Here is a look at the winners from 2014 to 2024:

2014: The Ebola Fighters

In 2014, Time honoured the healthcare workers who risked their lives to combat the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. These brave individuals, including doctors, nurses, and volunteers, played a crucial role in controlling the epidemic and saving countless lives.

2015: Angela Merkel

German Chancellor Angela Merkel was named Person of the Year in 2015 for her leadership during the European debt crisis and her open-door policy for refugees fleeing conflict in the Middle East.

2016: Donald Trump

Donald Trump was recognized in 2016 following his unexpected victory in the U.S. presidential election. His campaign and subsequent election marked a significant shift in American politics.

2017: The Silence Breakers (#MeToo Movement Advocates)

The Silence Breakers, representing the individuals who spoke out against sexual harassment and assault, were honoured in 2017. This movement, which gained momentum with the #MeToo hashtag, brought widespread attention to issues of gender inequality and abuse.

2018: The Guardians

2018 Time recognised journalists who faced persecution, arrest, or murder for their work. This included Jamal Khashoggi, Maria Ressa, and the staff of the Capital Gazette, highlighting the importance of press freedom.

2019: Greta Thunberg

Teenage climate activist Greta Thunberg was named Person of the Year in 2019 for her efforts to raise global awareness about climate change and inspire a new generation of environmental activists.

2020: Joe Biden and Kamala Harris

In 2020, President-elect Joe Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris were jointly honoured for their historic election victory and their roles in promoting unity and empathy during a divisive time in American history.

2021: Elon Musk

Elon Musk, the CEO of Tesla and SpaceX, was recognized in 2021 for his significant influence on technology and space exploration. His ventures have pushed the boundaries of innovation and reshaped industries.

2022: Volodymyr Zelenskyy and the Spirit of Ukraine

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and the Spirit of Ukraine were honoured in 2022 for their resilience and leadership during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Their courage and determination inspired global support for Ukraine.

2023: Taylor Swift

Pop superstar Taylor Swift was named Person of the Year in 2023 for her cultural impact and record-breaking Eras Tour. Her influence extended beyond music, touching on social and political issues.

2024: Donald Trump

In 2024, Donald Trump was once again recognized for his remarkable political comeback and influence on American politics. His ability to energize voters and flip swing states secured his place in history.

Women voters leaned toward Harris, with 54% casting ballots in her favour, though this margin was narrower than expected. Trump continued to attract more white voters, while Harris retained strong support from Black and Latino communities. However, Trump made significant inroads among Latino men, reflecting shifting dynamics within this demographic.

Young voters largely backed Harris , but her support dropped in key states like Michigan. While Biden captured 61% of the 18–29 demographic in 2020, Harris secured only 46% this year, underscoring a declining enthusiasm among younger voters.

Swing states played pivotal roles in the election's direction. In Wisconsin, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Georgia, Harris performed well in urban hubs like Madison and Milwaukee, but Trump dominated rural areas. Pennsylvania, holding 19 critical electoral votes, ultimately tipped toward Trump, clinching his victory.

This election also saw a slight dip in support from Black voters for the Democratic ticket. Economic pressures over the past four years may have swayed some, and while Harris’s campaign spotlighted celebrity endorsements, some voters felt that their local concerns were underrepresented.

As African nations consider what this means for trade, immigration, and foreign policy, many wonder if Trump’s second term will signal new challenges or opportunities.

An “America First” foreign policy 

Ghanaian Political Analyst, Professor Etse Sikanku, anticipates that Trump’s "America First" policy will take precedence, potentially limiting cooperation with African countries. Sikanku suggests that under Trump, the US may become more inward-looking: “America is going to return to its isolationism…to take a backward seat when it comes to global affairs. They'll be less interested in internationalism, less interested in international cooperation, less interested in multiculturalism,” he told GSW’s Wonder Hagan.

African leaders extend congratulations 

Despite concerns, several African leaders have congratulated Trump, expressing a willingness to work with his administration. Somalian President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, whose country recently had a $1.1 billion debt cancelled by the Biden administration, conveyed his eagerness to collaborate on security and peace efforts. For Somalia, struggling with internal conflicts and insurgencies, partnership with the US remains critical.

Key policies of concern for Africa

Trade and economic policies

The future of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), a programme allowing African exports tax-free access to US markets, is now uncertain. Trump previously indicated he would not renew AGOA when it expires in 2025, advocating instead for a universal 10% tariff on foreign goods. This shift could disrupt the economic benefits that African countries currently enjoy, impacting trade-dependent sectors.

Immigration and travel restrictions 

Trump’s hardline stance on immigration is a concern for many Africans, as migration to the US is a path toward better opportunities for many. During his first term, Trump implemented a travel ban targeting several African nations. With migration at record levels—58,000 African migrants were reported at the US-Mexico border in 2023 alone—a renewed travel ban could further limit African migration options, especially for those fleeing conflict and poverty.

Climate policy and fossil fuels  

Africa’s leaders have voiced the need for support in addressing climate change while balancing energy needs. Trump’s policies on climate are likely to favour fossil fuel expansion, a stance he emphasised in a post-election speech promising to “amp up oil production.” 

