Video from the scene showed a bus carrying Yoon leaving the court complex as crowds waved U.S. and South Korean flags, chanting and beating drums. Some demonstrators held placards reading “Yoon is not guilty,” “There was no insurrection,” and “Martial law was justifiable.”

Of these, 566 links were targeted for allegedly disrupting public order.

The data, compiled by the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre, reveals that only a small fraction of the notices related to clear criminal activity. Just 14 notices across a 20-month period alleged offences such as betting scams, impersonation linked to financial fraud , or child sexual abuse material.

Instead, much of the enforcement focused on speech-related concerns, including content aimed at political leaders and public figures. At least 124 URLs were flagged for targeting politicians, while others were accused of spreading misinformation or defamation.

The scale of intervention spiked during sensitive political moments. During the Lok Sabha elections in April and May 2024 alone, authorities flagged 761 URLs, including nearly 200 links accused of violating election laws. One single notice, issued on May 13, 2024, sought the removal of 115 URLs over an allegedly doctored video said to influence voters.

X has repeatedly objected to several of these orders, arguing that posts cited by the government did not violate the laws invoked. In some cases, the platform asked officials to reconsider takedown demands involving opposition party accounts and political commentary.

At the centre of the dispute is the legal route used by the government. The MHA has relied on Section 79(3)(b), which deals with intermediary liability, rather than Section 69A of the IT Act — the provision traditionally used for blocking online content on grounds such as national security or public order.

X argues that using Section 79(3)(b) widens the state’s power to remove content without the procedural safeguards built into Section 69A, including clearer thresholds and a more formal review process. The company has challenged the legality of the government’s Sahyog portal, which issues such notices, in the Karnataka High Court.

The government, for its part, says X has questioned both the authority of officials issuing notices and the classification of content as unlawful. In its court filings, the MHA maintains that the takedowns are necessary to prevent unrest, misinformation and threats to public order.

The pattern of notices also shows how broadly “public order” has been interpreted, covering everything from allegedly manipulated images of senior leaders to critical posts about government institutions. Critics say this blurs the line between preventing harm and suppressing dissent.

As the courts weigh X’s challenge, the figures underline a larger question facing India’s digital governance: where regulation ends and censorship begins — and who gets to draw that line in the world ’s largest democracy.

Justice Jasgurpreet Singh Puri issued the order after reviewing a medical report in a case and realising that not a single word was readable.

What began as a moment of courtroom confusion became a serious question about patient safety. “Legible medical prescription is a fundamental right," the court said. 

The ruling now requires doctors across Punjab, Haryana, and Chandigarh to either write prescriptions in clear capital letters or switch to typed or digital formats.

The court also directed medical schools to train students on writing legibly, calling it a professional responsibility as vital as diagnosis itself.

Beyond India, the problem is well-documented. A U.S. study once linked around 7,000 deaths a year to medication errors caused by misread prescriptions.

Other research has shown that unclear instructions and abbreviations can lead to serious medical mistakes, from wrong dosages to dispensing the wrong drugs.

Indian doctors acknowledge the issue but point to heavy workloads, often dozens of patients in a day, as a key challenge.

"It's a well-known fact that many doctors have poor handwriting, but that's because most medical practitioners are very busy, especially in overcrowded government hospitals," Dr Dilip Bhanushali, president of the Indian Medical Association, said.

What’s in the bill:

The initiative comes amid reports of rising violence, injuries, and even deaths linked to public drinking, particularly in tourist areas. “This is about restoring peace and safety in our communities,” Morera said in his remarks.

The Supreme Court has ruled that the bill does not alter judicial structures, meaning it requires only 29 votes in the Legislative Assembly to pass, instead of 38. However, justices cautioned that more resources may be needed to manage new cases.

Costa Rica, long known for its stability and tourism-driven economy, faces growing pressure to balance civil liberties with security in urban hubs and coastal towns popular with visitors.

