“To increase its share of world trade, Africa has to add more value instead of exporting … unprocessed products,” she said, calling for stronger local value chains so more processing and manufacturing happens on the continent. “What Africa needs is for the value chains to be created on the continent … and therefore, creation of jobs.”

Okonjo-Iweala said Africa has the resources to shift its model, pointing to the continent’s hold over about 30% of the world’s critical minerals and around 60% of renewable solar potential, assets that could support industrial development if paired with investment, infrastructure and trade-friendly policies.

While the country has been trying to diversify, its exports remain heavily concentrated in primary goods. Data cited from UNCTAD’s Data Hub and the World Bank’s WITS shows Malawi’s merchandise exports have fallen from about $1.3 billion in 2014 to roughly $950 million in recent years, and commodities still dominate the basket.

Between 2021 and 2023, commodities accounted for about 91% of Malawi’s export earnings, driven largely by agricultural products such as tobacco, underscoring how difficult it has been to build a pipeline from farm or mine to factory.

Business leaders say the shift to value-added exports is possible, but will need targeted support. Daisy Kambalame, chief executive of the Malawi Confederation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry, said moving up the value chain would boost foreign earnings and competitiveness, but only if the manufacturing base is strengthened.

Malawi’s government has rolled out policies such as the National Export Strategy (2021-2026) and a “Buy Malawi” push to encourage local production and wider export markets.

Malawi’s Ministry of Agriculture is facing growing scrutiny after reportedly deciding to withhold updated national crop production estimates , a move that has sparked debate among farmers, economists and policy observers. Crop forecasts are a critical indicator for Malawi’s food security planning and market stability, particularly in a country where agriculture remains the backbone of the economy. Analysts say limited transparency around production data could affect planning for imports, food reserves and agricultural policy. Agriculture contributes significantly to Malawi’s GDP and employs a majority of the population, making any uncertainty around crop performance a matter of national concern.

Mining company under question over sector role

Malawi’s emerging mining sector has also come under the spotlight after questions were raised regarding the role and operations of a mining company active in the country. The scrutiny reflects broader concerns over transparency, regulatory oversight, and the economic impact of mining projects, as Malawi increasingly looks to mineral extraction as a driver of economic growth. Officials and analysts have stressed the need for stronger governance in the sector to ensure mining revenues contribute to national development.

Former MBC chief arrested

In another major development, Malawi Police arrested former Malawi Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) chief Aubrey Kasakula, marking a significant legal development involving one of the country’s most recognisable figures in public broadcasting. Authorities have not released full details surrounding the arrest, but the case has drawn widespread attention due to Kasakula’s long-standing role in the national broadcaster. The arrest forms part of a broader trend of heightened law enforcement actions involving former public officials and executives.

Business leadership transition

Meanwhile, the Malawi Confederation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry (MCCCI) is set for a l eadership transitio n after its president, Wisely Phiri, declined to seek a second term. Phiri’s decision opens the race for new leadership within one of Malawi’s most influential business organisations, which represents the interests of the private sector and plays a key role in policy dialogue with the government. Business leaders say the transition comes at a crucial time as Malawi seeks to strengthen economic recovery and attract investment.

JCM Power donates a K383 million school

In a development highlighting corporate social investment, JCM Power handed over a school worth K383 million to a local community. The project is expected to improve access to education in the area and forms part of broader initiatives by private sector actors to support community development alongside energy and infrastructure projects. Education advocates say partnerships between companies and communities can play an important role in improving learning infrastructure in rural areas.

Malawi, in turn, has committed to increasing its own health spending by $143.8 million over the same period. US officials say this shared financing model is designed to reduce long-term dependence on foreign aid and ensure that gains made during the agreement can be sustained after it ends.

A key focus of the deal is Malawi’s progress against HIV. The country is close to achieving the global 95-95-95 targets, which aim for 95% of people living with HIV to know their status, 95% of those diagnosed to receive treatment, and 95% of those on treatment to achieve viral suppression.

The agreement is meant to help Malawi maintain these gains through integrated health services that the government will eventually manage and fund itself.

The report also claims that traditional leaders, religious figures, teachers and other civil servants were transported to state residences in major cities, where they allegedly received cash payments of about 50,000 kwacha each, along with meals, during the campaign period.

Beyond state resources, the commission documented direct inducements to voters. In one constituency, a candidate was observed distributing bags of maize to residents, while other areas saw widespread cash handouts. Several of these cases are now the subject of court disputes.

The watchdog said Ma law i’s laws remain unclear on what constitutes an illegal “handout”, allowing politicians to disguise vote-buying as charity. It has urged lawmakers to tighten the law to prevent abuse.

The commission also expressed alarm over the involvement of children in campaigns. It reported seeing children as young as six wearing party regalia and performing for candidates, raising concerns about child protection and safeguarding.

Gender inequality in politics was another key issue highlighted in the report. Only one woman contested the presidency out of 17 candidates, while women made up just 22 percent of parliamentary candidates.

The Human Rights Commission has called for reforms to strengthen the independence of the state broadcaster, improve access to national identification services, and create a more transparent electoral system.

“I also want to direct that no public school should be requesting learners to make contributions towards the School Development Fund and any other fees, except boarding fees,” Mutharika announced.

The 85-year-old returned to office after winning the September 16 presidential election with 66% of the vote. 

While day school students will benefit fully from the waiver, those attending boarding schools will still be required to pay boarding fees, which remain significant.

The government expects this policy to boost enrolment and reduce drop-out rates. Although there has been progress in primary education drop-out rates—falling from 11.7% in 2009 to 3.2% in 2018—retention remains a concern. Malawi has a primary school completion rate of 52%and a repetition rate of 24.5%.

In 2024, 24,371 students dropped out of both primary and secondary schools. Data from Malawi’s Nation newspaper shows that only 33% of children complete primary school, while just 4% finish upper secondary school.

President Mutharika, who previously served from 2014 to 2020, was re-elected to address the economic challenges that worsened under the administration of Lazarus Chakwera. 

After taking office in 2020, Chakwera oversaw an economy that saw inflation rise to 33%. The prices of food, maize, and fertiliser increased, contributing to a rise in poverty. 

“The [previous] government has not been able to mobilise enough revenue to implement its programmes. Overall growth projection remains weak, with GDP projected to grow at 2.8% in 2025 from 1.7% in 2024, mainly attributed to low agricultural productivity, supply chain constraints and limited industrial capacity,” Mutharika said.

He noted that his administration has already begun taking steps to address these challenges.

The World Bank reports that Malawi has one of the top four highest poverty rates worldwide, with 70% of its population living on less than $2.15 daily, according to a 2019 household survey. 

Poverty has risen by three million since 2010, totalling 13 million people in 2019.

Namalomba said the wage bill now absorbs 25% of all government recurrent spending, and a staggering 38% of domestic tax revenue goes straight to paying public workers. “This leaves very little money for roads, hospitals, schools, agriculture and economic growth,” he warned .

Officials say the crisis is being fuelled by outdated records, weak controls, duplicated roles, and widespread ghost workers (individuals who no longer serve in government but still receive salaries).

To address this, Malawi will conduct a Comprehensive Civil Service Payroll Audit between December 6, 2025 and February 6, 2026. Every civil servant must present themselves in person with their national ID, academic certificates, appointment letters and other documents. Those who fail to appear will be treated as illegitimate employees, with immediate salary suspension and dismissal proceedings.

Chief Secretary to the Government Dr Justin Saidi described the exercise as critical for “safeguarding public finances” and restoring order to government systems. He said the verification would help permanently eliminate payroll fraud and modernise Malawi’s HR and payroll infrastructure.

Malawi’s Parliament has approved Bill No. 2 of 2025, a constitutional amendment that embeds the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) into the supreme law without any changes. Out of 224 MPs, 199 voted in favour while 25 were absent, with no dissenting votes recorded. The amendment, introduced by Mzimba South MP Emmanuel Chambulanyina Jere, defines the purpose and management of the CDF and places it under the authority of Members of Parliament “as prescribed by an Act of Parliament.” A motion by Dedza Central MP Joshua Malango fast-tracked the vote, ending debate and limiting scrutiny. Critics warn that granting MPs constitutional control over the fund risks deepening patronage politics and weakening accountability. Supporters argue it ensures predictable development financing for constituencies. Parliament is now expected to draft accompanying legislation governing fund management and reporting.