“We have more liquid gold than any country in the world… More than Saudi Arabia. We have more than Russia,” said the president-elect to a jubilant Republican crowd.

African nations seeking investment in both fossil fuel and renewable energy may find the Trump administration supportive of the former but potentially restrictive on climate-focused funding.

LGBTQ rights and social policies  

US foreign aid policies under Trump are also likely to shift, particularly concerning social issues like LGBTQ rights. Trump’s stance may appeal to some African leaders who have criticised past US administrations for tying aid to social value conditions. Following Uganda’s recent upholding of an anti-gay law and Ghana’s passage of an anti-gay bill, leaders like Rwanda’s President Paul Kagame have expressed hope for a US partnership rooted in mutual respect rather than “imposing its views and ways of life.”

During his congratulatory message to Trump, Kagame said: “Your clear message has been that the United States should be a partner of choice that attracts by the force of its example, rather than by imposing its views and ways of life on others. I therefore look forward to working with you for the common benefit of both our countries in the years ahead.”

With Trump’s presidency set to begin on January 20, as per the American Constitution's 20th Amendment ,  Africans are preparing for a new era of US-Africa relations. Whether through changes in trade, immigration, or climate policy, Trump’s second term will undoubtedly have implications for the continent. 

His message was clear: the country must come together, regardless of political differences, to ensure a peaceful transition of power.

He urged Americans to see each other not as adversaries , but as fellow citizens, and to move forward with a sense of common purpose.

"Something I hope we can do, no matter who you voted for, is see each other not as adversaries, but as fellow Americans. Bring down the temperature. I also hope we can lay to rest the question about the integrity of the American electoral system - it is honest, it is fair, and it is transparent," he emphasised.

In his address, Biden reiterated his commitment to ensuring a smooth transition of power, having already spoken with Trump and invited him to the White House.

"Yesterday, I spoke with President-elect Trump to congratulate him on his victory and I assured him that I direct my entire administration to work with his team to ensure a peaceful and orderly transition. That's what the American people deserve," he added.

Trump, who has long criticized U.S. military aid to Ukraine and expressed his admiration for Russian President Vladimir Putin, has repeatedly suggested—though without specifics—that he could quickly end the war if elected.

"I hope that if Trump is elected, the situation in Ukraine will improve and develop," said Alexander, a 48-year-old engineer.

Trump’s stance on the conflict has focused on reducing U.S. support for Ukraine, particularly the billions of dollars in military aid sent to Kyiv to help counter Russian advances. However, the former president has not detailed what steps he would take to achieve a resolution or whether his proposed approach would involve direct negotiations with Moscow.

Despite Trump's rhetoric, Russia’s military has made significant territorial gains in Ukraine over the past months, and Moscow has insisted that it will only accept a peace deal if Ukraine agrees to surrender large portions of its territory.

Many in Moscow believe that a Trump presidency could lead to a reduction in U.S. military assistance to Ukraine, which would shift the balance of the ongoing war. "If Trump is elected, at this point, there will likely be less aid to Ukraine and a big change in U.S. domestic politics," Yevgeny, a 19-year-old student told AFP.

However, some Muscovites are more sceptical, remembering that during Trump’s previous term, despite his often anti-interventionist rhetoric, U.S. policy toward Russia did not significantly change. "Campaigning is one thing, and actually sitting in the chair and taking action is quite another," said Ivan. "Something will change, but it’s too early to say what."

The victory, which came after a bitter and contentious campaign, solidified Trump's return to the White House for a non-consecutive second term, making him the first president in over a century to achieve such a feat.

The election results, which took many by surprise, were finalized early Wednesday with Trump capturing 277 Electoral College votes—well above the 270 needed to win—while Harris trailed with 224 votes.

"Whether it is Trump or another [president], nothing will change for the Palestinian issue. Unfortunately, Trump and the others support the Zionists," a displaced Gazan told AFP.

"Donald Trump is like the devil himself," she said, explaining that this belief has motivated many shamans to "clear Kamala Harris' path" in hopes that she becomes the first woman president of the United States.

"Within the sessions we have had I have been able to visualize that she is a very caring woman who wants to do a lot for the country," she added. "However, we have also seen that there is a black hand, that Donald Trump is like the devil himself and that is why many of us are clearing Kamala Harris' path so that she can achieve the office that the country needs so much."

However, shaman Juan de Diosnsaid his visions indicate that Donald Trump will ultimately emerge victorious. "My visions show that Trump will triumph," he told AFP.

The divided predictions from the shamans highlight the broader uncertainty surrounding the election, with polls indicating a tight race between Harris and Trump.

While their spiritual insights may not provide definitive answers, the shamans' ritual continues as a symbolic attempt to glimpse the outcome of one of the most contentious elections in recent U.S. history.

This is the end of our live coverage of the 2024 US election. Follow GSW for more important updates.

12:30 GMT: Donald Trump wins US presidency

After losing out on reelection four years ago, Donald Trump has now secured his return to the White House as the 47th president of the United States.  He becomes the oldest person to be elected president. His win in Wisconsin put him over the 270 threshold needed to clinch the presidency. 

