoff. Such outcomes are rare in Costa Rica’s recent electoral history.

Ramos ranks second in the poll with 9.2% support, followed by Dobles at 8.6%. Robles is in fourth place with 3.8%. Meanwhile, the percentage of undecided voters stands at approximately 26%, a decrease from 32% the previous week.

Although Fernandez leads by a significant margin, political analysts note that upsets remain possible due to the high number of undecided voters and the weakening of traditional political alliances. In 2022, Chaves won the presidency despite having only 7% support in pre-election polling.

Political climate & stakes

Costa Rica’s fragmented political options and high levels of voter indecision reflect broader scepticism toward traditional parties and political leadership, as well as frustration over persistent economic pressures and rising insecurity. Campaign debates have been dominated by security policy, including controversial proposals such as expanding prison capacity, strengthening police powers and tightening criminal controls, measures that have also raised concerns about civil liberties and institutional balance.

Institutionally, the election will test Costa Rica’s consensus-oriented democratic model. With no party expected to secure a legislative majority, the next president is likely to face a fragmented Legislative Assembly, potentially limiting the government’s ability to pass reforms without broad cross-party negotiation. As a result, the composition of parliament and post-election alliances are expected to be as consequential as the presidential outcome itself.

Crime remains a major concern for many voters, as criminal groups compete for control over key cocaine trafficking routes to Europe and the United States. This growing violence has cast a shadow over the Central American country, long known for its appeal as a wildlife tourism destination.

The campaign focused largely on President Chaves, a controversial leader who is ineligible for re-election due to constitutional limits on consecutive terms.

The 2022 election marked a turning point in Costa Rican politics. Chaves, an economist and former World Bank official who left the institution following sexual harassment allegations, won the presidency after tapping into public frustration with corrupt political elites.

Since taking office, Chaves has sought to boost the economy with mixed results, while often clashing with political institutions. His leadership style has been marked by a rejection of established norms and an abrasive tone.

Legal attempts to prosecute Chaves on corruption and election interference charges were blocked by Congress, preserving his presidential immunity. Fernández has stated she would appoint Chaves to her cabinet if elected, which would allow him to maintain immunity beyond his term.

Traditional political parties have faced difficulties in reshaping their platforms. Despite a rise in organised crime and violence during his presidency, Chaves maintains an approval rating of around 50%.

Costa Rica, once considered one of the region’s safest countries, now reports a homicide rate of 16.7 per 100,000 people – the third highest in Central America. Last year, authorities dismantled the so-called South Caribbean Cartel, Costa Rica’s first identified transnational crime group, and arrested a former security minister on U.S. drug trafficking charges.

In response to the violence, Chaves has referenced the security policies of El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele. He invited Bukele to attend the inauguration of a new prison modelled after El Salvador’s Terrorism Confinement Centre.

Panama’s Supreme Court ruled that the long-standing concession allowing Hong Kong-based CK Hutchison subsidiary Panama Ports Company (PPC) to operate major terminals at the Balboa and Cristóbal ports near the Panama Canal was unconstitutional, citing irregularities in the contract and legal framework. President José Raúl Mulino said port operations will continue during a transition, with temporary management by another firm and plans for a new concession process. The decision is seen within the broader geopolitical context of US-China competition over control and influence in strategic infrastructure . China criticised the ruling and vowed to protect its companies’ rights, while Panama affirmed uninterrupted service at the canal’s logistics hubs.

Copa Airlines restores ticket sales between the United States and Venezuela

Copa Airlines announced it has resumed ticket sales for flights linking the United States and Venezuela via Panama, following a US government decision to reopen commercial airspace over Venezuela. The move allows passengers to purchase single itineraries such as Caracas–Panama–Miami with through check-in and simplified travel procedures. This restart follows previous suspensions of services to Venezuelan destinations, part of broader shifts in aviation ties in the region. Copa’s restored sales are expected to ease travel for travellers between the Americas and strengthen Panama’s role as a regional hub.

Panama hosts record-breaking International Economic Forum with 70 countries

The Foro Económico Internacional América Latina y el Caribe 2026, organised by CAF and the Government of Panama in Panama City, concluded with historic participation from more than 6,500 leaders, officials and decision-makers from 70 countries, including presidents, prime ministers, investors and Nobel economists. The event featured over 50 high-level panels and more than 400 bilateral meetings that addressed key regional challenges such as economic integration, sustainable development, energy transition and technological innovation. Attendees included the presidents of Panama, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala and Bolivia, as well as the prime minister of Jamaica and Chile’s president-elect. The forum consolidated Panama’s role as a regional hub for economic and policy dialogue, while fostering opportunities for cooperation and investment across Latin America and the Caribbean. Experts highlighted the strategic importance of collective action on globalisation pressures, infrastructure and climate priorities. The high turnout marks one of the largest gatherings of political and business leadership in the region in recent years.

Nuclear energy interest rises amid growing power demand

Officials and experts at a recent international forum highlighted growing regional interest in nuclear energy, including in Panama, as a complement to renewable sources to meet rising electricity demand and ensure energy security. The Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said that Panama, along with other Latin American countries, is exploring nuclear as a reliable energy option alongside solar and wind. Delegates noted that nuclear could support stable baseload power and help transition to low-emission energy systems as part of long-term planning. Multilateral financial institutions expressed willingness to back nuclear projects to enhance regional energy portfolios.

Rubén Blades to represent Panama at Pirineos Sur 2026 festival

Panamanian cultural icon Rubén Blades has been selected to represent Panama at the Pirineos Sur Festival 2026 in Spain, showcasing the nation’s music and artistic heritage on an international stage. The internationally renowned singer, songwriter and actor will perform as part of the festival’s diverse global lineup, bringing Latin American rhythms and storytelling to European audiences. This honour highlights Panama’s cultural exports and strengthens its visibility in global arts circuits, building cultural diplomacy alongside tourism and creative industry promotion. Event organisers and national arts officials celebrated the selection as a point of pride.

The country is currently governed by President Rodrigo Chaves, who took office in 2022 and is constitutionally barred from seeking another consecutive term. His administration has operated without a stable majority in the Legislative Assembly, reflecting a broader pattern in Costa Rican politics in which fragmented parliaments limit executive power and force negotiation across party lines. This institutional design makes legislative results as important as the presidential contest itself.

Polling ahead of the election suggests that the candidate, Laura Fernández, linked to the current governing camp, is leading the race and approaching the threshold required to win outright in the first round. Opposition parties, meanwhile, remain divided among multiple contenders, making it difficult to consolidate support behind a single alternative. A large share of undecided voters means the outcome is still not guaranteed, but the current polling landscape points to continuity rather than a sharp political rupture.

This dynamic matters because the presidency in Costa Rica holds key responsibilities, including directing public policy, overseeing security strategy and representing the country internationally. At the same time, a fragmented legislature can constrain the next president’s ability to pass reforms, making the balance of power between the executive and parliament central to how effectively the next government can govern.

The election takes place against a backdrop of growing public concern over crime, economic pressures and confidence in institutions. While Costa Rica remains one of Latin America ’s most stable democracies, these issues have intensified political debate and tested the traditional consensus-driven model that long defined the country’s politics.

For Costa Rica, the 2026 vote is not only about choosing a new leader, but about how its democratic system functions in a more fragmented and demanding political environment . The result will indicate whether the current governing approach retains voter backing and how the country’s long-standing institutional framework adapts to changing political realities.

At the heart of the industry is Butterfly Kingdom, a butterfly farm based in San José that combines exhibition with commercial breeding and exports. Among the dozens of species cultivated, the Blue Morpho stands out as the most sought-after, prized internationally for its large size and striking iridescent blue wings. Pupae raised across the country are collected and prepared there for shipment to destinations in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and beyond.

Butterfly farming has developed into a decentralised production chain that relies heavily on small-scale rural participation. Families raise different species on minimal plots of land, often little more than a backyard, before sending the pupae to the capital, where exporters manage inspections, documentation and international logistics. The low land and investment requirements make the activity an accessible source of steady income.

Costa Rica currently exports around 70 butterfly species, with the Blue Morpho leading the market. The model reflects the country’s long-standing focus on conservation-based entrepreneurship, transforming its rich ecosystems into sustainable economic opportunities while maintaining strong demand in global cultural and tourism institutions.