Malawi becomes early adopter of injectable HIV prevention drug

Malawi has authorised the use of lenacapavir, a twice-yearly injectable HIV prevention drug, becoming the fourth African nation to approve the medicine. The Pharmacy and Medicines Regulatory Authority approved a 46-day expedited review. National AIDS Commission Executive Director Dr Beatrice Matanje described the approval as a major milestone in reducing new infections, noting that biannual injections ease the burden of adherence. PMRA Director General Mphatso Kawaye said the decision reflects efforts to accelerate access to life-saving innovations, supported by collaboration with the European Medicines Agency and the World Health Organisation. South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe have already approved the drug, with first consignments expected by year-end. Malawi continues to face high HIV prevalence, with an estimated 950,000 people living with the disease.

Preparations intensify for 2025 Africa Netball Cup

The Netball Association of Malawi has confirmed that preparations are well underway to host the 2025 Africa Netball Cup from December 8–14 at the Griffin Saenda Sports Complex in Lilongwe. Nine national teams—Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana, Namibia and Eswatini—will compete for the continental title. The Local Organising Committee is finalising upgrades to courts, training facilities and logistics ahead of the event. LOC chairperson Limbani Matola said hosting the tournament is an opportunity to showcase Malawi’s sporting talent and inspire young players. The Association reaffirmed its commitment to promoting both women’s and men’s netball as Africa Netball continues its campaign for the sport’s inclusion in future Olympic Games.

Rural connectivity expands through Starlink-powered project

Fast Networks Malawi has delivered a major rural connectivity project using Starlink technology to provide affordable internet access in underserved areas. Over six months, the organisation and its partners—including the Internet Society, Unconnected.org, World Mobile, 48.org, the Ministry of Education, Xulendo and Inethi South Africa—developed a mesh network extending connectivity far beyond each Starlink terminal’s range. The project connected 67 schools and established 20 rural WiFi hotspots, enabling clinics, trading centres and additional schools to access online resources. Low-cost community vouchers help subsidise Starlink subscriptions for schools, supporting long-term sustainability. Co-founder Barros Atupele Mweso said communities previously without internet access are now digitally engaged, though challenges remain, including device shortages, low digital literacy and maintenance costs.

New $100 million cement plant inaugurated 

Malawi has commissioned a $100 million Portland Cement Manufacturing Plant in Balaka, a township in Southern Malawi, hailed as a catalyst for economic transformation. Finance Minister Joseph Mwanamveka presided over the commissioning, calling it a testament to Malawi’s commitment to strengthening its manufacturing base and boosting foreign exchange reserves. The project aligns with the Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda, which prioritises manufacturing-led growth and job creation. Mwanamveka said the plant represents resilience in overcoming long-standing challenges in the manufacturing sector and reaffirmed government support for both local and foreign investors contributing to national development.

“This petition represents our deep conviction that language is not merely a tool of communication, but a vessel of culture , memory and identity,” an activist said.

The petition was presented by the Lost History Foundation (LHF) and the Centre for Democracy and Economic Development Initiatives (CDED).

"After almost 61 years of independence, we need to be questioning why we should campaign in indigenous languages and we send those members, we claim they are our servants, they go into the house and begin transacting business in English,” said Sylvester Namiwa, Director of the CDED.

Another activist vowed that the protests would continue until Parliament met their demands.

Malawi, a former British colony that gained independence in 1964, currently requires all parliamentary business to be conducted exclusively in the English language.

Taking the oath of office before thousands of supporters, Mutharika pledged to unite Malawians beyond tribal and party lines and warned public officials against corruption and abuse of power.

“To all my friends in the DPP and anyone in public office, remember this: Malawi belongs to all Malawians. This country does not belong to any person, any tribe, or any political party,” Mutharika declared to loud applause.

He also issued a stern warning to those who might seek to exploit his return to power.

“I will not allow anyone to destroy this country under my watch, and I mean anyone. Whether you are a party official or whoever you are, I will go after you,” he said.

During the ceremony, the chief justice presented Mutharika with the presidential coat of arms, which symbolised his return to the country’s highest office.

A fragile mandate amid divided politics

Mutharika’s Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) secured a decisive presidential win, but parliamentary seats are fragmented, with the Malawi Congress Party (MCP) and smaller groups holding significant sway. This means policy will require coalition building.

A resounding victory for Mutharika but will need cross-party cooperation to advance government's business in parliament.

The economic reality: a country under strain

A new analysis by Fitch Solutions’ BMI highlights just how precarious Malawi’s economy has become, underscoring the uphill battle for newly re-elected President Peter Mutharika. The data show Malawi’s budget and current account deficits have remained stubbornly high for years, with both hovering deep in negative territory since 2017.

Fiscal shortfalls consistently exceed 8–10% of GDP, while current account gaps further strain the balance sheet. Real GDP growth, meanwhile, remains modest, projected below 4% into 2026. This combination of sluggish growth and structural deficits leaves Malawi highly exposed to external shocks.

Malawi’s economy is among the most aid-dependent in Sub-Saharan Africa. U.S. foreign assistance and multilateral aid make up a large share of secondary income inflows. At the same time, Malawi has barely 1.5 months of import cover, critically below the IMF’s recommended threshold.

In contrast, regional peers such as Zambia and Tanzania enjoy stronger external buffers, with higher import cover and less reliance on aid.

What Mutharika promises and what stands in the way

Mutharika is remembered for delivering relative stability in his earlier term (2014–2020), when inflation fell to single digits and roads were built. Yet his legacy was clouded by allegations of cronyism, which may affect donor confidence today.

Economists say his government must prioritise:

Cautious optimism, high risks

Fitch Solutions warns that Mutharika will likely need “cross-party deals” to govern effectively, while policy missteps or stalled reforms could push the country into a deeper crisis. His administration must restore economic stability through tighter fiscal discipline, credible monetary policies , and structural reforms. Otherwise, Malawi risks deepening its dependence on aid and falling further behind its regional peers. overshadowing recovery.

“It is only right that I concede defeat out of respect for your will as citizens and out of respect for the constitution,” said Chakwera, 70, in a national address.

“It was clear that my rival, Peter Mutharika, has an insurmountable lead over me,” he added. “In the days that remain, I want you to know that I am committed to a peaceful transfer of power.”

The September 16 vote featured three key candidates: Chakwera, Mutharika (who led the country from 2014 to 2020), and Joyce Banda (president from 2012 to 2014). Although the Electoral Commission was expected to announce final results later on Wednesday, early figures showed Mutharika ahead.

According to Reuters, Mutharika secured around 66% of the valid votes in 24 out of the country’s 36 councils. Chakwera trailed with about 24%.

Since Chakwera took office in 2020, Malawi’s economy has struggled. Inflation rose to 33%, and prices of essentials like food, maize, and fertiliser climbed. The World Bank reports that nearly 75% of Malawians live on less than \$3 a day, and about half the population lacks adequate daily nutrition.

Chakwera ran on a promise to tackle corruption , but critics said his efforts were slow and selective.

Mutharika, a former law professor now 85 years old, was credited during his previous term with building infrastructure and controlling inflation. But his leadership also faced allegations of cronyism, which he denied.

His 2019 election win was later overturned by the courts due to irregularities, including the use of correction fluid on results sheets. Chakwera won the re-run held the following year.

Mutharika is now poised to become one of Africa's oldest presidents, only bested by Cameroon's ever-present leader, Paul Biya, at 92. Biya is also seeking reelection in Cameroon's October 12 election that could keep him in office until just months shy of a century.

As Malawians await the official results of the 16 September general election, a surge of online disinformation has sparked confusion. A fake X account impersonating presidential candidate Michael Usi falsely claimed he conceded to President Lazarus Chakwera before any official tallies were released. AFP Fact Check confirmed the account was fraudulent, and Usi’s assistant, Winnie Nyando, dismissed the concession claims. Meanwhile, the opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) denied involvement in Facebook posts smearing human rights defenders. Party spokesperson Shadric Namalomba disowned the propaganda, calling it “very unfortunate and unwelcome.”

Concerns over irregularities at tally centres

Tensions flared as political parties questioned the integrity of the results verification process. Opposition representatives raised alarm over the arrival of unsealed ballot boxes and faulty electronic devices at the national tally centre in Lilongwe. Reports indicated 42 of 45 boxes from Nkhata Bay lacked security seals. After negotiations, the Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC) agreed to share hard copies of electronic results with party agents for verification. While MEC pledged to investigate, both the DPP and United Transformation Movement called the breaches a serious concern.

Election observers urge transparency amid delays

International observers have pressed the MEC to manage results openly to avoid fuelling suspicion. Lucia Annuziata, head of the EU Election Observation Mission, praised the peaceful voting but warned that secrecy around tallying could “erode trust.” Similarly, the SADC Election Observation Mission encouraged tolerance and calm while awaiting results. Civil society groups demanded full transparency, including explanations for delays and protection of election data. Seventeen presidential hopefuls, including incumbent Lazarus Chakwera and former President Peter Mutharika, are contesting what many describe as Malawi’s most consequential vote since 1993.

