Her election is being seen as a major step forward for LGBTQ+ representation in Nepal, a country that has made notable legal strides in recognising gender diversity but has had limited representation of transgender individuals in high-level political offices.

According to the New York Post, sources familiar with the briefing said the president laughed aloud when hearing the claim, while others in the room reportedly reacted with amusement as well.

Three sources cited by the newspaper said the allegation is viewed within parts of the U.S. intelligence community as credible rather than a disinformation attempt aimed at undermining the Iranian leader. 

Khamenei became Iran’s Supreme Leader on 8 March after the death of his father, who had ruled the country since 1989. Prior to assuming the role, Mojtaba Khamenei was widely described by analysts as a powerful behind-the-scenes figure within Iran’s political establishment.

Is homosexuality allowed in Iran?

Any discussion of sexual orientation carries particular sensitivity in Iran, where same-sex relations are illegal. Under Iran’s penal code, based largely on Islamic law, same-sex sexual activity between men or women can carry severe penalties, including the death sentence.

Human rights organisations say these laws continue to be enforced. According to the Human Dignity Trust , LGBT people in Iran face arrest, discrimination and violence, with cases of executions for same-sex relations reported in recent years.

Former Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad famously claimed in 2007 that the country did not have homosexuals, a statement widely criticised internationally.

Where does Trump stand on homosexuality?

Trump’s reaction to the intelligence briefing also comes against the backdrop of his record on LGBT policy in the United States.

During his presidency and political campaigns, Trump has supported measures restricting gender-affirming care for minors and has proposed defining gender in federal law strictly as male or female.

His administration also introduced policies that rolled back several Obama-era protections for LGBT people. In 2017, the administration announced a ban on transgender individuals serving openly in the U.S. military, a policy later implemented by the Department of Defence.

Advocacy groups also criticised the administration for removing references to LGBT rights and information from several federal government websites shortly after Trump took office in 2017.

Trump has also opposed the Equality Act, legislation designed to expand federal civil rights protections to explicitly include sexual orientation and gender identity.

Still, further action is under active review, signalling that the crackdown may not stop at web access alone.

What happened: 

What officials say:

Communications Ministe r Fahmi Fadzil said MCMC will act against content or app functions that violate local laws, including material deemed lewd or immoral, exploitative, abusive, fraudulent or threatening to public safety.

Why ban them now?

MCMC was merely responding to a parliamentary question from Nurul Amin Hamid on whether the government would work with app store providers to block downloads of LGBTQ+ dating apps, including Grindr, Blued and Growlr.

Strict LGBT laws in Malaysia

Malaysia has not cited a single, specific statute naming the apps themselves. But the Muslim-majority country has been implementing sharia law and content regulations that prohibit the promotion of LGBTQ+ identities to Muslims.

Under sharia law — which applies to Muslims in Malaysia — same-sex acts and sodomy are criminalised, though prosecutions are rare. 

A government task force has proposed amendments that would explicitly allow enforcement action against online content seen as “promoting the LGBT lifestyle” or insulting Islam, including material shared via apps and social media platforms.

Bigger picture:

Why it matters:

Website blocks are relatively easy to implement, but app store restrictions require cooperation from global tech firms. How Malaysia navigates that gap will shape the reach — and limits — of its online content enforcement going forward.

Prime Minister Ousmane Sonko announced on Tuesday, February 24, in the National Assembly, the tabling of a bill aimed at increasing penalties for homosexual relations in Senegal. The proposed legislation would raise prison sentences from the current one to five years to a range of five to ten years. The announcement comes amid renewed arrests linked to “unnatural acts” and intentional transmission of HIV, reigniting debate over the country’s legal framework. The government’s approach has generated mixed reactions. Alioune Badara Coulibaly, spokesperson for the APR, criticised the move, arguing that it falls short of earlier commitments to criminalise homosexuality. He stated that the proposal appears to focus on strengthening existing penalties rather than undertaking a broader legal overhaul aligned with prior electoral promises.

Sonko condemns Morocco’s jailing of 18 Senegalese AFCON fans

Prime Minister Sonko has denounced Morocco’s sentencing of 18 Senegalese football supporters following incidents during the Africa Cup of Nations final in Rabat on January 19. The match was briefly suspended after Senegal players protested a late penalty decision in favour of Morocco, prompting some supporters to attempt to enter the pitch. The 18 fans were arrested and later sentenced to prison terms ranging from three months to one year, alongside fines of up to 5,000 dirhams ($545). Addressing parliament on February 24, Sonko said the matter appeared to go beyond sport and described the situation as regrettable between two friendly nations. He indicated that Senegal would seek a royal pardon from King Mohammed VI or request that the supporters serve their sentences in Senegal under existing bilateral agreements. The Senegal Football Association described the penalties as “incomprehensibly harsh", while defence lawyer Patrick Kabou said his clients denied wrongdoing and had initially awaited clarification of the charges. Some detainees reportedly went on a hunger strike. Senegal went on to win the final 1–0 after extra time when the match resumed.

Arrests reported in alleged homosexual networks 

Senegalese authorities have dismantled what has been described as a suspected homosexual network in Saint-Louis. According to local reports , three men aged between 43 and 52 are under investigation by the Research Section, with efforts ongoing to identify additional suspects. In Dakar, the first chamber of the Pikine-Guédiawaye court ordered the detention of four individuals identified as Abdourahmane Cissé, Abdoul Diop, known as “Dabakh”, Saliou Mbaye, known as “Zale”, and Mansour Baldé, known as “Zo Baldé”. The arrests come amid the National Assembly's tabling of a bill aimed at increasing penalties for homosexual relations.

Civil society seeks royal pardon for fans detained in Morocco

Justice Without Borders (JSF) on February 24 formally appealed to King Mohammed VI of Morocco to grant a royal pardon to 18 Senegalese football fans convicted following incidents at Prince Moulay Abdellah Stadium in Rabat. The organisation cited Article 58 of Morocco’s Constitution, which grants the sovereign the power of pardon, noting that the supporters’ convictions are final after they waived their right to appeal. JSF President El Amath Thiam framed the request within the context of longstanding diplomatic and historical ties between Senegal and Morocco. While affirming respect for Moroccan judicial sovereignty, the organisation expressed hope that clemency would offer a second chance to the supporters convicted under laws criminalising violence at sporting events.

Business leaders push for stronger public-private partnership at agricultural show

Senegalese business and institutional leaders are advocating a performance-driven model of participation at the International Agricultural Show (SIA). During working sessions at the Exhibition Park, stakeholders emphasised the need to translate exhibition presence into concrete investments and export contracts. Representatives from major institutions, including SAED, the Autonomous Port of Dakar, CNAAS, LBA, ITA, and FONGIP, took part in discussions alongside interprofessional organisations representing maize, cassava, rice, tomato, onion, and cowpea sectors. The delegation also visited Côte d’Ivoire’s pavilion, with Mboup highlighting the importance of synergy between government institutions and the private sector as a model for strengthening Senegal’s agricultural development.

The bill still requires a vote in the National Assembly, but Sonko’s party controls parliament.

Sonko said the government could toughen penalties without reclassifying the offence as a more serious crime. “We can achieve the intended objectives without going so far as to elevate the acts,” he said.

The proposed amendments also relate to child sexual abuse, an issue that campaigners say is often conflated with same-sex relations in public debate. Sonko told lawmakers, “If the act is committed with a minor, the maximum sentence will be imposed.”

Rights groups have warned that conditions for LGBTQ+ people have worsened in recent years. Human Rights Watch said the detention of 12 men in Dakar in February on charges including “acts against nature” has heightened fears and stigma, particularly amid sensational media coverage.

The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) has praised Ghana for its strong commitment to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, highlighting the country’s Budget execution and tracking system as a global model for transparency. Speaking at the launch of Ghana’s 2023 SDG Budget and Expenditure Report, UNICEF noted that Ghana is among a few countries implementing such an advanced accountability mechanism. The latest report shows SDG-related spending increased from GH₵83 billion in 2022 to GH₵180 billion in 2023, reflecting major investments in health, education, social protection, and human capital. Despite Ghana’s ranking of 120th globally on SDG attainment, UNICEF’s Chief of Social Policy and Inclusion, Paulina Sarvilahti, expressed optimism, saying Ghana’s data-driven approach provides a solid foundation for accelerated progress.

