Organisers said the mission is supported by a coalition of more than 70 vessels and around 1,000 participants from over 70 countries. According to a statement from the Global Sumud Flotilla, the initiative has entered its final departure phase from Barcelona.

He said Indonesia had “never committed to contributing financially at all” and was not present at the founding donors’ meeting in Washington on February 19, where several countries made funding pledges.

Foreign Minister Sugiono had already moved to clarify the issue on March 17, saying the $1 billion figure was not a mandatory membership fee and that Indonesia’s participation in the board was not tied to any fixed financial contribution.

The Board of Peace is a 28-country coalition backing a US plan for post-war Gaza.

Earlier reports said donors at the Washington meeting had pledged an initial $17 billion for reconstruction, emergency relief and security stabilisation, including $10 billion from the United States and $7 billion from nine other countries.

Prabowo said Indonesia’s main contribution would instead be the possible deployment of peacekeeping troops, adding that Jakarta could take on a larger role once reconstruction begins. He pointed to Indonesia’s earlier humanitarian support for Palestine, including assistance channelled through the National Alms Agency and the construction of a hospital.

He also said Indonesia joined the board because it saw a pathway towards Palestinian statehood, citing parts of a 21-point US proposal that refer to statehood and dialogue between Israel and the Palestinians. Those provisions, he said, were in line with Indonesia’s long-standing support for a two-state solution.

The clarification comes as Indonesia’s support for the board faces sharper questions following the war involving the United States, Israel and Iran. The conflict has complicated Jakarta’s earlier enthusiasm for the US-backed initiative and raised pressure at home over how closely it should align itself with Washington on Middle East policy.

“I painted these pictures to express my inner feelings and myself,” he said. “Through these paintings, I ease what is in my heart, whether it is sadness or joy.”

Another drawing he is currently working on depicts a girl holding roses above her head—an image he says represents hope and emotional balance. “Sadness is one of the human emotions, though not always present. Joy, on the other hand, gladdens the human soul,” he explained.

Zamlat’s relationship with art began in childhood and developed through formal training at a teachers’ institute after the 1967 war. He later worked in Saudi Arabia before returning in 1995 to serve for a decade in a presidential office role.

The countries identified as prepared to contribute forces include Morocco, Kazakhstan, Indonesia, Kosovo and Albania, while several other states are listed as members of the wider initiative.

The proposal emerges as global leaders continue to push for a sustainable ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, alongside longer-term arrangements for security and reconstruction in Gaza.

What is the “Board of Peace”?

The “Board of Peace” appears to refer to a multilateral initiative under discussion among governments aimed at supporting post-conflict stabilisation in Gaza. While details remain fluid, diplomatic reporting indicates the concept involves a peacekeeping or monitoring presence if and when political conditions allow.

International peacekeeping operations in the region would require a mandate, most likely from the United Nations Security Council, in line with established UN procedures. The UN has previously overseen peacekeeping missions in the Middle East, including the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and the United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO), which has operated since 1948 (United Nations Peacekeeping).

No formal UN mandate for a Gaza peacekeeping force has yet been confirmed publicly.

The countries reportedly willing to send the troops

Morocco

Morocco has long participated in UN peacekeeping operations across Africa and the Middle East. According to UN Peacekeeping data, Rabat consistently ranks among major troop-contributing countries, with deployments in missions such as MONUSCO in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and MINUSCA in the Central African Republic.

Its reported willingness to contribute troops to a Gaza stabilisation mission aligns with its broader foreign policy positioning as a regional diplomatic actor.

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan has steadily expanded its international security footprint in recent years. The Central Asian state has contributed personnel to UN missions, including UNIFIL in Lebanon, according to official UN records. Kazakhstan has also sought a more prominent diplomatic role in global mediation efforts, hosting talks on Syria in Astana in previous years.

Indonesia

Indonesia is one of the world’s largest contributors to UN peacekeeping operations. The country has deployed thousands of personnel to missions in Lebanon, Congo and elsewhere, according to United Nations data. Jakarta has repeatedly expressed strong support for Palestinian statehood and humanitarian relief efforts in Gaza, positioning itself as a vocal diplomatic player in the Muslim world.

Kosovo and Albania

Kosovo and Albania, both located in Southeast Europe, have deepened cooperation with NATO and European security institutions over the past decade. Albania has previously contributed troops to international missions under NATO and UN frameworks. Kosovo, though not universally recognised as a sovereign state, has increasingly participated in international security partnerships and peace support initiatives.

Their inclusion reflects broader European engagement in any potential post-conflict arrangement.

Why Gaza Would Require an International Force

Gaza has experienced repeated cycles of conflict, most recently following the escalation that began in October 2023 after Hamas launched a large-scale attack on Israel .

Israel’s subsequent military campaign has resulted in extensive destruction and a humanitarian crisis, according to reporting by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and Al Jazeera.

Humanitarian agencies have documented severe infrastructure damage, displacement of civilians and strain on medical services. Any post-conflict governance model would likely require security guarantees, aid coordination, and oversight of reconstruction, roles typically associated with multinational stabilisation missions.

However, peacekeeping in Gaza would face substantial political and operational challenges. Analysts note that consent from both Israel and Palestinian authorities, as well as agreement among major global powers, would be essential before deployment.

Political and legal hurdles

Under international law, UN peacekeeping missions require Security Council approval. Any deployment without such a mandate would likely need bilateral or multilateral agreements involving the relevant parties on the ground.

UN has cautioned that Gaza’s dense urban environment, the presence of armed groups and unresolved governance questions would complicate traditional peacekeeping models.

UN Spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric told reporters in New York on Tuesday, 10 February, that the UN aid coordination office, OCHA, had received new reports of airstrikes, shelling and bombing, “including from at sea”, as well as shootings in residential neighbourhoods.

He warned that the violence “puts civilians in danger and adds to the immense hardship they have endured over the past 28 months,” stressing that under international humanitarian law, “even if they cross military demarcation lines or are near them...civilians must always be protected and during military operations and constant care must be taken to spare them.”

There is also the broader geopolitical dimension. The United States, European Union, Arab League and regional powers have each floated differing proposals for Gaza’s post-war administration, ranging from strengthened Palestinian Authority control to international trusteeship arrangements.

Nearly 200 of them were from Southeast Asia, according to data secured by Hatzlacha, an Israeli volunteer emergency medical service NGO. The list includes 111 Filipinos, 71 Thais, four Vietnamese, two Singaporeans and one Indonesian recorded as serving in the Israeli military.

Across Asia more broadly, the numbers are also notable: 201 Indian passport holders, 76 Japanese, nine each from Hong Kong and South Korea, seven from China, three from Taiwan , and two each from Nepal and Sri Lanka.

There have been no reported convictions of dual nationals over Gaza-related crimes so far, though complaints have been filed in several countries.

In Singapore, the Ministry of Home Affairs said it was aware of reports that two Singaporeans fought with the IDF but had no substantiated information confirming this. Singapore does not allow dual citizenship for adults.

Indonesia ’s foreign ministry said it could not immediately confirm the reported case of an Indonesian national but would coordinate with relevant agencies. 

Thailand , which permits dual nationality, does not criminalise foreign military service in general circumstances.

Does your country have a national fighting for Israel?

The Rafah crossing had been closed since May 2024, when Israeli forces took control of the Palestinian side, halting the movement of people and aid. Its partial reopening is linked to a wider ceasefire framework and a multi-stage peace plan announced earlier this year, which aims to move from a truce towards reconstruction, new governance arrangements and the gradual restoration of access to Gaza.

The Board of Peace, announced by Trump as part of his renewed foreign policy agenda, is framed as an alternative diplomatic mechanism aimed at resolving major international conflicts, including the war in Gaza and broader Middle East tensions.

According to reporting by Al Jazeera, participation in the board is by invitation, with countries free to accept or reject based on their political alignment and strategic interests.

Who has joined

The map shows a mixed response across regions. Several countries in the Middle East, parts of Asia, and Latin America have accepted invitations , viewing the board as a potential channel for influence or de-escalation:

Morocco, Argentina, Hungary and Belarus have also agreed to join, raising the number of countries that have confirmed participation to at least 24.

