In Spain, Janones has been invited to contribute to Sánchez's campaign for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) ahead of the November 29 election . His participation has not yet been confirmed.

In Mexico , Sheinbaum has invited the Brazilian lawmaker to discuss joint initiatives aimed at strengthening left-wing political movements in both countries. No date has been set for the visit.

In Brazil, Janones created and coordinated the WhatsApp channel "Lula's Army," which reportedly attracted nearly 11 million members during the final stages of the presidential campaign. The initiative expanded Lula's digital presence and organised coordinated online activities among supporters.

The invitations follow Lula's re-election, which brought greater attention to Janones' approach to political communication. Known for his confrontational style on social media, the lawmaker sought to increase the left's presence on platforms where supporters of former President Jair Bolsonaro had established a strong following over the previous decade.

Janones calls his approach "Cultural Janonism," combining informal language, direct confrontation with political opponents, rapidly circulated content and continuous mobilisation of supporters.

From Lula's campaign to Spain's elections

According to Brazilian news outlet Metrópoles, Sánchez's invitation remains subject to discussions about Janones' participation, travel arrangements and expenses. The lawmaker had not confirmed whether he would accept the proposal.

The Spanish prime minister faces the November 29 election amid declining support for his socialist government, opposition from conservative parties and the growing influence of the far right.

Lula's victory attracted attention among progressive parties in Spain, which have presented the Brazilian election result as an example of overcoming an unfavourable electoral position.

Sánchez publicly celebrated Lula's re-election and linked the result to Spain's political situation. According to Spanish newspaper El País, left-wing parties in Spain are seeking to use Lula's victory to encourage progressive voters and strengthen their campaigns against political opponents.

Metrópoles also reported that Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum invited Janones to visit Mexico to discuss initiatives aimed at strengthening the left.

Although the invitations have different objectives, both reflect interest in Janones' ability to organise supporters and use digital communication for political mobilisation.

What is Cultural Janonism?

"Cultural Janonism" is the term Janones uses to describe his communication strategy, which gained attention during Brazil's 2022 presidential election when he participated in Lula's campaign against Jair Bolsonaro.

The approach has been examined in academic research exploring how left-wing political movements adopt communication methods associated with the right.

Its main characteristics include conversational language, confrontational messaging and content designed to generate strong emotional reactions, particularly anger and indignation. Research into social media platforms has examined how emotionally engaging content can receive greater visibility through recommendation algorithms.

Rather than relying exclusively on official campaign accounts, the strategy encourages supporters to distribute political messages themselves.

Videos, memes, short posts and campaign slogans are shared by different users, allowing messages to reach audiences beyond the original accounts.

However, the approach also raises concerns. Confrontational communication can increase the reach of political messages while contributing to polarisation and the spread of misleading information.

Using these methods does not automatically guarantee democratic communication or reliable information.

How Janones helped organise Lula's digital campaign

Brazil's 2026 presidential election brought Cultural Janonism to a much larger audience.

After finishing the first round behind Flávio Bolsonaro, Lula needed to increase his support within the three weeks separating the two rounds.

Janones responded by expanding the activities of "Lula's Army," a WhatsApp channel established in April.

Initially created for communication among supporters, the channel developed into a platform for distributing campaign materials and coordinating digital activities.

According to Brazilian news outlet UOL, the channel surpassed eight million members on October 22 and approached 11 million during the final stages of the campaign.

Janones encouraged participants to share videos, engage with posts supporting Lula, distribute campaign messages and avoid certain interactions with opposing accounts that could increase the visibility of pro-Bolsonaro content.

The mobilisation also extended beyond social media.

Janones called for coordinated public demonstrations, including a protest involving people banging pots and pans during Flávio Bolsonaro's interview on Jornal Nacional. He also encouraged supporters to demonstrate their support for Lula's re-election in public spaces.

The campaign increasingly used informal communication, including mobile phone videos and live broadcasts.

During one broadcast, Lula spoke with Janones and thanked supporters for their digital mobilisation. On election night, the president referred to the lawmaker as a "general," publicly acknowledging his role in the campaign.

The WhatsApp channel also faced legal challenges.

Brazil's Superior Electoral Court ordered its suspension in rulings connected to allegations by Bolsonaro's campaign that the channel had distributed false information.

Why the strategy is attracting international attention

Interest in Janones' campaign reflects a broader challenge facing left-wing parties internationally: how to compete on digital platforms where far-right movements have established active communities, distinctive communication styles and extensive networks for distributing political messages.

In Brazil, the Bolsonaro movement developed part of its political influence through networks of supporters, influencers and messaging channels.

These networks allowed political content to circulate widely and enabled regular communication with supporters outside election periods.

Janones' strategy sought to respond through similar digital tools, directing them towards mobilisation in support of Lula.

However, the effectiveness of such an approach depends on each country's political environment, public confidence in political leaders, media consumption habits and electoral regulations.

A strategy that reaches millions of people in Brazil may not produce similar results in Spain or Mexico.

