The growing pressure on Chile’s northern border

Over the past several years, Chile’s northern frontier has become one of the main migration routes into the country. Thousands of migrants, many travelling from Venezuela, Haiti and other parts of Latin America, have crossed through Bolivia before entering Chile via remote border points in the Andean plateau.

For Kast’s government, the situation represents a serious challenge to national security and state capacity. Officials argue that irregular crossings are linked not only to humanitarian migration but also to organised crime networks, including human trafficking, smuggling and drug transport routes operating across the Andean region.

The proposed border measures, therefore, go beyond a simple wall. The plan includes trenches, high fencing, electronic surveillance systems, drones and an expanded military presence along vulnerable sections of the frontier.

A difficult border to control

The border between Chile and Bolivia runs for roughly 860 kilometres across one of the most inhospitable landscapes in the world. Much of it cuts through high-altitude desert terrain in the Atacama Desert, where temperatures fluctuate dramatically, and infrastructure is scarce.

Policing such terrain has always been difficult. Even today, large sections of the frontier remain largely unmonitored.

For critics, this raises doubts about the practical effectiveness of building walls in such an environment . They argue that migration routes tend to adapt quickly to new barriers, often shifting to more remote or dangerous paths.

Regional and diplomatic implications

The proposal has also generated discussion in Bolivia, where some officials and analysts worry about the potential diplomatic impact of a heavily fortified border.

Relations between the two countries have long been shaped by historical tensions dating back to the War of the Pacific, which left Bolivia landlocked after losing its coastline to Chile.

Although trade and cross-border movement have continued in the decades since, the idea of a physical barrier raises concerns about the future dynamics of mobility and cooperation in the region.

At the same time, migration across the Andes is rarely a purely bilateral issue. Many migrants travelling through Bolivia have already crossed several countries before reaching Chile, making the phenomenon part of a much broader regional migration system.

Bachelet said she was honoured by the nomination and stressed the significance of the candidacy being backed by three major Latin American nations. She described it as a sign of renewed commitment to cooperation and to the United Nations at a time of mounting global challenges, including conflict, climate change , inequality and declining trust in institutions.

Footage filmed by Viory on Friday, January 30, shows hundreds of dancers performing in brightly coloured, hand-embroidered costumes, accompanied by folkloric music and traditional choreography. Masks, percussion and elaborate outfits reflect ancestral beliefs and customs passed down through generations across the Andean region.

Local authorities highlight the festival’s role in preserving a shared cultural heritage that predates modern national borders. The traditions on display blend influences from what are now Chile, Bolivia and Peru, underscoring a common Andean worldview rooted in history , spirituality and community life.

First held officially in 2003, the carnival takes its name from the desert sun and the Andean sun god, a symbol of life and renewal. Today, it is recognised not only as a major tourist attraction but also as an important space for intercultural exchange and regional identity in northern Chile.

Speaking at a joint press conference, Bukele said El Salvador was willing to share its experience in confronting criminal gangs, allowing Chile to draw lessons suited to its own context. He framed his government’s security strategy as a practical response to escalating violence , arguing that decisive action had been central to restoring public order in his country.

Bukele also warned against what he described as the risks of inaction in the face of organised crime, questioning how human rights are interpreted in countries experiencing high levels of criminality. He suggested that allowing criminal groups to expand unchecked could have long-term consequences for state authority and public safety.

Kast, for his part, praised El Salvador’s prison system and described Bukele’s security policies as a source of inspiration, while stressing the need to adapt any measures to Chile’s legal and social framework. Earlier in the day, Kast visited the CECOT high-security prison to observe its operations, infrastructure and inmate supervision methods, reflecting security and crime control as central themes of his political agenda.

The fires have burned around 50,000 hectares, affected an estimated 7,000 people and claimed at least 21 lives. The Mexican personnel come from the National Forestry Commission (Conafor) and the Secretariat of National Defence (Sedena), and are trained to operate in complex wildfire scenarios.

Chile’s Foreign Minister Alberto van Klaveren thanked the Mexican government, led by President Claudia Sheinbaum, for its rapid response, saying Mexico offered assistance “from the very first moment”. He highlighted the broader international backing Chile has received, describing it as a reflection of the solidarity Chile has also shown other countries in times of crisis.

The government and landowners had attempted to negotiate a solution that would allow part of the land to be developed for formal housing cooperatives. While 100 hectares were set aside for this project, the remaining 115 hectares remain subject to eviction orders.

Chile’s high housing costs and shortage of affordable homes have led many low-income citizens to occupy public or private land, creating large informal settlements known as tomas. According to Techo Chile, 2024 figures show 1,428 such settlements nationwide, housing over 120,000 families, or nearly half a million people .

The site has also become a focal point for conservation concerns, as visitors and local rangers warn that the penguin population has declined sharply in recent years. According to estimates cited by park authorities, breeding pairs on the island have fallen to around 6,000, down from more than 60,000 in the late 2000s, underscoring growing worries about the long-term survival of the species.

Chile has launched its largest-ever public–private partnership to exploit lithium, a critical mineral central to electric vehicle batteries and renewable energy tech, potentially surpassing Argentina’s production footprint. The initiative, backed by state and private capital, seeks to attract long-term investment and strengthen Chile’s position in global supply chains, especially amid surging demand from China. Officials argue the country’s abundant lithium reserves and improved regulatory framework make it an ideal candidate for large-scale development. The project aligns with national economic diversification goals while prompting discussions on environmental safeguards and community consultation. Chile’s move reflects broader competition among South American lithium producers for foreign partnerships and market leadership.

Wildfires scorch over 800 hectares; 158 communes on high alert

A wave of wildfires in central and southern Chile has burned more than 800 hectares, including significant forest areas in Las Condes and surrounding regions. The National Forestry Corporation (CONAF) and emergency services report that fires are active across 158 communes, triggering widespread deployment of firefighters, aircraft and community evacuation warnings. Extreme heat and dry conditions have exacerbated fire behaviour, complicating containment efforts. Local authorities activated the “Red Button” emergency alert in multiple municipalities to coordinate rapid response and resource mobilisation. Residents have been urged to follow safety protocols and stay informed on closures and air quality updates. The government has also appealed for inter-regional assistance as the season’s fire risk peaks.

Education regulator mandates “safe classroom” procedures for private schools

Chile’s Superintendency of Education has ordered private schools to adopt “aula segura” (safe classroom) procedures to address incidents of violence , bullying and disruptive behaviour. The directive requires institutions to establish clear protocols for identifying and managing safety risks, protecting students and staff, and reporting serious cases to authorities. The move comes amid rising public concern over school safety and disciplinary consistency across educational settings. Regulators emphasised that safe classroom measures must align with national education standards and child protection norms. Schools must now review internal policies and train personnel to meet the new requirements. Advocates say the policy will create more structured, equitable and enforceable safeguards, while some private school associations seek clarity on implementation timelines and resource support.

Johannes Kaiser outlines “red lines” for potential role in Kast’s government

Johannes Kaiser, leader of Chile’s National Libertarian Party (PNL) and former presidential candidate, met with representatives linked to president‑elect José Antonio Kast to present a set of “red lines”, non‑negotiable conditions for his party’s cooperation with the incoming administration. Kaiser said his group is available to be part of the future government if the conditions that protect its identity and core principles are accepted, framing the lines as a framework for operational cooperation rather than personal appointments. He emphasised that discussions will continue soon to define the scope of possible collaboration, including policy priorities that must be respected. The stipulations reportedly include opposition to the continuation of certain gender and sexual education programmes, reflecting ideological priorities of his libertarian platform. The deliberations are ongoing as both sides gauge how the PNL might support Kast’s agenda without compromising its political identity.

PS and FA defend Communist Party’s mobilisation call against Kast

Chile’s Socialist Party (PS) and Broad Front (FA) have publicly defended a call by the Communist Party (PC) to mobilise against presidential candidate José Antonio Kast, framing protests as a legitimate democratic expression. Facing criticism from opponents who labelled the mobilisation incitement, PS and FA leaders argued that peaceful citizen action addresses deep political divisions and responds to concerns over Kast’s policy agenda on social rights and inequalities. The debate has intensified in public discourse, with voices on both sides warning about polarisation and the tone of campaign rhetoric. PS and FA officials stressed the importance of respecting collective mobilisation within constitutional bounds, while urging all political actors to avoid incitement to violence. The episode reflects broader ideological battles shaping Chile’s electoral environment.

The partnership was formally presented as part of Chile’s National Lithium Strategy, which seeks to increase state participation in the sector while maintaining cooperation with private capital. Nova Andino Litio will oversee the full lithium value chain in the Atacama, from exploration and extraction to production and commercialisation, with operations projected to extend until 2060, according to Codelco.

The launch ceremony brought together key figures from both companies, including Codelco chairman Máximo Pacheco and SQM chief executive Ricardo Ramos, alongside President Gabriel Boric, signalling strong political backing for the initiative. The presence of the head of state underlined the strategic importance the government assigns to lithium as a pillar of Chile’s future economic model.

Speaking at the event, Pacheco framed the alliance as a historic convergence between the country’s largest state-owned and private firms, arguing that it could reposition Chile at the top of global lithium production. Ramos, in turn, expressed confidence that combining the capabilities of both companies would generate greater value than operating separately, pointing to the scale and ambition of the project.

Nova Andino Litio is expected to reach an annual output of around 300,000 tonnes of lithium, a significant increase compared with national production levels in recent years. In a global context marked by rising demand for critical minerals and intensifying competition among producer countries, Chile’s move reflects a broader effort across the Global South to balance sovereignty, investment and long-term control over strategic natural resources.

Security, migration and the economy as decisive issues

Castillo explained that the campaign was shaped by a narrow set of issues that dominated public debate. “This campaign was dominated by two or three strong issues on the agenda,” she said, highlighting security, particularly organised crime, alongside migration and the economy . While these concerns are shared across society, Castillo stressed that Kast was especially effective in placing them at the centre of the political conversation and framing them as urgent priorities.