Countries that have rejected

In contrast, several prominent European and North American allies have explicitly declined the invitation, underlining scepticism about the initiative’s structure and neutrality. Countries that have rejected participation include:

In the same way, several other countries, including the UK, Italy, Japan, China and Russia, have been invited but have yet to take a stand on participation.

The Board of Peace gained prominence after Trump publicly linked it to efforts to end the war in Gaza, alongside Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

According to Trump, the initiative was initially conceived as a mechanism to address the conflict in Gaza, but its mandate has since expanded to include broader global conflict resolution efforts.

The initiative, first linked to post-ceasefire governance discussions around Gaza, has expanded into a broader proposal for a new international body aimed at conflict resolution and reconstruction.

Trump’s team describes it as a platform to promote stability and long-term peace. Critics argue it risks bypassing existing multilateral institutions, particularly the United Nations .

Countries invited and early acceptances

According to officials familiar with the process, invitations have been sent to dozens of governments across Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and the Americas.

A limited number of countries have confirmed acceptance. Argentina’s president, Javier Milei, publicly welcomed the invitation, describing it as an opportunity for closer diplomatic cooperation. Hungary has also confirmed participation , with Prime Minister Viktor Orbán signalling support for Trump’s approach to peace negotiations. Vietnam has likewise accepted, with its leadership confirming involvement through diplomatic channels.

Several other countries, including India, Australia, Pakistan, Egypt , Turkey, Jordan, Greece, Cyprus, Canada, and Albania, have acknowledged receiving invitations but have not formally committed.

Rejections and reluctance from major powers

Some governments have already drawn clear lines. France has indicated it does not intend to join at this stage, citing concerns about the board’s purpose and structure. Brazil has also taken a cautious stance, with officials questioning whether the initiative complements or competes with existing international frameworks.

Canada’s position has been more nuanced. While Ottawa has not ruled out participation, officials have pushed back on reports that membership could involve large financial contributions, stressing that any involvement would need to align with Canada’s diplomatic priorities.

Other major powers, including the United Kingdom and Germany, are reported to be in internal discussions but have yet to make public commitments.

The proposal has generated additional controversy following reports that Russia’s President Vladimir Putin received an invitation . The Kremlin confirmed it was reviewing the offer, a move that has unsettled European diplomats, given Russia’s ongoing war in Ukraine.

According to briefings from U.S. officials and reporting by international media, the Board of Peace is intended to:

Some reports suggest membership could involve fixed-term participation or long-term seats tied to significant financial contributions, a feature that has drawn criticism from several governments.

Who’s in so far:

Why it matters:

How it works:

The catch:

Who runs day-to-day decisions:

Russia factor:

Residents reported that water quickly overwhelmed their temporary shelters, washing away belongings and leaving families struggling to protect children and elderly relatives. Attempts to dig drainage channels in the sand were largely ineffective against the force of the storms.

Displaced parents described moving young children to safer locations while returning to flooded camps to recover what possessions they could. Many emphasised that tents provide little protection from harsh winter weather, calling for more durable solutions such as caravans.

Philippe Lazzarini, UNRWA Commissioner-General, highlighted the impact on social media , noting that harsh winter conditions are compounding more than two years of suffering. He warned that people are surviving in flimsy, waterlogged tents and amid ruins, with their living conditions deteriorating further.

Local media reported that the storms have been deadly, with at least 17 people killed, including four children. Humanitarian agencies have cautioned that without improved shelter and protection, further casualties are likely as the winter season continues.

“It’s going along well,” he told reporters. “They had a problem today, I understand, with a bomb that went off and hurt some people pretty badly. Probably killed some people… it just happened.”

The Israel Defence Forces confirmed that five soldiers were wounded in attacks in Rafah on Wednesday. The military also reported striking what it described as a Hamas operative in Khan Younis the same day.

Trump insisted that international support for the peace process remained strong, saying 59 countries back the effort. “We have peace in the Middle East, people don’t realise it,” he claimed. “Phase two is moving along. It’s going to happen pretty soon.”

Israel and Hamas agreed to the first phase of the plan in October, which included a ceasefire, the exchange of hostages and prisoners, both alive and dead, and the delivery of humanitarian aid into Gaza. That initial phase has been marred by mutual accusations of violations.

The later stages of the agreement are expected to address the long-term governance of Gaza and plans for reconstruction after months of devastating conflict.

According to the head of the aid team, the convoy carried more than 195 tonnes of shelter materials, including 2,250 tents. He said the assistance aims to address the conditions faced by Gazans amid recent cold weather and rainfall, which have increased the need for emergency shelter.

The UAE launched the relief mission in November 2023 under the direction of President Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan. Since the start of the conflict between Hamas and Israel , the initiative has provided continuous humanitarian support to Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.

Eyewitness Mohammed Abu Khamis described the situation as incompatible with the ongoing truce. “This isn't a ceasefire. It's nothing but a pure deception; there's an airstrike every five minutes,” he said. “This truce is worthless; whether we observe it or not makes no difference.”

Local media reported five deaths and multiple injuries. The Israeli military had not issued an official statement at the time of publication.

The Gaza Health Ministry also says 318 Palestinians have been killed since the truce began last month.

He went on to outline three additional priorities: adherence to the principles of climate justice; ensuring access to appropriate and affordable technologies, particularly in renewable energy ; and providing technical assistance, capacity-building, and stronger systems for monitoring, reporting, and verification.

The ambassador warned that Gaza is facing “serious public health risks” and escalating “environmental threats,” noting that “the genocide has destroyed agricultural lands and vegetation cover.”

Al-Zeben added that Palestine’s “catastrophic environmental situation” must be recognised as an important factor in global climate change .

The UN COP30 conference, in Belém, Brazil, brings together world leaders, scientists, and civil society representatives to define priorities for climate action. The summit focuses on efforts to limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C, review new Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and assess the implementation of financial commitments made at previous conferences.

“Of course, we’ve seen these election results, but it does not, of course, undermine the incredible, enormous relationship the Prime Minister has with President Trump, and the accomplishments that we have been able to get to because of this relationship that they have forged together,” said Israeli government spokesperson Shosh Bedrosian.

“We have a bond that is stronger than ever between Israel and the United States right now, and of course, it’s based on our shared democratic values and dedication to our security and peace for countries in the entire free world,” Bedrosian added.

Mamdani won more than 50% of the votes to become New York’s first Muslim mayor and first mayor born in Africa , as well as the youngest mayor since 1892. 

During his campaign, Mamdani was tough on Israel, asserting that the country was committing genocide in Gaza, where nearly 70,000 have been killed in a dragging battle between Israeli forces and the Palestinian group Hamas. 

Mamdani had also labeled Netanyahu a “ war criminal.”

For his part, Trump, who had endorsed the No. 2 candidate for New York City mayor, Andrew Cuomo, said any Jew who voted for Mamdani is a “proven and self-professed JEW HATER, is a stupid person!!!”

The sea of green across the map above represents Sunni Muslims, the largest branch of Islam, stretching from Egypt and Saudi Arabia through to Turkey and Jordan.

The darker shades, the Shia Muslim heartlands, mark Iran, southern Iraq, and parts of Lebanon and Yemen. Scattered among them are smaller but deeply rooted communities: Christians in Lebanon and Egypt, Jews in Israel , Druze in Syria and northern Israel, Yazidis in Iraq, and Ibadis in Oman.

According to the Pew Research Centre , Muslims make up more than 90% of the population across most of the Middle East and North Africa, but the balance between Sunni and Shia populations continues to shape politics and alliances.

The Council on Foreign Relations notes that the Sunni–Shia split lies at the heart of many of the region’s biggest conflicts, from Syria’s civil war to power struggles in Iraq and tensions between Iran and Gulf Arab states.

Today, those divisions are once again in the global spotlight. As conflict flares in Gaza and regional powers like Iran and Saudi Arabia navigate a fragile détente, the lines of faith drawn across this map help explain the alliances forming and breaking behind the scenes.