For Sánchez and Sheinbaum, the question is which elements of Brazil's digital campaign experience can be adapted to their respective political environments without assuming that Lula's electoral victory can be replicated through a single communication strategy.

President José Antonio Kast has launched the Chile Despega employment plan , committing around 1.3 trillion Chilean pesos to measures aimed at creating more than 100,000 jobs and reviving investment as unemployment remains elevated. Kast presented the programme at La Moneda on September 28, joined by government ministers, political party representatives, workers and business groups. The government said the initiative is intended to provide an immediate response to a labour market in which unemployment has remained above 8% for 43 consecutive months and reached 9.5%. The plan has four main components: accelerating public investment and projects that can be executed quickly; expanding hiring and direct-employment incentives; improving liquidity for businesses and suppliers; and implementing employment measures at regional and local levels. Public projects involving infrastructure, reconstruction, housing, and municipalities are expected to accelerate from the final quarter of 2026, with physical investment increasing further in 2027. The government is also planning an additional 800 billion pesos for fast-execution projects.

Government opens talks on replacing disputed security reform

Chile's government has signalled that it is prepared to withdraw its controversial constitutional security reform if lawmakers can reach agreement on an alternative proposal with broader congressional support. The initiative was introduced on August 17 as part of the government's Agenda Against Organised Crime and Terrorism , or ACOT. Among its most contested provisions was the creation of an additional state of constitutional exception that could remain in force for as long as 240 days. Senator Pedro Araya, president of the Senate Constitution Committee, said on September 28 that the government had indicated its willingness to withdraw the existing proposal if lawmakers produced a replacement capable of addressing the security issues the original bill was intended to tackle. Araya said the goal was to develop a consensual proposal “in which both the government and the opposition can make clear what the central issues are that can help in matters of public security.” The emerging alternative would drop the proposed new state of exception and instead modify Chile's existing state-of-emergency framework to deal more directly with organised crime. Senators from different political blocs have been discussing the replacement text.

Argentina launches legal and diplomatic action over British flights from Punta Arenas

Argentina has announced sanctioning procedures, criminal complaints and diplomatic action after identifying flights operated by British company Thales UK Limited between Chile's Punta Arenas and the Falkland/Malvinas Islands . The government of President Javier Milei said the aircraft carried UK registration and operated on the Falkland/Malvinas–Punta Arenas route without authorisation from Argentine authorities. Buenos Aires claims sovereignty over the islands and refers to them as the Malvinas, while Britain administers them as the Falkland Islands. Argentina's presidency said: “The Argentine Republic will not stand idly by and will continue defending its sovereign rights firmly.” Buenos Aires said it would use diplomatic, administrative and legal mechanisms available under domestic and international law. The Milei administration has separately instructed its Foreign Ministry to begin arbitration proceedings under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea over the British-backed Sea Lion oil project in the North Falkland Basin. Argentina has demanded that Britain prevent the start or continuation of hydrocarbon exploitation activities and has warned that it could seek provisional measures from the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.

Pérez Mackenna defends relations with both China and the United States

Foreign Minister Francisco Pérez Mackenna has defended Chile's approach to its relationships with China and the United States following questioning in the Chamber of Deputies on September 28. The session was the first time a Chilean foreign minister had been subjected to the Chamber's formal interpellation procedure since that mechanism was introduced. Socialist deputy Nelson Venegas led the questioning, which covered Chile's relationship with Washington and Beijing, sovereignty issues, the Strait of Magellan and the government's involvement in the US-backed Shield of the Americas security initiative. After the session, Pérez Mackenna summarised the government's position: “We aim to have the best possible relations with China and the United States.” He said Chile sees China primarily as its leading commercial partner, accounting for around 40% of the country's foreign trade, while describing the United States as an important strategic partner across areas including defence, telecommunications and software. Pérez Mackenna rejected suggestions that ties with Washington compromised Chilean decision-making. “While I am foreign minister, Chile's sovereignty will be defended with all our strength.”

Chile declares three days of mourning after killing of corporal Cristopher Aguilera

Chile's government declared September 28, 29 and 30 national days of mourning following the killing of Carabineros corporal second class Cristopher Aguilera Fernández during a police operation in Lo Espejo, Santiago. Aguilera, 30, was carrying out preventive patrol and inspection duties with another officer on September 27 when they encountered an armed man. Investigators said the man produced a firearm with an extended magazine and opened fire on the officers. Aguilera suffered a serious gunshot wound and was taken to Clínica Las Condes, where he later died. His colleague returned fire, killing the alleged attacker at the scene. Prosecutors identified the gunman as Venezuelan national Brayan Farías Díaz and said he had previous detentions, including for carrying a bladed weapon and bribery. Aguilera was born in Peñaflor on July 15, 1996 and joined Carabineros in January 2018. He became a corporal second class in 2022 and had received 10 commendations during his career, including recognition for operations involving robbery, drug trafficking and illegal weapons. He was also the father of a baby under one year old. The government announced three days of national mourning beginning September 28. Kast also led a minute's silence at La Moneda. “When a Carabinero dies, a part of Chile dies,” the president said.