US cuts deepen Malawi’s struggles

Malawi’s economic and social sectors remain strained following US funding cuts and tariff hikes introduced in January under President Donald Trump. France 24 journalists reported that the suspension of aid — which once accounted for over 13% of Malawi’s national budget — has crippled health, education, and infrastructure projects. Refugee camps face collapse, LGBT clinics have shut down, and students have lost scholarships. Exporters also face tariffs that make their goods uncompetitive. As voters head to the polls, citizens expressed frustration at being left vulnerable in a suddenly self-reliant environment.

Fruit trees linked to better nutrition in Malawi

A decade-long study has found that planting fruit trees on farms significantly improves household diets in Malawi. The research, covering nearly 1,000 households between 2010 and 2020, showed that each additional tree species increased fruit consumption by 5%. Families with trees also ate more vegetables than those without. While overall fruit intake remains far below World Health Organisation recommendations, the findings highlight how small-scale agroforestry can address widespread undernutrition and vitamin deficiencies in rural communities.

14:33 GMT: Malawians are waiting to find out who their next president will be as polls have closed in most parts of the country and counting has started.

Thousands of people are still queued outside polling stations to vote for a president, MPs and local councillors, keenly hoping to effect change in a country swamped by economic troubles. Some are still voting in areas where polling started late.

14:25 GMT: Malawi Defense Force soldiers have apprehended and handed over to Police a man who was wearing military uniform and was causing havoc around polling centers at Chimwala in Mangochi.

14:03 GMT: Vote counting begins in most centre

13:11 GMT: Polls will close in less than an hour

13:06 GMT: Former President Bakili Muluzi speaks to the media after casting his vote.

12:57 GMT: President Chakwera casts his vote while citizens share their expectations.

11:52 GMT: Voters detect some electoral malpractices

11:50 GMT: Opposition leader and former president Peter Mutharika casts his vote

11:48 GMT: 57% of registered voters have voted so far

8:11 GMT: Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC) Chairperson, Justice Annabel Mtalimanja, has expressed satisfaction with voter turnout at polling centres monitored by Commissioners and staff.

She, however, reminded Malawians who have not yet voted to take advantage of the remaining hours before polls close at 4 p.m. today.

“We continue appealing to every voter to go and vote because it is their right,” said Mtalimanja.

7:24 GMT: Voting ongoing in the west of the capital, Lilongwe, Malawi.

5:29 GMT: Press briefing by the Malawi Electoral Commission

5:19 GMT: 'We don’t expect any candidate to pass 50%', Malawi political scientist says

Speaking to  Global South  World, a Malawian political scientist, Wonderful Mkhutche, said the mood on the ground is far less enthusiastic than in past elections. “People are excited to vote, but when it comes to thinking about the country beyond the elections, there’s not much hope among most voters,” he observed.

5:10 GMT: Smartmatic technology having some challenges in verifying voters in some parts of the country.

5:03 GMT: Vice President Michael Usi casts his vote at Mamatete Primary School in Blantyre Michiru-Chirimba Constituency

4:53 GMT: Polls open as voters wait in line to cast their votes for the President, Members of Parliament and Councillors in the Lilongwe Council.

Polls are expected to open at 04:00 GMT and close at 16:00 GMT across all polling stations in all 3 regions.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

History

Malawi was under the rule of the Malawi Congress Party (MCP) from independence in 1964 until the country held its first multi-party elections in 1994.

Since then, power has shifted among several parties, including the United Democratic Front, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), the People’s Party, and the MCP.

Chakwera’s victory for the MCP in 2020 was seen as a landmark in Malawi’s political history. The year before, then-president Peter Mutharika had been declared the winner of the general election.

The Constitutional Court, however, annulled that result, pointing to serious irregularities such as the use of Tipp-Ex correction fluid on tally sheets. Judges ordered a re-run in 2020, which Chakwera won with 59% of the vote after forming an alliance with Saulos Chilima.

Mutharika rejected the re-run as “unacceptable,” but the court’s decision was widely praised as a rare and powerful defence of democracy and judicial independence in the region.

Who are the main candidates?

President Lazarus Chakwera (Malawi Congress Party, MCP): Elected in 2020 after the annulment of the 2019 polls, he is seeking a second term. Chakwera has  framed  his campaign around continuity, arguing that his government has laid the foundation for reform despite setbacks.

Peter Mutharika (Democratic Progressive Party, DPP): The 85-year-old former president is attempting a comeback. He was ousted after the court-sanctioned rerun in 2020 and remains a divisive figure. Supporters see him as a seasoned leader; critics recall the protests that ended his rule.

Joyce Banda (People’s Party, PP): A former president (2012–2014) running again, Banda is emphasising women’s empowerment and youth inclusion. Her return adds weight to an already crowded field.

In total, 17 candidates have been cleared by the Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC), though  analysts say  only five or six are serious contenders.

Electoral system & voter roll

Malawi’s president is elected by an absolute majority (50% + 1), which almost guarantees a runoff in a fragmented race. Members of the National Assembly are chosen under the first-past-the-post system in 193 single-member constituencies.

According to the MEC, 7.2 million voters are registered, representing about 66% of eligible adults. Women account for a majority of registered voters at 57%.

When will results be announced?

The presidential election will be announced by the end of 24 September and the parliamentary results will be announced by the end of 30 September.

The economic backdrop

The election comes amid one of Malawi’s toughest economic periods in decades. Inflation has consistently ranked among the highest in Africa, hovering above 25% since early 2024. By May 2025, it stood at 27.7%, with food inflation even higher at 31.6%.

The Reserve Bank of Malawi has revised its  2025 forecast , now expecting inflation to close at 32.4%. Growth projections were cut in February as protests over rising prices and shortages spread in major cities.

Public debt is another pressing concern, estimated at 86–88% of GDP by late 2024. Hopes for stabilisation collapsed in May 2025 when the IMF terminated its $175 million Extended Credit Facility, having disbursed only $35 million.

Credibility and institutions

After the 2019 annulment, Malawians expect nothing less than transparent and accountable elections. The Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC) has received technical support from the African Union, COMESA, and International IDEA, and at least six observer missions have been accredited.

Still,  scepticism  remains. In 2019, the EU Observer Mission endorsed elections that were later overturned by the courts. This has raised doubts about the effectiveness of international monitoring this year.

Campaign issues

While the race is wide open, many voters feel trapped between familiar but uninspiring choices.

Mkhutche explained that Malawian politics remains strongly shaped by tribal allegiances, with the two leading parties drawing support primarily from the country’s two largest ethnic groups. While economic issues are at the centre of campaign rhetoric, he stressed that “we cannot ignore the tribal part.”

Neutral voters, however, could prove decisive. “This election has left many people undecided on who can be the best president. Besides the two leading candidates drawing from their core tribes, neutral voters will also decide who comes out on top,” he noted.

Recent polling has suggested momentum swings between the ruling Malawi Congress Party (MCP) and the opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Afrobarometer surveys earlier this year indicated the DPP had an edge, but the analyst cautioned that the dynamics have since shifted. “The opposition has the people’s attention because they promise to rescue the country from economic decline. But the ruling party has gathered momentum, crisscrossing the country and positioning itself as the party that can deliver.”

The survey done in collaboration with the University of Malawi (UNIMA)’s Centre for Social Research indicates that 43% of respondents would have cast their vote for the DPP, placing the party ahead of its closest competitor, the Malawi Congress Party (MCP), which garnered 29% of potential support.

With both sides locked in fierce competition, he believes a second round is highly likely. “We do not expect either of these two to go past the 50 percent plus one mark required in our electoral system. The likelihood of a runoff is high.”

Concerns also linger about the credibility of the electoral process. A recent dry run of the electronic transmission system exposed multiple technical failures, fueling opposition scepticism. “Even though the Electoral Commission is working to fix these issues, they are likely to reappear during the vote. Should the opposition lose, the result will almost certainly be challenged,” Mkhutche warned.

Despite the tensions, the analyst said Malawi’s democratic institutions remain intact. “Our democracy is good. There is a clear separation of powers, and each arm of government is acting within its mandate.”

Still, he called on international observers and partners to closely monitor the process. “We expect a peaceful election, but times are changing. The world must keep an eye on Malawi. Should anything go wrong, global partners should help put things in order.”

The election, he said, will be a test not just of leadership but of Malawi’s democratic resilience. “After this election, we want to show the world that our democracy is consolidating, growing, and moving forward.”