But it’s not all division. In places like Lebanon, Egypt, and Jordan, multi-faith societies continue to blend cultures, languages, and traditions that have survived thousands of years of change. The presence of smaller groups like the Druze and Yazidis shows how deeply layered the region’s identity remains, resilient despite war and displacement.

According to current data , Israel is recognised by around 163 of the 192 United Nations member states, roughly 83% of UN members.

Recognition of Israel has grown steadily since its founding in 1948. With the UN admission in 1949, many states established full diplomatic ties early on. However, 30-odd countries still formally do not recognise Israel, most of them Muslim-majority nations in Africa and Asia.

The green-coloured countries on the map indicate those that recognise Israel. Overwhelmingly, that includes Western Europe , the Americas (with only a few exceptions), and large parts of Africa and Asia.

According to a data table from World Population Review, for example, in Asia alone, many recognisers include India, China, Japan, Thailand and Japan.

In the Americas, the list of recognisers grows: countries such as the United States, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Peru all recognise Israel. On the African continent, recognisers include Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Ghana, Mozambique and South Africa.

By contrast, the handful of red or dark-shaded states show those that do not recognise Israel or have withdrawn recognition. These include countries like Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Yemen in the Middle East; Bangladesh, Pakistan and Malaysia in South Asia ; and North Korea and Cuba elsewhere.

Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman welcomed a diverse group of princes, scholars, ministers, and citizens at Al-Yamamah Palace in Riyadh, where the gathering began with a recitation from the Holy Quran. Discussions centred on national and regional developments, reflecting the Crown Prince’s ongoing engagement with Saudi society. These regular interactions highlight the government’s commitment to open dialogue and to reinforcing unity within the Kingdom’s leadership and people.

Saudi Arabia and the United Nations discuss ways to revive Libya’s political roadmap

In a show of active diplomacy, Saudi Arabia met with United Nations representatives to explore ways to reinvigorate Libya’s political roadmap. Talks focused on unifying national institutions and organising elections to ensure long-term stability. The UN commended Riyadh’s support for peace and development, underscoring the Kingdom’s growing role as a mediator in regional affairs. This engagement aligns with Saudi Arabia’s broader foreign policy objective of promoting security and development across the Middle East and North Africa.

Crown Prince congratulates Japan’s new premier

Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman extended congratulations to Sanae Takaichi, who recently became Japan’s first female prime minister. The Crown Prince’s message acknowledged the significance of the milestone in Japan’s political landscape and expressed Saudi Arabia’s readiness to strengthen bilateral relations. The congratulatory note reflects the Kingdom’s increasing focus on building ties with global partners beyond its traditional regional alliances.

Saudi Arabia reaffirms support for global security and peace

During a recent cabinet meeting chaired by the Crown Prince, the Saudi government reiterated its commitment to regional and international cooperation for global peace and stability. The meeting included discussions on Vision 2030 projects , which aim to diversify the Saudi economy and boost innovation, as well as the Kingdom’s humanitarian efforts in Gaza. This emphasis on diplomacy and aid highlights Riyadh’s strategic balancing of internal development and external engagement.

Crown Prince briefs cabinet on Gaza following call with Macron

Following a conversation with French President Emmanuel Macron, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman briefed the Saudi cabinet on the latest developments in Gaza. The cabinet reiterated its call for a two-state solution to achieve lasting peace in the region, while also reviewing ongoing Vision 2030 initiatives. This discussion illustrates Saudi Arabia’s dual approach—advocating for peace in global conflicts while maintaining a steady focus on domestic modernisation and reform.

Following the interception, Celeste and other members of the flotilla were detained and transferred to Ktzi’ot Prison, a high-security facility in the Negev Desert. She was held there from October 3rd to 7th, without formal charges, under conditions she later described as inhumane. During her detention, the group was denied access to lawyers, personal belongings, and contact with their families.

On October 8th, Celeste Fierro arrived back in Buenos Aires after being deported from Israel. Upon her return, she publicly denounced the lack of diplomatic action from President Javier Milei’s government , stating that there was no effort to protect the Argentine delegation or accelerate their release.

Fierro’s accusations also point to a broader political alignment. Since taking office, President Milei has strengthened ties with the Israeli government, moving Argentina’s foreign policy sharply toward unconditional support for Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. He has visited Israel, announced plans to relocate Argentina’s embassy to Jerusalem, and repeatedly framed Israel’s military actions as “a defence of Western civilisation.” This alignment has translated into diplomatic silence in the face of Israeli violations of international law and human rights.

The Global Sumud Flotilla—whose name means steadfastness in Arabic—brought together activists, parliamentarians, and human-rights defenders from around the world to break the maritime blockade of Gaza and call for accountability. 

While their mission was violently repressed, it reignited international attention on the humanitarian catastrophe unfolding in Gaza and exposed the complicity of governments that remain silent.

The opinions and thoughts expressed in this article reflect only the author's views.

Celeste Fierro is a politician and activist from Argentina. Between 2023 and 2024, she served in the legislature of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA) as part of a rotation of positions by the Workers' Left Front. She participated in the Global Sumud Flotilla, which aimed to break the blockade of the Gaza Strip. On October 1, 2025, she was taken into custody when Israeli forces attacked the Flotilla. She was released a few days later.

The remarks come as the ceasefire implemented earlier this month as phase one of a wider peace plan signed in Sharm El-Sheikh has been strained by fresh exchanges of fire, with both Israel and Hamas accusing the other of violating the truce.

US and regional diplomats have been urgently trying to shore up the agreement.

While addressing the Knesset on Monday, October 13, Trump shared a light moment about Netanyahu’s frequent requests for military equipment.

“Bibi would call me so many times, can you get me this weapon, that weapon, that weapon? Some of them I never heard of, Bibi, and I made them. But we'd get them here, wouldn't we?” he said.

Earlier, the final group of twenty living hostages held by Hamas was handed over to the Red Cross. Alongside this, the remains of 28 deceased hostages are also expected to be returned. In return, Israel will release about 1,700 Palestinians who have been detained in Gaza since October 2023, as well as 250 others serving life sentences.

The current peace deal, which Israel and Hamas agreed to last week, is unfolding in stages. The first phase includes a ceasefire, exchange of hostages and prisoners, and the withdrawal of Israeli forces to the 'yellow line' in Gaza.

Later phases will look at how Gaza will be governed, the role of Hamas going forward, and plans for rebuilding the region.

The map released in connection with the deal shows Israeli-held zones along coastal areas and key border regions, while portions of Gaza City, Khan Yunis, Deir el-Balah, and North Gaza revert to Palestinian control.

The partial pullback comes as part of the Trump-brokered 20-point peace plan signed that same day in Sharm el-Sheikh. Under that agreement, Israel’s forces are to reposition within 24 hours, and Hamas is expected to return all living hostages and the remains of deceased ones within 72 hours.

Israel’s decision to retain over half of Gaza highlights the delicate balance struck in the ceasefire: a withdrawal significant enough to signal de-escalation, yet limited enough to maintain leverage. The held zones include buffer strips along the coast and border crossings, likely critical for security, monitoring, and aid control.

The new arrangement takes effect amid bleak humanitarian conditions. Gaza’s population faces severe food insecurity, and United Nations agencies are poised to escalate aid deliveries, contingent on continued troop pullbacks. Broader Stakes & Unresolved Questions

This pause in hostilities brings cautious relief. Earlier in the day, the Israeli cabinet approved the agreement, formalising a ceasefire and setting in motion plans to free hostages and swap hundreds of prisoners.

Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu reaffirmed his vow to disarm Hamas and warned of renewed military options if violations occur. Hamas, meanwhile, agreed to the terms but faces internal pressures over governance, disarmament, and long-term stability.

International oversight will play a pivotal role. The first phase calls for a joint task force involving the U.S., Egypt , Qatar, Turkey, and others to monitor compliance. The Rafah crossing (Egypt–Gaza) is also slated to reopen under EU monitoring, a symbolic and functional milestone for civilian movement and aid flows.

For now, the world watches to see if this withdrawal will become the start of a sustained peace or a temporary lull in a longer struggle.