11:46 GMT: How African leaders are reacting to Trump's win

11:14 GMT: World leaders congratulate Trump on 'historic' victory

10:53 GMT: Billboard in Jerusalem congratulates Donald Trump

8:05 GMT: Global reactions begin to trickle in

Reactions from around the world began trickling in on Wednesday as Fox News projected that Republican Donald Trump had won the battleground state of Pennsylvania, which would all but close off Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris' chances of winning the U.S. presidency.

7:45 GMT: Trump claims victory after Fox News projection

Trump claimed victory after Fox News projected that he had defeated Democrat Kamala Harris.

"America has given us an unprecedented and powerful mandate," he said early on Wednesday to a roaring crowd of supporters at the Palm Beach County Convention Center.

Other news outlets had yet to call the race for Trump, but he appeared on the verge of winning after capturing the battleground states of Pennsylvania, North Carolina and Georgia and holding leads in the other four, according to Edison Research.

6:38 GMT: Vote counting continues

The latest results coming in indicate that Trump has 265 electoral votes out of the 270 needed to win, while Harris currently has 194 electoral votes.

3:22 GMT: Obama thanks people for voting

3:01 GMT: Donald Trump wins Missouri and Utah

Republican Donald Trump has secured a victory in the conservative state of Missouri, against Democrat Kamala Harris.

Trump also wins Utah and its six electoral votes.

2:46 GMT: How the Democrats and Republicans are encouraging Americans to vote

Democrats enlisted celebrities to energize their supporters as they waited in long lines to vote.

Republicans have also urged their supporters to remain in line, even after polls close. In a video posted on social media, Donald Trump told voters, "Hi, Republicans. We’re doing really well. If you're in line, stay in line."

2:18 GMT: Early vote results

So far, Harris has 99 electoral votes and Trump is at 177. Donald Trump has captured Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Dakota, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia and Wyoming.

Harris has also captured Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island and Vermont.

1:53 GMT: Early vote results indicate a wider margin of win for Trump so far

As of the time of reporting, popular votes indicate that Trump has 20,559,880 votes and is leading Kamala who has 17,316,905 by 3,242,975 votes.

1:35 GMT: Democratic watch party

Howard University Gospel Choir make an appearance at Harris HQ, Washington D.C.

1:19 GMT: Watch parties

A crowd gathers outside Harris HQ at Howard University, Washington

Supporters gather inside Trump HQ in Palm Beach, Florida

01:08 GMT: Results are trickling in for various states

Voting results from various U.S. states are starting to come in as polls close across the country. So far, more states have been called for Trump than Harris. West Virginia, Florida, Kentucky, Alabama, Oklahoma, Indiana, Tennessee, and Missouri appear to have been called for Trump while Harris has won Maryland and Massachusetts so far.

No battlegrounds have been called yet.

23:04 GMT: Watch party in some states

Meanwhile, an election night watch party has began in Dublin, Ireland. it is organised by the American Embassy at the Guinness Storehouse. Crowds have gathered to participate.

Here are some photos

23:01 GMT: Kamala visits DNC

Democratic presidential nominee and U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris visited the DNC headquarters in Washington earlier where she spoke on phone to some voters.

19:03 GMT: Poll closing time in different states

When are polls expected to close in different states?

19:02 GMT: When to expect swing state results

Voting in Pennsylvania, Georgia, North Carolina, Michigan, Arizona, Wisconsin and Nevada will significantly determine the final results of the 2024 U.S. elections. When should we expect results from these states? Here's a map compiled by World in Maps.

18:57 GMT: Voting ongoing

As voting nears a close in many states, many voters are still casting their ballots at various polling stations including Atlanta which is a battleground state of Georgia, and New York City.

17:36 GMT: Vote counting begins in Pennsylvania

Vote counting has begun in Pennsylvania, with officials first tallying mailed-in ballots received before Election Day. Polls will be counted from the polling sites after polls are closed, according to Philadelphia City Commissioner's office. Pennsylvania is considered a battle ground and votes for any candidate from here are very crucial in the elections.

17:30 GMT: Obama rallies votes for Kamala Harris

As the race narrows, former President Barack Obama rallies voters to head to their respective polling stations in support for Kamala Harris and Tim Walz. In an earlier social media message, he said, "Folks, this election is going to be close, in some states, just a handful of votes in every precinct could decide the winner".

17:21 GMT: Voting in North Carolina

Meanwhile, North Carolina voters wait in long lines to cast their ballots in a tight race between Harris and Trump.

17:18 GMT: Kamala Harris' running mate addresses supporters

In Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Democratic candidate for Vice President Tim Walz is ready to speak to supporters.

17:04 GMT: Here are some photos from when Donald Trump and wife arrived for voting at the Palm Beach in Florida.