Fernández’s platform emphasises continuity of President Rodrigo Chaves’s policies, including a tough stance on organised crime, bolstering national security and justice systems, and measures to attract foreign investment and modernise infrastructure. She has proposed stronger territorial control, support for the extradition of serious criminals, and improvements to logistics and public spending efficiency.

Alongside Fernández, Álvaro Ramos represents the National Liberation Party (PLN), one of Costa Rica’s traditional parties. An economist and experienced public administrator, Ramos has pitched his campaign around security reform and public services. His proposals include a “smart-security nerve centre” using technology to prevent crime, the recruitment of additional police officers, and initiatives to strengthen the healthcare and social security system, including community mental health centres. Ramos also seeks to modernise the legal framework to support public-private partnerships and sustainable economic activities.

On the centre‑left and progressive side, Ariel Robles of the Broad Front (Frente Amplio) focuses on equity, justice and social solidarity. His platform highlights policies to reduce inequality, expand access to quality education, and promote environmental sustainability integrated with urban and rural development. Robles seeks to mobilise voters looking for structural change and greater social protections.

Former first lady Claudia Dobles, of the Citizen Agenda Coalition (CAC), has also been a visible candidate, proposing increased education spending, technological modernisation of schools, and a National Police task force to bolster public security alongside cultural and community initiatives.

While Laura Fernández currently leads in polls and could secure a first‑round victory if she surpasses the required vote share, a large undecided bloc of voters remains, leaving the race open and unpredictable. Analysts note that fragmented support among opposition candidates and high levels of voter uncertainty could influence whether an outright win is possible or whether a runoff on 5 April will be needed.

Nicaragua’s National Assembly approved a constitutional reform stating that Nicaraguan nationality will be lost when another nationality is acquired, after passing the measure in a second and final legislature on Wednesday, January 14, 2026. The reform modifies Articles 23 and 25 of the Constitution, including a new requirement that foreigners seeking naturalisation must renounce their nationality of origin. The reform was proposed as urgent by Nicaragua’s co-presidents Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo, who argued that nationality is a “sacred pact of loyalty” and that “there cannot be double fidelity.” Opposition groups in exile, including Unamos, condemned the change as a new escalation in the Ortega-Murillo government’s authoritarian policies and warned that it increases uncertainty for Nicaraguans abroad who have acquired another citizenship.

US calls for unconditional release of all political prisoners

On January 17, 2026, the United States demanded that Nicaragua’s government “unconditionally” release all political prisoners, following the reported release on January 10 of at least 24 dissidents and critics of the Sandinista executive. The US State Department’s Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs said the release must happen “without exceptions, without house arrest, without new detentions,” adding that freedom requires ending what it described as a cycle of repression. Nicaragua had announced the release of “dozens” of detainees, according to humanitarian groups, as the government marked the 19th anniversary of Ortega’s return to power, amid renewed pressure from Washington.

Over 60 detained after social media reactions to Maduro’s capture

Rights monitors reported a new wave of arbitrary detentions in early January, targeting people accused of expressing opinions online after the reported US military capture of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, an ally of Ortega and Murillo. The civil network Monitoreo Azul y Blanco said at least 60 Nicaraguans were detained between January 3 and 9, without judicial orders, across multiple departments, including Managua, Matagalpa, Chinandega, Estelí, Masaya, Granada, Jinotega, and Chontales, as well as the North and South Caribbean regions. The organisation said 49 remained detained without clarity on their legal situation, while others were temporarily held or released. US officials criticised the arrests as evidence of government paranoia, saying some people were detained simply for “liking” posts on social media.

List of 24 political prisoners released includes cases not previously registered

The Mechanism for the Recognition of Political Prisoners said in an update on January 11 that 24 people were confirmed released on January 10, including six not previously listed among the group’s official count of detainees, suggesting underreporting of politically motivated arrests. The mechanism said more than 40 political prisoners remain detained. Reports also said some of those released are banned from using social media, required to report daily to police stations, and must notify authorities in advance if leaving their municipality. Among those released were evangelical pastor Rudy Palacios Vargas and several family members, as well as former judiciary workers identified by political prisoner groups.

Nicaraguan lawyer urges tougher action over religious persecution claims

Nicaraguan lawyer and Catholic researcher Martha Patricia Molina has urged the US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) to focus increased attention on Nicaragua, warning that public prayer is treated as a crime in the country. Speaking at a January 13 hearing in Washington, Molina said she has documented thousands of alleged attacks since April 2018 against priests, nuns, and laypeople. She claimed the authorities harass altar boys, monitor religious communities, restrict the entry of Bibles, and control Catholic religious materials. Molina also alleged that numerous institutions have been shut down and that hundreds of priests and nuns have been forced into exile or blocked from returning, significantly reducing the number of clergy serving in some dioceses. USCIRF officials stated that they continue to evaluate global conditions related to religious freedom and advocate for stronger accountability mechanisms where necessary.

The upcoming election features an unusually crowded field, with around 20 presidential candidates, but only a few have gained significant traction in opinion polls . Surveys show that a large proportion of the electorate, nearly half, has not yet cemented support for a candidate, creating an unpredictable race that could result in a second round if no contender reaches the 40 per cent threshold required to win outright.

Security policy has emerged as a central theme in the campaign. Costa Rica, once known as one of Latin America ’s safest countries, has experienced rising homicide rates and public concern over organised crime. In this context, initiatives such as the inauguration of a new high-security prison modelled on El Salvador’s controversial CECOT facility have been spotlighted, with President Rodrigo Chaves and visiting leaders emphasising tough-on-crime approaches.

But alongside policy debates, the campaign has been marked by heightened political confrontation and public frustration. Observers note that traditional party structures are weak, many voters express apathy or disillusionment, and personalistic leadership styles have dominated discourse, potentially overshadowing substantive policy discussion. Some analysts warn that the often aggressive tone of the campaign — amplified on social media — poses a challenge to Costa Rica’s reputation as a stable and highly regarded democratic system in the region.

In response to calls for greater voter information, the Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones has launched initiatives such as the “Votante Informado” programme, designed to provide candidates’ plans and profiles to citizens ahead of election day. As Costa Ricans prepare to cast ballots both at home and abroad, these efforts aim to improve engagement and understanding in a contest where the outcome remains far from certain.

The incident occurred as López approached the parliamentary building and stopped to speak with a journalist. In the video, she is heard saying that lawmakers were being prevented from entering Congress, moments before the explosion. She was later taken to hospital, where doctors treated her for burns, severe pain, dizziness and hearing impairment.

Congress president Luis Redondo condemned the attack and ordered a review of the video footage, while security forces were deployed around the legislative complex. President-elect Nasry ‘Tito’ Asfura also denounced the violence , calling for respect for the rule of law. The attack comes amid heightened post-election tensions following the 30 November vote, after opposition parties rejected a parliamentary session called by the ruling Libre party to discuss a recount.

Panama’s government has proposed a shift in fuel policy that would make ethanol blending mandatory in gasoline and introduce accompanying fiscal adjustments for fuel products. According to officials, the initiative aims to reduce carbon emissions, support agricultural sectors that produce biofuel feedstocks, and align energy policy with environmental commitments. The proposal would reshape the current fuel taxation scheme, though exact blend ratios and timelines are yet to be finalised. Lawmakers and industry stakeholders are now reviewing the plan, with debates expected over costs, infrastructure readiness and impacts on consumers and transport sectors. Critics caution that mandatory ethanol could raise fuel prices if implementation is not carefully managed.

Court upholds Ministry of Public Works fine against Fourth Bridge consortium

Panama’s Third Chamber of the Supreme Court has ruled that a fine imposed by the Ministry of Public Works (MOP) on the consortium responsible for the Fourth Bridge project is not illegal. The court found that the sanction, related to contractual compliance issues, fell within legal bounds and did not violate due process. The decision was welcomed by the MOP as an affirmation of the government’s authority to enforce infrastructure contracts, but it drew scrutiny from the contractor, which has argued that the penalty was disproportionate. The ruling could affect future infrastructure disputes and reinforces legal oversight on major public-private projects. Legal experts say the case highlights the judiciary’s role in balancing state interests and investor rights.