The ruling followed adjustments made by Noboa’s government to the framework for electing assembly members and defining electoral districts. In a statement, the Court said the corrections complied with constitutional standards and stressed that the choice of adopting a new charter “belongs exclusively to the Ecuadorian people ”.

With the green light from the Court, Noboa’s administration can now issue a presidential decree to call the vote. Under Ecuadorian law, the National Electoral Council would then have 15 days to summon the referendum, which must be held within 60 days. The ballot will also include previously approved reforms on political party financing and the presence of foreign military bases in Ecuador.

The move comes amid heightened political tensions. Noboa, recently re-elected with 55.6% of the vote, faces strong opposition from the leftist Revolución Ciudadana movement led by former president Rafael Correa. Correa has rejected the idea of a new constitution and framed the referendum as an opportunity to challenge Noboa’s hold on power.

Earlier, the Court had reminded the president that “no authority may disregard constitutional procedures”, a reference to the requirement that referendum questions must be reviewed by the Court before being put to a vote. Noboa had attempted to bypass this process.

In defiance, the president issued decree 153 on Saturday, repealing the suspended order but again calling for a referendum on a Constituent Assembly. He argued that the Constitution empowers him to call such a vote directly and dismissed the need for “additional requirements”.

The dispute comes as tensions grow between Noboa and the Constitutional Court. Earlier this week, the president accused the judges of “pure political activism” after they struck down several questions he had proposed for another referendum later this year. One question the Court did approve, however, asks voters whether to lift the constitutional ban on foreign military bases — a controversial measure Noboa claims is necessary to combat organised crime.

The Indonesian government has facilitated local bag maker Summit Travel Goods to export 5,830 bags valued at over US$49,000 to US consumers through Tanjung Emas Port. As reported by Ruwia Purnama Adie of Kudus Customs, this initiative aims to empower MSMEs by streamlining export procedures and providing technical guidance, helping local businesses compete internationally and stimulate regional economies.

Spirulina enhances livestock productivity in Indonesia

According to Puji Lestari from BRIN, Indonesians are adopting Spirulina spp. as an effective low-cost feed supplement for livestock, improving the nutrition and growth of animals. Spirulina is nutrient-rich and resilient, thriving in extreme environments while helping combat climate change. Researchers note that supplementing Spirulina at just 1% of an animal's body weight can significantly enhance livestock productivity.

Accelerated rollout of free meals programme in Indonesia

In a recent virtual meeting, Indonesia’s leaders, led by Karnavian, were urged to expedite the rollout of the MBG programme, aimed at improving child nutrition and creating jobs. This flagship initiative, launched on January 6, targets vulnerable groups and seeks to strengthen local food supply chains, furthering economic growth at regional and national levels.

Indonesia negotiates zero tariffs on key commodities with the US

As reported by Susiwijono Moegiarso, Indonesia is negotiating with the US for zero tariffs on key commodities like crude palm oil, coffee, and cocoa, despite a 19% tariff currently in place. Discussions led by Economic Affairs Minister Airlangga Hartarto are also aiming to address restrictions and enhance bilateral trade capabilities.

Ex-minister sentenced for sugar import scandal

Former Indonesian trade minister Thomas Trikasih Lembong was sentenced to 4.5 years in prison for improperly issuing sugar import permits, resulting in significant state losses. The Jakarta court found him guilty of prioritising private interests over regulatory procedures. Lembong contended his prosecution was politically motivated due to his opposition ties, though prosecutors refuted this claim.

  What they said

Ghannouchi’s attorneys said in a statement , “All accusations were based on a false and contradictory testimony by a secret, anonymous witness who failed to present any evidence for his baseless and contradictory allegations, and who ultimately retracted most of them." His lawyers denounce what they call “unjustified judicial harassment” by the authorities and are calling for the release of imprisoned Islamist leaders.

What they said

Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra expressed deep concern about the issue, saying, "If you ask me whether I’m worried, I am."

The incident allegedly involved Brown attacking music producer Abe Diaw with a bottle , followed by punches and kicks, at Tape nightclub in Mayfair.