Opposition MPs decry delay in reintroducing anti-LGBTQ bill

Ghana’s main opposition, the New Patriotic Party (NPP), has criticised what it calls an unnecessary delay in the reintroduction of the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill. Lead sponsor and NPP MP John Ntim Fordjour told Parliament on November 21 that it had been five weeks since the Speaker indicated the bill was undergoing final fine-tuning, yet it had not appeared on the order paper. He urged that any oversight be corrected immediately. Responding, Yusif Sulemana, an MP of the ruling National Democratic Congress (NDC) cautioned against politicising the matter, noting former President Akufo-Addo did not sign the bill when it was first passed. Majority Leader Mahama Ayariga rejected claims of obstruction and assured the House that the government remained committed to its passage. The bill, which seeks to criminalise same-sex relationships and restrict LGBTQ activities, continues to draw significant criticism from rights groups.

Ghana to host its first-ever Entertainment Week in December

Ghana will host its maiden Entertainment Week this December, an initiative aimed at celebrating the country’s fast-growing creative economy beyond the regular festive-season parties. The event will bring together creatives, investors, fans, and industry stakeholders for a week-long showcase covering music, film, fashion, digital arts, and live experiences. In a televised show on November 22, Entertainment Week Ghana partner Joseph Adjei said years of tracking Ghana’s vibrant December events inspired the idea. He revealed that December activities often exceed 250 events, driven by a tourism boom that sees nearly 3 million visitors—many from the diaspora—arriving to invest, collaborate, or relocate based on their cultural and entertainment experiences.

World Bank applauds progress under Ghana Digital Acceleration Project

A World Bank delegation has commended Ghana’s progress under the Ghana Digital Acceleration Project (GDAP) during a technical visit focused on strengthening digital development and cybersecurity. Led by Regional Practice Director Michel Rogy, the team visited the Cyber Security Authority’s National CERT facility and held discussions on enhancing Ghana’s competitiveness in artificial intelligence, digital job creation, public-sector digitalisation, and cybersecurity resilience. 

UNICEF partners with Afrobeat artist Kuami Eugene to launch child-rights anthem

Award-winning Afrobeat artist Kuami Eugene has partnered with UNICEF Ghana to release a new child-rights anthem titled “Let Them Shine” in celebration of World Children’s Day. The song highlights every child’s right to education, healthcare, nutrition, safety, and protection from abuse, according to UNICEF . Its release coincides with the 36th anniversary of Ghana’s ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, reaffirming the country’s long-standing commitment to safeguarding children. UNICEF Representative Osama Makawi said the collaboration goes beyond music, serving as a strategic tool to elevate child-rights advocacy nationwide. Kuami Eugene expressed pride in using his platform to empower young people, noting that every child in Ghana deserves to be heard, valued, and protected. 

The imposition of these laws was not merely legal but also ideological; colonial authorities sought to justify their dominance by portraying African cultures as "primitive" and in need of "civilisation." By criminalising same-sex relations, colonisers framed themselves as moral guardians, erasing indigenous practices and stigmatising LGBTQ+ identities. For instance, in pre-colonial Buganda (present-day Uganda), same-sex relationships among men were recognised. British colonial administrators labelled these practices as "deviant,” punishable by law. This pattern repeated across the continent, where colonial laws were used to enforce a heteronormative agenda that aligned with European Christian values.

French and Portuguese colonies also experienced the imposition of similar laws, though often under different legal terminologies. In French-speaking Africa , the Napoleonic Code criminalised "indecent acts" or "acts against nature," which were broadly interpreted to include same-sex relations. In Portuguese colonies , such as Mozambique and Angola, laws inherited from the Portuguese penal code similarly targeted LGBTQ+ individuals. These laws were not only punitive but also served to reinforce colonial control by disrupting local social structures and imposing foreign moral standards.

Today, 31 of Africa’s 54 countries criminalise same-sex relations, a figure reinforced by Burkina Faso’s new law enacted last month. Public opinion surveys underscore the social context for these laws: across 39 African countries surveyed by  Afrobarometer , only 24% of respondents expressed comfort living next door to someone in a same-sex relationship. In nations such as Uganda and Ghana, the figures are far lower, with 94% and 89% respectively, reporting discomfort or disapproval.

Political leaders find it difficult to ignore such statistics when drafting policies on the issue. Such measures reflect deeply held domestic values rather than mere state coercion, making LGBTQ rights a flashpoint where law, culture, and politics intersect.

Given the widespread social rejection of homosexuality across much of the continent, other nations may follow suit.

Law, culture, and politics intersect 

In 2015, then Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe strongly criticised the  “politicisation of this important issue”  and  declared :  “We equally reject attempts to prescribe ‘new rights’ that are contrary to our values, norms, traditions, and beliefs. We are not gays! Cooperation and respect for each other will advance the cause of human rights worldwide. Confrontation, vilification, and double-standards will not.”

His words reflect attitudes that have long persisted across the continent, translating into restrictive laws. These laws often reflect not only expressions of sovereignty and moral authenticity; they mirror colonial-era penal codes once imposed by European colonial powers.

From a religious perspective, opposition to homosexuality among faith leaders -- Christian and Muslim -- is not merely political posturing; rather, it reflects deeply held theological convictions. Reverend Enoch Adeboye of Nigeria’s Redeemed Christian Church of God has  stated ,  “Same-sex marriage cannot be allowed on moral and religious grounds. The Muslim religion forbids it. Christianity forbids it, and the African traditional religion forbids it.”

Similarly, Sheikh Ahmed El-Tayeb, the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar, has  condemned  calls to legalise homosexuality, describing them as a  “dangerous”  trend that contradicts Islamic teachings. While some politicians draw on this moral authority to advance their own agendas, this should not always be seen as cynical exploitation; many genuinely share the religious and cultural worldview of their societies. Ultimately, Africa’s stance on LGBTQ rights is shaped by a complex interplay of legal, moral, religious, and cultural factors.

External influence

Western governments and international organisations increasingly tie economic assistance, trade, and political engagement to recognising LGBTQ rights, framing them as universal human rights. Yet, such pressure has often produced the opposite effect in Africa. Leaders view these demands as neo-colonial interference, reinforcing the idea that the West still seeks to impose its own social values.

In Malawi, aid from some Western partners has already been reduced due to anti-LGBT legislation, illustrating the tangible stakes of such conditionality. And in 2023, Kenya’s president  criticised  a court ruling that LGBTQ can be registered as a civil organisation. He asserted,  “our culture and religion do not allow same-sex marriages”; The Kenyan penal code criminalises same-sex relationships.

Western actors view “conditionality” as a moral responsibility; African leaders see it as an imposition of foreign values – a contradistinction that deepens resistance rather than fostering dialogue. Promoting homosexual rights in Africa is not only a legal or political challenge – it is also a question of reconciling competing cultural, historical, and moral frameworks.

The legacy of colonial laws

History is often filled with irony. The British Empire that once exported anti-sodomy laws to its colonies now attempts to coerce their repeal. Former British Prime Minister David Cameron had linked UK aid to human-rights reforms , warning that countries criminalising homosexuality could face  cuts  in British assistance.

The very laws denounced were born of British imperial rule and moral codes; yet, no British leader has issued an outright apology for colonialism’s deep cultural harm inflicted by its moral policing. This selective morality continues to fuel resentment across Africa.

Throughout Africa, Western efforts to have rescinded the laws (and orientation) they first imposed upon the African populace yield — at best -- inconsistent and often unintended results. There is resistance from some states, adaptation in others, and scepticism (often tinged with contempt) everywhere towards external, foreign intervention. The intersection of historical, cultural, religious, and certainly geopolitical factors places African policymakers in the position of negotiating a complex landscape. External admonitions -- cloaked as “incentives” – confront deeply ingrained domestic views and cultural traditions, affording Western powers only limited leverage and unforeseen consequences in their efforts to promote LGBTQ rights.

The opinions and thoughts expressed in this article reflect only the author's views.