Post-pandemic fatigue and a sense of national decline

According to Castillo, the prominence of these issues cannot be separated from the aftermath of the social unrest and the pandemic. Economic pressures, increased migration and the failure of progressive agendas in the constitutional process generated widespread exhaustion. Although she acknowledged that “all economic indicators have tended to stabilise,” she pointed out that the dominant perception during the campaign was that “the country was in a bad direction,” a narrative that Kast successfully capitalised on.

A campaign focused on rejecting the government

Rather than promoting a broad ideological programme, Kast centred his campaign on criticism of the government. “That was the centre of the Kast campaign,” Castillo explained, adding that it “focused mainly on attacking the government.” Issues on which he lacks majority support were consciously avoided. Castillo noted that this was Kast’s third presidential campaign and that his approach reflects a learning process, particularly in sidelining topics such as gender, abortion and same-sex marriage, where Chilean society broadly supports existing rights.

Strategic moderation and a narrow governing agenda

This selective focus allowed Kast to present what Castillo described as an “emergency government”. According to her analysis, the campaign outlined a tight agenda aimed at reducing public spending, strengthening security and addressing migration . By avoiding divisive cultural debates, Kast was able to expand his appeal without directly confronting widely held social positions.

Punishment vote rather than ideological endorsement

Castillo cautioned against interpreting the election outcome as a clear ideological mandate. She underlined the difficulty of separating genuine support for Kast from a broader tendency to vote against the incumbent administration, noting that his decisive second-round result does not reflect his actual level of backing. Kast, she recalled, secured only “23 or 24 percent” in the first round, meaning that the 58% he obtained in the runoff was largely the product of electoral dynamics rather than broad ideological support. When asked whether the result reflected right-wing conviction or voter punishment, she concluded that “it is difficult to say,” pointing to dissatisfaction with the government as a decisive factor.

A victory shaped by context, not consensus

Overall, Castillo’s analysis points to a victory driven more by circumstance than by consensus. Kast’s success was shaped by effective agenda-setting, strategic restraint and widespread discontent, rather than enthusiastic alignment with his ideas. The election result, she concluded, reflects a political moment defined by rejection and fatigue, rather than a unified ideological shift within Chilean society.

An example of this trend is Chile, where José Antonio Kast , a right-wing conservative, won the December 2025 presidential runoff with about 58% of the vote, defeating leftist candidate Jeannette Jara.

His victory marks one of the clearest rightward political shifts in the country since its transition to democracy in 1990, and places Chile alongside other South American states now governed by conservative leaders.

Kast joins leaders such as Ecuador’s Daniel Noboa, El Salvador’s Nayib Bukele, and Argentina’s Javier Milei to show a regional shift away from leftist dominance.

The trend was further highlighted in October, when Bolivia elected centrist Rodrigo Paz, bringing nearly 20 years of socialist rule to an end.

Yet this rightward shift is not without its challenges and critics. Scholars like Ken Roberts, a professor at Cornell University, warned of potential political polarisation and institutional strains as new administrations push their agendas amid divided electorates ahead of the run-off.

“A Kast victory would reinforce the recent surge of right and far-right political actors in Latin America, who are strongly supported by the Trump Administration in the US. But it would also continue a much longer pattern of volatile anti-incumbent voting in Latin America's turbulent democratic waters. This latter pattern suggests that any political shift to the right in Chile and neighbouring countries is likely to encounter strong political headwinds and underlying fragilities in a regional context of acute polarisation and severely atrophied political institutions,” Roberts said.

The continent's electoral calendar continues with significant votes ahead in countries like Peru, Colombia and Brazil, and observers will be watching closely to see whether the current momentum carries forward or stalls.

Kast, leader of the Republican Party, secured the presidency after winning 58 per cent of the vote, defeating his rival Jeanette Jara, who received 41 per cent. The result marks a clear shift in Chile’s political landscape following a closely watched election.

The president-elect is set to assume office on 11 March 2026, ushering in a new political cycle. His victory comes with high expectations among supporters, alongside significant challenges as he prepares to govern in a Congress that remains fragmented.

Although Kast’s party does not hold an absolute majority, the transition process is now underway, with both outgoing and incoming administrations signalling continuity in institutional procedures as Chile moves toward its next chapter in leadership.

Brazil, the United States , China, and Chile are Argentina’s main export markets, together accounting for nearly half of all Argentine exports. The remaining 53.1% flows to the rest of the world.

Data from The World Bank and UN Comtrade reveal that Brazil remains Argentina’s most important buyer with a purchase of about 17.8% of the country’s total exports.

The United States follows with 8.5%, while China, the world’s second-largest economy, takes in around 7.7%. Chile, a long-standing regional partner closely linked to Argentina through energy and agriculture trade, absorbs roughly 7.4% of exports. Other partners, such as India, Switzerland, and Germany, contribute smaller but meaningful shares.

These export relationships are shaped largely by Argentina’s core products: soybeans, corn, beef, lithium, and automotive goods. The International Trade Centre (ITC) notes that Argentina is one of the world’s largest soybean exporters and an increasingly relevant supplier of lithium, a mineral vital to electric vehicle batteries.

The Mercosur bloc, which includes Brazil and Uruguay, is currently engaged in negotiations with the European Union on a long-delayed trade agreement. Progress on this deal could significantly reshape Argentina’s export landscape, opening up more European markets for agricultural and industrial goods.

Despite economic challenges at home, including inflation pressure and foreign debt restructuring, Argentina’s export ties remain a stabilising force.

Families reported spending nights outdoors near the border crossing, with limited access to shelter, food, and basic services . Several migrants described the journey north as their last attempt to find stability after struggling to secure work and legal status in Chile. Instead, they now face uncertainty in a space where neither country is allowing them to move freely.

The situation reflects rising tensions between Chile and Peru over migration flows, as both governments have increasingly tightened their border policies in recent months. For migrants, these shifts translate into immediate humanitarian consequences, particularly for those travelling with children, elderly relatives, or limited resources.

As entry into Peru remains restricted, some migrants have attempted to negotiate with officials, while others simply wait, hoping the authorities will eventually allow passage. Many expressed frustration at the absence of clear communication about what documents or procedures would allow them to cross, deepening their sense of abandonment in a region they do not consider home.

For those stranded at the border, the standoff has become more than a diplomatic dispute, it is a daily struggle for safety, dignity, and the chance to keep moving. With no resolution in sight, migrants remain trapped between two states, facing a humanitarian situation that neither country appears ready to fully address.

Speaking at the Santa Rosa immigration complex, Jeri said Peru’s borders have “long been known for their vulnerabilities” and stressed that the situation requires “serious reflection” as a matter of state policy . He explained that the government will pursue a coordinated, multisector response to strengthen security across border provinces, including those adjacent to Chile.

Jeri said the first step will be the declaration of a state of emergency, allowing the Army to support the National Police in securing border areas and preventing irregular activities “by individuals of other nationalities who may enter with different intentions.”

He also emphasised that only travellers with proper documentation will be allowed to enter, adding that tightening border controls is essential to ongoing efforts to tackle crime. Preventing people from entering “irregularly,” he said, is key to addressing the country’s broader security challenges.

The announcement comes shortly after Chilean presidential candidate Jose Kast visited the Chile–Peru border, where he pledged to expel Venezuelan migrants from Chile if elected. It also follows a period in which Peru has adopted increasingly forceful measures in response to rising crime rates nationwide.

Jara emphasised that nearly half the electorate had cast a ballot for neither of the two leading candidates. She pledged to spend the coming days “listening carefully” to those voters and bringing a broader spectrum of Chileans into her proposals for the second round.

The candidate also sharpened her contrast with Kast, delivering one of her strongest criticisms of the Republican leader to date. “I regret that in the 16 years Kast served as a deputy, no one can recall a single law or agreement he passed for the good of the country. That is the reality, that is the reality,” she said. She added that her campaign would work to ensure Chileans understood “the differences between what it means for Chile’s future to be led by the far-right versus by progressivism”, arguing that the latter had historically secured advances in social, political and economic rights.

Electoral authorities will publish detailed results in the coming days, including regional and municipal breakdowns, as part of efforts to guarantee transparency. With no candidate surpassing the required 50 per cent threshold, the race will now move to a decisive runoff scheduled for 14 December.

This concludes our live coverage of Chile’s 2025 general elections. With a highly competitive first round and no candidate securing the majority needed for an outright victory, the country now moves toward a runoff that will determine its next president. Follow Global South World for continued updates as Chile heads into a decisive second round.

23:30 GMT: Early results show tight race between Jara and Kast with 52% of votes counted

With 52% of the first-round ballots tallied, Jeannette Jara leads with 26% while José Antonio Kast follows closely with 24%. As no candidate reached the 50% threshold, Chile is headed toward a second-round showdown next month between two sharply contrasting political projects, one on the left and one on the right, if these results hold.

21:40 GMT: Vote counting begins across Chile.

Polling stations have started opening ballot boxes and tallying votes, kicking off the official counting process after the close of Chile’s election day.

21:20 GMT: Poll workers begin preparing ballot materials for the count.

21:00 GMT: Polling stations begin closing across Chile.

19:20 GMT: Former Interior Minister Carolina Tohá arrives at Estación Mapocho to cast her vote.

17:29 GMT: All eight presidential candidates have now cast their votes.

16:10 GMT: Jeannette Jara casts her vote as supporters celebrate outside the polling station.

Jeannette Jara, presidential candidate of the ruling left-wing coalition and member of the Communist Party, has cast her vote, drawing cheers and reactions from supporters gathered outside the polling station during Chile’s general election.

15:54 GMT: Candidate Jeannette Jara arrives to vote, greeted by supporters.

Presidential candidate Jeannette Jara has just arrived at her polling station, accompanied by supporters who gathered to back her as she casts her vote. Her arrival adds to the busy electoral atmosphere as Chile’s voting day continues.