The stakes are high. Malawi’s last tripartite election in 2019 was annulled by the courts over widespread irregularities, the first time in African history that a presidential result was legally overturned. That precedent has raised the bar for credibility in this year’s vote.

Who are the main candidates?

President Lazarus Chakwera (Malawi Congress Party, MCP): Elected in 2020 after the annulment of the 2019 polls, he is seeking a second term. Chakwera has framed his campaign around continuity, arguing that his government has laid the foundation for reform despite setbacks.

Peter Mutharika (Democratic Progressive Party, DPP): The 85-year-old former president is attempting a comeback. He was ousted after the court-sanctioned rerun in 2020 and remains a divisive figure. Supporters see him as a seasoned leader; critics recall the protests that ended his rule.

Joyce Banda (People’s Party, PP): A former president (2012–2014) running again, Banda is emphasising women’s empowerment and youth inclusion. Her return adds weight to an already crowded field.

In total, 16 candidates have been cleared by the Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC), though analysts say only five or six are serious contenders.

Electoral system & voter roll

Malawi’s president is elected by an absolute majority (50% + 1), which almost guarantees a runoff in a fragmented race. Members of the National Assembly are chosen under the first-past-the-post system in 193 single-member constituencies.

According to the MEC, 7.2 million voters are registered, representing about 66% of eligible adults. Women account for a majority of registered voters at 57%.

The economic backdrop

The election comes amid one of Malawi’s toughest economic periods in decades. Inflation has consistently ranked among the highest in Africa, hovering above 25% since early 2024. By May 2025, it stood at 27.7%, with food inflation even higher at 31.6%.

The Reserve Bank of Malawi has revised its 2025 forecast , now expecting inflation to close at 32.4%. Growth projections were cut in February as protests over rising prices and shortages spread in major cities.

Public debt is another pressing concern, estimated at 86–88% of GDP by late 2024. Hopes for stabilisation collapsed in May 2025 when the IMF terminated its $175 million Extended Credit Facility, having disbursed only $35 million.

Credibility and institutions

After the 2019 annulment, Malawians expect nothing less than transparent and accountable elections. The Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC) has received technical support from the African Union, COMESA, and International IDEA, and at least six observer missions have been accredited.

Still, scepticism remains. In 2019, the EU Observer Mission endorsed elections that were later overturned by the courts. This has raised doubts about the effectiveness of international monitoring this year.

Campaign issues

While the race is wide open, many voters feel trapped between familiar but uninspiring choices.

The government elected in September 2020 entered office with strong public support after a court nullified the flawed 2019 elections. At the time, citizens were optimistic that change had finally arrived, as the new leadership pledged to fight corruption and tackle poverty.

“There was a lot of optimism when the results were announced in September 2020. The government struck the right notes, they promised the right things, to fight corruption , to end poverty," McBrams said.

That optimism has since faded, McBrams added, “Over the past five years, this government has been a huge disappointment. They have played a ball to corruption. The president himself, his own chief of staff, his own advisors, his own cabinet ministers have been named in several corruption scandals . The chief of staff actually had to return a car that he received as inducement.”

The public mood has also been dampened by severe economic strain . Malawi’s inflation consistently ranks above 25%, with February 2024 hitting 30.7% year-on-year before easing slightly to 27.7% by May 2025. By June, food inflation stood at 31.6%.

The Reserve Bank of Malawi has revised its 2025 forecast upward, now expecting inflation to close at 32.4%. Public debt remains unsustainable, estimated at 86–88% of GDP by late 2024. Efforts to stabilise the economy suffered a major setback in May 2025, when the IMF terminated its $175 million Extended Credit Facility after only $35 million was disbursed.

Despite widespread anger, the electoral contest is dominated by familiar faces. The two leading contenders are the current president, Lazarus McCarthy Chakwera, viewed by some as a failure and an 85-year-old former president, Peter Mutharika, whom Malawians protested against in 2019–2020. For many Malawians, the lack of new leadership options has created a sense of helplessness and resignation.

“The two contenders for this election are the same people that Malawians are tired of, and one of them or either will be president come September,” McBrams added. “There’s just a sense of hopelessness and helplessness."

Unlike the mass demonstrations of 2019–2020, Malawians seem reluctant to protest this time. “There is anger, but I don’t think people will take to the street. That time they protested and this is where we are right now. Even if they protest and change government, to who? There’s no proper contender. There’s no one that the protest can rally around.”

International observers are arriving, but their credibility is questioned. In 2019, the EU Observer Mission initially said the elections declared the elections to be credible. Yet the court of law declared those elections null and void. Malawians have since questioned the morality of the EU mission coming back.

Looking ahead to September 16, he predicted apathy at the ballot box. “From my analysis, I feel there will be a low voter turnout. I hope and pray that the youth turnout at political rallies would translate to voter turnout at the ballot box. But from the general mood, I don’t see that happening."

Malawi remains one of Africa’s top fertiliser consumers, yet child stunting persists at high levels, according to the Africa Food Systems Report (AFSR 2025) released in Dakar, Senegal. The report warns that despite heavy investment in fertiliser subsidy programmes, nutrition gains remain limited. “Malawi is among the top five fertiliser-consuming countries in Africa, but stunting rates remain high,” the report noted, spotlighting gaps between input distribution and sustainable child health outcomes. Experts stress that fertiliser subsidies must be complemented by investments in irrigation, infrastructure, and food diversification, Nation Online reports. The report places Malawi’s struggle within a continental food crisis, where 307 million Africans were undernourished in 2024.

Top parties clash over election opinion polls

With the September 16 General Election approaching, the ruling Malawi Congress Party (MCP) and opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) are at odds over the credibility of opinion polls. MCP has accused the DPP of sponsoring “fake surveys” to project former president Peter Mutharika as the frontrunner. At a rally in Lilongwe, MCP secretary general Richard Chimwendo Banda alleged , “The DPP has found a new team to do fake research for it. They want that survey to show that Mutharika will win. They did the same recently, but people didn’t listen to them. They have now engaged some foreign people, just to confuse Malawians.” A July poll by the Institute of Public Opinion and Research suggested Mutharika could secure 43 percent of the vote compared to 26 percent for incumbent President Lazarus Chakwera.

New passports gain international recognition

Malawi’s new passports are now fully compliant with International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) standards, meaning they will be recognised and verifiable worldwide. An insider at the Ministry of Homeland told Nyasa Times that the breakthrough was “a turning point in Malawi’s travel document history.” The source added that, “For the first time in many years, we have a passport system that is not just functional but internationally recognised. Every Malawian holding this new passport will be able to pass through global borders without fear of rejection.” ICAO compliance ensures interoperability with border systems in countries such as the United States, South Africa, and the European Union.

Support for women candidates in elections

Minister of Gender Jean Sendeza has urged political parties to back aspiring female candidates ahead of the September 16 elections. Speaking at a forum convened by the NGO-Gender Coordination Network, she said limited resources and systemic barriers are keeping women out of politics. “Political parties must uphold their pledges to field more women candidates and support them so that we see more women being elected in Parliament and district councils,” Sendeza said , adding, “It is necessary that we must be united and strategic in order to promote women’s leadership and participation. Let us build a political culture where women are not only present but their ideas shape policy.”

New U.S. Deputy Chief of Mission

The United States has appointed Melania R. Arreaga as Deputy Chief of Mission at its embassy in Lilongwe. Arreaga previously served as Chargé d’Affaires and Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Her arrival in Malawi comes at a time when U.S.-Malawi relations are deepening in health, governance, and economic development. The embassy said her diplomatic experience positions her to strengthen bilateral cooperation in key sectors, Malawi 24 reports.

Agriculture, particularly maize, remains the backbone of Malawi’s economy, with 80% of citizens depending on it directly. The El Niño-induced drought in 2024 crystallised the issue, reducing harvests and exacerbating food insecurity for millions. Today, over 20% of the population faces high levels of food insecurity, according to the IMF .

Inflation consistently ranks above 25%, with February 2024 rates hitting 30.7% year-on-year and easing slightly to 27.7% by May 2025 . By June 2025, food inflation stood at an eye-watering 31.6%, down only slightly from 32.7% in May. The Reserve Bank of Malawi revised its 2025 forecast upward, now expecting inflation to close at 32.4%. Overall, 2024 ended with average inflation of 32.2%, while food prices surged 40.2% making essentials increasingly unaffordable.

Growth projections are weak. Real GDP grew just 1.8% in 2024 amid drought and foreign exchange shortages, with the government trimming its 2025 forecast from 4.0% to 3.2% due to mounting price pressures and widespread protests.