Dr. Wolf is director of The Fulcrum Institute, a new organisation of current and former scholars, which engages in research and commentary, focusing on political and cultural issues on both sides of the Atlantic. Our interest is in American foreign policy as it relates to the economic and foreign policies of the NATO countries, the SCO, the BRICS+ nation-states and the Middle East.

After service in the USAF (Lt.Col.-Intel) Dr. Wolf obtained a PhD-philosophy (University of Wales), MA-philosophy (University of S. Africa), MTh-philosophical theology (Texas Christian University-Brite Div.). He taught philosophy, humanities and theology in the US and S. Africa before retiring from university.

One such couple is Hitomi Inoue, a 46-year-old veterinarian, and Junko Urimoto, a 45-year-old veterinary nurse, who live together in Osaka. Though they held a wedding ceremony and pledged to spend their lives as partners, the census refuses to recognise their relationship.

In past surveys, Inoue listed herself as “head of household,” while Urimoto tried to register as “spouse.” Instead, census officials changed her status to “other relative.” “We are not just cohabiting,” Inoue said. “We are life partners. But the census makes us disappear,” she told The Asahi Shimbun.

A ministry official said the policy exists because same-sex marriage is not legally recognised in Japan, and to prevent people from incorrectly registering friends or roommates as spouses. As a result, the census form still enforces a definition of “family” rooted in heterosexual marriage.

Professor Saori Kamano of Waseda University warned that removing LGBT households from official data has real consequences. “The census covers everyone, it guides national policy. If LGBT families are not counted, their needs will never be reflected in laws or services,” Kamano said.

Although over 530 municipalities across Japan now issue partnership certificates to same-sex couples, covering 92.7% of the population, the national government still does not recognise these unions.

At 92, Cameroon’s President Paul Biya has announced his bid for an eighth term in the October 12 election, aiming to extend his 43-year rule. In a post on X, Biya cited “insistent calls” from citizens to run again. In power since 1982, he scrapped term limits in 2008 and has never lost an election. His bid comes amid growing criticism over alleged corruption, embezzlement, and poor governance. If re-elected, Biya would remain in office until nearly 100.

Cameroon’s economic update: Harnessing forests and natural wealth for sustainable growth

The World Bank has released its 2025 Cameroon Economic Update, titled “Cameroon’s Green Gold: Unlocking the Value of Forests and Natural Capital.” The report emphasises sustainable forest and resource management as drivers of inclusive, resilient growth, while offering a detailed analysis of recent economic trends and outlook. In 2024, Cameroon’s GDP grew by 3.5% (up from 3.2% in 2023), boosted by cocoa prices, cotton yields, and power supply improvements. Inflation dropped sharply from 7.4% to 4.5%, aided by tighter monetary policy and price controls. The current account deficit narrowed to 3.4% of GDP, though the fiscal deficit widened to 1.5% due to rising expenditures and weaker revenues. Public debt inched up to 46.8%, mainly from external borrowing.

Société Générale signs agreement with Cameroon to sell Société Générale Cameroun

Société Générale has agreed to sell its 58.08% stake in Société Générale Cameroun to the State of Cameroon, which would raise its ownership to 83.68%. The state will assume all operations, clients, and employees of the subsidiary. The deal, pending regulatory approval, is expected to close by end-2025 and boost Societe Generale’s CET1 ratio by about 6 basis points.

Cameroon LGBTQI groups host "impactful" cultural event

On July 3, Yaoundé’s Kyriakides Park came alive with “Spectacle Culturel,” a vibrant event celebrating diversity in the arts under the theme “For an inclusive and non-discriminatory artistic environment.” Organised by the Unity platform, a coalition of 39 civil society groups, and coordinated by CAMFAIDS, the show featured theatre, music, slam, and dance to highlight LGBTQI rights and fight stigma in the cultural sector. Unity president Michel Engama stressed the event’s goal to amplify silenced voices, while CAMFAIDS' Ebenezer Munkam called it a vital step toward building a more inclusive and equitable artistic world in Cameroon.

Cameroon priest says synodality counters ‘nauseating’ politics

In sharp contrast to the “nauseating” and divisive nature of Cameroon’s electoral politics, Father Humphrey Tatah Mbuy is calling for a renewed focus on synodality, a path rooted in unity, listening, and inclusion, as the nation prepares for its 2025 elections and Jubilee Year of Hope. Mbuy described synodality as a “spiritual renewal” that prioritises truth, honesty, and fraternity, unlike election tactics marked by manipulation and exclusion. He noted the challenge facing Christian politicians caught between political strategy and the Church’s call for inclusive, Christ-centred leadership. As both politics and the Church demand action in 2025, Mbuy stressed that synodality offers a hopeful alternative where “no one is left behind” in building a unified people of God.

Cuban permanent representative Ernesto Soberon reaffirmed Cuba's dedication to the UN Charter, condemning Israeli aggression towards Palestinians and US actions against Iran during an 80th-anniversary session for the Charter, as reported by ACN . He emphasised the need for an end to unilateral measures affecting nations and called for developed countries to honour their commitments to development and climate change.

Humanitarian aid from Panama arrives in Cuba

The arrival of medical supplies from Panama to Cuba, coordinated by Humberto Pérez and supported by numerous solidarity groups, has been seen as vital for alleviating shortages due to the US blockade, as stated by Dr Aldo Grandal of Cuba's Health Ministry. Hospital representatives highlighted the contributions these supplies will make to patient care, with efforts ongoing to continue similar humanitarian aid.

Cuban national sentenced for illegal entry into the US

Narali Arevalo-Casay, a 23-year-old Cuban national, was found guilty of illegally entering the US and was sentenced to time-served in a case part of 'Operation Take Back America', as reported by KVIA . This initiative by the Department of Justice aims to combat illegal immigration and related criminal activities.

Trans rights legislation marks progress in Cuba

Cuban lawmakers are poised to pass legislation that will simplify the process for transgender individuals to change their legal names, a move praised by trans community members and legal advisors alike. This reform is expected to diminish bureaucratic barriers that have hindered gender identity recognition in Cuba, as highlighted by Reuters .

Strengthening Ties: Cuba and Belarus diplomatic relations flourish

Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla met with Belarusian counterpart Maxim Ryzhenkov to affirm the robust political and diplomatic relations between their nations amid a visit by President Miguel Díaz-Canel to Belarus. Deputy Director General Alejandro Simancas noted that ongoing dialogues stem from longstanding friendly relations and shared international views.

Currently being finalised before parliament, the Criminal Justice (Miscellaneous Amendments) Bill includes revisions to the country’s Penal Code (Section 176) and will reinforce Tanzania’s existing position on marriage and public morality.

According to Deputy Minister for Constitution and Legal Affairs, Jumanne Sagini, one of the proposed changes would affect Section 176 of the Penal Code, which is expected to include new language to clamp down on behaviour considered to violate public morals, including same-sex relationships.

Sagini made the statement on June 09 in parliament, in response to a question raised by Member of Parliament Noah Sautu, who asked when the government planned to amend the Marriage Act to explicitly ban same-sex unions.

In reply, the Deputy Minister said that the country’s law already defines marriage as a voluntary union between a man and a woman, adding that Tanzanian law recognises both monogamous and polygamous marriages but does not allow or acknowledge any other form of union.

He further stated that any marriage that falls outside this legal definition, including those between partners of the same sex, cannot be accepted under current Tanzanian law .

Sagini also noted that the new legal changes follow recommendations from the Criminal Justice Commission, which has called for updates to legislation that would address what the government refers to as immoral conduct.

Thailand launched its annual LGBTQ+ Pride Month celebrations on Sunday, June 1, with a Pride Parade in Bangkok, the first since the legalisation of same-sex marriage earlier this year. Participants marched with rainbow flags, joined by political figures including Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra. The recently enacted Marriage Equality Act makes Thailand the first Southeast Asian nation and the third in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage.

Opal Suchata Chuangsri becomes first Thai woman to win Miss World title

Opal Suchata Chuangsri, 22, became the first Thai woman to win the Miss World title on Saturday, May 31. She was crowned at the 72nd edition of the international pageant held in Hyderabad, India, after competing among 108 contestants worldwide. In her first official address, Chuangsri described the win as a shared dream for young women seeking visibility and change. She is a native of Phuket and is currently studying international relations at Thammasat University. She speaks Chinese, English, and Thai.

