OPEC, founded in 1960, has 13 member countries and collectively accounts for around 30% of global oil supply. Its role has been to coordinate production quotas to influence prices. The UAE, which joined in 1967, has been producing close to 3 million barrels per day in recent years, placing it among the bloc’s top producers.

The decision to leave reflects a change in strategy. According to reports, the UAE is stepping away “in favour of national interest”, signalling a move towards independent control of its oil output.

UAE Energy Minister Suhail Mohamed al-Mazrouei says in an interview with Reuters that, “This ​is a policy decision, it has been done after a careful look at current and future policies related to level of production”.

Why the UAE is stepping away

The UAE has expanded its production capacity to approximately 4 million barrels per day, with plans to increase this further. However, OPEC quotas have limited its ability to produce at full capacity.

This gap between capacity and allowed output has been a key source of tension. Analysts note that remaining within OPEC would continue to restrict the country’s ability to maximise revenue, particularly during periods of high oil prices.

The move also comes at a time of global uncertainty. Oil prices have risen above $100 per barrel amid supply disruptions linked to regional instability. These conditions have strengthened the case for flexibility in production decisions.

Impact on OPEC and global markets

The UAE’s departure reduces OPEC’s combined output and spare capacity. As one of the larger producers, its exit weakens the group’s ability to manage supply through coordinated cuts or increases.

Reports say the move is seen as “a blow to the world’s largest oil cartel”, highlighting concerns about the group’s cohesion. With fewer members adhering to quotas, OPEC’s influence over global prices may decline.

Despite this, the immediate impact may be limited. OPEC and its allies, often referred to as OPEC+, still control a significant share of global supply. Short-term price movements are also being driven by external factors, including geopolitical tensions and disruptions to shipping routes.

A shift towards independent strategy

Outside OPEC, the UAE will be free to adjust production without quota restrictions. This could allow it to increase output beyond current limits and take advantage of favourable market conditions.

The country’s approach aligns with its broader economic plans. Oil remains a major source of revenue, and the ability to produce closer to full capacity could strengthen its fiscal position. At the same time, the UAE continues to invest in diversifying its economy beyond hydrocarbons. 

The decision reflects a wider trend among producers. As global energy markets evolve, countries are increasingly prioritising domestic economic goals over collective agreements.

What this means for the future of the cartel

OPEC’s influence has depended on unity among its members . The UAE’s exit raises questions about whether other countries may reconsider their position, particularly if quota disagreements persist.

The organisation will continue to play a role in global energy markets, but its ability to act as a unified force may face greater challenges. The UAE’s move underscores a shift in the balance between cooperation and competition among oil-producing nations.