The Malaysian government has issued a strong call for the immediate release of volunteers detained while delivering humanitarian aid to Gaza. These volunteers, who were part of a flotilla mission carrying essential supplies such as food, medical equipment, and shelter materials, were intercepted in international waters. Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim condemned the detentions, describing them as a violation of international law and humanitarian principles. Malaysia’s Foreign Ministry is engaging with international partners and human rights organisations to secure the volunteers’ release and ensure their safe return home. The incident has stirred public outrage, with Malaysians expressing solidarity through nationwide vigils and social media campaigns. The government reiterated its commitment to defending humanitarian missions and supporting Palestinian civilians enduring severe hardship under continued conflict.

Anwar to meet NGO leaders to discuss humanitarian aid for Gaza via Egypt

In an ongoing effort to coordinate relief for Gaza, Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim announced plans to meet with non-governmental organisation (NGO) leaders to discuss the logistics of channelling humanitarian aid through Egypt. The meeting aims to create a unified Malaysian relief framework that ensures aid delivery to affected civilians despite border restrictions. The discussion will include NGOs specialising in medical assistance, food distribution, and refugee support. Anwar emphasised that Malaysia’s humanitarian stance transcends political or religious lines, reflecting the nation’s moral obligation to assist the oppressed. He also called for greater collaboration among regional governments to pressure for safe humanitarian corridors into Gaza. The government’s proactive approach underscores Malaysia’s growing role as a humanitarian advocate in international crisesNews Briefs 9.10.

Indonesia appoints Iman Hascarya Kusumo as ambassador to Malaysia

Indonesia has officially appointed Iman Hascarya Kusumo as its new Ambassador to Malaysia, a move widely viewed as an opportunity to strengthen bilateral relations between the two neighbouring nations. The appointment comes at a pivotal time as both countries seek to deepen cooperation on issues including migrant labour protection, trade, and education. Kusumo, known for his diplomatic experience and focus on ASEAN collaboration, is expected to prioritise enhancing mutual understanding and addressing long-standing concerns regarding worker welfare. Malaysian officials have welcomed his appointment, expressing optimism that it will usher in a new era of balanced and transparent diplomacy. Both governments reaffirmed their shared commitment to fostering peace, regional integration, and economic resilience in Southeast Asia.

Need for flexible foreign policy that remains true to core values, says Tok Mat

Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Datuk Seri Mohamad Hasan (Tok Mat) has emphasised the importance of a flexible yet principled foreign policy in navigating Malaysia’s complex geopolitical landscape. He stated that while Malaysia must adapt to shifting global dynamics, it should never compromise on its core values of peace, justice, and mutual respect. Tok Mat highlighted that non-alignment remains a cornerstone of Malaysia’s diplomatic strategy, allowing the nation to engage constructively with both Western and Eastern blocs. He also urged policymakers to strengthen regional diplomacy through ASEAN and to assert Malaysia’s voice on pressing international issues such as humanitarian crises, environmental sustainability, and fair trade. His remarks reflect a strategic balance between pragmatism and moral conviction in Malaysia’s approach to global affairs.

Malaysia ready to support any UN peacekeeping effort in Palestine

During a parliamentary session, members of the Dewan Rakyat were informed that Malaysia stands ready to support any United Nations (UN) peacekeeping mission in Palestine should one be established. The government expressed its readiness to contribute personnel, logistics, and medical support to ensure peace and stability in the region. Lawmakers across party lines voiced strong backing for the initiative, highlighting Malaysia’s historical solidarity with the Palestinian cause. Officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs noted that Malaysia’s participation would align with its long-standing policy of advocating for oppressed peoples and upholding international law. The announcement has strengthened Malaysia’s image as a defender of global peace and humanitarian principles, while also reflecting growing domestic demand for more active involvement in international peacekeeping

What’s in the Agreement?

According to news agency Reuters, the deal , negotiated with strong U.S. involvement, includes several core components:

Why now?

The war, which began in October 2023, has led to the deaths of over 67,000 Palestinians and more than 1,200 Israelis, according to international observers. Efforts at de-escalation had repeatedly failed until recent weeks, when diplomatic momentum increased due to a combination of U.S. pressure, mounting international outcry, and shifts in political dynamics inside Israel and Gaza.

What Are the Phases of the Deal?

The deal is structured in three phases :

Who brokered the deal?

The deal was brokered primarily by the United States, with former President Donald Trump playing a direct diplomatic role. According to AP , Trump is expected to visit Israel in the coming weeks to address the Knesset and push for continued progress on post-war arrangements.

What’s the reaction?

In Jerusalem, residents expressed cautious optimism. “We’re very happy to hear that. It’s about time. After two years, we want our people back,” said one resident in footage aired by local broadcasters. The hostage releases are especially significant to Israeli public opinion, which has remained fixated on their return.

Palestinian factions have issued mixed responses. While Hamas has agreed to the terms, some factions have criticised the deal for not including clearer terms on lifting the full blockade of Gaza.

International reaction has been largely positive, with France, the UK, Egypt, Qatar, and the UN issuing statements of support for the ceasefire and urging both sides to adhere to its terms.

What Comes Next?

Even if fully implemented, the agreement leaves several major questions unresolved:

Experts warn that while the deal is a diplomatic breakthrough, lasting peace will require broader negotiations, including a potential return to talks on a two-state solution.

“We're very happy to hear that. It's about time. After two years, we want our people back. But we're not sure it's real yet. When we see them physically here, we’ll be very happy,” said Oran, a Jerusalem resident.

Oran also praised former U.S. President Donald Trump ’s role in mediating the deal, calling for him to be recognised internationally.

Archive footage from before the war reveals a stark contrast: families enjoying Gaza’s beaches, Muslims and Christians attending prayers, and the bustling daily life in the territory’s cities. Now, those images are juxtaposed with collapsed buildings, rubble-strewn streets, and desperate residents searching for food, medicine, and missing loved ones.

The war began on October 7, 2023, following a deadly Hamas-led attack on southern Israel that killed 1,139 people, including approximately 300 festivalgoers, according to Israeli authorities. Israel responded with widespread airstrikes and ground operations in Gaza, initiating one of the region's deadliest and most protracted conflicts in recent history.

In a potential turning point, U.S. President Donald Trump last week unveiled a new peace proposal aimed at ending the conflict. Indirect talks between Israel and Hamas began this Monday in Egypt, signalling a possible diplomatic breakthrough. Hamas has reportedly accepted parts of the plan, including the release of all remaining hostages held since the initial attack.

Despite ongoing violence and humanitarian collapse, international mediators are cautiously optimistic that the new round of negotiations may lead to a ceasefire and pave the way for longer-term peace in the region.

Reports from Gaza indicate a devastating escalation in violence, resulting in at least 65 deaths and 153 injuries within a single day. The conflict continues to exact a severe humanitarian toll, with hospitals overwhelmed and infrastructure collapsing under repeated bombardments. Civilian areas have been hit hard, raising concerns among international observers about violations of human rights and the disproportionate impact on non-combatants. Jordan, sharing close geographical and humanitarian ties with Palestine, has expressed deep concern over the situation. The government has reiterated its call for an immediate ceasefire and the provision of unrestricted humanitarian access to Gaza, emphasising the urgent need for de-escalation to prevent further loss of life.

“The battle isn’t over yet,” Israeli army chief tells soldiers in Gaza

The Israeli army chief’s statement that “the battle isn’t over yet” signals a prolongation of the ongoing Gaza conflict, suggesting that Israel’s military operations will continue despite international appeals for restraint. This declaration has fuelled fears of an extended confrontation, with implications for regional stability, including Jordan, which remains a vocal advocate for peace in the Middle East. The statement has also intensified public debate across Arab nations about the effectiveness of diplomatic efforts to halt the violence. Jordanian officials have maintained that lasting peace can only come through a two-state solution and renewed negotiations under international supervision, rather than continued military engagement.

Prime Minister honours teachers, announces expanded support programmes

In domestic developments, Jordan’s Prime Minister honoured educators on World Teachers’ Day, announcing an ambitious set of new programs designed to improve working conditions, salaries, and professional development opportunities for teachers across the kingdom. The initiative reflects the government’s commitment to strengthening the education sector as a cornerstone of national progress. The Prime Minister emphasised that education remains central to Jordan’s socio-economic resilience, especially in the face of regional instability. These new programs are expected to include grants for rural schools, digital learning infrastructure, and teacher training in modern pedagogical methods. The announcement was met with optimism by teachers’ unions and educational institutions, which have long called for increased investment in the profession.