14:50 GMT: Candidate Franco Parisi casts his vote, comments on Chile’s political divide.

After voting, presidential candidate Franco Parisi expressed his view on the election dynamics, stating: “The Communist candidate should be going through, and we to a second round, because of the division. At the last moment, people will realize that the far right harms Chile.” His remarks underline the tension and polarization present in today’s electoral process.

14:40 GMT: Jeannette Jara steps into election day with her dog and a suitcase in hand.

Seen leaving home accompanied by her dog and carrying a small suitcase, Jeannette Jara prepared for a long election day ahead. The moment added a casual, human touch to the political morning, drawing attention as candidates and officials begin to move across the country.

13:40 GMT: Candidate Evelyn Matthei emphasizes her record of cross-party teamwork.

After casting her vote, presidential candidate Evelyn Matthei highlighted her experience working across political lines, noting: “I have a long trajectory of working with all teams. When I was mayor, there were many people from the left with whom we worked very well.” Her message seeks to project cooperation and stability as key pillars of her candidacy.

13:30 GMT: Former President Bachelet urges unity: “May the next government build on all that came before”.

After casting her vote, ex-President Michelle Bachelet called for continuity and collaboration, urging the incoming administration to construct its legacy on the foundations laid by all previous governments. Her message resonates as a plea for unity amid a deeply polarized political environment.

13:10 GMT: Jose Antonio Kast, presidential candidate of the far-right Republican Party, votes in the presidential election.

He said that if he does not reach the second round, he will support a candidate who is not from the current government. He also added that if he does not win in the runoff, this will be the last election he takes part in.

13:00 GMT: Boric calls on Chileans to shape the country’s future through their vote.

After casting his ballot, President Gabriel Boric reminded voters of the profound meaning of democracy: “It is you, Chilean men and women, who determine the future of Chile. Each of you has the same right to choose, regardless of birthplace, wealth, or political idea — that is the essence of democracy expressed today.”

12:50 GMT: Johannes Kaiser, presidential candidate of the far-right National Libertarian Party, votes in the presidential election.

12:30 GMT: Global South Election Live

12:00 GMT: Boric arrives at the polls accompanied by his daughter

President Gabriel Boric has just shown up to cast his vote, walking into the polling station alongside his daughter — a symbolic moment that underscores both his personal commitment to the democratic process and the familial legacy at stake in today’s election.

11:30 GMT: Early turnout builds as Chileans head to the polls under mandatory voting rules

As voting gets underway across the country, Chileans are already arriving steadily at polling stations, driven in part by the country's mandatory voting system. In Chile's 2025 elections, all Chilean citizens are required to vote or face a financial penalty. The rule is designed to increase participation and ensure results that better reflect the full electorate. Exceptions apply for people who are ill, far from their polling place, abroad, or have a certified disability and foreign residents with voting rights are not subject to mandatory voting.

11:00 GMT: Chile’s polls open as voters begin a decisive day for the country’s political future.

09:35 GMT : What is at stake for Chile’s democracy

The 2025 election will determine whether Chile moves toward a renewed social-democratic model or shifts to a more conservative and security-driven agenda. The outcome will influence major policy debates: the role of the state in pensions and healthcare, the country’s response to inequality, its migration strategy and its long-term energy transition. With economic uncertainty and public dissatisfaction still high, voters are evaluating not only policies but also trust in political institutions.

Chile’s democratic resilience is also being tested. A fragmented Congress will likely force the next president—regardless of ideology—to negotiate complex alliances, raising concerns about governability. The election is therefore not only about leadership but about defining the country’s political direction after years of instability. Whichever candidate wins, they will face the challenge of restoring confidence in institutions and delivering credible reforms in a divided nation.

You can read more about the current state of its democracy here.

November 15, 19:13 GMT: Preparations and inspections are made for the election

Polls are expected to open at 8 am local time (11 am GMT) and close at 6 pm local time (9 pm GMT).

What to know

Overview of the eight candidates

The race features eight key contenders: Jeannette Jara, José Antonio Kast, Carolina Tohá, Evelyn Matthei, Franco Parisi, Ximena Rincón, Marco Enríquez-Ominami, and Rodolfo Carter. They present sharply different visions for Chile’s economic and political future.

On the left, Jeannette Jara proposes expanding social welfare, strengthening public healthcare and promoting labour rights. Carolina Tohá and Marco Enríquez-Ominami also support progressive taxation, gender equality initiatives and environmental transitions, aiming to respond to the social demands that emerged after the 2019 unrest.

On the right, José Antonio Kast leads a bloc prioritising security, strict immigration control and market-friendly reforms. Evelyn Matthei and Rodolfo Carter emphasise institutional modernisation, police reinforcement and incentives for private investment.

Meanwhile, centrist candidates such as Ximena Rincón and Franco Parisi promote technocratic reforms, public-private partnerships and economic stability. Together, the eight contenders reflect a fragmented electorate seeking both stability and significant political change.

Among the eight contenders, José Antonio Kast and Jeannette Jara have emerged as the leading candidates, representing the clearest ideological contrast in the race. Current polling and expert analysis suggest that neither is likely to secure an outright majority in the first round, making a second-round runoff the most probable scenario. You can see more about these candidates here.

Key issues in the election

Crime and immigration dominate voter concerns. According to an October poll by Activa, these issues rank highest among the electorate, followed by unemployment and healthcare. Although Chile has traditionally experienced lower violent crime rates than other countries in the region, recent increases in organised crime, theft, and corruption have shifted public perception.

“I had to install remote surveillance cameras [and] chain the tables, and on weekends I hired a security guard to help keep watch,” Leidy Paredes, a nightclub owner in Santiago, told The Associated Press.

In response to public pressure, all major candidates have proposed tough-on-crime policies. Kast and Kaiser have focused on punitive measures, while Jara has advocated expanding the prison system and improving border security using advanced technology.

The issue of immigration has also taken centre stage. Between 2018 and 2024, migration to Chile increased by 46.8%. Although the rate slowed between 2022 and 2024, candidates across the spectrum have addressed the topic. While Kast supports mass deportations, Jara has proposed a temporary registration system for undocumented migrants.

Chile's economic challenges are another significant issue. The country is experiencing an economic slowdown, with unemployment at approximately 9%—among the highest in Latin America. Candidates have presented various strategies to address affordability, with Jara focusing on wage increases and housing, and Kast proposing business incentives.

Voting and electoral context

Voter turnout is expected to be higher than in 2021, when only 47% of eligible voters participated. As of 2024, there are 15,450,377 registered voters in Chile.

The November 16 vote will also determine the composition of the legislature, with all 155 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 23 out of 50 Senate seats up for election.

Jeannette Jara is currently projected to win the first round by a narrow margin. However, if she proceeds to the runoff, she may face a consolidated right-wing challenge.

Historical background

Chile enters the 2025 presidential election after a turbulent political decade marked by social unrest, constitutional debates and growing public frustration with inequality and insecurity. The 2019 protests revealed deep structural tensions, pushing issues such as pensions, healthcare, wages and public services to the centre of national debate. Although the constitutional reform process ultimately failed twice, it changed the political landscape and intensified demands for long-term reforms.

At the same time, crime and migration have become top voter concerns, reshaping political narratives across the spectrum. The return to mandatory voting is expected to bring millions of additional voters to the polls, potentially altering traditional turnout patterns. With eight candidates and no clear majority, analysts widely expect the election to move into a second round, where alliances and negotiation will become decisive. You can read more about Chile’s historical political context here .

In October 2019, long-standing frustrations erupted into mass demonstrations. What began as a protest over a metro fare hike quickly grew into the country’s largest social mobilisation since the return of democracy.

At the time, President Sebastián Piñera, leading a centre-right government, initially responded with fare freezes and limited concessions, but as protests escalated, he declared a state of emergency and deployed the military to the streets. In response, political parties across the spectrum agreed to launch a constitutional process to address public discontent.

Gabriel Boric, then a young MP and former student leader, emerged as one of the key figures associated with this moment of political renewal. He supported the constitutional process and criticised the government ’s handling of the protests, arguing for deeper social reforms within a democratic framework.

In the 2021 presidential election, Boric faced José Antonio Kast, a conservative candidate who campaigned on security and a more traditional economic model. Boric won the run-off with just over 55%, becoming Chile’s youngest president and symbolising a generational shift in national politics.

This recent history continues to shape Chilean politics today. The experience of social mobilisation, constitutional debates, and shifting priorities has influenced voter expectations ahead of the upcoming election. Some Chileans still seek the transformative agenda associated with the post-2019 period, while others prioritise stability, security, and gradual reforms.

Chile is a presidential democracy. Every four years, citizens elect a president and members of Congress, the full Chamber of Deputies and half of the Senate. The president governs for a single four-year term and cannot run for immediate re-election, which is why Gabriel Boric, elected in 2021, will not appear on the ballot this time.

Elections take place in two rounds: if no candidate secures more than 50% of the vote, the top two contenders face each other in a runoff. Since 2022, voting has been compulsory, turning participation into both a right and a civic duty. Congress, elected through a proportional system, holds significant power, shaping laws, negotiating coalitions, and often determining how much a president can actually achieve.

This balance of power defines Chile’s democracy: stable, institutional, and built on negotiation. The system has helped preserve democratic norms and prevent political dominance, though it can also slow major reforms — a challenge that has become evident since the 2019 protests and the unsuccessful attempt to draft a new constitution.

As Chile heads to the polls, key issues such as security , the cost of living, and trust in institutions shape the national debate. Voters will not only choose a new president but also signal the priorities and expectations for the next stage of Chile’s democratic path.

Jeannette Jara, a former labour minister and Communist Party member, has focused her message on social welfare and equality. Alongside her emphasis on workers’ rights and gender equity, she has underscored access to quality healthcare and investment in renewable energy as central goals. Jara has spoken of strengthening primary healthcare, expanding home delivery of medicines for older adults and chronic patients, and increasing diagnostic equipment in local clinics — particularly mammography machines, given Chile’s high breast cancer prevalence.