Debt trap

Malawi’s public debt is unsustainable, estimated at 86–88% of GDP by late 2024. The IMF’s $175 million Extended Credit Facility (ECF) was terminated in May 2025 after only $35 million was disbursed, undermining hopes for macroeconomic stabilisation.

A joint World Bank–IMF assessment classifies the public debt as “in distress.” The interest bill is nearing 8% of GDP and is projected to exceed 40% of government revenue by 2026.

Aid cuts

The suspension of over $350 million in U.S. aid, equivalent to more than 13% of Malawi’s budget, further destabilised the economy. Critical sectors like healthcare, education, and infrastructure were hit hard, worsening the plight of vulnerable populations.

The IMF predicts growth of 3.4% by 2029 and a gradual drop in inflation to around 15%, assuming structural reforms, fiscal discipline, and a more unified exchange rate system.

Without such changes, inflation and food insecurity are expected to remain central concerns. For voters, the focus is, who can provide economic relief, price stability, and transparent debt management? Leadership is being judged not on slogans, but on the ability to restore livelihoods.

Three prominent political figures are competing:

The agricultural sector, which employs the vast majority of Malawians, was particularly affected, leaving households struggling to put food on the table. Food price inflation has soared to over 20 percent, and almost one in four citizens, about 6 million people, are now experiencing acute food insecurity.

Against this backdrop, citizens are entering the campaign season with urgent demands for reform, accountability, and leadership that can steer the country away from crisis.

At the centre of the electoral contest is a striking dynamic: three former or current presidents are vying for power. Incumbent President Lazarus Chakwera, who came to office in 2020 following the landmark annulment of the previous election, is seeking re-election.

He faces stiff competition from two former leaders, Peter Mutharika, who held office from 2014 to 2020, and Joyce Banda, who governed between 2012 and 2014. All three candidates bring extensive political experience, yet they also carry heavy political baggage from their time in office, ranging from corruption allegations to economic mismanagement.

Chakwera, who ascended to power via a historic court-ordered rerun in 2020, now faces lingering criticisms over unfulfilled promises of economic reform. Mutharika re-enters the fray, vowing to "rescue" the country’s economy , addressing shortages in fuel and medicines, riding on his earlier promises of infrastructure improvements and tempered inflation, though corruption allegations from his previous tenure remain unresolved.

For many Malawians, the race represents less a question of personalities and more a referendum on whether old political hands can deliver real reform.

Coalition politics and the 50%+1 rule

A cyberattack in March 2024 crippled passport services and forced the government to use a temporary setup that caused serious issues for Malawians at home and abroad.

Some travellers were arrested, stopped at border posts, or faced long delays due to problems with scanning.  

The new platform includes electronic passports with chips, online applications and bookings, and more ways to pay, including mobile money.

It also meets international travel standards. Officials say passport services will now be offered in more areas, and backlogs will be cleared in under a month.

Lilongwe is the first city to start using the system, with other centres expected to begin next week.

In a statement, Homeland Security Minister Ezekiel Peter Ching’oma thanked citizens for their patience and confirmed the full return of services.

To help travellers, Malawi will send copies of the new passport to foreign governments to make sure Malawians are not stopped at airports or borders.

The government says it hopes the new system will restore trust and ease international travel for thousands of people .

The Constitutional Court cancelled Section 200 of Malawi’s Penal Code, which allowed the government to press criminal charges against people accused of defamation.

A group of three judges said the law went against Malawi’s own Constitution and international agreements on human rights.

The case was brought by political activist Joshua Chisa Mbele after he was charged under the law for making comments about a government official.

Mbele argued that the charge violated his right to speak freely, as guaranteed in Malawi’s Constitution.

The judges agreed with him.

They said in a democratic society, protecting people’s right to speak openly was more important than using criminal law to punish those who may harm someone’s reputation. They added that civil cases, not criminal charges, were the right way to handle such disputes.

“Criminal sanctions, especially imprisonment, carry the risk of being used as tools of intimidation against critics and dissenters,” the Court said.

The ruling brings Malawi in line with a growing number of countries across Africa and the Commonwealth that have removed similar laws.

Experts say these outdated laws are often used to silence journalists, activists and political opponents.

Until now, the law had been used to target people speaking out against government officials. With this ruling, nobody in Malawi can be charged again for criminal defamation.

Opposition parties in Malawi, including the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and United Transformation Movement (UTM), are set to file a lawsuit against the Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC) for allegedly refusing to allow an independent audit of the voting system ahead of the 2025 General Elections. The opposition argues that a comprehensive audit is essential for transparency and electoral credibility. They warn that MEC’s resistance could erode public trust and violate electoral laws, especially in light of Malawi's landmark 2020 Constitutional Court ruling emphasising fair and transparent elections. The lawsuit seeks to compel MEC to open both electronic and manual systems to technical and financial audits. Legal experts suggest the case could set a precedent for electoral governance in Malawi.

Malawi court strikes down criminal defamation law

Malawi’s Constitutional Court has declared the country’s criminal defamation law unconstitutional , ending the threat of jail for individuals accused of damaging reputations. Previously outlined in Section 200 of the Penal Code, the law had faced widespread criticism for suppressing free speech. The court ruled that defamation should be handled through civil, not criminal, proceedings. Legal experts and press advocates hailed the decision as a major win for freedom of expression. Journalist Kondwani Nyamasauka called it a “breakthrough,” while lawyer Ayuba James said it affirms that safeguarding speech outweighs punitive defamation laws.

Authority targets 10,000 hectare expansion to spur Malawi’s growth

The Greenbelt Authority (GBA) is ramping up efforts to revitalise Malawi’s agriculture through commercial irrigation. CEO Eric Dudley Chidzungu says the agency is rehabilitating underused government farms to improve food security and drive economic growth. With a focus on high-value crops and large-scale irrigation, GBA has already cultivated 200 hectares of maize in Salima this year, producing over 800 metric tonnes. Plans are underway to expand to 400–500 hectares in the rainy season. Revamp efforts are also targeting districts like Mangochi, Nkhotakota, Karonga, Salima, and Chikwawa, aiming to boost productivity and improve farmer livelihoods.

Malawi’s land reforms win global recognition

The Ministry of Lands has highlighted progress in land reform during an engagement with pioneer land clerks in Blantyre. Principal Secretary Davie Chilonga emphasised the impact of the 2016 Customary Land Act, which allows smallholder farmers to convert customary land to registered private land, enhancing tenure security and investment potential. These reforms aim to improve land access, governance, and economic development. Chilonga also revealed that Madagascar will send officials to learn from Malawi's success, signalling growing international recognition. The ministry continues to refine reforms to secure livelihoods and boost rural productivity.

Tourism minister urges Malawians to promote local content

Tourism Minister Vera Kamtukule has called on Malawians to promote local content as a key driver of national development. Speaking at the USF Local Digital Content Creators Showcase in Lilongwe, she stressed the need for more storytelling in local languages and praised the rise of young creators. Kamtukule urged the youth to use affordable data to produce impactful content that can elevate Malawi's presence across Africa and beyond. Five new creators received grants during the event, reflecting the government's support for the creative industry. She emphasised that showcasing Malawi’s unique culture can boost tourism and attract investment, aiding economic growth.

The study was conducted between April 2023 and February 2024 across Kenya, Ethiopia, Malawi, and Cameroon. Researchers collected 251 samples of commonly used cancer drugs, including cisplatin, methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, from 12 major hospitals and 25 pharmacies. Alarmingly, between 14% and 24% of all samples failed quality tests.

Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) levels varied widely, from as low as 28% to as high as 120% of the labelled strength. This means some patients may have been receiving doses too weak to fight their cancer, while others were exposed to potentially fatal overdoses.

The study also revealed that nearly a quarter of the medications tested had already expired, some by almost a year. However, expired drugs did not consistently fail laboratory tests more than non-expired ones, suggesting that poor manufacturing and supply chain lapses are to blame for much of the problem.

“Nearly a quarter of the products (59 [24%] of 251) had expired before analysis, some by nearly a year, but the expired products did not fail HPLC assay at a higher rate than the non-expired products. Ten of the 59 post-expiry products failed assay (ie, a 17% failure rate), whereas 38 of the 189 pre-expiry samples failed assay (ie, a 20% failure rate); these rates were not different at the 95% CI. Failing products were found in all four countries and in both major hospitals and private pharmacies (with no difference in failure rates at the 95% CI),” the researchers noted.

Experts used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to analyse the samples and compare them against the US Pharmacopoeia standards. They found that visual inspections alone were almost useless in detecting defective drugs. The sensitivity of visual checks was just 9%, meaning most poor-quality drugs appeared normal to the eye. “Many quality defects, such as a shortage of an uncoloured active pharmaceutical ingredient, are not visually apparent,” the authors explained.