Allegations surface over “secret” Panama Canal expansion project

Reports have emerged alleging a secret project linked to the Panama Canal expansion, suggesting that undisclosed plans may be underway for additional waterway works beyond the official multipurpose programme. Critics and analysts argue that if true, such covert initiatives could divert resources and undermine transparency in one of the country’s most strategic assets. Government agencies and canal authorities have not publicly confirmed the specifics of the alleged project, but the discussion has intensified scrutiny of governance practices and public communication surrounding canal operations. Panama’s waterway is central to national income and global shipping, so any suggestion of hidden plans draws considerable attention from civil society and economic stakeholders.

Trade deficit with Mercosur hits US$490 million

Panama’s commercial deficit with Mercosur nations (a South American trade bloc including Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) has reached approximately US$490 million, according to the latest statistics. Analysts attribute the imbalance to higher Panamanian imports of vehicles, electronics and manufactured goods from Mercosur countries compared to Panama’s exports in agriculture and services. Business associations are calling for renewed focus on export competitiveness and diversification to narrow the gap, while trade experts note that Panama’s strategic position as a logistics hub makes balanced trade with regional partners both a challenge and an opportunity. The deficit figure underscores ongoing structural trade issues that policymakers are seeking to address.

Preparations begin for the 2026 “Mil Polleras” parade

Organisers have begun finalising plans for the 2026 Mil Polleras Parade, a celebrated cultural event showcasing Panama’s traditional dress and folk heritage. Preparations include the rental of tarimas (stages/platforms) at a cost of about US$54,000, indicating the scale and logistical complexity of the festivities. The “Mil Polleras” event draws participants and spectators from across the country and abroad, highlighting regional costumes, music and dance. Officials say early planning is essential to ensure safety, scheduling and cultural programming, as well as to accommodate expected tourism. The parade remains a hallmark of Panamanian identity and civic pride.

Held annually from 25 December to 6 January, the festivities are a longstanding fixture of Costa Rica’s cultural calendar. Hundreds of spectators gather in a festive, family-oriented atmosphere, where improvised and often costumed participants step into the ring, waiting as a bull bursts out and charges, drawing loud reactions from the stands.

For those who take part, the appeal lies in the adrenaline and the public response. Amateur bullfighter Andrei Romero said the thrill comes from interacting with the animal and hearing the crowd’s applause and shouts as the bull closes in, moments that define the experience for both participants and spectators.

For many Costa Ricans, toros a la tica represent a distinctive way of marking the end of the year, blending excitement, humour and a strong sense of community. The tradition is seen as a shared cultural expression, passed down through generations and rooted in local identity.

Veteran bullfighter Jorge Rojas, 74, recalled that earlier bullfighting events in Costa Rica, during the late 1960s and early 1970s, were largely unregulated. He noted that the modern version operates under clear rules, reinforcing the emphasis on safety and animal welfare .

The origins of toros a la tica date back to the colonial era, when bullfights followed the customs of the Spanish crown. After independence, the practice continued but evolved, eventually becoming known as corridas a la tica — a term that reflects Costa Rica’s distinctive style and its departure from more violent forms of bullfighting.

Luis Redondo, president of the National Congress, said the situation requires an immediate investigation into both the primary elections held in March and the subsequent general election process. He explained that a special commission appointed in March has been instructed to examine and document irregularities linked to the conduct of the vote.

The recount follows controversy surrounding the 9 March primary elections, which were affected by widespread logistical failures in the distribution of voting materials. In several polling stations, delays reportedly exceeded 16 hours, fuelling voter frustration and raising concerns that the disruptions may have influenced participation and the integrity of the process.

Redondo pointed to Honduras’ electoral law , which requires the CNE to formally declare election results within 30 days of voting and to order their publication in the Official Gazette, La Gaceta . He noted that the Constitution grants Congress the authority to step in and oversee the count and declaration of results if the electoral body fails to fulfil its legal obligations.

“We want transparency, and if it reaches this branch of the State, if there is no declaration, the constitutional process will be applied and we will carry out the count and the tally, vote by vote,” Redondo said, referring to the review of results from more than 19,000 polling stations nationwide. Lawmakers supporting the recount argue the move is essential to restoring public trust in the electoral system amid fears of institutional failure and broader political pressure.

As unrest intensified, CNE councillor Cossette López warned that the situation at the Electoral Logistics Centre had become “critical”. The protest formed part of a broader wave of demonstrations in the capital, with tyres also set alight earlier on Monday along a key road linking Tegucigalpa to northern Honduras. Similar scenes were reported last week outside CNE headquarters.

The protests come amid repeated delays in the vote count, which has been halted several times and accompanied by accusations of irregularities. With 99.80 per cent of polling stations counted, National Party candidate Nasry Asfura, backed by Donald Trump , is leading with 40.54 per cent of the vote, followed by Liberal Party candidate Salvador Nasralla on 39.19 per cent, and Libre’s Rixi Moncada on 19.29 per cent.

Ortega highlighted the continued relevance of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples’ Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP), arguing that the bloc has endured despite sustained political and economic pressure from the United States. He said the alliance remains active and resilient in the face of sanctions, threats and external pressure.

A central part of his address focused on US military activity in the Caribbean Sea, particularly operations near Venezuela that Washington has described as efforts to combat drug trafficking and organised crime. Ortega rejected that justification, portraying the deployments as part of a broader strategy of military encirclement and regional isolation, with Venezuela as a focal point.

He also criticised what he described as US interference in domestic political processes in Latin America , citing Honduras as an example, and warned of consequences for governments that do not align with Washington. Ortega concluded by saying that opposition to US measures is growing across the region and predicted a collective response aimed at defending peace and national sovereignty. “There is rejection of all the measures that the United States government has been taking… And the people will react, and the North American people will react, and peace will have to be established in the world,” he said.

The Supreme Court confirmed that the warrant was requested by the Public Ministry, which also asked Interpol to activate an international alert. Honduran authorities said they are obliged to continue their own proceedings, stressing that domestic cases remain open and active regardless of the outcome of Hernández’s case in the United States.

Hernández’s defence strongly rejects this position. His lawyers argue that the US presidential pardon should influence Honduras’s view of the case and reinforce their claim that the accusations against him were politically motivated. They accuse Honduran institutions of ignoring what they describe as an important judicial development abroad.

The arrest warrant adds another layer of complexity to an already turbulent legal saga. Hernández was extradited to the United States in 2022, convicted, and later pardoned by Trump, a decision that sparked intense debate inside Honduras. His case remains one of the most controversial in recent Central American political history .

For now, Honduran authorities insist that the country must follow its own legal framework, independent of decisions made overseas. The new warrant is meant to ensure that Hernández can face the pending cases against him, whether he remains abroad or returns to Honduras.

Laurent Saint-Cyr, President of the Haitian Presidential Transitional Council (PTC), welcomed the officers during an official ceremony, stating that the new arrivals will work alongside Haiti’s National Police and the Armed Forces to help secure the planned 2026 elections . “Haiti needs this support. The restoration of security is an imperative to allow the holding of elections,” he said, pledging visible results for the population.

The arrival of the new contingent coincided with the departure of another group of 100 Kenyan officers who completed their mission and returned home. Saint-Cyr thanked them for their service, expressing “eternal gratitude” on behalf of the nation and wishing them a safe return to their families.

The reinforcements come as Haiti awaits the full deployment of the Gang Repression Force (GRF), which is expected to reach 5,500 personnel. According to the UN, the GRF is intended to significantly weaken gang control and improve living conditions within a year of its full mobilisation.

The scale of the challenge remains immense. In 2024 alone, gang violence in Haiti reportedly left at least 5,600 people dead, more than 2,200 injured, 1,494 kidnapped, and over one million internally displaced. Between April and June 2025, authorities recorded a further 1,520 killings and more than 600 injuries, underscoring the country’s ongoing security emergency.

Hondurans were voting not only for a new president, but also to renew Congress and more than 290 municipal governments. The choice seemed to pivot around two visions: continuity under a leftist approach, prioritising social justice and state-led reforms, or a shift toward conservative promises of economic growth, security and reestablishing ties with foreign investors.

The left’s setback appears rooted in deep disenchantment with the current government’s mixed record. While President Castro’s administration made modest progress on reducing violence and pursuing some social policies, many Hondurans remain frustrated by persistent poverty, weak public services, and unmet promises of meaningful reform. The rhetoric around crime, economic decline and corruption dominated, reflecting widespread demand for tangible change rather than ideological continuity.