Thailand set to benefit from Pride Month boost in rainbow economy sectors

Thailand is among several countries expected to gain from increased economic activity linked to Pride Month in June, particularly in tourism, entertainment, and lifestyle sectors. The rainbow economy is expanding rapidly, driven by the global LGBTQIAN+ community, estimated at 400–800 million people, or 5–10% of the world’s population. According to Coherent Market Insights, the global LGBTQ+ travel market is projected to reach US$357 billion (11.71 trillion baht) by 2025, with potential growth to US$604.34 billion (19.34 trillion baht) by 2032. Marriage equality legislation is expected to boost both tourism and investment. The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) estimates that LGBTQIAN+ tourism alone could generate US$2 billion (65.59 billion baht) annually.

Thailand’s first-ever world No. 1 clinches badminton title

After becoming Thailand’s first-ever men’s singles badminton player to be ranked world No. 1, Kunlavut Vitidsarn won the men’s singles title at the Singapore Open 2025 on Sunday, defeating China’s Lu Guang Zu 2-0 in 37 minutes. This marks Vitidsarn’s fourth title of the year. Recently promoted to the unofficial world No. 1 ranking, Vitidsarn dominated the match, taking the first game 21-6. Despite Lu’s attempts to recover in the second game, unforced errors allowed Vitidsarn to maintain control and close out the match 21-10. The victory extends Vitidsarn’s head-to-head lead over Lu to 6–1.

Thailand to close border checkpoints with Cambodia following troop clash and boycott threats

Thailand will close six permanent and ten temporary border crossings with Cambodia, including the Preah Vihear and Ta Muen Thom tourist checkpoints, in response to rising tensions. A May 28 clash between Thai and Cambodian troops near Chong Bok in Ubon Ratchathani Province resulted in one Cambodian soldier killed and several injured. The incident triggered nationalist backlash in Cambodia, with social media users calling for a boycott of Thai products. Thai security agencies cited safety concerns for border communities and cross-border traders as the reason for the closures.

Senegal currently criminalises same-sex relations under laws that punish “acts against nature with an individual of the same sex” with up to five years in prison. However, protesters argue the law is too lenient and have backed an initiative to introduce tougher legislation, which is now under discussion in parliament.

“We came here to fight homosexuality, as we did last year with President Macky Sall,” said Gorgui Guèye, one of the demonstrators. “We fought so that homosexuality is not tolerated in this country,” he told the AFP.

Another protester, Oumar Bâ, criticised the current government for failing to act. “They promised to criminalize homosexuality once in power, but a year later, there’s still no response,” he said. “If you see all these people , it’s to say no to homosexuality.”

Aminata Diaw added, “They visited every religious home, promising to act. Now is not the time to shy away.”

According to the report, 41 LGBTQ+ individuals have been murdered so far in 2025, representing a 47% increase compared to the same period in 2024. The data reflects rising homicide rates but also points to an alarming consistency in the timeline: e very 48 hours, an LGBTQ+ person is killed in Colombia.

“The report presents heartbreaking figures that constitute an urgent call to eradicate the dynamics of prejudice in the country,” said Iris Marín Ortiz, Colombia’s Ombudswoman, at the report’s presentation in Bogotá.

"Every two days, according to this report, one person is murdered, an LGBTQ+ person, and every two days, one person from this population has been a victim of sexual violence. The report presents heartbreaking figures that constitute an urgent call to eradicate the dynamics of prejudice in the country," Iris added.

But homicides are only part of the picture. The NGO also recorded that, on average, an LGBTQ+ person is sexually assaulted every two days, painting a broader picture of entrenched violence, discrimination, and systemic neglect.

"It really does feel as though the state wants to kill us," said Helen Belcher, a prominent trans rights campaigner and chair of the advocacy group TransActual.

Speaking to the AFP following the court’s decision, Belcher said the ruling represents a fundamental denial of trans people's identities and lived realities.

Belcher, 61, who is also a Liberal Democrat politician, said the implications of the ruling are already being felt within the trans community.

"I fear for people's mental health. I fear for people's physical health. I fear for people's ability to earn money. They've issued a ruling that sex is biological, but they haven't defined what biological means,” said Belcher

Belcher warned and reasoned that the judgment leans on a rigid and outdated framework, dismissing scientific literature that recognises sex and gender as complex spectrums.

“They're relying very much on a Trumpian, evangelical Christian simplistic world model,” Belcher said, “ignoring all huge amounts of scientific literature, which says that sex is not binary, it's not simple, it's really complex. In their judgment, they have decided basically that intersex people and non-binary people don't exist. And it's awful."

Belcher, who transitioned more than 20 years ago, described the ruling as a deeply personal blow.

“To go through that process - sometimes painful process - of getting to understand myself, having invasive medical questioning, some painful surgeries, to then be told, ‘Yeah, but you're still a man,’ is deliberately and intentionally cruel.”

The ruling has brought back the already polarised national debate over trans rights. However, the Supreme Court justices emphasised that trans people remain protected under the Equality Act against discrimination and harassment.

She knew she was different "when I was six or seven... without being able to put a word on it. But if I had told my mother that I didn't feel right in my body, I would have got a good slap," she told AFP. Her family were afraid of "what people would say".

So, growing up, "I did what was expected of me," she said. She became a builder, married at 22 and had two children . As a man, she was "gruff, pretty macho -- the opposite of what I really was," Montchalin admitted. But she was "suffering" inside, the discomfort particularly acute in men's clothes shops or when she looked into a mirror at the barbers.

Finally, at age 48, she came out to her wife and children. Since then, Montchalin has moved to the nearest city, Saint-Etienne, where she is receiving hormone therapy. She has let her hair grow and regularly goes to the beautician.

In a 2025 Lenten Pastoral Message, CABICOL, led by Most Rev. Anthony Fallah Borwah, President of the conference, joined forces with the Liberia Council of Churches (LCC) and the National Muslim Council to call for the bill’s outright rejection.

“We emphatically reject this bill and its subsequent provisions, such as the legalization of same-sex marriage and euthanasia,” the bishops stated. “The Church’s perennial teaching, as inscribed in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, is that ‘human life must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of conception till its normal end.’ The commandment of God is clear: ‘Thou shall not kill’ (Exodus 20:13),” he is quoted by the Liberian Observer .

The religious leaders stressed that legalising abortion and euthanasia contradicts Liberia’s cultural and faith-based values, urging lawmakers to uphold the sanctity of life. They called on all religious and civic groups to oppose the legislation and advocate for policies that align with traditional family and moral principles.

"We fought for it for decades, and today is a remarkable day where love is love," said Sappanyoo "Arm" Panatkool, reflecting on the long journey towards equal marriage rights. His partner, Apiwat "Porsch" Apiwatsayree, added, "I think it takes time to make people accept differences. But at least, the law now supports us." Apiwat also encouraged others to take advantage of the new law, saying, "If you are ready [to get married] today, then do it today. If you are not ready, you have your whole life ahead of you as Thailand is now okay for your love."

The landmark legislation, passed in a historic parliamentary vote last June, positions Thailand as the third Asian country to legalize same-sex marriage, following Taiwan and the Philippines. The law officially took effect 120 days after it was ratified by King Maha Vajiralongkorn.

Teacher Chayapa Rattanakewil, 37, expressed her excitement about the new law , noting that civil servants can now extend benefits to their same-sex partners. "I think now is the moment [for same-sex marriage]. Because civil servants have some benefits, and we should have been allowed to use them for our partner. I want the best for my partner, so I'd like to share my benefits with her. It's the best kind of equality," she said.

For many activists in Thailand, this achievement represents the culmination of years of advocacy. Same-sex marriage rights had been a major topic of debate and pushback, particularly amid Thailand’s political instability with frequent coups and mass street protests.

The announcement received an immediate backlash among LGBTQ advocates. “I’m worried that this will give them permission to deny life-saving benefits and recognition of, you know, medical needs and marriages and identification cards,” an LGBTQ rights activist told AFP.

Another community member highlighted the far-reaching impact of the policies: “People died today, and we need to remember that because that is huge. These announcements and these policy changes really affect people on a deep level that I don’t think most, like cisgender people, understand.”