Jordan celebrates World Teachers’ Day, emphasising educators’ role in nation-building

As part of World Teachers’ Day celebrations, Jordan held nationwide events to celebrate the contribution of educators to the country’s development. Schools, universities, and civil society organisations hosted panels and cultural programs highlighting the sacrifices and achievements of teachers in shaping future generations. Government ministries underscored the importance of education not only as an academic pursuit but also as a moral and civic foundation for nation-building. The theme of the celebration—empowering teachers for sustainable development—resonated strongly with Jordan’s ongoing reforms in the education sector, which aim to modernise curricula and align learning outcomes with the needs of the 21st-century economy. The day concluded with awards recognising outstanding educators for excellence and innovation in teaching.

IEC delegation reviews Syrian parliamentary elections process

A delegation from Jordan’s Independent Election Commission (IEC) visited Syria to observe and review the process of the country’s first parliamentary elections since the fall of Bashar al-Assad. The delegation’s participation underscores Jordan’s increasing commitment to supporting democratic governance in the region. According to official statements, the IEC’s involvement was aimed at sharing technical expertise in election monitoring, voter registration systems, and transparency mechanisms. Observers noted that the elections mark a turning point for Syria, though questions remain about inclusivity and fairness. Jordan’s engagement was praised as a gesture of regional solidarity and as part of its broader diplomatic strategy to encourage political stabilisation and reconstruction in neighbouring countries.

According to current estimates, about 15,000 Israeli troops are active in Gaza, alongside roughly 5,000 Hamas fighters. President Prabowo’s proposed deployment would not only outnumber both but would also signal Indonesia’s emergence as a global peace broker willing to match words with action.

Although the leader's offer was bold, it was also conditional. He stated that Indonesia stands ready to send 20,000 or more troops to Gaza “if and when the UN Security Council and this great Assembly decide.”

Currently, Indonesia is already one of the world’s leading contributors to UN peacekeeping missions, with over 2,700 personnel deployed across various operations. The president’s new pledge would multiply that commitment almost tenfold, positioning Indonesia as one of the UN’s most significant peacekeeping forces.

However, Prabowo’s statement came with a clear diplomatic condition: Indonesia would consider recognising Israel only when Israel formally acknowledges Palestinian statehood.

This nuanced stance underscores Jakarta’s support for a two-state solution , emphasising that peace must guarantee both Israeli security and Palestinian sovereignty.

The proposal has stirred debate both internationally and domestically. While some critics suggest it could soften Indonesia’s traditionally strong pro-Palestinian stance, others see it as a pragmatic step toward elevating the country’s global diplomatic influence.

This aligns with President Emmanuel Macron’s recent push for renewed multilateral dialogue during his visit to Jakarta earlier this year, where France and Indonesia jointly voiced support for mutual recognition between Israel and Palestine.

Iran and Russia signed a comprehensive strategic partnership treaty in Moscow on January 17, 2025, formalising deeper cooperation across political, security, and economic sectors. The agreement, signed by Russian President Vladimir Putin and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, commits both countries to long-term collaboration in regional security and international coordination. It also emphasises joint efforts within multilateral organisations and support for a multipolar world order.

Iran prepares plan to counter possible UN sanctions snapback

Iranian government spokeswoman Fatemeh Mohajerani said that President Masoud Pezeshkian’s administration has finalised a plan to address the potential reimposition of United Nations sanctions. Speaking after a cabinet meeting, Mohajerani noted that Tehran had anticipated multiple scenarios regarding the snapback mechanism and developed measures accordingly. She added that the plan will be formally approved on Sunday.

Iran and Pakistan to deepen cooperation amid regional developments

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi and Pakistani Foreign Minister Senator Mohammad Ishaq Dar held a phone conversation on Thursday to review bilateral ties and regional issues. Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening cooperation at the bilateral level and within multilateral platforms, while emphasising the need for continued diplomatic efforts to promote peace and security in the region.

Iran calls for sanctions on Israel over alleged genocide in Gaza

Ali Bahraini, Iran’s Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the UN Office in Geneva, urged the Human Rights Council on Thursday to impose immediate and comprehensive sanctions on Israel, citing what he described as an ongoing genocide in the Gaza Strip. Speaking at the Council’s 60th session, which reviewed a report on corporate activity in Israeli settlements, Bahraini referred to the International Court of Justice advisory opinion and the findings of the UN Commission of Inquiry, both of which point to violations of Palestinian rights. He accused Western governments of complicity in Israel’s actions and stressed that states party to the Genocide Convention are obliged to prevent and punish genocide.

Iran urges UN Security Council to grant Palestine full membership

Iran’s Ambassador to the United Nations, Amir Saeid Iravani, has called on the Security Council to approve Palestine’s full membership and recognise it as a sovereign state. Addressing a General Assembly session on the use of veto power, Iravani criticised repeated U.S. vetoes of ceasefire resolutions in Gaza, saying Washington’s actions have paralysed the Council and enabled Israel to continue violations of international law. He accused Israel of decades of unlawful policies, including indiscriminate bombings, forced displacement, settlement expansion, and attacks on religious sites, describing them as war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide.

Antonio, a protester, told Viory that Israel had “kidnapped USP workers,” yet the university continues to maintain scientific and technological relations with the country.

Among those detained were Magno Costa, a USP union director, and Bruno Gilga, a university employee and journalist. They were aboard the ship Sirius , one of 42 vessels that set sail with humanitarian aid for Gaza. Organisers say only one boat remains in the water , with the rest intercepted or presumed intercepted. Israel has defended the operation, calling the flotilla a “publicity stunt” and insisting it was enforcing a “lawful blockade.”

The demonstration in São Paulo formed part of a broader wave of protests across Latin America and beyond since 1 October, with similar actions in Mexico, Colombia, Argentina and Peru. Campaigners demand the release of flotilla members, an end to the blockade of Gaza, and a severing of ties between universities in the region and Israeli institutions.

“What the Israeli authorities are saying is that they are going to take them to a detention centre. Our consulate is there to support them in whatever is needed and demanding the immediate repatriation of our compatriots,” Sheinbaum said.

The president confirmed that the six Mexicans — Sol Gonzalez Eguia y Arlyn; Gabriela Medrano; Carlos Perez Osorio; Diego Vazquez Galindo; Ernesto Ledesma Arronte; and Laura Alejandra Velez Ruiz Gaytan — had been transferred to the port of Ashdod.

Sheinbaum reiterated her government’s opposition to Israel’s blockade of Gaza, calling it a barrier to life-saving aid. 

“Humanitarian aid must reach Gaza, and our Mexican brothers and sisters, all of them, but specially our compatriots, must be repatriated immediately because they did not commit any crime ,” she told reporters.

The Global Sumud Flotilla, made up of dozens of vessels from more than 40 countries, was intercepted in international waters earlier this week. Israeli forces detained hundreds of activists, among them climate campaigner Greta Thunberg, South African MP Mandla Mandela and 22 Italians.

Israel maintained that no boats reached Gaza and said the interceptions were necessary to enforce what it described as a lawful blockade. Its Foreign Ministry warned that any remaining ships attempting to approach the enclave would also be stopped.

Organisers of the flotilla said their mission was to deliver humanitarian supplies and highlighted the risks as they entered waters around 150 nautical miles from Gaza.

The Palestinian Foreign Ministry called Israel’s actions a violation of international law , while flotilla organisers rejected claims that participants had links to Hamas, insisting the mission was peaceful.

Efforts to break the Gaza blockade by sea have been mounted since 2008, most of them intercepted by Israel. The deadliest incident came in 2010, when Israeli forces stormed the Mavi Marmara ship and killed 10 Turkish activists.

The Marinette, which had mechanical issues and lagged behind the main armada of more than 40 ships, has not been intercepted and remains about 80 nautical miles from Gaza, Global Sumud Flotilla said.