Recent polls suggest Jara holds a narrow lead in first-round voting intentions, though Kast could benefit from a broader right-leaning coalition in a potential runoff. This reflects a deeply divided electorate, where competing visions — one prioritising state support and social protection, the other market freedom and border security — are shaping one of Chile’s most polarised elections in recent decades.

José Antonio Kast

Representing the Republican Party , Kast has focused on economic growth and security . He proposes strengthening Chile’s agricultural sector by improving irrigation infrastructure and modernising production technologies. Kast also emphasises public security, advocating for tougher measures against organised crime and reforms to enhance the efficiency of law enforcement.

Jeannette Jara

Representing Unidad por Chile , she prioritises sustainable development and social equity. Her platform includes promoting technologically advanced rural economies, supporting cooperatives, and ensuring that at least 40% of agro-industrial exports are certified for sustainability by 2028. Jara also highlights gender equality, access to quality healthcare, and investment in renewable energy as central goals.

Eduardo Artés

From PC Acción Proletaria , Eduardo Artés advocates for a more state-centric approach. He calls for increased state participation in agriculture and maritime production, transfer of large private landholdings to public ownership, and strong protections for small and medium farmers. Artés advocates for food sovereignty and aims to prohibit the use of harmful agrochemicals unless absolutely necessary.

Harold Mayne-Nicholls

Independent candidate, Harold Mayne-Nicholls, focuses on infrastructure, transparency, and decentralisation. He proposes improved regional development through investments in local infrastructure and education, alongside policies to increase citizen participation in governance and reduce bureaucratic inefficiencies.

Evelyn Matthei

Representing Chile Grande y Unido , she prioritises economic stability and pension reform. Her proposals include measures to attract foreign investment, create jobs, and enhance Chile’s social security system. Matthei also emphasises improvements in public healthcare and education while supporting fiscal responsibility.

Johannes Kaiser

Representing the Libertarian National Party , advocates for free-market policies. He plans to reduce government intervention in the economy, promote private sector-led job creation, and implement tax reforms designed to incentivise entrepreneurship. Kaiser also calls for individual liberties to be protected and for the judicial system to be strengthened.

Franco Parisi

Representing Partido de la Gente , he focuses on economic innovation and digital transformation. His agenda includes modernising public administration through technology, supporting small and medium enterprises, and enhancing the country’s competitiveness in international markets. Parisi also stresses the need for education reform and more efficient public services.

Marco Enríquez-Ominami

Representing the Progressive Party , he champions social inclusion and environmental sustainability. He proposes expanding renewable energy projects, supporting indigenous communities, and implementing social programmes to reduce poverty. Enríquez-Ominami also advocates for electoral reform and stronger protections for workers’ rights.

As Chileans prepare to cast their votes, these eight candidates offer a wide spectrum of policy approaches, reflecting the nation’s complex social, economic, and environmental challenges. The electorate faces a pivotal decision that will shape Chile’s trajectory for years to come.

Addressing the role of powerful nations in climate debates, Boric directly criticised former US President Donald Trump for denying the existence of the climate crisis. In his speech, Boric stated: "These are times when voices arise that choose to ignore or deny the scientific evidence about the climate crisis. Not long ago, the President of the United States, at the last UN General Assembly, said that the climate crisis does not exist, and that is a lie."

Boric also drew attention to the disproportionate effects of climate change on vulnerable populations, including women, indigenous groups, and local communities, particularly in the Global South. He emphasised that addressing climate change requires acknowledging these inequalities and ensuring that solutions are inclusive and just.

The event, hosted in the Amazon, underscores the global significance of preserving critical ecosystems while addressing climate change. Countries from the Global South have consistently called on the Global North to take responsibility for historical emissions and to commit to tangible measures that mitigate ongoing climate impacts worldwide.

COP30 runs from November 10 to 21, offering a platform for nations to advance dialogue, forge commitments, and confront the climate emergency with renewed international solidarity.

Evelyn Matthei – Representing the traditional right, Matthei enters the race with support from RN, UDI and Evópoli. Having served as senator and minister, she runs on experience and seeks to consolidate the centre-right vote.

José Antonio Kast – Leader of the Republican Party and prominent figure of Chile’s far right, Kast is standing again to reclaim dominance for his faction. He has added the support of the Social Christian Party, which aligns with evangelical interests.

Johannes Kaiser – A former Republican MP turned founder of the National Libertarian Party, Kaiser offers an even more radical right-wing platform than Kast, emphasising migration control, economic liberalism and a minimal state.

Franco Parisi – A returning presidential hopeful, the economist and academic will run under the “Partido de la Gente”. Known for his anti-establishment message, Parisi seeks to appeal to voters disillusioned with traditional politics.

Marco Enríquez-Ominami – Known as ME-O, the former socialist MP has entered his fifth presidential race—the most by any candidate in Chile’s modern democracy . Running as an independent, he continues to pursue the presidency with personal branding and past name recognition.

Harold Mayne-Nicollls – A sports administrator and former ANFP president, Mayne-Nicholls is also running as an independent. He draws on his leadership in the Pan American Games and appeals to voters seeking a fresh face beyond traditional political parties.

Eduardo Artés – Representing the radical left, Artés is a teacher and seasoned political activist who backs regimes such as Venezuela and North Korea. For his third consecutive presidential bid, he runs without a major party, gathering the required signatures independently.

As Chile prepares for this decisive vote, analysts say the crowded field underscores the volatility of the nation’s political landscape and mirrors broader Latin American trends of fragmentation and challenge to mainstream parties.

“LatamGPT will be an open artificial intelligence, built with data from Latin America and the Caribbean,” said Rodrigo Durán, CENIA’s manager. He explained that the model aims to reach 70 billion parameters, enabling anyone with capable hardware to run and use it.

Copuchat invites users to anonymously submit messages, known locally as copuchas, to teach the system how people across the region speak in real life.

“Through these conversations, we will begin to understand what Chileans want to know, what they ask, what interests them, which answers work and which do not,” Durán said. “This interaction will help us understand how they will connect with LatamGPT in the future.”

“This initiative is about more than just swapping clothes,” Gomez told Viory. “We have the Atacama Desert clothed, not in bloom. This is a call to action against textile waste, which pollutes our environment . Through exchange, repair, and transformation, we’re creating new ways to connect, physically and emotionally,” she added.

Gomez referred to the alarming situation in the Atacama Desert, where an estimated 30,000 tonnes of discarded clothing and textile waste accumulate, a byproduct of the global fast fashion industry.

Guinness World Records adjudicator Natalia Ramirez praised the initiative, describing it as having “an extremely important social impact.”

“The organisers highlighted the issue of overconsumption and promoted circular fashion to extend the life of garments, an idea that resonates globally, not just in Chile,” Ramirez noted.

According to government data, Chileans consume an average of 32 kilograms of textiles per person annually, contributing to more than 572,000 tonnes of textile waste each year.

“Today, the state does not properly fulfil the function that citizens expect,” Kast said, criticising the steady increase in public employees without a corresponding improvement in services. He argued that “plans and programmes expand, but that does not always match the quality of the service people receive.”

Kast, who represents the Republican Party and is seeking the presidency for the second time after losing to Gabriel Boric in 2021, proposed creating a unified registry of public servants to identify individuals “in positions they shouldn’t occupy.” He said that if elected, he would reduce the state workforce, which he described as “inflated” at around 1.2 million employees.

The 59-year-old candidate trails Communist Party contender Jeannette Jara in recent polls but is betting on a campaign focused on government accountability and fiscal discipline. His new plan aims to curb what he calls a culture of political patronage in Chile’s bureaucracy, a long-standing criticism across party lines.

Chile’s presidential elections will take place on 16 November. If no candidate secures more than 50 per cent of the vote, a runoff is scheduled for 14 December. As campaigning intensifies, Kast’s message of efficiency and anti-corruption is positioning him as the leading voice of the conservative opposition.

From Venezuela to Guatemala, Chile, and Ecuador, the date revealed the region’s shared struggle for identity, sovereignty, and cultural survival.

In Caracas, Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro joined the “Great March for Peace and Sovereignty,” led by Indigenous communities in support of what he called the country’s fight against “imperialism.” Wearing a traditional headdress and addressing thousands in Plaza Venezuela, Maduro declared that Venezuela would never submit to foreign powers.

In Guatemala, the celebration took a different form — one of art and tradition. The capital hosted the ‘Encuentro de Conviteros’, a massive cultural parade that drew more than 3,000 dancers and musicians from 14 departments. Participants wore colourful Mayan dresses, feathered headdresses, and handcrafted armour inspired by pre-Hispanic iconography. Ana Stephany López López, one of the participants, said wearing traditional dress was an act of “resistance and empowerment.”

Meanwhile, in Santiago, Chile, the day was marked by tension. Demonstrations in support of Mapuche rights turned violent as police clashed with protesters near the University of Chile. The Mapuche, Chile’s largest Indigenous group, demanded the restitution of ancestral lands, an end to mining and forestry activities in their territories, and greater political autonomy.

Meanwhile, in Ecuador, the day coincided with massive protests against the government’s decision to eliminate the diesel subsidy. Thousands took to the streets of Quito, where police and military forces clashed with demonstrators led by Indigenous groups.

While the commemorations differed from country to country — the message was shared: Latin America ’s Indigenous peoples continue to stand against dispossession, cultural erasure, and external domination, asserting that their resistance is far from over.

This paints a picture of a region where safety is a daily concern. For many outsiders, “Latin America” has become almost synonymous with insecurity.

Yet, not every nation fits that narrative. Some countries are breaking the stereotype, combining stronger institutions, lower levels of organised crime, and robust governance to offer a more secure environment for residents, investors, and travellers.