The assault, captured on surveillance video, occurred in front of numerous witnesses.

Brown was initially charged with grievous bodily harm but now faces additional charges, including assault causing actual bodily harm and possessing an offensive weapon.

The vote was part of a judicial reform aimed at renewing the court, though critics say it risks politicising justice.

The judges will take office on September 1. The candidate with the most votes , Hugo Aguilar Ortiz, is expected to serve as chief justice for a two-year term.

Hugo Aguilar Ortiz

Aguilar, who received the most votes, is a 51-year-old Indigenous lawyer from Oaxaca. He currently works with the National Institute of Indigenous Peoples and has long defended Indigenous communities in legal disputes.

Though he has never served as a judge, Aguilar is known for his work on human rights and legal reforms. His slogan during the campaign was “It’s our turn,” reflecting his push for greater Indigenous representation in the judiciary.

Lenia Batres Guadarrama

Batres is a current Supreme Court justice and a close ally of the Morena party. She received the second-highest number of votes.

Appointed during President López Obrador’s term, Batres has supported many of the government ’s legal and social reforms.

Giovanni Azael Figueroa Mejía

Figueroa is a lawyer with a doctorate in constitutional law. He is one of the top four male vote-getters and has focused much of his career on legal education and constitutional matters.

Irving Espinoza Betanzo

Espinoza serves as an anti-corruption magistrate in Mexico City. His work has focused on strengthening integrity within public institutions, and he has been seen as supportive of the current administration’s fight against corruption.

Arístides Rodrigo Guerrero García

Guerrero is a lawyer and former government official in Mexico City. He is known for his administrative experience and support for Morena’s legal reforms.

Ana Catalina Herrerías Minjares

Herrerías is a high-ranking official in Mexico’s federal prosecution service. She is expected to bring experience from criminal justice institutions into the Supreme Court.

María Estela Ríos González

Ríos served as legal advisor to President López Obrador during his administration. She is a lawyer with deep ties to the Morena party and is known for her support of left-leaning legal positions.

Bertha Alcalde Luján

Alcalde is a lawyer and public health official. She is the sister of Mexico’s current interior minister and has previously been involved in judicial reform efforts.

Netzaí Sandoval Ballesteros

Sandoval is a legal scholar and former official at Mexico’s Federal Judiciary Council. He has advocated for legal changes in line with Morena’s broader reform agenda.

The new judges are expected to play a key role in shaping Mexico’s legal landscape.

According to local reports , many students and activists have fought against the rule, saying it was outdated and unfair.

The rule originally came from a military order in 1972, which wanted students to look disciplined and behave a certain way.

But the court said the rule violated students' rights and did not follow Thailand’s constitution or child protection laws.

The fight to change this rule began in 2020 when a group of 23 students filed a petition.

 Over the years, schools had already started relaxing hairstyle rules, but some still enforced them strictly.

With this court decision, schools can now decide their own policies.

Not everyone is happy about this change. Some teachers and traditionalists believe strict rules help students develop discipline.

 On social media, critics said that without clear punishments, some schools might still pressure students to follow the old rules. A student activist group called "Bad Student" has been pushing for more educational reforms, saying Thai schools focus too much on appearance instead of real learning.

Thailand’s education system has long been criticised for being too focused on uniforms and discipline rather than preparing students for the modern world.

The court’s decision could lead to more changes in the way schools operate.

In January, Brazil experienced fluctuating trends in pork prices. Increased demand from the industry resulted in higher prices for live swine and pork cuts in regions such as Goiás and Paraná. However, a downturn in overall demand due to reduced purchasing power led to declines in other areas. Exports of pork decreased by 3.2% compared to December 2024, with daily averages estimated at 4.4 thousand tons. If the current trend persists, total shipments could potentially reach 95.8 thousand tons.