Israel’s Foreign Ministry warned earlier that if the last ship approaches Gaza, “its attempt to enter an active combat zone and breach the blockade will also be prevented.”

The Marinette is still far from the area where most of the flotilla was intercepted by Israeli forces.

According to the flotilla tracker, the closest any ship has come was the Mikeno, which evaded the blockade and was briefly visible from Gaza’s shores.

It claimed “Mikeno made history by becoming the first ship to break Israel's blockade of Gaza since 2009,” adding the vessel “missed Gaza's shore by a few minutes.”

The Global Sumud Flotilla also said a new wave of ships is crossing the Mediterranean, including ten vessels that left Italy five days ago. Among them is the Al-Damir, which is carrying journalists, doctors and activists.

The striking visual, captured in the attached world map, shows clear divisions between countries that “walked out” and those that stayed.

Who walked out and why?

According to Israeli officials, 77 delegations either did not attend or left at the start of Netanyahu’s 41-minute speech. Among those were Israel’s immediate neighbours: Egypt , Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria, as well as Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Iran.

Meanwhile, key allies such as the UAE and Bahrain remained seated despite domestic and regional pressures. Canada’s ambassador also opted to stay, highlighting that not all Western nations joined the exodus.

Netanyahu, unperturbed, used the platform to double down on Israel’s ongoing military campaign in Gaza with a pledge to “finish the job” in rooting out Hamas.

He also criticised Western governments that have recognised Palestinian statehood , calling such decisions “insane” and accusing them of rewarding “terrorism.”

The speech came amid mounting condemnation of Israel’s conduct. A recent U.N. commission of inquiry concluded that some actions by Israeli forces may amount to genocide in Gaza, intensifying global pressure on Israel.

For many delegations, the walkout was a form of moral protest, an attempt to withhold legitimacy from a speech delivered under the shadow of alleged war crimes.

Anwar said the move showed Israel’s disregard “not only for the rights of the Palestinian people but also for the conscience of the world.”

“I condemn in the strongest terms Israel’s interception of the Global Sumud Flotilla. These vessels carried unarmed civilians and life-saving humanitarian supplies for Gaza, yet they were met with intimidation and coercion,” he wrote on social media . 

He vowed to pursue legal action to free the Malaysians and hold Israel to account.

“Malaysia will use all legitimate and lawful means at our disposal to ensure that Israel is held to account, especially in matters concerning Malaysian citizens,” he said. “The safety and dignity of our people are paramount, and we will not allow them to be compromised with impunity.”

As of writing, 40 boats had been seized by Israel, with only 12 still evading its naval forces.

The Global Sumud Flotilla is described as the largest maritime mission of its kind, with delegates from 44 countries forming the crew. Among them is climate activist Greta Thunberg. 

The vessels are carrying humanitarian supplies, including rice, biscuits and milk powder, considered vital as international agencies warn of famine in Gaza.

In September, a United Nations (UN) commission concluded that Israel has committed genocide in Gaza , citing evidence it imposed destructive conditions on the Palestinian people, including blocking food and water.

Anwar’s criticism comes at a time of growing unease in Asia over Israel’s actions. At the UN General Assembly, many countries in the region reiterated support for a two-state solution.

Malaysia has long been one of Israel’s fiercest critics. Anwar has previously said his country’s position has made it a target of Israeli intelligence, and at one point Kuala Lumpur even called for Israel’s expulsion from the UN.

The Malaysian premier vowed his country would continue to stand undeterred against Israel. 

“As long as the Palestinian people are denied their fundamental rights and aspirations, Malaysia will stand unflinchingly with them,” he said. “We will not relent in demanding an end to the injustice and dispossession that have plagued Palestine for generations.”

He praised Egypt’s “leading role” in regional peace efforts and called for deeper U.S.-Egypt coordination.

Abdelatty welcomed the U.S. initiative, calling Trump’s efforts “sincere,” but stressed Egypt’s conditions , which are that humanitarian aid must reach Gaza on a scale, Israeli forces must withdraw, and any attempt to annex the West Bank or displace Palestinians must be rejected.

He reiterated Cairo’s support for a two-state solution, arguing it remains the only path to lasting peace and security for both Israelis and Palestinians.

The war in Gaza has killed more than 41,000 Palestinians since October 2023, according to Gaza’s health ministry , and displaced over 80% of the enclave’s population. Egypt has played a central role in ceasefire talks and aid delivery through the Rafah crossing, making its stance crucial to any international settlement. 

“It provides a viable pathway to long term and sustainable peace, security and development for the Palestinian and Israeli people, as also for the larger West Asian region,” Modi wrote on social media hours after the plan was presented at the White House.

“We hope that all concerned will come together behind President Trump’s initiative and support this effort to end conflict and secure peace,” he added.

The Indian leader had faced criticism from the opposition Congress party for what it called his “supremely indifferent” silence on the war. India abstained in a 2023 United Nations vote calling for a humanitarian truce in Gaza, though more recently it supported a resolution affirming the two-state solution.

With the conflict dominating debate at the UN General Assembly, Trump framed his initiative as a fast-track to peace. 

The plan calls for an immediate ceasefire, followed by a 72-hour deadline for Hamas to release all Israeli hostages, both dead and alive. In exchange, Israel would free 250 prisoners serving life sentences and 1,700 Gazans detained after the October 7, 2023 attacks.

The proposal also demands that Hamas step aside from governance in Gaza and disarm— conditions the group has consistently rejected. Netanyahu confirmed that Israeli forces would gradually withdraw but maintain a large buffer zone inside Gaza “for the foreseeable future.”

Netanyahu warned that Israel was prepared to act alone if Hamas refused the terms.

"We're giving everybody a chance to have this done peacefully...But if Hamas rejects your plan, Mr. President, or if they supposedly accept it, and then basically do everything to counter it, then Israel will finish the job by itself,” he said. “This can be done the easy way or it can be done the hard way. But it will be done."

The Palestinian Authority, which administers parts of the West Bank, cautiously welcomed the proposal. In a statement carried by the official WAFA news agency, it said it was prepared to engage with Washington and international partners on a broader agreement aimed at “paving the way for just peace on the basis of a two-state solution.”

European leaders also signalled support. President Emmanuel Macron of France said the initiative left Hamas with “no choice but to immediately release all hostages and follow this plan.” 

In London, Prime Minister Keir Starmer urged “all sides to come together and to work with the US Administration to finalise this agreement,” saying Hamas should “end the misery” by laying down arms. 

Germany’s foreign minister, Johann Wadephul, called the proposal a rare chance for progress, warning: “This opportunity must not be wasted. Hamas must seize it.”

For Washington, the plan represents its most concerted bid yet to halt the Gaza war , and the most ambitious to date for Trump, who, for much of his second term, has styled himself as an “anti-war” leader credited with ending seven “un-endable” wars.

“With a war raging, Hamas remaining the de facto government of Gaza, and no clarity on next steps, too many questions remain about the future state of Palestine for it to be prudent for New Zealand to announce recognition at this time,” he said. 

Peters added that recognition in the current climate “could complicate efforts to secure a ceasefire by pushing Israel and Hamas into even more intransigent positions.”

Prime Minister Christopher Luxon echoed that stance in Auckland the following day, stressing that recognition was “a question of when, not if.” He said New Zealanders could be “proud” of the government’s independent decision. 

“We are not pro-Palestine, nor Israel, and we are friends to both. What we are is pro-peace,” Luxon said.

The decision leaves New Zealand among a minority of countries, including the United States, Japan and South Korea, that have withheld recognition. It stood apart from partners such as Australia, Canada and Britain, which on Sunday joined more than 140 nations that formally backed Palestinian aspirations for statehood.

Officials in Wellington argued that the timing was key. 

A government handout released on Friday said New Zealand “hoped to recognise a Palestinian state at a time when the situation on the ground offers greater prospects for peace and negotiation than at present.” 

Luxon said his government would continue to support the Palestinian Authority in building governance and institutions to prepare for eventual statehood.

Critics, however, accused the government of moral failure. 

Former prime minister Helen Clark called it a “day of shame” for New Zealand, noting the decision had been taken 11 days earlier but disclosed late in the UN debate. 