Disclaimer: The image used in this article is AI-generated

What they said

An official with the Malawian Coalition for Aviation Reform, speaking anonymously, said, “This is not just about a faulty aircraft. This is about a failed system that allowed this to happen. If the investigations are true, then the blood of Vice President Saulos Chilima and the eight others is on the hands of those who chose to ignore the risks.” Shadreck Namalomba, Publicity Secretary of Malawi's main opposition, the Democratic Progressive Party, told Anadolu Agency , “The report doesn’t satisfy the curiosity of Malawians who want to know the truth. It’s very technical and falls short of quenching our hunger for truth.”

This year’s sales have fallen below the $258.2 million from 89.8 million kg sold at $2.87/kg in the same period last year, according to an Auction Holdings Limited (AHL) Tobacco Sales Limited report for the week ending June 6.

The revenue comes from 83.6 million kg of tobacco sold at an average price of $2.47/kg, nearly doubling from 44.7 million kilograms in week six. Tobacco Commission (TC) spokesperson Telephorus Chigwenembe said in an interview on Saturday, June 7, “The average price has been improving in recent weeks, a development that could have a positive effect on the revenues.”

Prices rose from $2.36/kg in week six to $2.40/kg, $2.43/kg, $2.45/kg, and $2.47/kg in weeks seven through nine.

Tama Farmers Trust CEO Nixon Lita, in a separate Saturday interview, attributed the price increase to better quality, stating, “It is a good development to see that the average price has gone up. We expect to see more of such increases as we are getting less of the bottom leaf and moving to the upper leaves as the season progresses.”

Ministry of Agriculture’s controller of agriculture extension services, Alfred Mwenifumbo, emphasised future strategies, saying, “The government through the tobacco regulatory body wants to focus on value-addition and increased productivity to enable the country to realise more from the crop.”

“For example, in the past, the industry was a monopoly of smallholder farmers, farmers with land holdings of less than one hectare or two hectares. We are now talking of inviting mega farms, that is, farmers owning more than 20 hectares all the way to 100 hectares. We are hopeful that by 2030, there will be more large-scale farmers and the industry will grow,” he added.

The TC’s five-year plan promotes large-scale farming and modern technology to boost output and quality, addressing low prices.

Malawi’s 2025 tobacco production is projected at 174.4 million kg, below the 213 million kg buyer demand, compared to 133 million kg in 2024. Tobacco accounts for over 50% of foreign exchange earnings and 13% of GDP, underscoring its economic weight.

Disclaimer: The image for the article was AI-generated

Tensions between Tanzania and its trade partners have simmered for years . South Africa has long prohibited Tanzanian banana imports, while Malawi, which shares a border with Tanzania, announced a ban in March 2025 on the import of several Tanzanian products, including flour, rice, ginger, bananas, and maize.

Malawi’s authorities described their restrictions as a temporary measure to shield local producers from external competition.

“It is a strategic move to create an environment where local businesses can thrive without the immediate pressure of foreign competition,” Malawi’s Trade Minister Vitumbiko Mumba explained at the time.

However, Minister Bashe argued that Malawi’s restrictions have “directly affected” Tanzanian traders, calling them “unfair and harmful.” Despite ongoing diplomatic efforts to resolve these issues, no breakthrough has been achieved.

The ban will have immediate repercussions on agricultural trade across the region. South African exports of various fruits, including apples and grapes, to Tanzania will be halted. For Malawi, the consequences may be more severe. The landlocked nation has relied heavily on Tanzanian ports, especially Dar es Salaam, for the export of key commodities such as tobacco, sugar, and soybeans, as well as for essential imports like fuel and machinery.

The closure of Tanzanian markets and ports could force Malawi to reroute trade through the Mozambican ports of Beira and Nacala, a move expected to increase costs and logistical challenges.

Tanzanian exports to Malawi had trebled between 2018 and 2023, according to official data, highlighting the growing importance of Malawi as a market for Tanzanian goods.

While South Africa and Malawi have yet to issue formal responses to Tanzania’s latest measures, the effects of the dispute are already being felt. Minister Bashe, in a social media post on Saturday, shared footage of a truckload of bananas rotting at the Malawi-Tanzania border, symbolising the strain on regional trade flows.

Despite the growing row, Bashe insisted that Tanzania's ban is defensive, not provocative. “Tanzania will not continue to allow unequal market access to persist at the expense of its people,” he stated. He also reassured citizens that the ban would not compromise national food security. “No Tanzanian will die from a lack of South African grapes or apples,” Bashe said.

“As you know, the World Food Programme provides cash assistance to refugees and is funded by our development partners. Due to a reduction in donor funding globally, we have had to reduce refugee rations from 75 percent to 50 percent as of February 2025,” Denhere told the AFP.

The situation could worsen, with WFP officials warning that the agency may be forced to entirely suspend cash assistance by May if no new funding is secured.

“Actually, we might even go further to completely halt the cash assistance in May if we don’t receive any further funding,” Denhere added.

For many refugees, the cuts present a dire reality. Joyce Wamuyu, a Rwandan refugee at the Dzaleka camp, voiced her concerns about the looming crisis.

“For the community, we see that this will bring trouble to us and to the leadership. If the WFP doesn’t assist the refugees, there will be a lot of instability in the camp. Many of us don’t have work, and others are just staying here with no means to support ourselves. We don’t know how we will survive,” she said.

The Dzaleka refugee camp, originally designed to accommodate 10,000 people, now hosts more than 50,000 refugees and asylum seekers, primarily from Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

“My business of used clothes is no longer profitable,” says Noria Chirambo, a vendor. “I am really struggling,” she told the AFP.

The deteriorating economic situation comes just months ahead of the country’s general elections in September, in which President Lazarus Chakwera is seeking a second term.

Steve Magombo, Chairperson of the Vendors Association in Lilongwe, explains the severity of the issue, “We marched to parliament to present our grievances to the government because our business partners, who are Indians and Chinese, have been raising commodity prices—sometimes three times in a day and with wide margins. We wanted our leaders to understand what our businesses are going through,” he shared.

For vendors like Chirambo, the crisis is not just a business issue, but a matter of survival. 

She explained “I have a lot of problems at home because my business is no longer profitable, yet I have orphaned children to take care of. Commodity prices have gone up, and I have to pay school fees from the little money I make from vending. Because of the difficult economic situation, I am really struggling.”

Agness Nyirongo, an Economic Governance Programs Officer at the Center for Social Concern, highlights the dire impact of inflation on household livelihoods. “When you look at the rising prices of basic goods, it is causing significant problems for families. Providing for their needs—whether it is food, school fees, or healthcare—has become an immense challenge.”

The economic hardship is being felt across the country, with families struggling to afford essentials such as food, school fees, and healthcare.

The rankings are based on how people rate their own lives, using a scale from 0 to 10.

Researchers considered key factors such as income, social support, life expectancy, freedom, generosity, and corruption levels to explain differences in happiness across countries.

While wealthier countries generally rank higher, happiness is not solely about money.

Costa Rica and Mexico made it into the top 10, showing that strong social connections and a sense of purpose can make a big difference.

At the bottom of the list, Afghanistan remains the least happy country, with an average score of just 1.36.

The situation is even worse for Afghan women, who report even lower life satisfaction. Other countries struggling with low happiness levels include Lebanon, Venezuela, and several African nations.

The World Happiness Report also tracks changes over time. Countries in Central and Eastern Europe, such as Serbia, Bulgaria, and Romania, have seen big improvements.

Meanwhile, some of the world’s richest nations, including the United States, Canada, and Switzerland, have dropped in rankings compared to previous years.

Here’s how countries in the Global South rank by region:

Asia:

China

Mongolia

Philippines

Vietnam

Afghanistan (lowest-ranked)

Africa:

Togo

Congo

Malawi

Botswana

Egypt

Latin America:

Nicaragua

Costa Rica (6th happiest in the world)

Mexico (10th happiest in the world)

Venezuela (ranked among the unhappiest)

President Samia Suluhu Hassan announced the project on Monday, March 17, in the nation's capital, Dodoma, stating that South Korea has provided $65 million to improve surveying and mapping infrastructure as part of the initiative’s preparations.

“This updated map is vital for digital planning, sectoral projects, and resolving land use disputes. It will enable multiple sectors to collaborate on land utilisation and development,” President Hassan said.

“The Ministry of Lands, once focused on dispute resolution, has now become a central pillar for the country’s development,” she added.