On the right, Asfura capitalised on this frustration and on international backing. As a former mayor of the capital and a pro-business candidate, he pledged infrastructure development, foreign investment and job creation. His campaign gained additional traction after he was publicly supported by Donald Trump , a factor that stirred international attention and could reshape Honduras’ foreign alliances.

But the narrow margin and the presence of just-under-20 % for Moncada leave Honduras at a political crossroads. With Congress and local governments also up for grabs, the final outcome could reshape power balances for years. The results reflect not just a defeat for the left but a broader rejection of the political status quo and unmet promises. For a country battered by economic inequality, violence and political disillusionment, the vote seems to reflect a desire for pragmatic solutions over ideological loyalties.

This concludes our live coverage of Honduras’s 2025 general elections. After a tense and closely contested voting day, the ballot count is now under way as the country awaits clarity on its next president. Provisional results are expected in the coming hours. Follow Global South World for continued updates and post-election analysis from Honduras.

01:13 GMT: An international observer was expelled from a vote-counting centre amid tensions during the tallying process. The incident comes as conflicts and allegations of possible fraud emerged while ballots were being counted in several polling stations.

00:00 GMT: Polls have now closed and the vote count is under way.

23:00 GMT: Polling stations were originally set to close at 5:00 p.m. local time, but authorities have indicated they may remain open until 6:00 p.m. because of long queues. The extension aims to ensure that everyone already in line can vote as part of the general election.

22:30 GMT: Honduran President Xiomara Castro cast her vote, accompanied by her grandson José Manuel, during the country’s general election.

18:55 GMT: Honduran President Xiomara Castro said: “The satisfaction we feel goes beyond what I personally think — it reflects the sentiment of the people. We have intervened in all areas,” in her remarks on today’s elections.

17:25 GMT: The EU Election Observation Mission has deployed 138 observers across the country for today’s vote. Teams are visiting polling centres in every department, filing reports through a dedicated app that forwards their assessments to the mission’s central team in Tegucigalpa.

17:05 GMT: Nasry Asfura, the National Party’s presidential candidate, has arrived at the polling centre where he is set to cast his vote.

15:45 GMT: Tensions rose near a polling centre when some supporters of Salvador Nasralla confronted journalists covering Sunday’s presidential election. Several reporters were attacked while documenting the incident, underscoring the growing friction between media crews and Nasralla’s sympathisers.

15:15 GMT: Salvador Nasralla, the Liberal Party (PLH) presidential candidate, cast his vote in Tegucigalpa, accompanied by his wife, Iroshka Elvir.

14:15 GMT: Libre’s presidential candidate, Rixi Moncada, cast her vote, arriving at the polling station accompanied by political allies.

13:30 GMT: “The only results that count are those issued by the CNE,” said Ana Paola Hall, the council’s presiding member, on Sunday morning. With that statement, Honduras enters its most tense election day in a decade, as voters decide who will succeed President Xiomara Castro.

13:00 GMT:  Honduras’s polls open as voters begin a decisive day for the country’s political future.

11:47 GMT: Honduras’s Armed Forces have reiterated their commitment to remain strictly impartial throughout the electoral process. They emphasised what is set out in Article 284 of the Electoral Law, which makes clear that the final declaration of results is the exclusive responsibility of the National Electoral Council (CNE).

10:26 GMT : Electoral Commission confirms that the use of the biometric device is mandatory

10:15 GMT : Ahead of the polls, the head of the Electoral Mission of the Organisation of American States (OAS) urges Hondurans to go out in their numbers to vote in a peaceful manner and calls on all actors to respect the citizens' right to choose while awaiting the results that will be delivered by the CNE

09:45 GMT : Honduras rejects US 'interference' as Trump wades into election debate

Honduran Vice Foreign Minister Gerardo Torres Zelaya sharply criticised US President Donald Trump for interfering in the country’s internal affairs ahead of the 30 November elections.

Speaking at a press conference in Tegucigalpa, he argued that Washington’s recent moves show clear double standards in its public stance on drug trafficking. Torres Zelaya condemned what he described as external pressure, warning that Honduras would not accept actions that could pave the way for a return to the “narco-state” the country fought to overcome. More here

09:38 GMT : Trump to pardon Honduras’ former leader Hernández, serving time for narcotrafficking

Donald Trump announced on Friday that he will grant a full pardon to former Honduran president Juan Orlando Hernández, who is currently serving a 45-year sentence in the United States after being convicted of drug-trafficking and weapons-related offences.

The announcement, made just two days before Honduras goes to the polls , immediately sent shockwaves through the country. In his statement, Trump insisted that Hernández had been “treated very harshly and unfairly,” framing the pardon as a corrective measure rather than a political intervention. Read more

Polls open at 7:00 AM local time (13:00 GMT) and close at 5:00 PM local time (23:00 GMT).

What to know

Overview of the main contenders

The contest centres on three figures who represent different political blocs and visions for the country:

Key issues in the election

Voting and electoral context

Historical background

Honduras arrives at this vote after a politically charged decade marked by contested elections, corruption scandals tied to past administrations, and persistent security challenges. Outgoing president Xiomara Castro’s government emphasised social spending and a tougher posture on gangs; her endorsement of Moncada frames the vote partly as a referendum on those policies . International players, including the U.S., are paying close attention to both the substance of the campaigns and the conduct of the vote.

Poverty remains one of the country’s most severe challenges. Large segments of the population continue to depend on informal or unstable work, and many families struggle to cover basic needs. This economic strain fuels broader disillusionment: as living costs rise and social support systems remain weak, confidence in the country’s leadership erodes further. For many households, the election arrives at a time of acute financial uncertainty.

Violence adds another layer of pressure. Honduras is among the region’s most affected countries when it comes to crime, gang activity and organised criminal networks. Extortion, territorial control and forced displacement have become common in many communities, compounding fear and insecurity. Reports of political violence have also increased, contributing to an atmosphere of unease as campaigning intensifies. In this environment, trust in state institutions, particularly security and justice systems, remains low.

Corruption is a central concern for voters and a recurring theme in national debates. Years of scandals, political disputes and public accusations have weakened confidence in the political class. The current electoral season has exposed deep divisions between parties, raising fears that the country could once again face instability or contested results. This uncertainty is heightened by widespread dissatisfaction with the government's ability to address long-standing issues such as unemployment, social inequality and the influence of criminal groups.

As Hondurans prepare to cast their ballots, many see the election as a test of the country’s democratic resilience. Beyond choosing new leaders, citizens are hoping for meaningful responses to structural problems that have shaped daily life for decades. Whether the next government can deliver reforms, restore trust and address the root causes of the crisis will determine whether Honduras moves towards greater stability or remains caught in a cycle of political and social turbulence.

The remarks followed Trump’s announcement that he intends to grant a full pardon to former Honduran president Juan Orlando Hernández, who is currently serving a 45-year sentence in the United States for drug-trafficking and weapons-related offences. Trump also used his social media platform to endorse Hernández’s National Party ally, Nasry “Tito” Asfura, ahead of Sunday’s vote. The vice foreign minister stressed that a pardon would not alter Hernández’s record, insisting that the convictions remain a matter of public record.

Torres Zelaya denounced what he sees as contradictions in Trump’s position, citing past US-led anti-drug operations in the region. “Another thing that we find interesting to mention is that it carries a great load of irony and even contradiction that President Trump raises the banner of the fight against drug trafficking to generate actions against other countries, and in the case of Honduras, he is asking for the vote for the main drug lord of Central America , Mr Juan Orlando Hernandez,” he said.

He also argued that Trump’s endorsement of Asfura sends a clear political message. “It is no longer us saying it, Trump already said it: voting for Nasry Asfura is voting for Juan Orlando Hernandez. Voting for the National Party is voting for the narco-state to return and for the cartel to govern Honduras again,” he warned. Honduras is set to elect a president, members of the National Congress, representatives to the Central American Parliament, and local authorities, with more than six million citizens eligible to vote.

Hernández, once a close U.S. ally, was found guilty in a New York federal court in 2024 for facilitating the movement of cocaine into the United States during his presidency. His conviction marked one of the most significant cases in Washington’s anti-narcotics efforts in Central America. By signalling that he will overturn that judgement, Trump has reopened a debate about accountability, foreign policy and the power of presidential pardons.