Labour’s foreign affairs spokesperson, Peeni Henare, said the government had placed New Zealand “on the wrong side of history,” adding: “There is no two-state solution or enduring peace in the Middle East without recognition of Palestine as a state.”

Because for the majority of the world — the rest of the world —this year’s UNGA wasn’t just about speeches. It was about demanding overdue recognition, fair representation, and a voice in how global affairs are managed.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu delivered a forceful speech—only to be greeted by an awkward truth: most of the room had walked out.

Over 50 countries staged a coordinated walkout during his address, many in protest of Israel’s actions in Gaza. Despite his attempts to command the spotlight, Netanyahu’s words were drowned out by the silence of empty seats.

And this wasn’t the only moment that revealed cracks in the UN’s foundations.

Palestine: excluded but not forgotten

For the first time since the Oslo Accords, Palestine’s delegation was blocked from attending. The US denied visas to President Mahmoud Abbas and over 80 officials, citing “national security concerns.” But for many observers, this was more about political control than security.

The response? A General Assembly vote - 145 countries in favour - allowing Abbas to send a pre-recorded video message instead. That video played to a room that listened closely. Ironically, in trying to silence Palestine, the U.S. only amplified its message.

A high-level parallel conference on Gaza ran alongside the UNGA. Leaders from Spain, the EU, Qatar, and the UAE pushed for urgent humanitarian action and statehood. Spain’s Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez even called for full UN membership for Palestine, accusing Israel of committing genocide.

G7 catch up

France, Australia, Canada and the UK finally did something they had talked about for years. But long after most countries had already acted. The recognition of a Palestinian State is now almost universal, but the military and economic might of the US still serves to counterbalance almost every other nation.

The UN Security Council: Still Stuck in 1945?

Another major talking point was the outdated structure of the UN Security Council.

Liberia’s President Joseph Boakai and Kenya’s President William Ruto both pushed for Africa to get a permanent seat at the table. Their argument is hard to dismiss: 54 African countries, over a billion people, and still no real power in the most important decisions the UN makes.

The Security Council was created in the aftermath of WWII to give the victors the most say. The US, UK, France, Russia, and China all have veto power. Everyone else? They rotate through 2-year terms with no veto and limited influence.

Groups like the L.69 (which includes countries from Africa, the Caribbean, Asia, and Latin America) and the African-led C-10 have been calling for reform for decades. But, as usual, those in power are reluctant to share it.

Rising frustration

That frustration is reaching a boiling point—especially as the U.S. repeatedly uses its veto power to block any criticism of Israel, despite widespread support for accountability among other nations.

Indonesia’s president, Prabowo Subianto, struck a powerful chord with a message that stood out for its clarity and compassion. His speech went viral across Global South social media platforms.

We are of different race, religion and nationality, but we gather as a human family.

He ended his speech with greetings from multiple religions, called for unity across borders and beliefs, and raised the alarm about climate change - a concern echoed by many leaders, but mostly ignored in mainstream headlines.

'Yes, we're still talking about climate change'

For countries across the Global South, climate change isn’t a future threat - it’s a daily crisis.

Brazil’s President Lula promised sustainable stewardship of the Amazon. Meanwhile, the President of the Seychelles, Wavel Ramkalawan, represented island nations already on the frontlines of climate disaster. His message? The biggest polluters must do more.

In the Global North, climate change often feels like a distant concern. But for many nations, it’s already changing everything—from food security to migration to national survival.

Beyond the headlines

Sure, Trump grabbing headlines for tripping on an escalator or making vague pronouncements about Ukraine might dominate the news cycle. But the real work—and the real frustration—was elsewhere.

Global South leaders raised the alarm on long-term structural problems:

While the West remains stuck in cycles of geopolitical drama and military posturing, much of the world is asking: where is the solidarity? Where is the fairness?

And perhaps more importantly—who really gets to shape the future?

World Reframed is produced in London by Global South World, part of the Impactum Group. Its editors are Duncan Hooper and Ismail Akwei.

ISSN 2978-4891

“This week, the leaders of France, Britain, Australia, Canada, and other countries unconditionally recognised a Palestinian state. They did so after the horrors committed by Hamas on October 7,  horrors praised on that day by nearly 90 percent of the Palestinian population. Nearly 90% supported the attack. They celebrated it. They danced on rooftops. They threw candies in Gaza and in Judea, Samaria, the West Bank, as you call it. Just like they celebrated 9/11,” Netanyahu said.

He warned that granting Palestinians a state after such attacks would be akin to giving al-Qaeda a country near New York City after the September 11 attacks.

“Giving the Palestinians a state one mile from Jerusalem after October 7 is like giving al-Qaeda a state one mile from New York City after September 11,” Netanyahu declared. “This is sheer madness. It’s insane. And we won’t do it,” he emphasised.

Adding that, “Israel will not allow you to shove a terrorist state down our throats,” he said. “We will not commit national suicide because you don’t have the guts to face down a hostile media and anti-Semitic mobs demanding Israel’s blood.”

Earlier, dozens of leaders and diplomats staged a walkout before Netanyahu began to deliver his speech.

The Israeli leader argued that his government has urged civilians to evacuate combat zones while Hamas, which he labelled a “genocidal terrorist organisation,” has tried to prevent them from leaving. He accused the militant group of being the true instigator of mass suffering.

Netanyahu’s remarks came after months of intensifying scrutiny over Israel’s military campaign in Gaza, where tens of thousands have been killed and most of the territory’s residents displaced. Human rights groups and aid agencies have warned of famine, disease and total collapse of basic services.

In a landmark report released this month, a UN commission concluded that Israel’s actions in Gaza meet four of the five acts of genocide defined under international law, including killing, causing serious bodily or mental harm, inflicting life-destroying conditions , and preventing births.

Separately, the International Court of Justice is hearing a case brought by South Africa that accuses Israel of genocide in Gaza, a charge Israel has fiercely rejected. Earlier this year, the ICJ ordered Israel to ensure humanitarian aid reached civilians, but UN monitors say those orders have largely been ignored.

Despite the mounting legal challenges, Netanyahu has vowed to press ahead with the military campaign against Hamas, insisting Israel will “finish the job.” He accused critics of “turning the truth on its head” by equating Israel with genocidal regimes.

In his address, Netanyahu defiantly ruled out the creation of a Palestinian state, saying Israel “will not commit national suicide.” 

He also condemned recent decisions by several governments to recognise Palestinian statehood, calling the moves a “mark of shame.”

The Israeli leader also vowed to press ahead with military operations in Gaza until Hamas is, in his words, “finished.” He read aloud the names of hostages still held in the enclave and said loudspeakers had broadcast his message into Gaza to reassure them.

Netanyahu used much of his speech to cast blame on critics abroad, accusing world leaders of faltering in their support for Israel as the war dragged on. He claimed Israel was fighting a “seven-front war” with minimal assistance from its allies.

His remarks come after France, Britain, Canada and several other nations formally recognised Palestine this week, adding momentum to calls for a negotiated two-state settlement. The Israeli premier has rejected that path, insisting that such recognition rewards Hamas.

The speech also took place under the shadow of war crimes allegations levelled against Netanyahu by the International Criminal Court, as well as genocide findings by an independent UN inquiry commission.

Despite the boycott, Netanyahu is set to continue a busy diplomatic schedule. He is expected to meet US President Donald Trump in Washington on Monday, where the two leaders will discuss regional security and Israel’s military campaign.

In Khan Younis on Thursday, displaced families gathered outside the al-Saada charity kitchen, waiting hours to receive a pot of rice or beans. Volunteers inside worked frantically, but the supply fell short of the need.

“Every day, about 20,000 people benefit from this charity kitchen,” said owner Saad Abdin. “Those who receive food survive; those who do not suffer even more.”’

Residents described a grim routine of waiting, hoping, and often leaving empty-handed. Um Ebrahim, who fled from the Aqsa University area, said some days she managed to return home with one or two meals, while on others she had nothing for her children .

Israel’s restrictions on the entry of goods have made meat, fish and eggs virtually unattainable. 

“People here are suffering from malnutrition,” Abdin said. “There is not enough food to go around for all the displaced in Khan Younis.”