The initiative is part of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) project, which plays a key role in the mapping process. The government has secured $114 million to support the Ministry of Lands, including $49 million from the World Bank for a project aimed at enhancing land ownership security, as reported by The Citizen .

Tanzania has faced a longstanding border dispute with Malawi over Lake Malawi/Nyasa , Africa’s third-largest lake. Malawi claims sovereignty over the entire lake based on the 1890 Anglo-German Treaty, while Tanzania argues for a median line boundary. The country has also experienced internal land conflicts related to agricultural investments.

The signing took place in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, during a meeting of African leaders. Malawi’s Foreign Affairs Minister, Nancy Tembo, signed the deal in the presence of officials from the African Union.

SAATM is part of the African Union’s long-term goal to connect the continent better. So far, 38 countries have joined.

The idea is to remove restrictions that make air travel expensive and complicated. The agreement will allow airlines to operate more freely between African countries.

Speaking at the event, Ms Tembo said this move is an important step for Malawi.

According to her , it will help boost trade, tourism, and cultural exchange.

Experts believe SAATM will lower ticket prices, increase flights, and create jobs in aviation. Many also see it as a way to make doing business across Africa much easier.

By streamlining these procedures, the government hopes to establish a more efficient and beneficial mining industry.

Malawi, classified as one of the poorest countries globally, largely depends on agriculture, particularly tobacco, to generate foreign exchange.

The Kasiya asset, being developed by the Rio Tinto Group-supported Sovereign Metals Ltd., is located in the west of Malawi. Once operational, this project aims to produce graphite alongside rutile, diversifying the country's mineral output and potentially enhancing its economy.

The temporary ban comes at a time when mining projects are being assessed to enhance economic opportunities.

This comes amidst the ongoing eastern DR Congo conflict.

Malawian troops are in DR Congo as part of a military force sent by the Southern African Development Community (SADC) to help the Congolese government fight armed groups.

In recent weeks, the situation has become more dangerous. The M23 rebel group, which is believed to have support from Rwanda, has captured several areas, including the key city of Goma.

During the fighting, at least 20 soldiers from the SADC mission, including three from Malawi, lost their lives.

President Chakwera said pulling out troops was a step toward encouraging peace talks, even though clashes are still happening.

Malawi’s information minister said the decision was made after a meeting of regional leaders, where they called for a ceasefire.

South Africa , which leads the peacekeeping mission, has also faced pressure to withdraw its troops but President Cyril Ramaphosa has insisted they will stay, saying the mission has a set timeline and objectives.

SADC had originally deployed about 5,000 troops from South Africa, Malawi, and Tanzania, though it is unclear how many remain on the ground.

Malawi also has some soldiers serving under the United Nations peacekeeping force in DR Congo, separate from the SADC mission.

Regional leaders will meet in Tanzania this weekend to discuss the crisis as the situation in eastern DR Congo worsens.

Both DR Congo’s president, Félix Tshisekedi, and Rwanda’s president, Paul Kagame, are expected to attend amidst accusations and counter-accusations from leaders of both countries. DR Congo accuses Rwanda of backing the M23 rebels, a charge Rwanda denies.

The M23 rebels have declared a ceasefire, but fighting has continued. They have also appointed leaders to govern North Kivu, the region they have taken over.

Meanwhile, the Congolese government is calling on civilians to help defend their cities.

Thousands of people have been killed, and there are growing fears of disease outbreaks, including cholera and Mpox.

The International Criminal Court says it is closely monitoring the violence.

According to a press release, the funding is aimed at doubling the number of children with basic math skills by the age of 10. “This is a multi-year program. It’s for the long term, trying to make sure the work that’s already going on in Malawi to make math education as effective as possible is continued into the future and is really embedded,” Dodds said.

She emphasised the program's broader impact on children, young people, families, and communities, adding, “It can deliver that change for children, young people, and their families and communities, and ultimately the whole Malawi and economy as well.”

Dodds also addressed Malawi’s challenges in accessing climate finance, a critical issue for the nation and other developing countries. She reaffirmed the UK’s commitment to improving access to such funds. “The UK has been working really hard with our friends like Malawi to call on the climate finance providers and say to them, ‘Let’s make sure that access is more open,” she said.

Malawi, formerly Nyasaland, was a British protectorate from 1891 until it gained independence in 1964. 

The protesters demanded the resignations of Energy and Mining Minister Ibrahim Matola and Malawi Energy Regulatory Authority (MERA) Chief Executive Henry Kachaje, accusing them of failing to resolve the crisis.

The demonstration, however, was short-lived after police arrived within an hour and used tear gas to disperse the crowd, ending the protest abruptly.

Last week, Matola in a public appeal urged Malawians to remain calm and cooperate in addressing the crisis. He called on citizens to avoid panic buying and report any malpractices, including hoarding, price manipulation, or illegal fuel vending.

Malawi has now entered the sixth week of the fuel crisis, according to local reports, hospitals and emergency services failed to maintain operations due to the shortage.

76-year-old Manesi Levison is among those in desperate need. She is cooking bitter, orange wild yams, known as mpama, which must be boiled for eight hours to remove their toxins.

“Our situation is very dire, we are starving,” Levison told AFP. She is caring for 30 grandchildren, ten of whom are sheltered under the thatched roof of her home in Salima, near Lake Malawi. “It is a root that grows in the wild which we dig up so that the kids can at least have something to eat for the day,” she explained.

“People have died or fallen sick from eating this, so you have to make sure that it cooks for a really long time, all the time replacing the cooking water so as to remove the poison," she added.

The drought, worsened by the El Nino weather phenomenon, has devastated Malawi’s crops. With the rains ceasing in April, fields have burned, and the next harvest isn’t expected until March.

Malawi, heavily reliant on rain-fed agriculture, is facing severe challenges. The drought affects 44 per cent of the country’s crop area and impacts up to 40 per cent of its 20.4 million people, according to the World Food Programme (WFP).

President Lazarus Chakwera declared a state of natural disaster in 23 of Malawi’s 28 districts in March and requested $200 million in food aid.

“Domestic food price inflation remains high in many low- and middle-income countries. Inflation higher than 5% is experienced in 59.1% of low-income countries (no change since the last update on May 30, 2024), 63% of lower-middle-income countries (no change), 36% of upper-middle-income countries (5.0 percentage points higher), and 10.9% of high-income countries (3.6 percentage points lower). In real terms, food price inflation exceeded overall inflation in 46.7% of the 167 countries where data is available,” the World Bank states.

However, as of July 1, 2024, the same report highlights that several African countries have maintained impressively low food inflation rates, providing economic stability and relief to their populations.

Here are the top five countries leading the way:

1. Rwanda

Rwanda tops the list with a food inflation rate of -3.5%. This negative inflation indicates a decrease in food prices, which is a significant achievement for the country. Rwanda's effective agricultural policies and investments in food security have played a crucial role in achieving this milestone.

2. Uganda

Uganda follows with a food inflation rate of -1.4%. The country's focus on improving agricultural productivity and reducing post-harvest losses has contributed to this low inflation rate. Uganda's efforts to support smallholder farmers and enhance food distribution networks have also been pivotal.

3. Morocco

Morocco has managed to keep its food inflation rate at -1.2%. The government's initiatives to modernise agriculture, coupled with favourable weather conditions, have helped stabilise food prices. Morocco's strategic food reserves and efficient supply chain management have been instrumental.

4. Seychelles

With a food inflation rate of -0.4%, Seychelles stands out as an island nation that has effectively managed its food supply. The country's reliance on imports necessitates robust policies to control food prices, and Seychelles has successfully implemented measures to ensure affordability and accessibility.

5. Central African Republic

The Central African Republic (CAR) has achieved a food inflation rate of 0.0%, indicating stable food prices. Despite facing numerous challenges, including political instability, CAR has made strides in improving food security through international aid and local agricultural initiatives.

The 55-year-old Usi steps into the role following the unfortunate demise of Saulos Chilima, who perished in a plane crash this month, a tragedy that also claimed the lives of eight others.

Usi is acclaimed for his work as an actor, dramatist, and musician. His fame escalated with the character "Dr. Manga" in a movie bearing the same title, and he is currently at the helm of the MBC TV series "Tikuferanji" (Why Are We Dying).

Usi's journey to prominence began in an era when national television was non-existent in Malawi, captivating audiences with his radio drama performances on MBC Radio 1. He eventually ventured into the realm of cinema, crafting films that delve into the pressing issues and mirror the socio-political landscape of Malawian society.

Dr. Usi's illustrious career encompasses his contributions as an educator, humorist, and proponent of societal transformation. His distinctive approach of infusing humour to address societal challenges and foster public participation has garnered him immense respect among the citizens of Malawi.