Drawing on data from Global Citizen Solutions , World Visualized highlights Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Ecuador as the safest places to live in South America, based on homicide rates per 100,000 inhabitants.

Chile leads with just 4.4 homicides per 100,000 people , followed by Argentina (5.0), Uruguay (8.0), Paraguay (8.7), and Ecuador (14.0), all of which are well below the regional average of roughly 18.

Although Ecuador has, in the last few years made headlines for gang violence, it still stands out as a rare example of relative peace and stability.

These security rankings arrive as Argentina, one of the safest countries on the list, is at the centre of major economic developments. The World Bank recently announced that it will accelerate support for the country with up to $4 billion in funding, targeting sectors such as infrastructure, energy, and supply chains.

At the same time, U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent confirmed talks over a potential $20 billion currency swap line , fueling a rally in Argentine bonds and a strengthening of the peso.

Chile and Uruguay, meanwhile, continue to position themselves as havens of economic predictability. Despite a massive blackout earlier this year that tested Chile’s infrastructure resilience, the country remains one of the region’s most investor-friendly markets.

For expats and travellers, this means these nations are among the best bets for a secure life in the region, provided one pays attention to local variations.

For investors, it signals environments where property rights are protected and contracts are enforceable, crucial ingredients for long-term growth.

The decision comes after years of accumulation of discarded clothing, much of it burnt, with some garments still in usable condition. Carla Aviles, director of Desierto Vestido, an organisation focused on the impact of the textile industry, described to Viory the ruling as “unique and historic, as it marks the first time the State has been held accountable for this kind of environmental harm.”

The waste problem began with the large-scale importation of second-hand clothing from abroad, which created a booming resale market in Alto Hospicio’s Quebradilla market. Clothes that could not be sold were frequently burned on the hillsides, exacerbating pollution and contamination in the desert. Fashion designer Kim Karry, who works with textile waste, said the situation reflects broader issues with global second-hand clothing flows.

Diego Lopez, Director of Environment at the Municipality of Iquique, explained that the tribunal’s ruling “relieves historic pressure” on local authorities, clarifying that responsibility lies with the national government. The State’s recovery plan must address waste removal, soil restoration, monitoring, and citizen participation.

Estimates indicate that around 30,000 tonnes of clothing and other waste are currently polluting the Atacama Desert, and this represents only one of multiple known dumping sites in the region. The case has drawn attention internationally as a striking example of the environmental consequences of fast fashion and global second-hand clothing markets.

On September 23, Chilean President Gabriel Boric addressed the United Nations General Assembly in New York, announcing Chile’s nomination of former president Michelle Bachelet for Secretary-General of the UN. Boric described the role as crucial amid “tensions, prolonged conflicts, climate crisis and humanitarian crisis.” The proposal has been framed by the ruling party as a matter of state, but the opposition has reacted cautiously. 

Boric calls for Netanyahu trial over Gaza war

In his UN address, Boric demanded accountability for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, calling for him to face charges of genocide before an international court. He condemned civilian deaths in Gaza, stressing that the loss of children “resonates far beyond Gaza” and is felt in Chile. The president also criticised violations of sovereignty, assassinations on neutral ground, and wars waged under false pretences, urging renewed international dialogue and cooperation.

Mandatory voting set to shape presidential race

Chile’s Congress is moving to enforce compulsory voting in the 2025 presidential election, with fines of up to 103,000 pesos ($136) for abstention. With voter registration now automatic, this will be the first time all eligible citizens must vote. Analysts suggest the measure could benefit conservative frontrunner José Antonio Kast, who is vying to succeed Boric in November’s elections.

Right-wing candidate pledges mass deportations of undocumented migrants

Far-right presidential candidate José Antonio Kast has vowed to deport all undocumented migrants, including children, if elected. He said illegal migration would be criminalised and offenders held in detention centres until expulsion. Kast also pledged special prisons for foreign nationals convicted of crimes. His hardline stance echoes past proposals, such as building a wall along Chile’s border with Bolivia. Polls show Kast tied with communist candidate Jeannette Jara, with both leading conservative Evelyn Matthei. Rising crime and insecurity remain central voter concerns ahead of the November 16 first-round vote.

Dispute over imported human legs for training

Thirty human legs imported from the United States for surgical training in Chile have been stranded in a Santiago warehouse for over a year pending a Supreme Court decision. The Health Authority argues that cadavers used for teaching and research must originate from domestic donations, while the Surgical Medical Training Centre (CEMQ), the importer, is challenging the restriction. The case has highlighted ongoing shortages of body donations for medical training in Chile, with universities increasingly struggling to supply anatomy labs.

The Chilean leader’s intervention came as civilian casualties in Gaza continue to mount. Palestinian health authorities say tens of thousands of people have been killed since the start of Israel’s military campaign, many of them women and children .

Boric argued that the suffering transcended borders. “When beneath the rubble lie boys and girls, there is a genuine pain in our homeland, in Chile,” he said. The deaths of innocents, he added, “resonate far beyond Gaza.”

He also condemned what he described as repeated violations of sovereignty and international law. Without naming specific countries, he criticised assassinations on neutral territory, attacks on nuclear facilities and wars launched under false pretences.

"That is precisely why these United Nations were created: to dialogue and decide that barbarity is not acceptable, that human rights must be respected regardless of ideologies, of victims or of perpetrators, and that international law is the guarantee that reason will always prevail over force."

The Chilean president framed his remarks as part of a broader call for renewed dialogue.

He urged nations to build bridges rather than deepen divides, pointing to a new regional initiative on democracy launched with Brazil, Spain, Uruguay and Colombia.

Hernández completed the 3.84-kilometre swim in 1 hour, 6 minutes, and 15 seconds, beating the previous women’s world record set by Poland’s Izabela Babica, who swam 3.54 kilometres in Lake Strzeszynskie earlier this year at 4.02°C.

The Chilean swimmer began her attempt at 9:44 a.m., braving icy waters where the feels-like temperature was just 3°C. Her body temperature quickly dropped, and by the time she left the water, she was in hypothermia, with a core temperature of only 31°C.

Her achievement comes only a month after Hernández made headlines with her historic double crossing of the English Channel, swimming for more than 27 continuous hours.

The Ice Mermaid already holds three Guinness World Records: the fastest ice mile and longest swim at Cape Horn in 2022, and two Antarctic records in 2023 for the longest polar swim and as the only woman to complete a 2.5-kilometre swim in Antarctic waters.

Chile leads with about 5.3 million tonnes of copper mined in 2024 and 2025, more than any other country. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has rocketed into second place with roughly 3.3 million tonnes, while Peru follows at 2.6 million tonnes, trailed by China and Indonesia (1.8 million and 1.1 million tonnes, respectively).

These figures align with production estimates compiled by the United States Geological Survey .

According to the USGS’s Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025 , Chile holds 190 metric tonnes in reserves , making it a cornerstone of global supply. The DRC's reserves are also estimated at 80 metric tonnes, underpinning its long‑term potential.

Peru mined 2.6 metric tonnes of copper and holds 100 metric tonnes in reserves. China , meanwhile, produced about 1.8 metric tonnes and maintains 41 metric tonnes of reserves. China’s domestic production has increased by 277 % over three decades.

The USGS estimates world copper reserves at about 980 million tonnes, with mine production reaching ~23 million tonnes in 2024. Identified resources contain 1.5 billion tonnes of unextracted copper, and undiscovered resources could hold another 3.5 billion tonnes.

These numbers highlight both the abundance of copper and the challenges of extracting it economically.

Copper demand is accelerating due to growth in electric vehicles, renewable‑energy installations and data-centre infrastructure . While Chile and Peru still account for roughly one‑third of global output, the DRC’s surge underscores how shifting investment patterns and geopolitical factors can rapidly reshape supply chains.

With world copper reserves concentrated in a few countries and production often vulnerable to social and environmental disruptions, analysts warn that supply bottlenecks could emerge during the energy transition.

According to the latest figures from World Visualised, combined with data from the  Silver Institute  and Mining Data Online, five countries dominate global silver production: Mexico, China, Peru, Chile, and Bolivia.

Based on the latest estimates, the leading silver-producing countries are:

The Silver Institute’s 2024 report notes that global mine production slightly contracted in recent years but is stabilising. Increases from Chile and Bolivia offset declines in other regions, while Mexico remains the bedrock of supply. Importantly, about 70–80% of silver is produced as a byproduct of mining other metals, linking its output to broader industrial demand.

According to a 2015 article in Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine , Chile’s mainland spans 4,329 km (2,689.92 mi) from north to south, making it “the longest country in the world”.

By contrast, its width averages only 180 km (112 mi), meaning that in many places one can drive from the Andes to the coast in just a couple of hours. Chile also claims about 1.25 million km² of land and includes offshore territories like Juan Fernández, Easter Island and the Antarctic territories.

At 4,329 km, Chile’s length exceeds the shortest trans‑Atlantic crossing. For example, the straight‑line distance from St. John’s, Newfoundland, to A Coruña, Spain, is roughly 4,000–4,200 km depending on the route. This means that Chile could theoretically “connect” North America and Europe if laid out across the Atlantic, a playful comparison highlighted in the viral map.

The country's shape is the result of tectonic and historical forces. To the east, the towering Andes form a natural barrier with Argentina and Bolivia, while to the west, the Pacific Ocean bounds the country.

Over millions of years, the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate has built the Andes and created a narrow coastal plain. The Spanish colonisers and later the Chilean state expanded southward along this linear corridor, reaching the tip of Patagonia in the 19th century.

This extreme geography produces dramatic differences. In the far north lies the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on Earth and home to some of the world’s largest copper mines.

Central Chile enjoys a Mediterranean climate ideal for wine production, while the south is a land of fjords, rainforests and glaciers. The country’s latitudinal range, from about 17°S to 56°S, spans more than 30 degrees of latitude, which is greater than the distance from southern Mexico to Canada.