17:02 GMT: Trump concludes press conference

Oprah wanted to run with me as Vice President, she is a divider and Barak Obama is a divider too - Trump

This is the greatest political movement in the history of our country  and we are going to make America great again - Trump

16:55 GMT: Trump responds to media questions

I already know what I'd like to say if I win, I don't need a speech - Trump

I hear we are doing well everywhere. I may regret that statement but I hear we are doing well everywhere - Trump

I don’t want any violence but I don’t have to tell my followers because they are great people, they don’t believe in violence - Trump

16:51 GMT: Trump speaks and responds to questions after voting

It looks like we have a substantial lead, we have more Republicans voting more than Democrats

16:47 GMT: Trump and wife vote

Donald Trump has expressed confidence in a win, describing his campaign as the best so far and suggesting that turnout for him appears great so far.

16:13 GMT: Austrian Social Democrats leader Andreas Babler holds press conference after Coalition Talks

Andreas Babler, Chairman of Austria's Social Democrats, delivered a press statement in Vienna on November 5, 2024, following coalition talks with Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer, head of the People's Party (ÖVP).

16:03 GMT: Migrants walk

A drone view shows migrants walking in a caravan during U.S. Presidential election day, in an attempt to reach Mexico's northern border, in Tapachula.

15:55 GMT: Trump and wife ready to vote

Republican presidential nominee and former U.S. President Donald Trump and his wife Melania are expected to cast their vote at a polling station in Palm Beach, Florida.

15:40 GMT: People vote on Election Day in Lewiston, Maine

15:31 GMT: When will election results be announced?

Vote counting may take several days or weeks. States are expected to certify results by December 11, and the 538 electors will convene on December 17 to cast their official votes. Certification in Congress is set for January 6, 2025.

15:27 GMT: Voting time extended in Pennsylvania's Cambria County

Voting hours in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, have been extended due to a "software malfunction" that temporarily prevented voters from scanning their ballots, the County Commissioners' Office announced on Tuesday, November 5.

Election officials reassured the public that "a process is in place for issues of this nature".

15:22 GMT: Voters in New York City share who they voted for

Voters in New York City's East Village share who they voted for after casting their ballots at a polling station early on US Election Day.

15:16 GMT: Ballot counting will go much faster, Philadelphia city commissioner says

Philadelphia City Commissioner Seth Bluestein said he believes the ballot counting process in the 2024 election to be "much faster" than it was in 2020.

“We started pre-canvassing our mail ballots as soon as the polls opened at 7 a.m. today and we are going to count the ballots much faster than we did in 2020,” Bluestein told CNN.

14:33 GMT: Gazans say they 'don't have any hope' of change after US elections

"We've had a bitter experience with American policy since time immemorial ... we don't have any hope that American policy will change anything in the Middle East," Mohammed Abu Hattab told AFP on the eve of the 2024 US election.

13:38 GMT: Biden will watch election results from White House

A White House official confirmed that President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden will watch the election results from the White House residence with long-time aides and senior staff.

“We’ve asked a lot of each other, unions and I – unions and me. And I ask you one more thing. I’m asking you – for your support for Kamala and for Tim Walz. I’m not just asking it for me. I mean, I’m going to be gone,” Biden said at a carpenter’s union hall in Scranton on November 2.

13:36 GMT: Polls open in more states

13:15 GMT: Students turn up in numbers to vote in Pennsylvania

13:04 GMT: Harris or Trump will inherit a mixed legacy in the 2024 US election

Whoever triumphs in the election - Trump or Vice President Kamala Harris - will inherit the legacy of a Biden administration that made good on some promises, saw others swept off-course by events, and others still only partially fulfilled.

12:57 GMT: Polls open in North Carolina

12:28 GMT: Polls open in more states

12:20 GMT: New Hampshire hamlet tied in first US Election Day votes

In New Hampshire’s Dixville Notch, the polls opened at midnight, where voters cast a split decision: three votes for Trump and three votes for Harris.

12:15 GMT: Americans vote on Election Day in Manhattan, New York City

11:45 GMT: Early voting in the U.S. presidential election at a polling station in Detroit, Michigan

11:42 GMT: Harris and Trump make final appeals

Harris, 60, wrapped up her campaign in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. "Momentum is on our side," Harris declared in her final rally. "This is a moment for change, and we’re going to fight for every vote."

Meanwhile, Trump, 78, made his final case at a rally in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Trump promised that his presidency would lead America to "new heights of glory." "With your vote tomorrow, we can fix every single problem our country faces," Trump declared.

11:35 GMT: Harris and Trump comments on the Israel-Gaza war

Harris has expressed her commitment to ending the violence, acknowledging the challenges this year has brought.

She has reiterated her support for Israel and the importance of securing the release of hostages, while also endorsing the U.S. stance that a two-state solution would provide Palestinians with security and sovereignty, according to the New York Times.

She initially advocated for a cease-fire in early March and has been more outspoken than President Biden regarding the humanitarian crisis resulting from Israel's bombardment and invasion of Gaza.

At a raucous rally at Michigan State University just 36 hours before the elections, she emphasised the need to address the concerns of the Arab-American community, which has voiced anger over the U.S. handling of the Israel-Hamas conflict.

Trump has reiterated his backing for Israel's invasion and bombardment of Gaza. He has urged Israel to “finish up” suggesting it is losing public support.

Trump has also generally called for an end to the war in Gaza but has not specified a clear plan for how to achieve that goal. At the Israeli-American Council summit in October 2024, Trump referred to himself as a protector of Jewish America. "You have a big protector in me. You don't have a protector on the other side," Trump said.