Court ruling for slain journalist

The family of journalist Vladimir Herzog, who faced torture and execution during Brazil's military dictatorship, is celebrating a court ruling. This ruling provides his widow, Clarice Herzog, with a monthly stipend exceeding 34,000 reais (approximately $6,000) for life. This decision, enacted by a federal court in Brasília, reflects ongoing reconciliation efforts within Brazil as the nation continues to address the impacts of its two-decade-long dictatorship, wdrb reports.

Inflation

Brazil's Finance Minister, Fernando Haddad, has projected that inflation rates will remain above the target of 4.5% until June. According to money.usnews , he anticipates a positive surprise owing to strict monetary policy from the central bank, a robust crop yield, and appreciation of the Brazilian real. Current forecasts predict an inflation rate of 5.51% by the end of 2025, which surpasses the target range set by the monetary authority. Haddad noted that although inflation is expected to be persistent due to high-interest rates, any price declines may occur more swiftly than earlier predictions. In light of these concerns, the central bank raised the benchmark interest rate to 13.25%, with further increases possible in March, despite criticism from President Lula over the high rates.

Coffee production

The coffee sector in Brazil is facing rising concerns related to the emergence of "fake coffee" products, attributed to skyrocketing coffee prices. According to the Brazilian Coffee Roasters Association (ABIC), several powdered coffee products have been found to contain minimal actual coffee, instead incorporating coffee waste and artificial flavouring agents. With prices soaring over 50% in three months amid supply constraints caused by weather conditions, ABIC has approached health authorities and the Agriculture Ministry to address the legality of such misleading products. One notable product, Oficial do Brasil, is marketed under false pretences yet is claimed by producer Master Blends to be government-sanctioned. These counterfeit coffee items are retailing at approximately one-third the cost of genuine coffee, gmanetwork reports.

Warship discovered

The Brazilian Navy has confirmed the location of the "Vital de Oliveira," a warship sunk by a Nazi submarine on July 19, 1944, off Brazil's coast. This incident resulted in the deaths of around 100 out of 270 crew members. Although the wreck was originally discovered in 2011, its identification was recently achieved through advanced sonar imaging techniques. Initially named "Itaúba," the ship was repurposed during WWII to transport Allied forces. Smithsonianmag reports that the vessel is recognised as the only Brazilian Navy ship destroyed by enemy action, with German submarines also responsible for sinking 34 Brazilian merchant vessels during the conflict. Brazil played a significant role in World War II, contributing over 25,000 men to the Brazilian Expeditionary Force.

The meeting will review the judiciary’s work over the past year, discuss challenges, and explore ways to improve the justice system.

Court registries and magistrate courts, however, will remain open, local news outlets report.

Justice Mike Chibita, who is organising the event, said more than 400 judges and senior court officials will take part.

President Yoweri Museveni is expected to attend as the main guest. The conference will focus on how courts can better serve Ugandans and support the country’s development.

After the conference, on Friday, February 7, the judiciary will hold its official New Law Year event at its headquarters in Kampala.

Ongoing court cases will be delayed until the judges return to work.

The court said the women intended to sell the babies for money, calling it "an act of human trafficking."

Two years of their sentences have been suspended, but authorities have not shared what will happen to the babies after they are born.

A Cambodian woman who cooked meals for the group was also jailed for two months and one day.

Seven other Filipino women and four Vietnamese women, who were not pregnant, have also been deported.

Cambodia banned commercial surrogacy in 2016 but remains a hub for the illegal practice. Many surrogacy clients come from China, where demand is high due to eased childbearing policies.

In recent years, dozens of Cambodian women have been arrested for surrogacy. Most were released after agreeing to keep the children.

An Australian nurse was jailed in 2018 for running a surrogacy clinic in Cambodia.

Prosecutor Mohammad Tajul Islam said the defendants face charges of planning, inciting violence, and obstructing efforts to prevent killings.

“Committing genocide and crimes against humanity ensures you won't stay in power for long,” he told reporters.