Chile’s elongated shape, however, presents both opportunities and obstacles. The country boasts a coastline that stretches more than 8,000 km, giving it access to abundant marine resources and making it a major exporter of fish, fruit and wine.

At the same time, its narrowness and length complicate infrastructure. Transporting goods from the mining hubs in the north to the ports and population centres in the centre and south requires long road and rail lines. Earthquakes , volcanoes and tsunamis, products of Chile’s tectonic setting, add to the challenges of maintaining infrastructure across such a vast and varied landscape.

The tugboat was built through a partnership between maritime company SAAM and Chile’s national oil firm, Enap .

It will support ships arriving and departing the port and is designed to operate in difficult sea conditions .

Unlike traditional tugboats, Trapananda runs on battery power and does not release any direct carbon dioxide emissions.

It also cuts underwater noise, which helps protect sea life. The electric tug is part of wider efforts to reduce pollution from shipping in Chile and across Latin America.

The tugboat is 25 metres long, built with advanced energy-saving design, and powered by two large electric engines and a lithium battery expected to last 10 years.

It was designed in Canada and built in Turkey. The vessel passed safety tests before entering service and is operated by a Chilean crew trained abroad.

The name Trapananda refers to an old name for Chilean Patagonia, a remote and forested region known for its natural beauty.

SAAM said it chose the name to honour the strength and history of the country’s south.

South Africa's DA party withdraws from national dialogue amid coalition dispute

South Africa’s Democratic Alliance has pulled out of national dialogue but remains in the coalition government after President Ramaphosa dismissed one of its deputy ministers, DA leader John Steenhuisen said Saturday. Read more here .

The schoolboy fighting his parents for the right to leave Ghana

Since September 2024, a 14-year-old London boy of Ghanaian descent has stirred legal debate after his parents sent him to a Ghanaian boarding school under pretences to shield him from crime in London, court records show. Read more here .

The Mozambican student creating a visual world for the blind with tech

After seeing a blind woman fall in traffic, Joao Antonio Rego, 24, was inspired to create smart glasses that help the visually impaired navigate safely and independently. Read more here .

Asia

Thousands demand Thai prime minister quit over border dispute

Thousands rallied in Bangkok on Saturday, June 28, demanding that Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra resign, amid a border dispute with Cambodia and economic woes. Braving heavy rain, it was the largest protest since her Pheu Thai party took power in 2023, as she faces a fragile coalition and a possible no-confidence vote next month. Read more here .

Driverless bus services suspended at Hong Kong International Airport after crashes

Hong Kong Airport suspended all driverless bus services after two collided near Terminal 1 on June 22, when one failed to yield at a taxiway intersection. Read more here .

What to know about Malaysia’s COVID-19 situation after the first death in 2025

Malaysia reported its first COVID-19 death of 2025 amid rising cases. The patient, unboosted and with preexisting conditions, died in mid-June—the first such fatality since May 2024. Read more here .

Latin America

Colombia's constitutional court halts electoral court's investigation into President Petro

Colombia’s Constitutional Court halted an electoral probe into President Gustavo Petro, ruling that only the House of Representatives can investigate his 2022 campaign financing. Read more here .

Brazil government begins legal analysis to challenge tax-hike reversal

Brazil's solicitor general is reviewing Congress's reversal of a tax hike on financial transactions, potentially leading to legal action. The review began at President Lula's request, with input from the finance ministry. Read more here .

Chile observatory captures the universe with 3,200-megapixel camera

Chile's Vera C. Rubin Observatory, home to the world’s largest digital camera, has released its first cosmic images. The 8.4-meter telescope on Pachon Hill aims to help astronomers study solar system formation and detect asteroid threats. Read more here .

What they said

Providing updates on the issue, Wim Dehandschutter, royal commentator, wrote on X , "The plane of Belgian King Philippe and Queen Mathilde, with which they were supposed to return home after their state visit to Chile, is being repaired at the airport. Due to a damaged wheel, they can’t leave. The Belgian delegation has to get out and is taken away by bus".

The proposal comes just two years after Chileans rejected a draft constitution that would have made abortion a guaranteed right.

In a 2022 referendum, 62% of voters rejected the progressive charter, which included broader abortion access as one of its most controversial measures.

Currently, abortion is only allowed in Chile under very limited circumstances, when the pregnancy threatens the life of the mother, in cases of rape, or when the fetus is diagnosed with a fatal condition.

That law was passed in 2017, ending a strict ban that had been in place for nearly three decades.

The new proposal, which aims to allow abortion for any reason within the first trimester, has reopened a deep divide in the country.

Supporters argue it is about ensuring health and equality for women, while critics say it ignores the will of the majority.

Minister for Women and Gender Equity, Antonia Orellana, said the bill would soon be formally submitted to Congress.

She described it as a historic step forward, more than three decades after Chile banned therapeutic abortion during the dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet.

But conservative lawmakers quickly pushed back, accusing the government of promoting policies that do not reflect public priorities.

“Chile rejects the culture of death,” said Deputy Roberto Arroyo. “This is not what the people want.”

President Boric, who was elected in 2021 on a progressive platform, had promised to expand access to abortion. His campaign included plans to promote reproductive health , improve access to contraception, and guarantee voluntary abortion as a basic health service, but is still yet to achieve that.  

For many journalists, it’s also a space to build a personal brand and practice their craft on their own terms.

To highlight this shift, we’ve compiled a list of the 100 most influential journalists on TikTok in Latin America.

With support from HypeAuditor , an AI-powered influencer marketing platform, we built the ranking using the Audience Quality Score (AQS) —a metric that goes beyond raw follower counts to assess real impact. AQS evaluates engagement, audience authenticity, growth patterns, and overall community quality.

This ranking reflects a broader transformation: journalism now lives on screens, scrolls, and seconds - and it’s speaking directly to millions.

Here you can find parts three , two , and one so you can catch up on everything.

Here is our top 100 - 76.

100. Rodrigo Sepúlveda (Chile)

Rodrigo Sepúlveda is one of Chile’s most recognisable journalists, known for his sharp, empathetic style and credibility on and off the screen. With over 30 years in media—from sports commentary to breaking news—he has earned the trust of audiences across radio, television, and digital platforms. As the face of “Meganoticias Alerta”, Sepúlveda blends journalistic rigour with a human touch.

Check out his TikTok profile.

99. Melissa Martínez (Colombia)

Melissa Martínez is a Colombian sports journalist and television presenter known for her deep-rooted passion for football. Her career has spanned major networks like Fox Sports and ESPN Colombia, where she currently contributes to programs such as ESPN FShow.

Beyond her broadcasting achievements, Melissa is an entrepreneur, having founded MM Store, a fashion boutique with locations in Barranquilla and Bogotá. In recognition of her contributions to sports journalism and her role in breaking gender barriers, she was honoured with the "Mujer Orgullo de Colombia" award in 2023.

Check out her TikTok profile.

98. Hervin Yeomans (Chile)

Chilean journalist and avid reader Hervin Yeomans is a great example of how to merge two passions: journalism and literature. He uses his social media platforms to share literary content, including book reviews, recommendations, and discussions on culture and society. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

97. Ginnés Rodríguez (Costa Rica)

Ginnés Rodríguez is a Costa Rican journalist and television presenter. With over a decade at Telenoticias and now as the host of "Informe 11" on Repretel, she has become a familiar face in Costa Rican households. 

Through her active presence on social media, she shares moments of her life, offering encouragement and positivity to her followers.

Check out her TikTok profile.

96. Manuela Camacho (Peru)

Manuela Camacho is not just a journalist; her career is characterised by her activism and commitment to social justice. Born in Bogotá and raised in Peru, she began her career in television before transitioning into journalism, working on shows like “La Banda del Chino” and “Al Sexto Día”. Seeking editorial freedom, she launched independent platforms such as “Dilo Fuerte” and “Sexo ConSentido”, which focus on verified news and sexual education.

In 2024, facing threats to her safety, Manuela Camacho was forced into exile—a stark reminder of the dangers women journalists face in Latin America. Although she has not disclosed her current location, her voice remains strong through her independent platforms, where she continues to advocate for truth, justice, and gender equality.

Check out her TikTok profile.

95. Meredith Serracín (Panama)

Meredith Serracín is a seasoned Panamanian journalist renowned for her field reporting and commitment to social justice. With over a decade at TVN Noticias, she has covered everything from political protests to gender-based violence, often placing herself in the heart of unfolding events. Serracín has reported amidst tear gas and flying debris during demonstrations. Her work also highlights systemic issues, such as digital political violence against women and femicide, advocating for stronger protections and public awareness. 

Check out her TikTok profile.

94. Stephany Sánchez Pinheiro (Bolivia)

Stephany Sánchez Pinheiro is a Bolivian journalist and television presenter who has successfully transitioned from the world of beauty pageants to a prominent media career. She gained national recognition as Miss Pando and first runner-up in Miss Bolivia 2016, and later won the international title of Miss Mesoamérica 2017. Currently, she is a presenter on Red Uno's “Notivisión Primero” and “El Mañanero” and produces weekly segments such as “Emprendedores” and “Caminando Santa Cruz”. 

Check out her TikTok profile.

93. Juanita Gómez (Colombia)

Juanita Gómez is a Colombian journalist and digital content creator. After over a decade at Noticias Caracol, where she served as a political reporter and weekend news anchor, she joined “Revista Semana” in 2022 as Director of Video. In this role, she focuses on producing news content tailored for digital audiences. 

Gómez has garnered a substantial following on social media, particularly on TikTok, where she shares videos on current events.

Check out her TikTok profile.

92. Suyen Cortez Rojas (Nicaragua)

Suyen Cortez Rojas is a well-known Nicaraguan journalist who built a solid career at the popular Canal 13, where she became a familiar face to viewers across the country. After years in traditional media, she made a bold shift toward entrepreneurship, focusing on her own business ventures and building a strong presence on digital platforms.