The United Nations has warned that Gaza City is already in “Phase 5” — the highest category of food insecurity — with half a million people at risk of hunger, destitution and death. Aid agencies say conditions are worsening daily as fighting intensifies.

On September 16, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced a major ground operation in Gaza City. The Israeli army has described the city as a “dangerous combat zone” and urged residents to evacuate south, but aid groups say nowhere in the Strip is safe.

The war , now in its twelfth month, began when Hamas attacked Israel on October 7, 2023, killing more than 1,100 people and taking over 200 hostages. Since then, Israeli bombardments and ground operations have killed at least 65,000 Palestinians, according to Gaza’s health ministry.

At the UN, speaker after speaker condemned the scale of Israel’s campaign and supported the establishment of a Palestinian state. 

Leaders from Africa, Latin America and the Arab world urged stronger international action, accusing the Security Council of paralysis. Several called for an immediate ceasefire and warned that the humanitarian disaster in Gaza is a stain on global leadership.

On September 23, Chilean President Gabriel Boric addressed the United Nations General Assembly in New York, announcing Chile’s nomination of former president Michelle Bachelet for Secretary-General of the UN. Boric described the role as crucial amid “tensions, prolonged conflicts, climate crisis and humanitarian crisis.” The proposal has been framed by the ruling party as a matter of state, but the opposition has reacted cautiously. 

Boric calls for Netanyahu trial over Gaza war

In his UN address, Boric demanded accountability for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, calling for him to face charges of genocide before an international court. He condemned civilian deaths in Gaza, stressing that the loss of children “resonates far beyond Gaza” and is felt in Chile. The president also criticised violations of sovereignty, assassinations on neutral ground, and wars waged under false pretences, urging renewed international dialogue and cooperation.

Mandatory voting set to shape presidential race

Chile’s Congress is moving to enforce compulsory voting in the 2025 presidential election, with fines of up to 103,000 pesos ($136) for abstention. With voter registration now automatic, this will be the first time all eligible citizens must vote. Analysts suggest the measure could benefit conservative frontrunner José Antonio Kast, who is vying to succeed Boric in November’s elections.

Right-wing candidate pledges mass deportations of undocumented migrants

Far-right presidential candidate José Antonio Kast has vowed to deport all undocumented migrants, including children, if elected. He said illegal migration would be criminalised and offenders held in detention centres until expulsion. Kast also pledged special prisons for foreign nationals convicted of crimes. His hardline stance echoes past proposals, such as building a wall along Chile’s border with Bolivia. Polls show Kast tied with communist candidate Jeannette Jara, with both leading conservative Evelyn Matthei. Rising crime and insecurity remain central voter concerns ahead of the November 16 first-round vote.

Dispute over imported human legs for training

Thirty human legs imported from the United States for surgical training in Chile have been stranded in a Santiago warehouse for over a year pending a Supreme Court decision. The Health Authority argues that cadavers used for teaching and research must originate from domestic donations, while the Surgical Medical Training Centre (CEMQ), the importer, is challenging the restriction. The case has highlighted ongoing shortages of body donations for medical training in Chile, with universities increasingly struggling to supply anatomy labs.

He added that Indonesia would “take our share of the burden, not only with our sons and daughters, we are also willing to contribute financially to support the great mission to achieve peace by the United Nations.”

“Without the United Nations, we cannot be safe. No country can feel secure. We need the United Nations, and Indonesia will continue to support the United Nations, even though we still struggle, but we know the world needs a strong United Nations,” Prabowo said.

The French president said his decision was rooted in France’s longstanding ties to both Israel and the Palestinians. 

“This recognition is a way of affirming that the Palestinian people are not a people in excess,” he said, adding that it did not diminish Israel’s right to security.

Macron stressed that France’s commitment to Israel’s security remained firm, pointing to its support against Iranian missile attacks. But he said the ongoing bombardment of Gaza was destroying lives without offering a path to peace .

“Nothing, nothing more justifies the pursuit of war in Gaza. Nothing,” he told the Assembly. “To save lives, we must do everything to preserve the possibility of a two-state solution.”

The President also invoked Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish in describing Palestinians as a people with dignity and history, and warned against abandoning the UN’s original promise of two states living side by side in peace.

Macron said the recognition aimed to restart serious negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians. 

“This path is the path of peace and security for all,” he said, urging others to follow France’s lead.

Several countries did so. Belgium, Luxembourg, Malta, Andorra and San Marino would also recognise a Palestinian state, after the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Portugal made the same announcement on Sunday. 

Spain, Ireland, Norway and Slovenia recognised Palestine in 2024.

Macron warned against “the peril of endless wars,” telling the Assembly: “Right must always prevail over might. The time has come.”

“For years, I have prevented the establishment of this terrorist state in the face of enormous pressure both from home and abroad. We did it with determination, and we did it with political wisdom. Indeed, we doubled Jewish settlement in Judea and Samaria – and we will continue on this path,” he added.

The recognition comes amid mounting domestic and international pressure, as Israel's military campaign in Gaza intensifies.

The growing group of countries formally recognising Palestine as a state includes Canada and Australia .

French President Emmanuel Macron, who also announced yesterday, along with UK’s Keir Starmer, that Palestine would be formally recognised as a state at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York today, said, “This recognition is the beginning of a journey.”

“A path for peace , to save lives and to try together to live up to the human dignity we owe each other," he added.

However, Japan announced it will not recognise Palestinian statehood at the UNGA, Foreign Minister Takeshi Iwaya announced on Friday, September 19. 

Operated by the pro-Palestinian Freedom Flotilla Coalition (FFC), the activists had intended to draw attention to the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and later deliver a symbolic amount of aid to the region.

Now, a fresh group of activists called the Global Sumud Flotilla (GSF) is attempting to break through Israel's blockade once more in order to bring aid to Gaza.

They argue Israel's blockade is an "illegal siege on Gaza" as it breaches the 4th Geneva Convention against 'collective punishment' of civilians and the San Remo Manual (1994).

Israel has maintained a blockade on Gaza for the past 18 years. Since October 2023, it has further tightened restrictions, limiting the entry of food, fuel, and medical supplies.

The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) recently stated that Gaza is already experiencing the worst-case scenario of famine. The IPC called for immediate action to end the violence and allow for “unimpeded, large-scale, life-saving humanitarian response” to prevent “catastrophic human suffering”.

However, Israeli officials argue that the blockade is necessary to prevent aid from reaching Hamas. They have labelled the flotilla activists as “terrorists”.

The GSF, made up of dozens of boats and hundreds of activists from 44 countries, left Barcelona, Spain, on September 1. They expect to reach Gaza by mid-September.

Several countries, including Spain, the Netherlands, Ireland, Slovenia, and Iceland, have stated they will boycott next year’s contest in Vienna if Israel is allowed to compete.

Broadcasters are citing humanitarian concerns over the war in Gaza, the killing of journalists, restrictions on media access, and other ethical and political issues.

Spain has become the first of Eurovision’s “Big Five” countries (which contribute large financial support to the contest) to make such a conditional withdrawal.

RTVE, Spain’s public broadcaster, passed the decision at a board meeting and called for a resolution before the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) sets its December deadline for confirming participants.

The Netherlands’ broadcaster AVROTROS echoed this stance, stating that it could not justify Israel’s participation given what it sees as ongoing and severe human suffering in Gaza, and concerns over journalistic safety and media transparency.

Meanwhile, Ireland’s RTÉ described participation under these conditions as “unconscionable,” referencing loss of life, journalists’ deaths, and restricted media access in the territory.

The EBU has responded by stating it respects each broadcaster’s decision. It has opened consultations with members to assess how to handle the participation of Israel amid mounting pressure. Decisions on participation are due by mid-December.

This situation raises significant questions. Eurovision has long branded itself as apolitical, promoting unity through music. But as countries weigh moral considerations against entertainment and cultural diplomacy, it becomes clear that international events are increasingly arenas for political statements.

The precedent of excluding Russia in 2022 following its invasion of Ukraine gives one frame of reference for how the contest can adapt when geopolitics and ethics collide.