The court gave prosecutors until December 17 to submit further evidence. Meanwhile, Bangladesh is seeking Interpol's help to extradite Hasina, who fled to India in August.

Hasina ruled for 15 years, during which she was accused of human rights abuses, including extrajudicial killings and detentions of political opponents. Efforts are ongoing to expand charges against her regime, which prosecutors say may involve crimes spanning over a decade.

International buyers are excited to participate in Pakistan's upcoming carpet expo in October. The Pakistan Carpet Manufacturers and Exporters Association is optimistic about the event's success and is seeking support from the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan. However, they expressed concern over Pakistan's declining share in the international handmade carpet market due to the lack of incentives, as reported by Dunya News .

PTI leaders granted bail in judicial complex vandalism case

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) leaders Omar Ayub and Shibli Faraz, among others, have been granted bail in a judicial complex vandalism case. The anti-terrorism court confirmed their bail and also accepted the bail plea of PTI founder Imran Khan and Asad Umar. According to Dunya News , the case hearing has been adjourned until September 4 due to the absence of one of the accused.

Threats to top judge over ‘blasphemy’ accusations

The Pakistani government has vowed action against a religious-political party for issuing death threats to the country's top judge over blasphemy accusations. The threats came after the judge granted bail to a member of the minority Ahmadi community accused of blasphemy, Arab News reports. The government condemned the threats and stated that the state would not accept dictation from any group. Human rights groups warn that Pakistan's blasphemy laws are often misused to settle personal scores.

Tribal conflicts leave 42 dead

A tribal feud in northwestern Pakistan has resulted in 42 deaths and 183 wounded. The conflict between the Sunni Muslim Madagi and the Shiite Mali Khel tribes began over a land dispute and has reignited longstanding religious tensions. The violence has been condemned by the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, which is calling for peaceful resolution through negotiations. Struggles to enforce the rule of law in the region continue despite its merger with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province in 2018, reports BSS News .

Cabin crew remanded for smuggling Saudi currency

A female Pakistan International Airlines flight attendant has been placed on judicial remand after being caught smuggling foreign currency at an international airport in Punjab province. Customs officials detained her on Friday after discovering a large amount of Saudi riyals hidden in her socks during a body search. She was produced before a magistrate on Saturday, where officials sought her custody. According to News18 , a video of the incident has gone viral on social media. An FIR was filed against her by Customs officials who intercepted her while she was boarding PIA flight PK 203 from Lahore to Dubai, according to Dawn News on Monday, July 29.

What they said

“We agree with the prosecution that the way the murder was conducted ‘shocked not only the judicial conscience but even the collective conscience of the society. This case is the rarest of the rare involving a heinous crime. Such cruelty must be stopped. Only Allah would know how they (the deceased's parents) must have been destroyed when they saw that their son was treated that way. Therefore we unanimously decide that there will be only one sentence for all six accused persons, where all of them shall be taken to the gallows where they will be hung to death," Justice Hadhariah Syed Ismail, who chaired a three-judge panel during the proceedings said on Tuesday, July 23, according to The Star .

Nzigiyimana Zabron, a citizen of Burundi, and Dominick Damian, a Tanzanian national, have been incarcerated on death row at Mwanza's Butimba Central Prison for over a decade, awaiting execution for their convictions of murder . For the past 12 years, they have been living in limbo, with their fate hanging in the balance, as they await the carrying out of their death sentences.

Despite growing opposition , Tanzania has retained the death penalty, which is enshrined in the country's Penal Code, making it one of several African countries retaining it. In 1999, the African Commission for Human and People's Rights called on African Union member states to observe a moratorium on capital punishment.

Only eight countries including Rwanda and Burundi have abolished the death penalty in law and practice in the past 10 years, while others are considering formal abolition. Tanzania's last execution was in 1995, and Kenya, which still sentences people to death was executed in 1987.

However, by May 2023, there were 691 prisoners in Tanzanian prisons awaiting execution of their death sentences.