11:01 GMT: What a Donald Trump presidency will mean for Africa

A win by Republican candidate Donald Trump will mean his “America First” agenda will come into play and all other cooperation be limited and a Harris win also has dynamics leaning more towards international cooperation, he noted.

If Donald Trump wins, Prof. Etse Sikanku says America is “going to return to its isolationism. America is going to turn back to nativism. America is going to take a backward seat when it comes to global affairs. They'll be less interested in internationalism, less interested in international cooperation, less interested in multiculturalism”.

10:50 GMT What a Kamala Harris presidency will mean for Africa

A Kamala Harris Administration on the other hand is expected to be more open to global engagement on the international front, he noted.

“Harris' presidency is going to be more internationalist in its perspective. It's going to be more multicultural. They'll be more interested in pursuing international cooperation agreements.”

10:45 GMT: US election may affect Africa’s security cooperation, Analyst says

The results of the U.S. presidential election could shape America’s role in African security matters, particularly in the fight against terrorism, according to Professor G. Etse Sikanku, a political communication analyst.

“Africa has been very peripheral within the larger US dynamic,” Prof. Sikanku said, explaining that the continent mostly comes up in U.S. discussions regarding counterterrorism and security challenges.

Prof. Sikanku noted that regardless of who wins the election, the U.S. is expected to maintain or expand partnerships with African nations in regions facing high levels of terrorism.

Citing countries like Niger, Kenya, and Somalia, he noted that these regions could benefit from military cooperation agreements with the U.S. aimed at reducing threats from groups such as Al-Shabaab, al-Qaeda, and ISIS.

“There will be military agreements in order to curb the effect of Al Shabaab, al-Qaeda, ISIS, and other terrorist organisations,” he added.

Prof. Sikanku further suggested that Africa’s security situation, particularly in the Sahel region, could remain a priority in U.S.-Africa relations, with collaborations between the two parties to address terrorist threats.

10: 20 GMT: Polls open in some states

At 6 a.m. ET, polling locations in 8 states including those in Connecticut, New Jersey, New York, New Hampshire and Virginia are open.

In Indiana and Kentucky, polls began opening at 6 a.m. ET, but some in the central time zone will open at 7 a.m. ET.

In Maine, nearly all polls opened at 6 a.m. ET, but municipalities with less than 500 people can open as late as 10 a.m. ET.

The tiny New Hampshire township of Dixville Notch voted at midnight, in line with a decades-long tradition; Vice President Kamala Harris and former President Donald Trump tied with three votes each.

Polling stations in the US state of Vermont have commenced operations on Election Day following an intense presidential campaign that concluded on the evening of November 4. Harris concluded her 107-day campaign in Pennsylvania, while Trump delivered remarks in Michigan, a state where he has ended three of his presidential campaigns.

KEY FACTS AND HIGHLIGHTS

Voting Process

Americans aged 18 and above are eligible to vote, and many have already done so. By October 30, over 52 million voters had cast ballots through early or mail-in voting. This trend aligns with 2020, when only 27% of voters went to the polls on Election Day, while the majority voted early or by mail. Additionally, U.S. citizens living abroad can participate by absentee ballot.

Nominees

The presidential race is led by two major party nominees. The Democratic candidate, 60-year-old Vice President Kamala Harris would make history as the first woman, the first Black woman, and the first Asian woman to serve as president. On the Republican side, 78-year-old former President Donald Trump is making another bid for office, aiming to be the oldest person to assume the presidency.

Independent Candidates

In many states, voters also have the option to support third-party or independent candidates, including Jill Stein (Green Party), Chase Oliver (Libertarian Party), Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (Independent), and Cornel West (Independent).

Congressional and Gubernatorial Election

Besides the presidential race, all 435 House of Representatives seats and 34 Senate seats are on the ballot. Eleven states will elect new governors, while thousands of other local, state, and federal positions are being contested.

Voter Registration

With more than 186 million Americans registered to vote as of September 2024, nearly 80% of eligible Americans are set to participate in this election cycle.

The Electoral College

The U.S. presidential election relies on the Electoral College system, where 538 electors—allocated by state based on population—ultimately select the president. A candidate needs 270 electoral votes to win. If no candidate reaches this threshold, the House of Representatives will decide the outcome.

Key Swing States

States with close partisan divides, often referred to as battlegrounds or swing states, include Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. These states will be crucial in determining the final outcome.

Election Night Calls

In the U.S., news outlets project winners rather than a government agency. The Associated Press and major television networks consider vote tallies, exit polls, and historical data to “call” the race for a candidate.

Vote Counting

Vote counting may take several days or weeks. States are expected to certify results by December 11, and the 538 electors will convene on December 17 to cast their official votes. Certification in Congress is set for January 6, 2025.

Challenges and Disputes

Candidates have a limited window post-election to challenge results if needed, with dispute resolution possible at the local, state, or federal level, including the U.S. Supreme Court.

All eyes are on the candidates and swing states as Americans decide their next president.

This year won’t be different, the emerging winner in the elections will largely determine the way forward as far as major policies regarding Africa and the rest of the world are concerned.