Through TikTok and other social media, she shares content that blends lifestyle, coaching, and personal growth. Her journey reflects not only her media experience but also a strong entrepreneurial spirit.

Check out her TikTok profile.

91. Rodolfo Masís (Costa Rica)

Rodolfo Masís began his career on TikTok, where he gained attention by narrating football matches and offering dynamic analyses of Costa Rican teams like Saprissa, Alajuelense, and Herediano. His engaging content opened doors to traditional media, and he now works in television as a sports journalist with “Tercer Tiempo” on Opa Canal 38, continuing to build his presence as a passionate voice in Costa Rican sports commentary.

Check out his Tiktok profile.

90. María José Arboleda, “La Maja colombiana” (Colombia)

Passionate about fashion and image, La Maja is a prominent Colombian journalist and style consultant. With a background in Business Administration and Textile Design, she has successfully combined her love for fashion with her professional expertise in communication. Her career spans roles in both public and private institutions, as well as freelance journalism for publications like Revista Fucsia and Revista Credencial. Currently, La Maja serves as Head of Image at Canal RCN and hosts the "Moda con la Maja" segment on NTN24's Flash Fashion. 

She has built a significant presence on digital platforms like Instagram and TikTok, where she shares content on fashion, trends, and image consulting. 

Check out her TikTok profile.

89. Carlos Valverde Bravo (Bolivia)

Carlos Valverde Bravo is a Bolivian journalist, writer, and lawyer, born in Santa Cruz de la Sierra. He began his media career in the 1990s with ATB's “Estudio Abierto” and later worked with PAT and Cadena A. 

Known for his candid and confrontational style, he has faced political pressure and censorship, prompting a temporary self-exile in Argentina. Despite challenges, his program “Sin Compostura” continues to reach millions through platforms like YouTube and Facebook. 

His unwavering commitment to investigative journalism and freedom of expression has solidified his status as a leading voice in Bolivian media.

Check out his TikTok profile.

88. "Soy Alan" (Ecuador)  

Alan is an Ecuadorian journalist known for his engaging storytelling and travel experiences. 

His work showcases the rich diversity of Ecuador, sharing his adventures and insights into Ecuadorian culture and cuisine.

In recognition of his influence, Soy Alan was nominated for the 2025 Influencer Awards in the Travel category on TikTok. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

87. Rodrigo Vessoni (Brazil)

Rodrigo Vessoni is a seasoned Brazilian sports journalist renowned for his in-depth coverage of Corinthians, one of Brazil's most prominent football clubs. 

He began his career at Rádio Transamérica and spent over a decade at LANCE! before joining Meu Timão in 2017, where he continues to provide comprehensive reporting on the club. In March 2024, Vessoni expanded his reach as a commentator on the G4 program at Bandsports. His expertise and longevity in covering Corinthians have made him a trusted voice among fans. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

86. Jesús Omar Arias Domínguez, “El Tanke Arias” (Peru)

Jesús Omar "El Tanke" Arias Domínguez is a prominent Peruvian sports journalist and commentator. He began his career in radio, later transitioning to television, where he gained recognition through programs like "El Show del Fútbol" and as a narrator for "Esto es Guerra". 

Arias has been a key figure in sports broadcasting, working with major networks such as Gol Perú, RPP Noticias, América Televisión, and Latina Televisión, covering events including the Copa América and the Liga Nacional Superior de Vóley. 

Beyond broadcasting, Arias has contributed to the academic field as a professor at ISIL, mentoring aspiring journalists. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

85. Sol Lawer (Argentina)

Sol Lawler is an Argentine sports journalist and digital content creator from Córdoba, best known for her coverage of Argentine football and her passion for San Lorenzo. 

She is active on TikTok, where she shares live commentary, match analyses, and fan-focused content.

Check out her TikTok profile.

84. Sarah Sanabria (Bolivia)

For Sarah Sanabria, blending humour and journalism is not only possible, but it's also a powerful way to engage audiences. A Bolivian journalist, digital content creator, and radio host from Cochabamba, Sarah has become known for her sharp political satire and insightful storytelling. 

Her TikTok account has garnered national attention, where she merges humour with incisive commentary on Bolivian politics and society. As an openly intersex and trans woman, Sarah uses her platform to advocate for LGBTQ+ rights and mental health awareness.

Check out her TikTok profile.

83. Salvador Hicar (Paraguay)

Salvador Hicar is a renowned Paraguayan sports journalist and broadcaster. He began his media career at the age of 14, working in radio and print journalism in Asunción. Hicar gained national prominence through his coverage of Paraguay's matches, notably his iconic commentary during the 2010 FIFA World Cup. 

In 2025, he joined Nación Media's Versus team, leading the "Versus Radio" program on GEN and Universo 970 AM, and resumed narrating key matches, including the Paraguayan national team's World Cup qualifiers. On TikTok and YouTube, Hicar shares sports insights and personal anecdotes.

Check out his TikTok profile.

82. Marco Parra (Chile)

Marco Parra is a Chilean journalist and digital content creator known for blending sports analysis with humour and commentary. His content, centred on football news, player transfers, and FIFA-related discussions, reaches audiences through platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

81. Meche Pesantes (Ecuador)

For Meche Pesantes, combining journalism with creativity and authenticity has opened doors both on screen and online. 

An Ecuadorian journalist and television presenter, she became well known as the host of the entertainment segment “En Corto” on Teleamazonas, where she also reported on community issues. After two years with the network, she stepped away in 2023 to pursue new academic and professional projects. 

Pesantes’s ability to connect with audiences through compelling storytelling has earned her a solid place in Ecuadorian media. Today, she continues to engage followers on social media, offering a mix of journalistic insight, behind-the-scenes moments, and reflections on her personal journey.

Check out her TikTok profile.

80. Angel Peña (Venezuela)

Combining journalism, theatre, and digital creativity, Angel Peña has crafted a distinctive voice in Venezuelan media. 

Through satire and personal anecdotes, Peña sheds light on the everyday realities of life in Venezuela, using comedy as a bridge to connect and reflect. His ability to balance entertainment with social awareness has earned him a strong following and a respected place in the country’s digital storytelling landscape.

Check out his TikTok profile.

79. Jefferson Merchán (Ecuador)

Jefferson Merchán is an Ecuadorian digital journalist known for his engaging storytelling and exploration of local culture. He has served as a news presenter and reporter for the digital channel VITO TVO and worked as a public relations officer for the Governor’s Office of Guayas Province. 

Currently, Merchán’s social media content often features visits to local eateries, cultural events, and behind-the-scenes glimpses into Ecuadorian life.

Check out his TikTok profile.

78. Hernán Lirio (Argentina)

Hernán Lirio is an Argentine journalist and television host. His media career began at age 12 and moved to Buenos Aires at 19 to pursue his dreams in broadcasting. Lirio currently hosts “Tenés que ir” and “Feliz Vida”, with the former earning a Martín Fierro nomination for Best Travel Program in 2024. 

Lirio shares his adventures and personal moments, often featuring his beloved dog Ramoncito on social media. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

77. José David Araujo (Ecuador)

José David Araujo is an Ecuadorian automotive journalist and digital creator who has carved out a niche by making car culture accessible and entertaining. 

As the founder of AutoRanking Ecuador and creator of Araujo Group, he’s helped shape the national conversation around vehicles and driving experiences. His content blends test drives, vehicle comparisons, and industry trends. 

Check out his TikTok profile.

76. Wilo Prado (Ecuador)

Wilo Prado is a versatile Ecuadorian journalist and media entrepreneur.

Based in Cuenca, he anchors news programs on UnsionTV and contributes as a correspondent for TC Televisión. He also leads Wilo Prado Studio, a company focused on producing digital content and audiovisual production for companies and personal brands. In addition to his media work, he serves as Director of Institutional Communication.

Prado shares a mix of news, cultural commentary and behind-the-scenes moments.

Check out his TikTok profile.

Discover the next part of the list (numbers 51-75) on May 24.

This list was created with the help of HypeAuditor and is based on the Audience Quality Score (AQS) . In case of a tie between two or more personalities, we used the engagement rate to establish the order. The keywords used in our search were 'journalist', 'journalism', 'host' and 'presenter' in all Latin American countries.

Read more from this series exploring TikTok journalism across the Global South:

Top journalists in Southeast Asia. Part 3.

Top journalists in Southeast Asia. Part 2.

Top journalists in Southeast Asia. Part 1

Top journalists in Africa. Part 3.

Top journalists in Africa. Part 2.

Top journalists in Africa. Part 1.

According to the Armenian National Institute , more than 30 nations, primarily in Europe and the Americas, have passed resolutions through either national or regional parliaments acknowledging the 1915 mass killings of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire (Turkish Empire) as genocide.

Widespread recognition across the West

Countries including France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Russia, and much of South America—from Argentina to Chile—have adopted national-level declarations. These recognitions reflect not only a historical judgment but also a contemporary call for human rights, justice, and remembrance. In the United States , recognition was formalised in 2019 through congressional resolutions after decades of advocacy from Armenian diaspora communities.

Regional support and symbolic actions

The map also highlights areas where regional parliaments, such as those in Australia , parts of Spain, and Switzerland, have adopted similar positions, often ahead of their national governments. These subnational recognitions carry moral and educational significance, amplifying awareness at the grassroots and local legislative levels.

Why recognition matters

Labelling the 1915 atrocities as genocide is not merely a symbolic act. It serves as a bulwark against denialism, sets legal and moral precedents, and contributes to international norms on genocide prevention. Scholars estimate that between 1 million and 1.5 million Armenians were systematically exterminated. Turkey, the successor state to the Ottoman Empire, continues to reject the genocide label, framing the deaths as part of broader wartime casualties.

A divided world

Despite increasing recognition, several countries in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East remain absent from the list, often citing geopolitical alliances with Turkey or fears of disrupting regional stability. In the Middle East, where historical tensions remain sensitive, diplomatic caution often overrides humanitarian acknowledgement.