Trump’s executive orders rescinded 78 measures introduced under former President Joe Biden, many of which promoted diversity and equality in government, workplaces, healthcare, and LGBTQ rights. 

Among the repealed orders were initiatives supporting gender-affirming care and protections for transgender individuals in sports and other areas.

The move aligns with Trump’s broader criticism of what he calls “woke culture.” During his campaign, he repeatedly targeted gender diversity recognition and policies supporting transgender individuals, particularly transgender youth.

Simkovicova, a former TV anchor, has also faced criticism since taking office in October 2023. Protesters say she is trying to silence opposing voices and impose her nationalist views.

Her actions include firing directors of major cultural institutions and limiting funding for LGBT+ organisations.

The minister has pushed for stricter control over state media and made controversial statements, blaming "LGBT+ ideology" for societal issues.

Protests have grown in recent months, with tens of thousands demanding her resignation. Artists and cultural leaders say her policies harm Slovak culture and democracy. Despite public outcry and petitions, attempts to remove her in parliament have failed.

The changes have angered many, including former leaders of major cultural institutions.

Alexandra Kusa, who was removed as director of the Slovak National Gallery, criticised the government over what she says is the unfair use of power to bully professionals.

Critics say experts are being replaced with political loyalists.

Simkovicova, a former TV presenter linked to conspiracy theories, has also been accused of pushing through laws to have more control over public media .

Groups supporting LGBT+ rights say they are being targeted. Martin Macko, who leads a rights organisation, says government funding for their projects has completely stopped, and attacks on the LGBT+ community are increasing.

Agoda, a travel company based in Phuket, forecasts a $2 billion increase in tourism revenue over the next two years, along with an expected influx of four million new international visitors per year.

This surge is projected to generate around 152,000 additional full-time jobs and enhance Thailand's GDP by 0.3%.

The historical significance of this law cannot be understated, as it positions Thailand as a regional hub for LGBTQ+ couples from neighbouring nations seeking legal marriage.

With Bangkok hosting a substantial LGBTQ+ community, the marriage equality legislation is anticipated to solidify Thailand’s reputation as a welcoming and inclusive travel destination.

Industry experts highlight the crucial role of safety and acceptance in fostering international tourist visits, particularly from the LGBTQ+ community, often subject to discrimination while travelling.

In light of the new law, Thailand is poised to offer a secure and attractive option for destination weddings, appealing to couples from regions with less favourable marriage laws.

Following the passage of the law, travel agencies have reported increasing interest from couples seeking to plan same-sex weddings in culturally rich locales across Thailand.

The balance between traditional ceremonies and modern marriage recognitions may further enhance Thailand’s appeal to diverse travellers.

Uganda's foreign exchange reserves have experienced a notable decline of 4.3% over the past three months, concluding July with a total of $3.3 billion. This amount is sufficient to cover approximately three months of imports, a decrease from $3.5 billion recorded in April. The decrease has been attributed to several factors, including increased external debt payments, challenges in securing affordable external loans, and limited foreign exchange purchases. In response to these economic challenges, the Bank of Uganda is actively purchasing gold to diversify its reserves, Zawya reports.

Funding for hydropower plan

Uganda is taking proactive measures to address its rising energy demands by seeking funding for the construction of three new hydropower plants. These projects—comprising the 840 MW Ayago, 400 MW Kiba, and 392 MW Oriang—are anticipated to add over 1,600 MW of capacity, resulting in an 80% increase in the nation’s total power capacity, which will reach 3,678 MW. This initiative is underscored by an annual power demand growth rate of 10%, as reported by energy official Wamala Julius Namusanga. Currently, hydropower accounts for nearly 85% of Uganda's electricity supply, with the commissioning of its largest plant—a 600 MW facility funded by China, reports Zawya .

UBA Uganda rejects management crisis rumours

UBA Uganda has firmly denied accusations of a management crisis, affirming that Chioma A. Mang, the current Managing Director, is set to assume expanded responsibilities within the UBA Group effective from October 1, 2024. According to The Independent , plans to announce a new Managing Director are underway, with the bank underscoring a commitment to corporate governance and clarifying that the leadership transition is part of a strategic development plan rather than indicative of any issues within the work environment. Established in 2008, UBA Uganda has successfully expanded its operations nationally.

Fresh US sanctions

In a significant move, the U.S. has imposed sanctions on four Ugandan police officers—Bob Kagarura, Alex Mwine, Elly Womanya, and Hamdani Twesigye—prohibiting their travel to the U.S. This action is a direct response to their involvement in grave human rights violations, including acts of torture. The sanctions derive from credible civil court reports and data provided by human rights organisations, highlighting the U.S. commitment to upholding human rights standards in Uganda, adds the Monitor .

Calls to decriminalise homosexuality

The Uganda Human Rights Commission has made a compelling call for the decriminalisation of homosexuality, stressing the unjust punishments that arise from such criminalisation, particularly affecting vulnerable groups. This request follows the controversial enactment of the Anti-Homosexuality Act, which is currently under appeal and was signed into law by President Yoweri Museveni in May 2023. As reported by Watermark , commission chair Mariam Wangadya stressed the necessity for universal human rights protection in Uganda, free from discrimination. In a gathering with rights organisations, Wangadya acknowledged the critical issues confronting LGBTQ and intersex communities, highlighting the government's failure to recognise intersex individuals as a protected minority group.

This law allows for gender-neutral marriage terms and includes adoption and inheritance rights for same-sex couples.

The law which was opposed for years was reintroduced in November 2023 and passed by the House of Representatives and Senate in June 2024.

Former Minister Srettha Thavisin was a major advocate for the law, with the reason that it would strengthen family structures.

It has since been published in the Royale Gazette and will take effect after 120 days.

This makes Thailand the third Asian country to legalise same-sex marriage after Taiwan and Nepal. Taiwan first legalised same-sex unions in Asia in 2019 and was followed by Nepal which was the first in South Asia.

This means that a total of three countries in Asia have officially legalised same-sex marriage. In Europe, over 30 countries have legalised same-sex unions.

The proposal was submitted by a representative of the House and lawmaker, Johnson S.N. Williams of River Gee County District number 3.

According to him, the draft bill will fulfill Article 5 (b) of the 1986 Constitution which states that “the Republic shall preserve, protect and promote positive Liberian culture, ensuring that traditional values which are compatible with public and national progress are adopted and developed as an integral part of the growing needs of the Liberian society .’’

Johnson further seeks to push for an amendment of Chapter 14 to create a New Section 14.8 which will make homosexuality a criminal offence.

This he says will state clearly the country’s position on gay issues.

“This bill seeks to lay to rest and to recuse this country the same way we wage war on drugs. It’s the same way we need to do for homosexuality in our country. As we speak, young people are contaminated by this act, and it’s about time for it to come to an end,” he was quoted .

The lawmaker’s proposal was read on the floor of the House on July 18 and subsequently forwarded to a joint committee to report within two weeks after the House returns.

This comes in the face of massive discrimination facing persons belonging to the Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBTQ) community in the country.

In 2012, two anti-LGBT bills were introduced in the Legislature, sparking controversy. One bill, proposed by Representative Clarence Massaquoi, aimed to increase the penalty for same-sex sexual activity. He wanted to change it from a first-degree misdemeanor, with a maximum one-year prison sentence, to a second-degree felony, carrying up to five years in prison.

Another bill was introduced by then-Senator Jewel Howard Taylor. This bill sought to make same-sex marriage a first-degree felony, with a maximum prison sentence of ten years.

Former President Ellen Johns-Sirleaf opposed both bills. She threatened to veto them but also defended the existing laws, which criminalised same-sex sexual activity as a misdemeanor. She said these laws reflected "traditional values in our society that we’d like to preserve."

The ruling is the culmination of a legal battle between a gay couple, So Seong-wook and Kim Yong Min, and the National Health Insurance Service. The conflict began when the insurance agency revoked So's registration as a dependent of Kim, which led So to file an administrative suit.

The country's highest court declared that the state health insurance agency's refusal to provide spousal insurance coverage for gay couples was discriminatory. This act of discrimination, the court ruled, violates the constitutional principle of equality.