According to Ghanaian Political Analyst, Prof. Etse Sikanku, each candidate’s win could either promote a stronger international partnership or a more self-focused America.

A win by Republican candidate Donald Trump will mean his “America First” agenda will come into play and all other cooperation be limited and a Harris win also has dynamics leaning more towards international cooperation, he noted.

If Donald Trump wins, Prof. Sikanku says America is “going to return to its isolationism. America is going to turn back to nativism. America is going to take a backward seat, when it comes to global affairs. They'll be less interested in internationalism, less interested in international cooperation, less interested in multiculturalism”.

A Kamala Harris Administration on the other hand is expected to be more open to global engagement on the international front, he noted.

“Harris' presidency is going to be more internationalist in its perspective. It's going to be more multicultural. They'll be more interested in pursuing international cooperation agreements.”

What are the expectations from Africans?

There are expectations from African countries in major policy areas.

Trade

The next U.S. administration will have to decide on the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) trade deal, which lets African countries export duty-free to the U.S. The deal is due to expire in 2025 but many African nations are hoping that the act is expanded to cover more countries. However, a Harris administration could add strict requirements, while a Trump presidency might face pressure to limit African participation, especially for nations like South Africa.

Immigration

This has been a big area for Africans many of whom migrate to the U.S. to seek better opportunities. Immigration rules under the next U.S. president could affect African countries significantly. Trump has been known for his non-tolerance of undocumented immigrants and a travel ban on certain African nations during his first term. A renewed ban could target more African nations facing security issues. A Harris administration might keep vetting measures but may ease some restrictions.

Climate

Climate policy is another big issue for Africa, as the continent is vulnerable to climate impacts. African leaders want support for both fossil fuels and renewables to boost energy access. Trump could support fewer restrictions and Africa’s demand for fossil fuel financing. Harris on the other hand might prioritise renewables.

Military Cooperation

African leaders are watching U.S. military plans closely, especially after many U.S. troops have left  Africa in recent times. A Trump administration may reduce U.S. forces even further, as his “America First” strategy questions U.S. interests in Africa. Harris, however, could keep current military support while focusing on local solutions to counter extremism. This approach aims to help Africa build its own security .

Ukraine

Africa has faced economic hardship due to the Ukraine war and sanctions on Russia. Trump promises a quick end to the war, which could ease Africa’s inflation issues. Harris might keep supporting Ukraine, risking further strain on African economies. Many African nations want to avoid choosing sides, but the U.S. stance could make neutrality difficult.

Social Issues

U.S. policies on social values, like LGBTQ rights, have affected African relations with Washington. Trump is likely to cut foreign aid linked to social values, while Harris who is a human rights advocate and prosecutor would likely continue Biden’s approach of supporting LGBTQ rights in Africa. Some African leaders see these conditions as “ideological colonialism” and support aid without strings.

Abortion rights

Under the Biden administration, Harris has backed reproductive health programs, including support for abortion rights, with U.S. funding going to global initiatives on women’s health. This approach is in contrast to Trump, who cut funding for such programs in his first term.

Watch the full interview here:

She emphasised her commitment to the community, addressing leaders present at the event, while also urging attendees to get out and vote.

Meanwhile, Trump is making headlines for his increasingly aggressive rhetoric. During a campaign stop in Pennsylvania, he suggested he wouldn’t mind if journalists were shot, referencing a near-assassination attempt he experienced.

"We've had a bitter experience with American policy since time immemorial ... we don't have any hope that American policy will change anything in the Middle East," Mohammed Abu Hattab told AFP on the eve of the 2024 US election.

Polls indicate that the race is historically tight, with many key states effectively tied. Over 77.6 million early votes have been cast, about half of the total ballots from 2020.

Let’s take a closer look at their positions on this critical issue.

Kamala Harris - U.S Vice President and Democratic candidate

Harris has expressed her commitment to ending the violence, acknowledging the challenges this year has brought.

She has reiterated her support for Israel and the importance of securing the release of hostages, while also endorsing the U.S. stance that a two-state solution would provide Palestinians with security and sovereignty, according to the New York Times.

She initially advocated for a cease-fire in early March and has been more outspoken than President Biden regarding the humanitarian crisis resulting from Israel's bombardment and invasion of Gaza.

At a raucous rally at Michigan State University just 36 hours before the elections, she emphasised the need to address the concerns of the Arab-American community, which has voiced anger over the U.S. handling of the Israel-Hamas conflict.

"I want to say, this year has been difficult, given the scale of death and destruction in Gaza and given the civilian casualties and displacement in Lebanon. It is devastating and as president, I will do everything in my power to end the war in Gaza," the AFP quoted Harris.

"To bring home the hostages, end the suffering in Gaza, ensure Israel is secure, and ensure the Palestinian people can realize their right to dignity, freedom, security, and self-determination," she added. 

Donald Trump - Former U.S. president and Republican candidate

Trump has reiterated his backing for Israel's invasion and bombardment of Gaza. He has urged Israel to “finish up” suggesting it is losing public support.