The timing has stirred particular controversy in Honduras, where voters are preparing for a tightly contested presidential election. Trump has openly backed conservative candidate Nasry “Tito” Asfura, and critics argue that announcing the pardon so close to the vote could influence the outcome. The move has therefore raised broader questions about external pressure on domestic politics, especially in a country already grappling with corruption, security concerns and deep political divisions.

Rixi Moncada is a veteran of public service: former teacher, lawyer, magistrate, finance minister and, until recently, defence minister. She is the official candidate of the ruling party, seeking to carry forward a “refoundational” project for the state.

Her platform centres on strengthening public institutions, defending state-controlled services and natural resources, and pushing for social justice . She frames her campaign as a defence of the “public good” against privatisation pressures.

Nasry "Tito" Asfura (Partido Nacional — Right / Conservative)

Nasry Asfura, 67, is a businessman and former mayor of Tegucigalpa, with a track record in infrastructure and urban administration. He runs as the candidate of the conservative National Party, pursuing a pro-business, free-market agenda.

His plan emphasises legal certainty, investment in energy and infrastructure, and job creation through public-private partnerships. Asfura pitches himself as a pragmatic “executor”, someone who can deliver stability, economic growth and institutional order.

Salvador Nasralla (Partido Liberal — Centrist / Reformist)

Salvador Nasralla is perhaps the most internationally familiar of the trio, a former television presenter turned politician, who previously served as vice-president. Now 72, he again enters the presidential race under the banner of the Liberal Party.

His proposal centres on tackling corruption, modernising the state and reviving the economy through support for small and medium enterprises, improved infrastructure, formal employment and social investments. He promises sweeping institutional reforms, including a revamped labour code, streamlined regulations and support for migrants and Hondurans abroad.

The frontrunners for the 30 November elections are Rixi Moncada (Libre), Salvador Nasralla (Liberal) and Nasry Asfura (National Party). Their final campaign events were marked by mutual accusations of fraud, limited policy proposals and an increasingly fragile institutional environment, including internal disputes within the National Electoral Council (CNE). The military’s role in safeguarding electoral materials has also fuelled public suspicion.

Hall warns of legal action over delayed GPS for electoral kits

Ana Paola Hall, president of Honduras’s National Electoral Council (CNE), has sounded the alarm over the delayed arrival of GPS devices meant to track the transport of voting material. She says that while shipments of election kits began on schedule, legal and financial consequences may follow if the GPS units don’t arrive. According to her, vehicles transporting the materials do have tracking, but individual boxes remain unmonitored until the promised GPS is installed.

EU election observers hear threats to press freedom

The European Union ’s Election Observation Mission (EOM) met with the Honduran press this week, learning about growing political risks for journalists covering the election. The Union’s team met with the Honduran Journalists’ Association, where media professionals expressed concerns over intimidation and threats tied to the heated political climate.

Nasralla denounces attacks on Liberal supporters during campaign

Salvador Nasralla, presidential candidate for the Liberal Party, accused political opponents, especially members of Libre, of assaulting his supporters during a campaign caravan in Tegucigalpa. He claimed that militants of the ruling party threw stones and used sticks, escalating fears of political violence on the eve of the vote.

US warns of sanctions for backing criminal terror groups

The US has issued a stark warning: any person or entity in Honduras that provides financial, logistical, or protective support to designated criminal organisations, such as MS-13 or Mexican drug cartels, could face serious consequences, including asset freezes, migration restrictions, and terrorism charges. Washington’s move comes after it labelled eight transnational criminal groups as "terrorist organisations," citing their threat to regional stability.

In an official statement, the foreign ministry said the move was made after consultations with key partners, including the Organisation of American States (OAS) and the Inter‑American Development Bank (IDB), to ensure the event remains inclusive and representative of all Latin American governments.

The postponement comes amid criticism over the exclusion of nations such as Venezuela , Cuba and Nicaragua from the forum, a move that has undermined participation and raised fears of a weakened regional dialogue.

Additionally, regional observers point to other underlying pressures: increased military and security operations in the Caribbean and broader hemispheric rivalry, which the Dominican government cited as factors complicating productive engagement.

For global stakeholders, the postponement signals that multilateral mechanisms in the Americas are under strain. The decision underscores the challenge of achieving consensus in a landscape increasingly shaped by geopolitical competition and ideological divides.

“An official from the embassy came threatening to revoke visas,” Mulino said. “That is not consistent with a good relationship...the bilateral problem between the United States and China does not involve Panama,” he added.

Mulino firmly rejected attempts to pull Panama into the geopolitical rivalry between the two superpowers, stressing that Panama’s diplomatic relationship with China is established and sovereign.

“Panama has a relationship with China. It was not something I invented… I have asked repeatedly that Panama not be dragged into a bilateral problem between the United States and China,” he further remarked.

Mulino, who has sought balanced relations with both Washington and Beijing, emphasised respect as the foundation of diplomacy.

Panama and the People’s Republic of China established diplomatic relations in 2017.

What’s in the bill:

The initiative comes amid reports of rising violence, injuries, and even deaths linked to public drinking, particularly in tourist areas. “This is about restoring peace and safety in our communities,” Morera said in his remarks.

The Supreme Court has ruled that the bill does not alter judicial structures, meaning it requires only 29 votes in the Legislative Assembly to pass, instead of 38. However, justices cautioned that more resources may be needed to manage new cases.

Costa Rica, long known for its stability and tourism-driven economy, faces growing pressure to balance civil liberties with security in urban hubs and coastal towns popular with visitors.

  What they said

“Doña Violeta died peacefully, surrounded by the affection and love of her children and those who had provided her with extraordinary care, and now she finds herself in the peace of the Lord,” the Chamorro family said in a statement. They added that she will be temporarily buried in Costa Rica "until Nicaragua once again becomes a republic.”

Costa Rica’s tourism sector is witnessing modest growth despite significant competitiveness challenges, as reported by the Costa Rican Tourism Institute (ICT). In April 2025, international arrivals rose by 4.6%, yet concerns persist over exchange rate issues, higher costs, inadequate infrastructure, and public safety. Tourism Minister William Rodríguez anticipates an overall growth of 2-4% for the year, while industry leaders advocate for changes to stabilise the economy and improve safety, highlighting the need for structural reforms.

Costa Rica’s farms threaten wildlife

Costa Rica has one of the world’s highest per capita pesticide use . Banana and pineapple farming uses large amounts of chemicals like mancozeb, chlorothalonil, paraquat, and glyphosate—all to maximise production, with little regard for the negative impacts. In the Central Pacific coastal area, palm oil plantations—many replacing former banana farms—dominate the landscape. Palm oil, found in products from peanut butter to shampoo, requires clearing all vegetation, destroying biodiversity in the process.

Legislation to protect marine ecosystems

Independent Congresswoman Kattia Cambronero has introduced a bill aimed at safeguarding Costa Rica’s coral reefs and seagrass beds, addressing threats from pollution and climate change. The bill mandates the creation of a national marine wetlands inventory and establishes protocols for restoration projects. While aiming to enhance marine biodiversity, the legislation is seen as a necessary step amidst challenges, including recent coastal laws that could harm marine ecosystems.

Threat of parasites to howler monkeys

Research by the Awá Science and Conservation Association has linked a bot fly larvae outbreak in howler monkeys to tourism and land use changes in Costa Rica. The findings indicate that habitat disruption from tourism activities is weakening the immune systems of these monkeys, making them more vulnerable to infestations. The study calls for non-chemical solutions and highlights the need for continuous monitoring to protect these species and their ecosystems.

Road blockades amid Chiquita strike

Panamanian President José Raúl Mulino is demanding the end of road blockades set by unions representing workers of Chiquita Brands, who are striking over recent layoffs and pension reforms. With 5,000 workers dismissed and significant operational losses incurred, the president’s stance is that the blockades must be lifted permanently to progress with legislative solutions. The situation has led to limited access to crucial supplies in the affected region of Bocas del Toro, exacerbating tensions between unions and the government.

Guatemalan President Bernardo Arévalo de León announced that on May 22, Guatemala will sign an agreement with the U.S. to modernise its ports, beginning with the expansion and renovation of Puerto Quetzal. He called it a historic step toward creating better commercial conditions for both Guatemalans and international investors.