Desde su lanzamiento en 2023 en Chile y su expansión a México y Brasil, Toku ha conseguido 475 clientes, principalmente en los sectores de seguros, préstamos, gestión de propiedades, educación y servicios públicos. La firma de capital riesgo Oak HC/FT lideró la reciente financiación, junto con inversores existentes como F-Prime Capital y Gradient Ventures. Antes de esta ronda, Toku había conseguido 9 millones de dólares a través de Acuerdo Simple para Acciones Futuras en 2022.

Con una recaudación récord, Toku busca posicionarse en un mercado de pagos en Latinoamérica que se caracteriza por su fragmentación. Cristina Etcheberry destaca que en la región, el 95% de las empresas utilizan bancos locales para procesar pagos; las fintech estadounidenses tienen poca penetración. Además, los métodos de pago en Latinoamérica varían significativamente entre países, siendo el sistema Pix en Brasil y Spei en México ejemplos de soluciones locales.

Toku facilita a las empresas la aceptación de pagos de diversos procesadores y la gestión de recordatorios de facturación. Su software optimiza el flujo de pagos, minimizando el número de fallos en las transacciones. A medida que la empresa continúa creciendo, su enfoque se dirige hacia la expansión en Brasil y la consolidación de su imagen como un referente en la tecnología de pagos en la región.

In recent years, Chile’s fertility rate has fallen to one of the lowest in Latin America, driven by social, economic, and cultural changes. Factors such as delayed childbearing, rising living costs, greater educational and career opportunities for women, and changing family dynamics have contributed to this demographic shift.

However, foreign-born women residing in Chile are helping to cushion the impact, making up a growing proportion of total births. Many of these women come from neighboring countries such as Peru, Venezuela, Bolivia, Haiti, and Colombia, and tend to have children at younger ages and in greater numbers compared to Chilean-born women.

The camera was made in Menlo Park, California, at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.

It is the size of a small car and weighs about 6,000 pounds . Scientists had to design special parts to build it, as no existing components were big enough for the job.

Once completed, the camera was flown to Chile on a chartered Boeing 747, along with other equipment needed for installation.

Now placed inside the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, the camera will scan the sky repeatedly, creating a detailed time-lapse of the universe.

 Scientists hope this will help answer big questions about space, including how galaxies form and why the universe is expanding so fast.

The camera will also help study dark matter, the invisible substance that makes up most of the universe, and map the Milky Way in greater detail than ever before.

The camera has a massive 3-billion-pixel sensor and the largest lens ever made for astronomy.

It was designed to capture as much of the sky as possible, making it one of the most powerful tools ever created for space research.

Aaron Roodman, the leader of the project, said, “We like to say that we're going to make a colour movie of the entire Southern Hemisphere sky.”

The first test images are expected next month. The data collected will be available to scientists in the U.S. and selected international partners.

Researchers believe the camera could lead to unexpected discoveries, as it will allow them to see space in a way never done before.

If all goes well, the full project, known as the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, will begin later this year.

In 2024, the average Chilean ate 8.6 kilos of avocado over the year. This is a record for the country .

The fruits are being used more locally rather than being exported, contributing significantly to the achievement.

A decade ago, only 30% of the avocados grown in Chile were sold locally, however, that number is now close to 50%.

Price is another big factor. Avocados have remained affordable in recent years, making them easy for families to buy regularly. In wholesale markets, they can cost as little as $176 per kilo.

Avocados are also popular because they are healthy. They are packed with good fats and essential nutrients, making them a key part of the Chilean diet.

The fruit is not only a favourite food but also a major business. The Chilean avocado industry makes about $700 million a year, showing how important it is to the country’s economy.

Brazil and Mexico stand as the undisputed economic giants of Latin America.

With a GDP of $2.331 trillion, Brazil is the largest economy in Latin America, accounting for over 51% of the region's GDP. According to the World Bank's 2023 report , the country's GDP is driven by a huge labour market and fiscal transfers.

On the other hand, Mexico's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is $2,017 trillion, with a nominal GDP of $9,946. The industrial sector, which encompasses manufacturing, mining, oil, and gas, has contributed roughly 25% to 35% of Mexico's GDP over the past 35 years, remaining relatively consistent.

Beyond the economic giants, Brazil and Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile form the next tier of significant economies in Latin America.

Argentina's GDP is $604.3 billion, and the country's service and manufacturing industries are responsible for this huge figure.

Colombia has consistently demonstrated steady economic growth, driven by prudent fiscal policies, investments in infrastructure, and a thriving services sector. The country's economic progress has been remarkable; its GDP is $386.1 billion.

Chile is described as one of the most developed economies in Latin America. The mining powerhouse has a GDP of $333.8 billion. This is multiplied by a strong mining sector pushed by copper, gold, and other minerals.

"This is the first vaccine of this type in the world for dogs," said Leonardo Saenz from the University of Chile's veterinary sciences faculty.

Saenz and his team have been developing the vaccine since 2009, and it began distribution in Chile this month. The vaccine stimulates antibodies to halt the production of sex hormones in both male and female dogs for a full year.

"This immunological product we designed has a similarity, let's say, to a hormone found in mammals, present in both males and females. Therefore, the generation of these antibodies binds to this natural, endogenous hormone and blocks it," Saenz explained. It prevents the hormone from having its effect, thereby stopping the hormone production cascade and sexual behaviour in animals.

The Egalitte vaccine has been patented in 40 countries, including the United States , Argentina, Brazil, and throughout the European Union. In Chile, the cost is $50 per injection.

Ivan Gutierrez, a 27-year-old student, took his dog Franchesco to a veterinary clinic in Santiago for the vaccine. "I didn't really want him to have the operation," he said. "So, I looked for a less invasive option that wouldn't affect him as much."

An alternative method of temporary sterilization involves inserting a hormonal implant under the skin, but Saenz cautioned that it can cause side effects. The new vaccine aims to provide a safer and reversible option for dog owners.

Chile has taken significant steps towards a sustainable future by securing a $100 million loan from the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). This 20-year loan, which features a grace period of 5.5 years with interest rates linked to SOFR, aims to facilitate Chile’s transition to a carbon-neutral economy. The funds are earmarked for crucial areas such as climate adaptation, biodiversity protection, and enhancing climate planning for public and private sector investments. Furthermore, Brazilian payments company Stone is actively seeking up to $50 million from the International Finance Corporation to support women-owned micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in the Amazon region, Latin Finance reports.

2.7% spending increase in 2025 budget

In tandem with economic measures, Chile's President Gabriel Boric has outlined a proposal for a 2.7% increase in the 2025 national budget. This proposed budget prioritises funding for pensions, healthcare, and national security, including an additional $1.5 billion for justice and security initiatives. To strengthen public safety, there are plans to increase police presence and officer remuneration. President Boric has marked security concerns as a primary focus while addressing migration issues, advocating for the expulsion of individuals who fail to register officially. Notably, the proposed budget also aims to enhance immunisation programmes by 42% and digitalise 240 permit processes to stimulate investment, with an overall economic growth target of 2.6%. The budget proposal is set to be presented to Congress for approval within a 60-day timeframe, MarketScreener highlights.

Racing concerns

Environmental concerns are rising as off-road racing activities in Chile’s Atacama Desert have been identified as a significant threat to ancient geoglyphs, particularly in the Tarapacá region. Recent drone footage by the Atacama Desert Foundation has revealed extensive damage characterised by tire tracks that obscure historic carvings, some dating back over 1,000 years. Archaeologist Gonzálo Pimentel has noted this as one of the most severe instances of damage recorded. According to Hyperallergic , the popularity of off-road racing among tourists, coupled with the absence of effective protective measures, endangers the cultural heritage of the region. Pimentel has expressed concern that unless proactive measures are implemented, the destruction of these irreplaceable artefacts is likely to escalate.

Chile seeks to import India's iconic trains

On the international railway front, several countries, including Chile, Canada, and Malaysia, are showing interest in importing India's Vande Bharat trains, celebrated for their cost-effectiveness and impressive performance metrics. The manufacturing costs of these trains in India range from Rs 120-130 crores, notably less than the Rs 160-180 crores associated with equivalent models from other nations. The Vande Bharat trains boast a remarkable acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in just 52 seconds, surpassing Japan's bullet trains, while also achieving lower noise output and energy consumption. Indian Railways is committed to expanding its network, targeting an addition of 40,000 kilometres to the existing 31,000 kilometres of rail tracks in the coming years, Zee News reports. Railways Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has highlighted ongoing advancements in the bullet train project alongside the installation of the indigenous Kavach automatic train protection system across the upcoming network to reduce accidents by 80%. Complementary safety measures are being instituted, including rigorous inspections and track renewals.

Demand for needle grass

In agricultural contexts, attention has turned to Chilean needle grass, identified as a highly invasive perennial weed detrimental to ecosystems and agricultural viability in southeast NSW. Closely related to the serrated tussock, this species can proliferate unnoticed for extended periods due to its blending capabilities with other vegetation. The threat posed by Chilean needle grass includes its dominance over native flora, reduction in biodiversity, and potential injuries to livestock from its sharp seeds. Effective management strategies are necessary to control this invasive species, reports the Mirage .

Protesters called for broader access to abortion services, in line with President Gabriel Boric's recent promise.

In June, Boric announced plans to introduce a bill by the end of 2024 that would expand the legal grounds for abortion in the country.

The demonstrators, made up of students, activists, and supporters, called for the implementation of free, public, and safe abortion services, arguing it is essential for public health and women's rights.

Mariana Perez, a 20-year-old student, said, "Free, public, and safe abortion has yet to be implemented in Chile, and I believe it is necessary as a matter of public health, beyond the ideals one may have."

Women's rights activist Angelica Salas, 34, echoed the sentiment, advocating for the decriminalisation of abortion. "I think it is very important that we women have the right to decide. And that the only important thing is that it is our decision," she said.

The protest featured dancing, drum performances, and chants demanding change.