Trump has also generally called for an end to the war in Gaza but has not specified a clear plan for how to achieve that goal.

“I don’t think the cease-fire [in Gaza] is his priority” adding that Trump is likely to “not constrain Israel in any way in how it responds or threatens to respond” to Iran, Hezbollah or Hamas, James Carafano, a fellow at the right-wing think tank Heritage Foundation and a member of the first Trump administration’s transition team said .

Donald Trump sees himself as a protector of Israel. "You have a big protector in me. You don't have a protector on the other side," Trump said at the Israeli-American Council summit in October 2024. 

Harris is focusing on boosting support among Black voters while highlighting the significant turnout among women, who are concerned about abortion rights.

Trump remains confident, predicting a "landslide" victory, even as he indicates he may not accept a defeat.

With the election approaching, both candidates are making their final appeals in what is shaping up to be a historically close contest.

Americans aged 18 and above are eligible to vote, and many have already done so. By October 30, over 52 million voters had cast ballots through early or mail-in voting. This trend aligns with 2020, when only 27% of voters went to the polls on Election Day, while the majority voted early or by mail. Additionally, U.S. citizens living abroad can participate by absentee ballot.

Nominees

The presidential race is led by two major party nominees. The Democratic candidate, 60-year-old Vice President Kamala Harris would make history as the first woman, the first Black woman, and the first Asian woman to serve as president. On the Republican side, 78-year-old former President Donald Trump is making another bid for office, aiming to be the oldest person to assume the presidency.

Independent Candidates

In many states, voters also have the option to support third-party or independent candidates, including Jill Stein (Green Party), Chase Oliver (Libertarian Party), Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (Independent), and Cornel West (Independent).

Congressional and Gubernatorial Election

Besides the presidential race, all 435 House of Representatives seats and 34 Senate seats are on the ballot. Eleven states will elect new governors, while thousands of other local, state, and federal positions are being contested.

Voter Registration

With more than 186 million Americans registered to vote as of September 2024, nearly 80% of eligible Americans are set to participate in this election cycle.

The Electoral College

The U.S. presidential election relies on the Electoral College system, where 538 electors—allocated by state based on population—ultimately select the president. A candidate needs 270 electoral votes to win. If no candidate reaches this threshold, the House of Representatives will decide the outcome.

Key Swing States

States with close partisan divides, often referred to as battlegrounds or swing states, include Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. These states will be crucial in determining the final outcome.

Election Night Calls

In the U.S., news outlets project winners rather than a government agency. The Associated Press and major television networks consider vote tallies, exit polls, and historical data to “call” the race for a candidate.

Vote Counting

Vote counting may take several days or weeks. States are expected to certify results by December 11, and the 538 electors will convene on December 17 to cast their official votes. Certification in Congress is set for January 6, 2025.

Challenges and Disputes

Candidates have a limited window post-election to challenge results if needed, with dispute resolution possible at the local, state, or federal level, including the U.S. Supreme Court.

With just a day left until Election Day, all eyes are on the candidates and swing states as Americans decide their next president.

However, Harris's entry into the race changed her mind. "I wasn't going to vote this year," Cardi B confessed, "but Kamala Harris joining the race, she changed my mind completely"

Throughout her address, Cardi B highlighted Harris's policies and the need to keep her in power for a long time.

"Are we ready to change these four years? No, are we ready to change the next eight years because we are going to make sure we have Kamala Harris in office for eight years," Cardi told a cheering crowd.

Adding that Kamala needed to be voted for because the latter "recognises that this country is at risk, that the economy needs to get stronger, that the cost of food and the cost of living is too high."

Kamala Harris who is going toe-to-toe with Donald Trump in the November 5 elections has received a lot of endorsements from several celebrities including Beyoncé .

At a campaign rally in Houston on Friday, October 25, Beyoncé voiced her strong support for Vice President Kamala Harris's abortion rights policy.

"I'm not here as a celebrity. I'm not here as a politician. I'm here as a mother. A mother who cares deeply about the world my children and all of our children live in. A world where we have the freedom to control our bodies," she said.

In a speech delivered at the Ellipse in Washington, D.C., Harris emphasised her preparedness to lead the nation and drew sharp contrasts between her vision and that of her opponent, former President Donald Trump.

"If he is elected, on day one, Donald Trump will walk into that office with an enemies list. When I am elected, I will walk in with a to-do list," she added.

The choice of the Ellipse as the venue for her speech was symbolic. It was from this location that Trump addressed his supporters before the January 6 Capitol attack.

Harris used this backdrop to remind voters of the stakes in this election: "We know we have an opportunity in this election to turn the page on a decade of Donald Trump, who has been trying to keep us divided and afraid of each other. We know that is who he is, but North Carolina that is not who we are."

The 2024 U.S. presidential election, set for November 5, is shaping up to be a pivotal moment in American politics.

After President Joe Biden withdrew from the race in July 2024 due to concerns about his age and health, Vice President Kamala Harris became the Democratic nominee. She selected Minnesota Governor Tim Walz as her running mate.

The former president, Donald Trump on the other hand, is running for a second, non-consecutive term as the Republican nominee, with Ohio Senator J.D. Vance as his running mate.