India to donate 600 artificial limbs to Guatemala in humanitarian effort

India will provide around 600 artificial limbs in a humanitarian initiative set to begin in October 2025 in Guatemala. The 50-day camp, organized by Bhagwan Mahaveer Viklang Sahayata Samiti (BMVSS), will take place at Guatemala’s Ministry of Defence and marks the 33rd global camp under India’s India for Humanity programme. The initiative coincides with the 53rd anniversary of India–Guatemala diplomatic ties and aims to strengthen bilateral cooperation.

Community culinary tours in Guatemala

Martsam Travel’s “From Market to Mayan Table” offers an immersive culinary journey through Guatemala, blending gastronomy, heritage, and regenerative tourism. Starting in Antigua, travellers join Mayan women for market tours and home-cooked meals, exploring traditional ingredients and cooking techniques. The experience includes hands-on preparation of ancestral dishes in a restored colonial home and features handmade aprons from a Maya sewing cooperative, symbolising cultural connection and community support.

Central America Festival highlights literature and dialogue in Guatemala

The Central America Festival kicked off in Guatemala , spotlighting literature, cultural exchange, and democratic values. Featuring over 60 writers and artists from Latin America and Europe, the event includes book launches, panel discussions, and artistic dialogues. Highlights include Nicaraguan author Gioconda Belli’s new novel, a panel with EU and Costa Rican leaders, and a tribute to Nobel laureate Miguel Ángel Asturias. Expanding beyond Guatemala City, events also take place in Totonicapán to engage broader communities. The festival runs through May 24.

IDB Invest finances Laki to strengthen SCF in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras

IDB Invest has approved up to $50 million in financing for Laki and its subsidiaries to boost short-term funding access for MSME suppliers in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. The package includes a $10M supplier factoring facility, a $20M revolving import credit line, and a $20M uncommitted facility for future capital and sustainability projects. Advisory support will also help enhance ESG practices and operational transparency.

Between 15 and 20 people—including former mayors and military officers—were arrested over the weekend in northern Nicaragua in what opposition groups call politically motivated raids. Among the detained are ex-mayors from the banned Citizens for Liberty party and a former military intelligence chief. The arrests follow a pattern of repression by President Daniel Ortega and Vice President Rosario Murillo since the 2018 protests, which left over 300 dead. Opposition media and exile outlets linked the raids to the recent detention of retired General Álvaro Baltodano, a former Ortega ally.

Legislature votes to end dual citizenship

Nicaragua’s National Assembly approved a constitutional amendment Friday to ban dual citizenship, potentially affecting thousands, including government critics. The reform, which must pass again in 2026 to take effect, was unanimously backed by the Sandinista-controlled legislature. Under the proposal, Nicaraguans who acquire another nationality would lose their citizenship, while most foreigners seeking Nicaraguan citizenship must renounce theirs, except Central Americans. The move follows the Ortega regime’s revocation of citizenship for over 400 people, including 222 deported to the U.S. in 2023.

$50b Panama Canal replacement

Elon Musk is reportedly backing a $50 billion canal project in Nicaragua aimed at creating a high-tech alternative to the Panama Canal. The proposed waterway, supported by a global investor consortium, reflects Musk’s push for futuristic infrastructure to ease global trade. Why rethink the Panama Canal? Despite its historic role since 1914, the canal struggles with congestion and can't accommodate the largest modern ships, even after expansions. Musk's vision: a more efficient, scalable route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Nicaragua shines at 2nd BRICS Women Entrepreneurs Forum

Nicaragua actively participated in the second day of the BRICS Women Entrepreneurs Forum held at Russia’s National Centre. Representatives from China, Malaysia, India, Brazil, Iran, Indonesia, and South Africa shared insights on creative industries, financing, and strategic alliances. Nicaragua highlighted its Creative Economy Model as a key strategy for fostering global cooperation in innovation and production. The forum also explored co-production models, infrastructure, and technological advancements, reinforcing the role of creative industries in economic growth.

Nicaragua welcomes Cameroon’s historic referendum

On May 19, 2025, the Government of Nicaragua extended warm greetings to President Paul Biya and the people of Cameroon in honour of the anniversary of the historic May 20, 1972, Constitutional Referendum. The message praised the Cameroonian people's democratic decision to establish a unified state and reaffirmed Nicaragua’s commitment to deepening bilateral ties based on solidarity, cooperation, and mutual respect.

The three countries with the highest deportation figures were Mexico (87,300), Guatemala (66,440), and Honduras (45,920).

Data sourced from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) , highlights ongoing migration and deportation patterns, with Central America continuing to be the region most affected.

Other countries with significant numbers include:

Notably, South American nations such as Colombia, Ecuador, Peru (4,300), and Venezuela (3,260) also appeared in the statistics, reflecting broader migration pressures from political and economic instability in the region.

Smaller figures were reported for the Dominican Republic (2,990) and Nicaragua (3,870), but together, they contribute to the larger trend of deportations across the Americas.

The U.S. has faced increasing challenges managing migration at its southern border, with policy debates intensifying as the numbers grow.

The 2024 deportation figures mark one of the highest in recent years, underscoring a continuing trend that will likely influence immigration policy discussions in the lead-up to the 2026 midterm elections.

In a move to tighten his grip on power, Daniel Ortega appointed his wife and co-president, Rosario Murillo, as co-head of Nicaragua’s Army. According to CiberCuba , the decision was fast-tracked through a legislative reform approved unanimously by the ruling party-dominated National Assembly. This step further consolidates the couple’s control over state institutions, including the military.

Trump ends parole programme for Nicaragua

DHS Secretary Kristi Noem announced the end of the CHNV parole program for citizens of Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, effective March 25, 2025. Beneficiaries must leave the U.S. by April 24, 2025, or when their parole expires—whichever comes first—unless they’ve applied for another immigration benefit. DHS will prioritise the removal of those who overstay and revoke related work authorisations, JD Supra reports.

Panama ex-president Martinelli approved for asylum in Nicaragua

Panama approved safe passage for ex-president Ricardo Martinelli to take asylum in Nicaragua, citing humanitarian reasons. Martinelli, convicted of money laundering and sentenced to nearly 11 years, had been sheltering in Nicaragua’s embassy. According to The Strait Times , Nicaragua granted him asylum in 2024, as it has done for other former Central American leaders.

Ortega 'secretly' receives planes of deported Nicaraguans

In the first two months of Trump’s presidency, five ICE Air deportation flights carrying Nicaraguan migrants landed in Managua, according to CONFIDENCIAL . Four flights departed from Louisiana and one from Texas, all operated by Global X Airlines. The flights, arriving on the first and third Thursdays each month, use the call sign G6-6194. While not listed on Nicaragua’s official airport registry, they are tracked on flight platforms and documented by local aviation enthusiasts.

U.S. report says religious freedom in Nicaragua ‘abysmal’

Religious persecution in Nicaragua has worsened, according to a new U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) report. Calling the situation “abysmal,” the report criticizes President Ortega and Rosario Murillo for targeting the Catholic Church through arrests, exiles, and legal crackdowns, especially since churches sheltered protesters in 2019, as reported by Persecution.org .

“I think that creating this type of activity, along with what we do at home to keep them calm, is very special for them,” Laura Chacon told the AFP, who attended the concert with her dog. “Especially an event like this, which helps them relax,” she said.

Vargas explained that "all the alpha [dogs] were barking, competing with each other, and as soon as we started with the first chords, the pets started to relax, to stay, some fell asleep, some were literally watching the concert, some came up to the stage and wanted to be there, so it was a nice, nice surprise."

The festival, known for its artistic and cultural showcases, embraced this one-of-a-kind musical experience to promote the well-being of pets through the power of sound.

The freed prisoners, however, were stripped of their Nicaraguan citizenship on Tuesday, September 10, a move that has drawn widespread condemnation from human rights organisations.

For many of these former prisoners, exile represents both a relief and a new set of challenges. Despite these realities, they are determined to rebuild their lives and continue their fight for justice.

One former prisoner, Jared Ramirez, a 35-year-old musician, described his experience as a "giant prison" where fear and repression were constant companions. Now in Guatemala, he and others like him are finding ways to adapt and support each other in their new environment.