In February 2024, Zimbabwe became the latest African nation to join the death penalty abolition train. President Emmerson Mnangagwa who almost experienced such a reality during his youthful days describes the act as "cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment".

In 2023, Ghana eliminated the death penalty for all offences, with the sole exception being high treason. This move was part of a broader trend in the region, as Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic had already completely eradicated capital punishment in 2022. These nations are among the eight African countries that have fully abolished the death penalty since 2014, marking a shift towards more humane forms of justice.

Three miners are feared dead, with 11 others injured in a mining pit collapse incident in Dan Kamfani, Anka Local Government Area of Zamfara situated in the town of Anka in Nigeria. According to local news outlet Channels Television , an eyewitness report confirmed that the incident occurred around 4 pm on Thursday. The pit which is said to be 275 metres deep serves as a mining source for some small-scale miners in the area. Although the number of casualties is yet to be ascertained, eyewitness accounts indicate that the deceased are all from the Yar Tsabaya district in Anka LGA.

Arrests over cable theft

Four persons have been arrested by the Nigeria and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC), Anambra State Command for allegedly engaging in the vandalization of armoured cables and electrical installations around the Awka metropolis, the capital city of the state. In a statement, the NSCDC Public Relations Officer, Okadigbo Edwin said the arrests follow a tip-off from a concerned citizen who saw the suspects engaging in the theft incident. Chukwu, a male aged 37, of Ntezi Ebonyi State, Okwudiri Nnaji (male) aged 29 of Idodo Nkanu East Enugu State, Agu Ikechukwu (male) aged 20 from Ehamufu Isiuzo LGA Enugu State, and Chinecherem Idoho (male) from Uboloafor Udenu LGA Enugu State were named as the suspects, according to Nigerian press, Punch .

Accidental bombings aftermath

Nigeria’s Defence Minister, Dr. Bello Matawalle has condemned a recent accidental bombing incident by the Nigerian Army in Agabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State in Northern Nigeria. The Minister described as unfortunate the incident which occurred last week while pledging the ministry’s commitment to fighting terrorism in the country. The News Agency of Nigeria reported that the minister made these comments during a high-delegation visit to victims of the incident alongside Permanent Secretary to the Ministry, Dr. Ibrahim Kana.

Release of kidnapped NYSC members

Two abducted members of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) have been released following their kidnapping in Zamfara on their way to an orientation camp in Sokoto. The incident happened in August 2023 when eight prospective corp members who were going for the one-year national service were abducted on their way from Uyo, Akwa Ibom. Their families were asked by the kidnappers to send ransom in exchange for their relatives. The said abductees spent about 106 days in captivity because their parents could not raise the requested monies on time, Nigerian news outlet Premium Times reported. Four others are yet to be released.

Caution over religious disunity

Deputy Governor of Lagos State, Kadiri Obafemi Hamza has called for national unity and cohesion among citizens towards the development of Nigeria. As keynote speaker at the 8 th General Assembly of the Muslim Ummah of South West Nigeria (MUSWEN), iterated the importance of religious unity, while urging the country to redefine its politics with emphasis on merit and competence instead of region and religion. Nigeria’s The Guardian also noted that Hamza urged Nigerians to avoid ethnic and tribal tactics adopted by politicians for their selfish interests.

The event which happened in New York makes the Tunisian citizen the first Arab judge to have worked with the prestigious court since the beginning of its establishment in 2002.

Dr Mahfouz will play his role in the position for 9 years from 2024 to 2033, according to local news outlet Babnet .

The ICC is an international judicial body that was formed by a multilateral treaty called the Rome Statute. The ICC, which is independent of the United Nations, is based in The Hague, the Netherlands.

The ICC's 18 judges are elected by the Assembly of States Parties for their qualifications, impartiality and integrity, and serve 9-year, non-renewable terms.

They ensure fair trials and render decisions, but also issue arrest warrants or summonses to appear, authorize victims to participate, order witness protection measures, and more. They also elect, from among themselves, the ICC President and two vice presidents who head the Court.