"It's time for America to sing a new song," Beyoncé was quoted by AFP.

"I'm not here as a celebrity. I'm not here as a politician. I'm here as a mother. A mother who cares deeply about the world my children and all of our children live in. A world where we have the freedom to control our bodies," she added.

While the rally primarily focused on the implications of abortion restrictions in Republican-led states, it sought to elevate the issue ahead of the election.

Harris, addressing the audience, highlighted the stakes involved in the upcoming vote, stating, "We are 11 days out from an election that will decide the future of America, including the freedom of every woman to make decisions about her own body."

In a contrasting event, Trump was in Austin, recording a lengthy interview for "The Joe Rogan Experience." Although the discussion covered various topics, including UFOs and JFK's assassination, it largely steered clear of policy issues and completely bypassed the subject of abortion.

Trump's follow-up rally in Michigan was delayed due to the podcast taping, leading to some attendees leaving before he arrived.

The political rivalry intensified as Harris and Trump exchanged sharp accusations earlier that day, with Harris labelling Trump a "fascist," a characterization that sparked backlash from Republican leaders. They condemned her comments, alleging that she was inciting further threats against Trump, who survived an assassination attempt earlier this year.

Meanwhile, Trump referred to the U.S. as a "garbage can for the world" during his remarks in Austin, continuing his provocative rhetoric.

Both candidates are adapting their strategies to connect with younger, undecided voters by prioritizing platforms like podcasts and YouTube over traditional media outlets.

During the rally, Trump addressed a crowd of supporters, focusing much of his speech on criticising Harris. He described her as "slow" and "lazy," and questioned her intelligence.

"She’s not a smart person, she’s a low IQ person. Millions of Americans are suffering because of inflation, they're losing their jobs, they can’t afford housing, groceries or a car and yet Kamala is importing millions of illegals across our borders and giving them taxpayer benefits at your expense," Trump said.

Kamala on the other hand has described Trump as a fascist , consenting to the same comment from the latter's long-serving White House chief of staff, John F. Kelly who posits Trump is going to return as a dictator if given a second chance.

Additionally, Harris told an enthusiastic audience during a CNN-hosted town hall meeting on Wednesday, October 23 that Trump's political ambition is to create a comeback for the 'enemies within'.

“He's going to sit there, unstable, unhinged, plotting his revenge, plotting his retribution, creating an enemies list,” Harris told an audience outside Philadelphia.

"I am firsthand witness that every day our President Joe Biden fights for the American people," she said from the South Lawn of the White House during an event honouring National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championship teams from the 2023-2024 season.

On Monday, July 22, Harris' presidential campaign announced that it had raised $81 million in the first 24 hours since Harris announced she would seek the Democratic nominee.

While the presidential election is scheduled on November 5, the question remains: Will the Democrats proceed with Harris as the party candidate or choose another nominee?

Kamala Harris' ancestral village in Tamil Nadu, a South Indian state, is excited and planning celebrations as she gets closer to potentially becoming the US President. The village has been celebrating her political ascent and hopes for a larger celebration if she wins. Some villagers had hoped for a mention from Harris, but understand that she may not be aware of their excitement as an American, the Hindustan Times reports.

Nipah virus kills 14-year-old

A 14-year-old boy in Kerala, India, who tested positive for the Nipah virus has passed away. The virus is known to be deadly and there is concern about its spread. According to the Times of India , this is the fifth Nipah infection reported in Kerala since 2018. Health minister Veena George said 330 contacts of the boy had been identified so far, with 68 of them being health workers. As many as 101 of his contacts have been classified as high-risk, and seven are under observation at government health facilities. Nipah is a "zoonotic illness" transmitted from animals like pigs and fruit bats to humans, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) . It can also be transmitted through contaminated food and contact with an infected person.

Thwarted terrorist attack

A fresh terrorist attack was thwarted in Jammu's Rajouri district in the disputed Kashmir region, with one soldier injured. The attack occurred after Indian Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi's visit to discuss the rise in terrorist attacks in the region, according to NDTV . The army has deployed additional troops to combat the increasing threat of terrorism in Jammu. Despite extensive search operations, the attacks continue to occur, resulting in the death of 48 soldiers in the last 32 months.

Anti-TB drug for kids

India has rejected Johnson & Johnson’s patent for a children's version of its anti-TB drug, bedaquiline, paving the way for a cheaper generic version to enter the market. This is expected to make TB treatment more affordable and accessible. According to the Hindustan Times , concerns over the evergreening of patents have led to several such rejections, ensuring the availability of affordable generic medicines. India notified nearly 2.55 million cases of TB last year, with a 64% improvement in the overall notification of TB cases over the last 9 years.

Indian students return from violent-hit Bangladesh

Over 4,500 Indian students have returned home from Bangladesh due to violent clashes that have killed over 100 people. The Indian High Commission in Dhaka and other missions are coordinating the return of Indian nationals and ensuring their safety and security. The total number of Indian nationals in Bangladesh is estimated to be around 15,000, including 8,500 students, the Hindu reports. Law enforcement authorities in Bangladesh have imposed a nationwide curfew as clashes between protesters and police continue.