"Mixed feelings but on the one hand [I am] very happy with the way we were received. We felt very warmly welcomed by Guatemala. And at the same time, the other feeling [is] bittersweet [because] we were exiled from our homeland which we cannot return to," 28-year-old Vink Laguna detailed.

Vink in an interview with AFP was. however, quick to acknowledge his freedom: "We are in the process of seeing what happens and of course and as I said before with mixed feelings but I feel like a lion because I am now free and I am no longer afraid of anything."

A court in Managua announced that the 135 exiled prisoners would be stripped of their citizenship following their convictions "of criminal acts that threaten the sovereignty, independence and self-determination of the Nicaraguan people."

According to official data compiled by AFP, the ruling has increased the total number of exiled opposition members who have lost their citizenship since the start of 2023 to 451.

The Nicaraguan government is undertaking an extensive campaign to suppress dissent by revoking the legal status of 1,500 nonprofit organisations, primarily targeting evangelical churches that do not align with the authoritarian regime. This move forms part of a broader strategy to control civil society and eliminate opposition, AAS reports.

VP Rosario Murillo supports RT amid US sanctions

Vice President Rosario Murillo voiced her support for Margarita Simonyan of RT following the US sanctions imposed on prominent Russian media figures, accusing them of orchestrating a disinformation campaign that aims to impact the upcoming US elections. According to Intellinews , in her communication, Murillo reframed these sanctions as an acknowledgement of their work in promoting “Justice, Truth, Peace, and Love,” thereby attempting to portray the punitive measures as politically motivated rather than justified. Despite facing bans in other regions, RT has expanded its influence within Latin America, forming strategic partnerships with nations like Nicaragua. However, this growth occurs amidst escalating repression of independent journalism, resulting in the flight of many Nicaraguan journalists, which further strengthens the Ortega regime's grip over media representation.

Dissolution of Episcopal Diocese of Nicaragua

In a continuation of the regime's crackdown on religious institutions, the Nicaraguan government announced the dissolution of the Episcopal Diocese of Nicaragua along with the confiscation of its assets. This announcement follows the cancellation of legal status for over 5,500 civil society organisations since 2018, including numerous religious entities. The Episcopal Diocese, established in 1742, has historically provided educational and social support services. The repressive actions have drawn criticism from various organisations, notably Christian Solidarity Worldwide, which highlights concerns regarding the ramifications for community services and religious freedoms, reports Anglican Ink .

135 political prisoners released

The plight of 135 Nicaraguans, exiled to Guatemala after enduring brutal incarceration under the Ortega-Murillo rule, illustrates the regime's oppressive practices. Former prisoners recounted experiences of both physical and psychological torture, substandard living conditions, and threats directed at their families. Notably, Jose Enrique Sanchez detailed his 17-month ordeal in La Modelo prison, characterised by violence and intimidation, while others, such as Jared Ramirez and Oscar Parrilla, corroborated stories of severe mistreatment and mental strain during their captivity. Exiled individuals like Adriana Zapata and Isaias Ruiz reflected on the ongoing effects of their traumatic experiences and the lack of basic rights during detention while expressing understandable concerns for the safety of their loved ones remaining in Nicaragua. The narrative highlights not only the immediate consequences of state violence but also the enduring psychological toll on those who escape its grasp as reported by Confidencial .

New foreign minister

In a significant political reshuffle, Valdrack Jaentschke has been appointed as Nicaragua's new Foreign Minister, taking over from Denis Moncada, who is vacating the position due to health issues but will continue to serve as a presidential advisor on international affairs. Havana Times reports that Jaentschke's previous experience includes key diplomatic roles, thus continuing the pattern of loyalty within the Ortega administration, as this marks the third recent change in the position since 2007.

Bukele's campaign , which he promotes under the slogan "The ‘presi’ invites you for a coffee," aims to boost local businesses by attracting more customers. The president's coffee comes from his farm, and he has committed to selecting one business each day to receive the donation.

This initiative was highlighted when a newly opened restaurant in downtown San Salvador, featuring a mural of Bukele, Franco's Pupusa, saw a significant increase in customer traffic after offering free coffee and pupusas, a traditional Salvadoran dish.

While the president's motivations remain a topic of debate, with some critics labelling the move as populist, others see it as a clever marketing strategy. Sociologist René Martínez noted that Bukele's background as a publicist might be influencing his approach, suggesting that giving people a sample of his coffee is an effective way to promote both his product and local businesses.

This initiative is part of Bukele's broader efforts to tackle economic challenges in El Salvador. Following his successful campaign against gang violence, Bukele has now set his sights on addressing the "mafias" that keep food prices high. By promoting local businesses and providing tangible support, he aims to create a more vibrant and self-sustaining local economy.

Returning to the United States for the second time, the tournament will feature matches across various cities, culminating in a grand finale at the Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida. This year's competition includes 16 teams, ten from CONMEBOL and six from CONCACAF, competing in four groups .

Defending champions and group stages

Argentina, the current world champions and defending champions of the Copa América who secured their record 15th title to go level with Uruguay in Brazil in 2021, will aim to continue their success. They are placed in Group A alongside Peru, Chile, and Canada. Group A's matches, including the opening clash between Argentina and Canada, will span from June 20 to 29 across six U.S. cities.

Group B features Mexico, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Jamaica, with their matches scheduled from June 22 to 30. Group C includes the host nation, the United States, alongside Uruguay, Panama, and Bolivia, playing from June 23 to July 1. Group D comprises Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, and Costa Rica, with matches taking place from June 24 to July 2.

Knockout stages and path to glory

The top two teams from each group will advance to the knockout stages, beginning with the quarter-finals. The knockout stage pairings are set as follows: the winner of Group A will face the runner-up of Group B, and the winner of Group B will play the runner-up of Group A. The winner of Group C will compete against the runner-up of Group D, and the winner of Group D will face the runner-up of Group C.

Victorious teams from the quarter-finals will move on to the semi-finals, leading to the highly anticipated final match on July 14 where the winner will eventually be crowned champion of the  2024 Copa América at the Hard Rock Stadium.

The 2024 competition serves as a warm-up for the 2026 FIFA World Cup , which the United States, Canada, and Mexico are jointly hosting.

Panama showcased its maritime sector at the Posidonia 2024 exhibition, with a focus on investment opportunities and the Panama Canal's reliability. The delegation highlighted Panama's competitive advantages and diverse services in the maritime and logistics industry. The Panama Pavilion was inaugurated and attended by international maritime leaders. The aim was to promote Panama's commitment to the maritime sector and its collaboration with the Greek fleet. Additionally, a Ship Repair CEO, Mr. Lino Arosemena stated the importance of engaging with Greek clients amid a difficult year for Panama. The Director of International Promotion at PROPANAMA, Mr. Allan Ritter also expressed support for Panama's maritime industry at Posidonia, Hellenic Shipping News .

First climate change displacement

Panama's Cartí Sugdupu Island, home to 1,200 indigenous people, is being gradually abandoned due to the threat of rising sea levels from climate change. The Panamanian government is relocating the islanders to the mainland, providing them with new houses and basic amenities. The movement marks the first displacement in Panama caused by climate change and the move is described as a "brutal change" by residents who feel sadness over leaving behind their island and part of their culture, reports The Tico Times .

Rising sea levels

The Panama Canal Authority issued a notice to shipping lines last week, announcing a change in the maximum authorized draught, which will now be 13.71 meters (45 feet). This change was originally scheduled to take effect on June 15 but has been implemented earlier due to the expected onset of the rainy season in the Panama Canal Watershed and the current and projected levels of Gatun Lake. The water levels of Gatun and Alajuela lakes have risen above those recorded on the same date in 2023, for the first time in 2024, due to the onset of the rainy season. Under typical water level conditions, the Panama Canal has a capacity for 34 to 38 daily transits, but last year Panama experienced one of its driest years, forcing the Canal Authority to limit transits in 2023 and into early 2024, due to low water levels, according to Riviera .