The decision, which is final and cannot be appealed has been celebrated by human rights groups fighting for equal rights for same-sex couples in South Korea.

Following the Supreme Court's ruling So expressed his hope for the future. "I hope that this verdict will become a stepping stone to achieving marriage equality so that people can use the marriage system equally," he said.

The Uganda Police has called off the much-anticipated "Stop Corruption March to Parliament" scheduled for July 23, 2024. This announcement was made earlier today by the Uganda Police Spokesman, Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) Kituuma Rosoke. The cancellation follows rising tensions and significant mobilisation efforts on social media to encourage public participation in the event, Pulse Uganda reports. "Uganda Police is reliably informed of ongoing mobilization efforts on social media calling for people to march to parliament. Unidentified organizers have circulated placards urging people to gather on all Kampala streets on Tuesday, July 23, 2024, but the time of commencement and organizational details are unclear. Given the lack of transparency and the potential for disorder, the police strongly warn against proceeding with this march. Uganda Police Force is issuing a clear warning against attempts to incite violence or breach public order through uncontrolled demonstrations," ACP Kituuma Rosokestated.

New court bid to overturn draconian anti-homosexuality act

Ugandan activists have officially appealed the Constitutional Court's April decision, which upheld the constitutionality of the country's Anti-Homosexuality Act. “Today, we have filed an appeal in the Supreme Court of Uganda to overturn the Constitutional Court decision that upheld the Uganda Anti-Homosexuality Law,” tweeted leading Ugandan LGBTQ+ activist Dr Frank Mugisha on Thursday, July 11. According to Mamba Online , Human rights lawyer Dr Adrian Jjuuko stated that the joint submission by various activists and organizations marks the culmination of months of preparation for this extensive appeal record. He added, "Now the ball is back in the court's court!"

UNBS can't detect cancer-causing substances in food

The Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) has been found to lack the equipment necessary to test for cancer-causing substances in locally-made foods, beverages, and cosmetics. The report also highlights the association of radioactivity with various types of cancer. UNBS, however, insists that its laboratories are equipped with modern testing technology and are internationally accredited. However, concerns have been raised about the threat posed by other chemicals used in the food chain, and there is a call for standardised measures for preservatives, the Monitor reports.

'Devastating' TotalEnergies oil project

TotalEnergies' East African oil project in Uganda's national parks is causing significant environmental damage, according to a leading conservationist group. The project has led to biodiversity loss, displacement of people, and disruptions to wildlife.TotalEnergies insists it is a responsible operator, but environmentalists and rights activists have sued the company for alleged rights abuses. RFI also highlights that the project is also struggling to secure financing, and campaigners are calling for funding to be redirected to renewable energy projects.

President to 'crash' media for negative news

Uganda's President Museveni and presidential advisor Odrek Rwabwogo are concerned about negative media reports about Uganda. They want to address what they see as irresponsible journalism, which they believe is damaging the country's reputation and economy. They plan to centralise government communication, improve international image, and protect the country's global perception. They also want to coach officials on international communication practices and have monthly discussions on strategies to improve Uganda's image, as reported by The Observer .

Nicholas Opiyo, one of the petitioners' lawyers said on the X platform: "We will wait for the Supreme Court's directions and are optimistic for an expedited hearing of the case." The United Nations Human Rights office said in May, "We are appalled that the draconian and discriminatory anti-gay bill is now law. It is a recipe for systematic violations of the rights of LGBT people & the wider population. It conflicts with the Constitution and international treaties and requires urgent judicial review." "The enactment of Uganda’s Anti-Homosexuality Act is a tragic violation of universal human rights. I join with people around the world - including many in Uganda - in calling for its immediate repeal. We are considering additional steps, including the application of sanctions and restriction of entry into the United States against anyone involved in serious human rights abuses or corruption," said US President Joe Biden. 

Augustin Senghor, the president of the Senegalese Football Federation, has expressed disapproval of remarks made by Sadio Mané, a two-time recipient of the African Player of the Year award. Mané's comments critiqued the national team's strategy during the 2026 FIFA World Cup qualifiers. Although he was out of play due to an injury and did not participate in the games against DR Congo and Mauritania, Mané's critique came during the international break. His statements led to considerable controversy, especially as Senegal experienced a challenging 1-1 tie with DR Congo but clinched a narrow 1-0 win against Mauritania, sustaining their course in the qualifying rounds, Pulse Kenya reports. "In my opinion, I think we need to review our system. We tried to play with more combinations, but overall, it didn't work as it should. So to be formidable, I think we must, as I said, review the system," said Mane

Lesbian activists being abused

Senegal lesbian activists are facing abuse and hostility in a nation where homosexuality is already criminalized. In an interview with 76 Crimes , a lesbian with the pseudonym, Awa shared that lesbians in Senegal are often exposed to corrective rape at an early age. "Very often, when a family suspects that a young girl is a lesbian, she is taken by force to a marabout who, far from giving her a religious education, will rape her. This does not happen all the time, or in all social contexts, but in rural Senegal it is far from rare," she said.

Call for media protection

Over 60 journalists have faced arrest, assault, or detention amid Senegal's political turmoil over the last three years. The watchdog organization Reporters Without Borders (RSF), which has been tracking these incidents, views the ascent of new leadership as a chance for journalistic healing and a revival of Senegal's role as a champion for information rights in the region. RSF's findings indicate that since March 2021, numerous journalists have suffered mistreatment, media polarization has intensified, social media disruptions have occurred, and media permits have been revoked, this period of instability overlapped with doubts about whether the former president, Macky Sall, would pursue an unconstitutional third term. Ultimately, Sall abandoned such intentions, and Bassirou Diomaye Faye was elected in March of the current year, reports CAJ News .

Visa-free policy boosts tourism

Senegal has introduced a visa exemption for travellers from 50 countries, encompassing Schengen area members, France, Spain, and Turkey, enhancing its attractiveness as a travel destination. The nation is celebrated for its abundant historical sites, varied terrains, and dynamic urban centres, catering to vacationers and increasingly drawing business and corporate visitors. With its advanced infrastructure, flourishing hospitality sector, and lively events industry, Senegal continues to strengthen its position as a favoured travel spot. In 2022, the country welcomed upwards of 1.38 million international visitors, a testament to its growing popularity, as reported by TTW .

Support for Burkina junta

Even though a protest took place in Dakar on 21 June, opposing the military regime in Ouagadougou, the Senegalese government continues to support its counterpart in Burkina Faso. Following an assault by Burkinabe officials on the organisers of the Dakar protest against Ouagadougou's junta, Senegalese diplomats promptly issued a response. The demonstration, orchestrated by the Senegalese Coalition of Human Rights Defenders (COSEDDH) and Amnesty International (AI), sought to call out the suppression of media and speech freedoms, along with the widespread detention of civil society figures, such as the esteemed attorney Guy Herve Kam, under Captain Ibrahim Traore's administration, reports APA News .

Here is a compilation of countries that have legally recognised same-sex marriage

Netherlands

Netherlands was the first country to legalise same-sex marriage in 2001 after three years of granting same-sex couples registered partnerships benefits in 1998. More than 18,000 same-sex marriages have since been registered with over 50 percent of them being lesbian marriages.

Belgium

Belgium legalised same-sex marriages 21 years ago. Same-sex couples have been allowed to marry in the country since June 2003.

Canada

Canada became the fourth country to legalise same-sex marriage in 2005, after the passage of the Marriage for Civil Purposes Act. This change came after court rulings in eight provinces found the previous marriage laws unconstitutional.

Spain

Spain also legalised same-sex marriage in 2005, opening doors for same-sex couples to marry and be recognised by law. The Spanish Parliament passed the law amid strong public support for equal rights.

South Africa

South Africa became the first African country to legalise same-sex marriage in 2006 and remains the only African country to do same. The Constitutional Court's ruling required the government to amend marriage laws to ensure equality.

Norway

In 2009 , Norway allowed same-sex couples to marry after the coming into force of a gender-neutral marriage law. The law passed with broad parliamentary support, following years of advocacy by LGBTQ+ groups.

Sweden

Sweden joined in 2009 , granting same-sex couples the right to marry. The Church of Sweden began permitting same-sex ceremonies shortly after the gender-neutral marriage laws were passed. Sweden is also known as the first country in the world to legally allow gender change in 1972.