Ecuadorian gang leader deported

Ecuadorian gang leader "Negro Tulio", was captured and deported from Panama to face numerous terrorism charges in Ecuador, including attacks and assassination attempts. His wife, Alexandra Germania E has also been arrested for her alleged involvement in criminal activities. The capture demonstrates Ecuador's ongoing struggle against gang violence and the ability of criminal organisations to operate from foreign countries. President Daniel Noboa has declared a state of emergency and classified gangs as terrorist organisations. Security reforms were passed to grant the president more power to combat criminal gangs. According to Atlas News , the leader of Los Choneros, Jose "Fito" Macias, remains at large, fueling ongoing violence within the country.

Cooperation with Belize

Belize and Panama have launched a Joint Cooperation Commission to strengthen their bilateral ties. The commission's first meeting highlighted the importance of enhancing friendship and cooperation, with a focus on projects related to tourism, special education, language exchange, environmental protection, and disability inclusion. The session was held at Padre Guardia Jaén Hall in the Bolívar Palace, Panama City as reported by Great Belize Television .

Walmart intends to invest approximately $700 million in Guatemala over the next five years, as the company's Central America head stated on Wednesday. The announcement, made by regional executive Cristina Ronski, coincided with the groundbreaking of a new store in the Central American nation. This announcement follows closely on the heels of the company's commitment to invest around $600 million in Costa Rica over the same period, revealed during the groundbreaking ceremony for a new distribution centre, as reported by Investing.com . Walmex, Walmart's Mexico and Central America unit, reported double-digit same-store sales growth in Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Honduras during the first quarter. Costa Rica experienced low- to mid-single-digit growth during the same period.

China rejects Guatemala shipments

Guatemalan President Bernardo Arevalo confirmed on Friday, May 24 that China had refused entry to certain shipments from the Central American nation, raising speculation that it could be linked to Guatemala's relationship with Taiwan. The day prior, Guatemala's exporters' association reported that seven containers of macadamia nuts had been unable to enter China, and traders were informed that Guatemalan macadamia nuts and coffee would be barred entry, as per WTAQ . Guatemala maintains diplomatic ties with Taiwan, while Beijing asserts that both China and Taiwan belong to "one China," a claim rejected by Taiwan. “As you know, the inauguration of the new Taiwanese government, which Guatemala has ties with, was a few days ago,” Arevalo said, speaking in a live question-and-answer session on TikTok. “There could be some dispute with China related to this.”

Japan collaboration

On Wednesday, May 22, Japanese Foreign Minister Yoko Kamikawa and her Guatemalan counterpart, Carlos Ramiro Martinez, agreed to initiate policy consultations to enhance bilateral relations. According to Nippon , the two countries aim to strengthen their ties based on principles such as democracy and the rule of law, covering topics such as immigration, poverty, women's participation in peacebuilding, nuclear disarmament, and climate change. Speaking at the meeting held at Tokyo's Foreign Ministry's Iikura Guest House, Kamikawa highlighted Guatemala as a key partner sharing values and principles with Japan, expressing a desire to deepen bilateral ties. Martinez affirmed his nation's unwavering support for Japan on nuclear disarmament.

Missing hiker found

Zain Wailany, a 26-year-old man from Gwinnett County, went missing during a solo hike in Guatemala and was found days later. He was located on Saturday, May 25 in the morning and is being taken to a local hospital. Wailany originally went missing on the night of Tuesday, May 21, while hiking the Volcan de Acatenango, near Antigua. His current condition is unknown, reports Atlanta News First .

Guatemala affirms support for Taiwan

During a meeting between Guatemalan Minister of Foreign Affairs Carlos Ramiro Martinez and Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs Yoko Kamikawa on Wednesday, May 22, Guatemala reiterated its support for Taiwan. Martinez's delegation, which attended President William Lai's inauguration ceremony in Taiwan on Monday, May 27, departed for Japan on Wednesday, reports the Taipei Times . Despite Guatemalan President Bernardo Arevalo's inability to attend the ceremony in person, he arranged a video conference with Lai on Tuesday, May 28, to convey his congratulations, as mentioned by Latin American and Caribbean Affairs Department Deputy Director-General Chang Tzu-hsin during a regular news briefing.

The Directorate General of Customs reported that the confiscated cocaine weighed 1,137.6 kilograms. The statement, released on April 15, detailed how the narcotics were cleverly concealed.

The drug, packaged in bricks and placed in bags, was hidden in a double bottom of a refrigerated truck arriving from a neighbouring country, the customs officials disclosed, without specifying the country of origin.

Senegal is bordered by Guinea, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, and Mali. These nations are recognised as key transit zones for drugs produced in Latin America en route to European markets.

This recent seizure in Senegal follows several large busts in the region. In October 2021, the Senegalese navy captured more than 2 tonnes of cocaine off its coast, shortly after a similar 2.5-tonne seizure by neighbouring country Benin, as reported by AFP .

Additionally, in January of the same year, Gambia’s Drug Law Enforcement Agency seized nearly 3 tonnes of cocaine at its port in a shipment that originated from Ecuador.

These incidents highlight the ongoing challenge faced by West Africa, which has become a pivotal corridor for smuggling South American narcotics to Europe.

Reports indicate that Nigeria, in particular, has emerged as a crucial transit hub, forging growing connections with drug trafficking syndicates from South and Central America.

Guatemala has reported the loss of 51 children under the age of 5 due to acute malnutrition, according to data from the National Food and Nutrition Security Information System (SIINSAN). The SIINSAN recorded 23,316 cases of acute malnutrition, resulting in 51 tragic deaths, La Hora reports. “It is a pathological state that can be of primary or secondary origin, which is expressed by a set of clinical manifestations, biochemical, metabolic and anthropometric alterations, caused by deficient intake of macro and micronutrients, or caused by a state of catabolic excess causing the dissatisfaction of nutritional requirements,” the report stated. The figures, compiled by the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance, underscore the critical need for addressing malnutrition in the country.

TSE Judges Leave Guatemala

Following the removal of their immunity, three judges from the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) in Guatemala - Rafael Rojas, Gabriel Aguilera, and Mynor Franco - have left the country. The departure is linked to allegations of irregularities in the purchase of the computer system for the Transmission of Preliminary Electoral Results (TREP) during the 2023 General Elections, The Republica has reporTSE President Blanca Alfaro clarified that the decision to leave was prompted by health reasons and a desire to address legal matters. “There is no way that I can say that the Electoral Body can change the electoral results,” Alfaro told journalists at a press encounter on December 1. Their departure raises questions about the investigation and the impact on the electoral process.

Cocaine bust

Anti-drug forces in Guatemala intercepted a boat carrying a ton of cocaine in Pacific waters after the crew abandoned the vessel, heading towards Mexico. Guatemalan Air Force aircraft detected the boat, prompting it to head towards Mexican waters, where the crew dumped the drug cargo into the sea. Military boats successfully recovered the cocaine, estimated at 1,056 kilos, underscoring the ongoing challenges of drug trafficking in Central America. Central America serves as a route for international cartels transporting drugs to Mexico and the United States. The collaboration between international and local drug traffickers remains a significant concern for regional authorities.

Miguel Martínez sanctioned

 Luis Miguel Martínez Morales faces sanctions from the United States Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) for his involvement in corruption in Guatemala. The sanctions, implemented under Executive Order 13818, target individuals engaged in corruption and human rights violations, PubliNews reports. Martínez is accused of participating in widespread bribery schemes related to government contracts. “Today's action underscores the corrosive impact of corruption on public trust in government institutions. Martínez sought to take advantage of his privileged position for personal benefit at the expense of the Guatemalan people…The United States government will continue to hold accountable people whose corrupt schemes undermine democracy and harm populations around the world,” said Treasury Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, Brian E. Nelson. The sanctioning powers is derived under the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act, which reflects the commitment of US to hold individuals accountable for corruption and rights abuses globally.

Robbery gang leader arrested

The National Civil Police (PNC) has arrested the alleged leader of the notorious gang known as "Los Robaquioscos," which has been operating in shopping centers across the country. Julián "N," 41 years old, was arrested alongside his wife, María "N," 33 years old. Both individuals face charges of illicit association, theft of mobile terminal equipment, and aggravated robbery, La Hora reports. The arrest unfolded during a targeted operation in the Nuestra Señora de la Asunción neighborhood, Jocotales, Chinautla. Investigators from the Specialized Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DEIC) of the PNC, in collaboration with the Property Crimes Prosecutor's Office of the Public Ministry (MP), carried out the raid resulting in the detention of the alleged gang leader and his wife.