Iceland

With the first openly gay Head of State, Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, Iceland became one of many countries to legalise same-sex marriages in 2010. The law was passed unanimously in parliament after an amendment to the country’s marriage law.

Portugal

Portugal also embraced same-sex marriage in 2010, supporting the rights of all couples to marry. Same-sex parents were prohibited from adopting children until May 2013.

Argentina

Argentina made history in 2010 as the first Latin American country to legalise same-sex marriage . The law was passed after a heated debate in Congress and was supported by President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner.

Denmark

In 2012, Denmark, which pioneered civil unions, legalised same-sex marriage. The Danish Parliament voted in favor of the law, replacing the registered partnership system.

Uruguay, New Zealand, France and Brazil

All four countries legalised same-sex marriage in 2013, promoting equality for all couples. In Uruguay , the law passed with strong support in both houses of Congress, following extensive advocacy efforts. New Zealand passed the law with a significant majority in parliament. After intense debate in France , same-sex was legalised and in Brazil, the National Justice Council, endorsed the law and indicated that all civil registries must perform same-sex marriages.

England and Wales and Scotland

England and Wales and Scotland both legalised same-sex marriage in 2014, supporting the love and rights of all couples. Parliaments of both countries passed the law to support this.

Luxembourg, Ireland, and U.S.

Luxembourg ’s Prime Minister Xavier Bettel, who is openly gay, was among the first to marry his partner under the new law that legalised same-sex marriage in 2015. In Ireland, same-sex marriage was legalised through a public vote after which a referendum was passed with 62% approval. The United State ’s Supreme Court's landmark ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges required all states to recognise same-sex marriages in 2015. 

Greenland and Colombia

Greenland and Colombia both embraced same-sex marriage in 2016. The law was passed in the Greenlandic Parliament, aligning with Denmark's marriage laws. Colombia’s Constitutional Court's ruling mandated marriage equality, reflecting growing societal acceptance. 

Finland, Germany, Malta, and Australia

All four countries legalised same-sex marriages in 2016. Finland’s same-sex marriage law was passed following a successful citizen's initiative and parliamentary approval. In Germany , the Bundestag passed the law, with Chancellor Angela Merkel giving members a free vote on the issue. A unanimous vote by Malta’s Parliament legalised same-sex marriages in the country. Following a national postal survey where 61.6% of voters supported marriage equality, same-sex marriage was approved in Australia .

Austria, Taiwan, and Ecuador

In 2019, Austria, Taiwan, and Ecuador recognised same-sex marriages in their respective countries.  In Austria, the change came after a Constitutional Court ruling mandated marriage equality. Taiwan made history in 2019 as the first Asian country to legalise same-sex marriage. The law was passed following a 2017 Constitutional Court ruling. Ecuador’s Constitutional Court's ruling required the government to recognise same-sex marriages. Ireland endorsed the law after the 2015 public vote in favor of marriage equality.

Costa Rica

Costa Rica became the first Central American country to legalise same-sex marriage in 2020. The change followed an Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruling and a landmark Supreme Court decision. 

Switzerland, Mexico, Chile, Slovenia, and Cuba

The five countries legalised same-sex marriage in 2022. Switzerland passed the law after a nationwide referendum where 64% of voters supported marriage equality. Mexico ’s decision followed years of regional legal battles and growing public support. Chile got Congress’ support to pass the law. Slovenia’s legalisation followed a Constitutional Court ruling that mandated marriage equality. Cuba ’s new Family Code, which includes marriage equality, was approved by a public referendum.

Andorra

Andorra legalised same-sex marriage in 2023 and converted all civil unions into civil marriage.

Estonia, and Thailand

Estonia was the first Baltic country whose parliament voted in favor of new legislation legalising same-sex marriage in January 2024. Thailand recently became the first Southeast Asian country to approve same-sex marriages. The bill which was passed by legislation awaits assent by the country’s King Maha Vajiralongkorn.

This follows a review and approval by a special committee and the celebration of Pride Month by the Thai LGBT community ahead of the marriage equality bill readings.

The approval of the bill makes Thailand the first of the countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to legalise same-sex marriage.

Senator Kamnoon Sithisamarn, a spokesperson for the special committee, highlighted that this bill represents a new dimension for Thai society. “It has been a long journey over 10 years, driven by people who may not have been directly visible to the public,” he was quoted by Nation Thailand .

Kamnoon had previously stated that the Senate had no reason to oppose the bill since it was supported by the House of Representatives, which is elected by the people.

The bill is now set to go to the Cabinet for final approval before being handed over to the palace for royal endorsement.

The new law will come into effect 120 days after its publication in the Royal Gazette, likely making it a New Year's gift to the people of Thailand.

Under the new law, “two persons of any gender” can marry and be eligible for rights such as:

Same-sex marriage is legal and recognised in 37 countries including Andorra, Denmark, France, Mexico, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, and Canada among others.

Peruvian Congress rejected three impeachment requests against President Dina Boluarte. Differences arose due to her absence from cosmetic surgery, involvement in criminal proceedings, interference in anti-corruption investigations, and corruption allegations, according to TeleSur . Her administration has faced protests, economic stagnation, and rising insecurity. Despite approval ratings of just 8%, Boluarte remains in office. "We fulfil the will of the Peruvian people who give the president an 8 % approval rating. This public indignation stems from the president's frivolity, as she has been absent without permission and without informing the public to undergo surgery, and has dissolved a special professional police team to cover up," Peruvian legislator Susel Paredes said.

Protests over transsexuality as 'mental illness' decree

Massive protests erupted in Peru after a new decree referred to transsexuality as a mental illness. LGBTQ+ activists in Lima demanded the repeal of the decree, which also classified six other gender identities as mental illnesses. Similar protests took place in Ecuador. The decree was passed by President Dina Boluarte's administration and has been criticised as a step backwards for the LGBTQ+ community. The protests coincide with the International Day Against Homophobia, and demonstrators emphasise that being transgender is not a disease.

Mining taxes dispute

Peru has announced that it has successfully defended against a $1 billion International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) claim filed by a US mining company regarding retroactive royalties. This dispute was centred on an open-pit copper mine.

Economic partnership agreement with Indonesia

Indonesia and Peru have committed to starting negotiations for the Indonesia-Peru Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IP-CEPA) agreement, following a launch by their respective ministers in August 2023, Indonesian state agency Antara reports. The negotiations are targeted to be completed as soon as possible, with Indonesia already submitting a proposal and timeline for the rounds of negotiations. The total trade between the two countries in 2023 reached $444.3 million, with Indonesia enjoying a trade surplus of $290.4 million with Peru, according to Antara. Indonesia sees Peru as an important partner for strengthening trade in South America, with plans to intensify trade with the country. 

UK double taxation agreement

The UK has ratified the terms of its agreement to join the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), which is worth £12 trillion in global GDP upon the UK's entry, according to the UK government . This came about after UK Trade Minister Greg Hands visited Peru to join the trade group and finalise the UK-Peru Double Taxation Agreement. The UK government announced that this agreement will prevent businesses from paying double taxes and will greatly lower the costs associated with conducting business with Peru, thereby promoting bilateral trade and investment.

 After about an hour and a half of debate, delegates voted 692 to 51 to eliminate the 52-year-old assertion in the church that “the practice of homosexuality is incompatible with Christian teaching,” The Herald reports.

Delegates also declared “marriage as a sacred, lifelong covenant that brings two people of faith (adult and woman or two adult persons of consenting age) into a union of one another and deeper relationship with God and the religious community.

Chair of the Social Principles Task Force that led the development of the revisions, Randal Miller described the move as historic and a step in the right direction.

“It’s been 40 years of work for me and others to remove the incompatibility clause from our Social Principles and really live in through our belief that all people are sacred. Just deeply grateful and it's wonderful to have come to this moment,” he was quoted by The Herald as saying.

Members of the Zimbabwean delegation whose votes were in the minority opposed the move, describing it as Western culture that is influencing traditional church values.

Reverend Forbes Matonga who is a member in the minority said,

“Indeed, the Church has decided to change the historic teaching of the Church of over 2,000 years that homosexuality is a sin and the definition of marriage as between a man and a woman to between two consenting adults. This is for us a betrayal of The Gospel of Jesus Christ in favour of Western secular culture”.

Zimbabwe Council of Churches president Bishop Ignatius Makumbe who is from the Anglican Church said the church needs to align with the country’s statutes that frown on homosexuality. He also suggested that UMC needs to learn from other orthodox churches including the Anglican that have spoken openly against homosexuality.

“UMC in Zimbabwe and in Africa at large needs to draw lessons from what the Anglican and the Roman Catholic Churches did, by refusing to go against the idea of God to allow homosexuality in their churches and defend their dignities as Africans,” he was quoted as saying.

The United Methodist Church is a Connectional Church, meaning one Church found on four continents.

Meanwhile, the subject has raised conversation on social media platforms with many describing it as “unholy” and “sin”.

A high court in the capital city of Accra ruled that the application filed by the MP could not be granted pending two suits filed by private citizens.

Prof. Amanda Odoi and Richard Dela Sky independently filed suits against the anti-gay Bill, seeking for the court to stop President Akufo-Addo from enacting the bill into law.

The high court ruled that the suits filed by these two had direct implications on the mandamus application.

The MP's application sought to compel the speaker of Parliament to submit the Anti-LGBTQ+ Bill to the president within 7 days. He also requested the Court to compel the president to accept the bill and assent to it or indicate to parliament his inability to assent within the period.

The Anti-LGBTQ+ Bill seeks to criminalise the promotion and funding of LGBTQ+ activities and public displays of affection among other things. The bill was unanimously approved and passed by the country’s parliament on February 27, through a voice vote.

Below are the reliefs being sought by the Plaintiff in his application for Mandamus:

I. A declaration that the Parliament of Ghana duly complied with all the Constitutional provisions stipulated in Article 106 (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana in the passage of the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill on the 28th of February, 2024.

II. An Order of mandamus directed at the 1st Respondent herein to present the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill to the President of the Republic of Ghana herein in accordance with Article 106 (7) of the 1992 Republic Constitution of Ghana on the basis that the Parliament of Ghana has duly complied with all the Constitutional provisions stipulated under Article 106 (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana.

III. An Order directed at the President of Ghana to receive the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill as presented by Parliament in accordance with Article 106 (7) of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana for the purposes of his assent or otherwise.

IV. An Order directed at the President of the Republic of Ghana to signify to the 1st Respondent herein, within seven days after the presentation of the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill, his assent to the Bill or that he refuses to assent to the bill in accordance with Article 106 (7) of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana unless the Bill is referred by the President to the Council of State pursuant to Article 90 of the Constitution of Ghana.

Anti-LGBTQ law

British colonial laws in the late 19th century criminalised homosexuality across African territories , impacting 13 former British colonies. Uganda, Gambia, and Nigeria still have anti-LGBTQ laws.

Uganda's Anti-Homosexuality Act of 2023, following its implementation, reportedly led to arrests, human rights violations, and industry disruptions. International organisations like the World Bank suspended projects and aid in protest. Subsequently, the East African nation was removed from the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) , an initiative that allows qualifying African states tariff-free access to U.S. markets.

Media Freedom

Colonial-era restrictions on media freedom persist in many African countries, inhibiting the free flow of information and stifling dissent. Statutory provisions criminalising the publication of "untrue" statements or reports, inherited from colonial rulers, continue to be enforced, hindering journalists' ability to report critically.

However, experts find these provisions to be problematic since journalists and media houses can't get every story entirely right and factually correct all of the time.

Examples include the 2018 arrest of journalist Sylvanie Kiaku in the Democratic Republic of Congo who was prosecuted under a defamation law dating back to 1940, established during Belgium's colonial rule over the region and the 2016 arrest of five radio journalists in Zambia for allegedly criticising a member of the ruling party. They were charged under Section 179 of the Zambian penal code, a colonial-era law that predates Zambia's independence.

These examples highlight how colonial-era laws continue to suppress freedom of expression and impede the development of independent media in some African countries.

Vagrancy Law

Colonial vagrancy laws in Africa continue to criminalise poverty, and homelessness and marginalise vulnerable populations. Originating from European colonisers through the UK’s Vagrancy Act of 1824.

At least 22 African countries , including former colonies of Belgium, Britain, France, the Netherlands, and Portugal, retain domestic laws criminalising vagrancy. These laws grant excessive detention powers to law enforcement and target street vendors, beggars, and sex workers.

Experts argue that these laws punish individuals for their socioeconomic status rather than any criminal offence they may have committed. For example, Nigeria's Lagos State Criminal Law, 2011, criminalises vagrancy as being "idle and disorderly."

Advocates argue that vagrancy laws criminalise homelessness and discriminate against those with mental health challenges.

Despite legal reforms in some African nations, such as Rwanda transitioning from a colonial Belgian civil law system to a common law system, the legacy of colonial-era laws continues to pose challenges to development and human rights across the continent.

In October 2023, US President Joe Biden announced intentions to remove Uganda, Gabon, Niger, and the Central African Republic (CAR) from a special US-Africa trade program due to concerns over "gross violations" of human rights and lack of progress toward democratic governance.

Gallup's findings , however, reported a contrasting trend in other African nations, where more than half of the surveyed countries saw a notable increase in approval for US leadership. Countries like Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Senegal, Mauritania, Mozambique, and Tunisia witnessed double-digit rises in approval ratings. This surge in approval helped maintain Africa's mean endorsement of US leadership at 56%.

Globally, the report indicated that “the median percentage of people worldwide who approved of U.S. leadership in 2023, same as 2022.”

Despite the overall positive trend in Africa, some nations continue to express significant disapproval of US leadership. Libya, for instance, recorded the lowest approval rating on the continent at 23%, accompanied by a disapproval figure of 63%. Similarly, Somalia, Tunisia, and Namibia also reported higher disapproval ratings than endorsements.

The Gallup report was based on surveys conducted in over 130 countries across the world.

Gambia's former President Yahya Jammeh also shared the sentiments of the long-term Zimbabwean ruler. He said that homosexuality was “more deadly than all natural disasters put together.”

However, what many might remember is that when the British Empire was introducing legal systems in their colonies, one of the laws they imposed was the law against sodomy.

African countries including Uganda, Gambia, and Nigeria, these very nations now criminalise homosexuality based on the British imperial legal instruments, such as the Indian Penal Code Section 377A, imposed during colonisation.

Research indicates that  13 former British colonies in Africa  have laws that prohibit same-sex relations. Nigeria, Uganda, and Gambia have recently enacted laws that not only intensify penalties for existing offences but also introduce new anti-homosexuality provisions.

Since 1950, Uganda has enforced a law against sodomy , passed during British colonial rule, prescribing life imprisonment for homosexual acts. Similarly, countries including Ghana, Nigeria, Gambia, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, and Eswatini inherited their anti-LGBTQ laws from the British colonial era.

A notable trend has been observed, former British colonies have a higher tendency to implement laws that criminalise homosexual behaviour compared to the former colonies of other European powers, according to analysis of data from 185 countries. Almost 70% of former British colonies still enforce laws against homosexual conduct, the Washington Post reported.

Studies further suggest that within sub-Saharan Africa, former British colonies are more inclined to criminalise homosexual behaviour compared to former French colonies.

According to the Thompson Reuters Foundation News , Namibia's High Court is set to make a crucial decision in May 2024 regarding a case that could potentially lead to the overturning of a colonial-era ban on same-sex relations.

Namibia's legislation traces back to the colonial period and has remained in effect since the country gained independence in 1990.

Similarly, Mauritius took steps in October 2023 to decriminalise same-sex relations when its Supreme Court ruled the law unconstitutional. This law can be traced back to 1898 when Mauritius was colonised by Britain.

French ex-colonies including Algeria, Cameroon, and Mauritania have witnessed a resurgence in the implementation of laws criminalising homosexuality.

While the colonial influence of Britain has had a significant impact on LGBTQ+ communities in certain African nations, this is not universally true for all former colonies.

Portugal, another major colonial power in Africa, has seen all five of its former colonies including Guinea-Bissau, Angola and Mozambique decriminalise gay sex.