Upon his ascension to the vice presidency, Dr. Usi was met with resounding applause. He conveyed his heartfelt thanks, committing to upholding the legacy of his predecessor and expressing his appreciation to President Lazarus Chakwera for entrusting him with this significant responsibility within the coalition government.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has donated pediatric severe acute malnutrition (PEDSAM) kits to Malawi in response to President Lazarus Chakwera’s appeal for support amid worsening food insecurity. The kits will provide essential supplies for the treatment and care of children suffering from malnutrition and malaria. Malawian Health Minister Chiponda described the donation as timely and useful, as malnutrition contributes to high infant mortality rates in the country. Neema Rusibamayila Kimambo, WHO country representative to Malawi said. “When food security is affected in a country, it will quickly manifest in children, especially those under five. This is something we foresaw not only for this year but also last year with Cyclone Freddy, the floods, and the cholera outbreak.“

Rapid deforestation

Perekezi Forest Reserve in Mzimba in northern Malawi is facing rapid deforestation due to illegal activities such as charcoal burning and wood harvesting, Malawi 24 reports. The forest is under-protected, with only 15 guards patrolling an area that requires over 25 guards. Stakeholders have called for increased protection and efforts to change local mindsets on the dangers of deforestation, according to Malawi 24. Malawi loses about 300,000 hectares of forest per year, and there are suggestions to hand over Perekezi Forest Reserve to the Malawi Defence Force or African Parks for better protection.

Vice President killed in plane crash

Malawi Vice President Saulos Chilima and 9 others were killed in a plane crash on Tuesday (June 11). The missing plane was found in Chikangawa Forest with all occupants dead after a search operation. The aircraft was informed by air traffic control not to try landing because of bad weather and poor visibility, but it disappeared from radar shortly after. Chilima has been vice president since 2014, WION News reports.

Medical workers stage strike over allowances

Malawi medical workers are on strike to demand better allowances and working conditions. The strike has led to patients being turned away from hospitals, according to VOA . The government had promised to increase allowances, but negotiations failed. The government has obtained an injunction to stop the strike. Strike organisers are consulting their legal team.

Media rights groups bemoan surge in attacks on journalists

Malawi media and rights groups have condemned the increase in attacks on journalists in the East African nation. According to them, despite progress in repealing laws infringing on media freedom, threats and arrests of journalists continue. With the upcoming general elections, many journalists fear further crackdown on press freedom, VOA reports.

Convicted on May 17, Nkhoma was arrested after the video, which quickly circulated on social media, was reported to the ruling Malawi Congress Party and the police by members of a community WhatsApp group where he posted the content to mock the president, Africanews reports.

Presiding Judge Talakwanji Mndala who is expected to hand down a verdict next week also warned that Nkhoma faces a potential fine of approximately $3,500 or a six-year prison sentence.

Despite public uproar concerning the court's decision, Malawian President Chakwera who has governed the nation since 2020 has yet to respond.

His presidency followed a historic win in a 2019 rerun election, where he defeated the incumbent Peter Mutharika with 58.57% of the votes. His victory was significant as it marked the first time in Africa that an election was repealed due to irregularities and led to the opposition candidate winning the subsequent rerun.

There have been precedents to arrests trailing insults targeted at heads of state in Africa. Over the past decade in Zimbabwe, more than 70 people have been arrested for insulting former President Robert Mugabe. Additionally, 40-year-old Raphael Okoe Ankrah was remanded into police custody in Ghana after he insulted President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo in a video posted to social media in May 2023.

Burkinabé activist Kambou Ollo Mathias was arrested for insulting junta leader Lieutenant-Colonel Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba on September 5, 2022, according to reports . Plainclothes police officers apprehended Mathias as he was leaving a local radio programme, where he had commented on the State of the Nation address given by the military leader.

President Lazarus Chakwera said the plan will cost the country approximately $163 million. It will improve soil productivity in the country, ultimately translating to making healthy and fresh agricultural produce.

“We want to improve soil productivity and reduce [cases of’ soil degradation and soil erosion. In so doing, we will reverse the negative trend in the deterioration of our soil health through a set of interventions that have been outlined in the action plan….Through our action plan, we will implement the continental fertilizer and soil health action initiative and others aimed at improving soil productivity. Through our action plan, Malawi will take her place in the world as a food basket for all the countries in the world that do not have the arable land, freshwater, and agricultural human capital we have,” President Chakwera was quoted by The Times Group .

He further noted that the move is an investment towards addressing soil health issues in the country.

“Malawi has not been spared from the crisis of degraded soils and we are seeing the consequences of the same through the diminishing harvests that are obtaining year in and year out. My government has therefore, taken a special interest in addressing soil health issues and we will soon be piloting a programme to address the high acidity levels in the soils of certain parts of Malawi with the aim of quickly scaling up the same to other parts,” he said.

The detention came upon a tipoff of their residence on a compound in the city. President of the Malawi Society in Israel, Austin Chipeta told The Malawian Nation that the group that fled Arava and Lion farms is being kept at a maximum-security prison in South Tel Aviv, near Shapira neighbourhood.

Before this, Israel and Malawi had signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to guide the labour export to Israeli farms.

But Chipeta explains that many persons run away from the farms to seek greener pastures because contractual obligations are not respected.

“For example, if they agreed to 30 shekels [K14 000] per hour, some farmers would have been paying 25 or 20 shekels.

“Salaries in the farms are much lower. Other jobs, for example, in the manufacturing industry where they run to are paying around 40 shekels [K19 000] per hour. As a leader, I took it upon myself to talk to them [workers] to return to the farms but they would not listen,” Chipeta was quoted by MW Nation.

According to Kenya-based Israel Ambassador to Malawi Michael Lotem the MoU was an interim arrangement to allow a limited number of Malawian workers to work in Israel until a bilateral labour agreement is signed. He said Malawi will only have less than 3 000 slots for farm workers.

The detained Malawian citizens face deportation from the Middle Eastern country.

According to the World Weather Attribution reports, these countries are combating significant outbreaks of cholera, waterborne illnesses and risks of severe food insecurity between the current and forthcoming rainy seasons.

The severe weather challenges across the Southern African countries have been linked to El Niño.

What is El Niño?

El Niño is a climate pattern characterised by the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. It is the "warm phase" of a larger phenomenon called the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). El Niño events can significantly alter global weather patterns, affecting temperatures and precipitation across various regions.

The phenomenon was first recognised by fishers off the coast of Peru who noticed the arrival of unusually warm water around Christmas time, hence the name "El Niño," meaning "the little boy" or "Christ Child" in Spanish.

During El Niño, the trade winds that typically blow from east to west across the Pacific weaken or even reverse direction. This change disrupts the normal upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water, leading to warmer sea surface temperatures. The effects of El Niño are widespread, influencing weather conditions such as increased rainfall in the southern United States and Peru, and drought in the western Pacific and sometimes in Southern Africa.

El Niño events occur irregularly, approximately every 2 to 7 years, and can last from 9 to 12 months . They are not predictable in the same way ocean tides are, but scientists use various measurements, including sea surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure differences, to monitor and forecast these events.

How is it affecting Southern Africa?

In Zambia, there is a 45% surge in food prices, exacerbating hunger. This is due to a drought caused by El Niño which has affected 9.8 million people, prompting a national disaster declaration in February due to delayed rains and failing crops. This happened across 84 districts in 8 provinces, and approximately 14.8 million individuals were impacted. A March assessment, according to Reliefweb , revealed alarming levels of food insecurity: 76% have limited food stocks, 5.7% have none, and 75.7% are resorting to severe coping measures. Crop damage ranges from 50% to 90%, and water scarcity has compelled 30% of the population to seek alternative sources. Concurrently, over 740 fatalities have been recorded due to Cholera, marking the deadliest outbreak in the country's history.

Nearly 4.4 million people have been impacted by El Niño in Malawi as a result of below-normal rainfall and high temperatures. This has severely affected maize across the nation. Other crops like rice, groundnuts, and soybeans have also experienced significant losses, posing threats to food security and livelihoods.

Additionally, more than 2.7 million Zimbabweans are facing urgent needs as a consequence of prolonged dry spells, leading to widespread crop failure in numerous regions. Government reports suggest that 26% of rural residents will experience shortages of cereals, intensifying an already severe hunger crisis. The situation is further complicated by economic strain and livestock losses, amidst a cholera outbreak that has claimed over 560 lives. Livestock diseases and water scarcity have only intensified these challenges.

Some Malawi Members of Parliament have been accused of abandoning their responsibilities to develop their mandated areas and are focusing on the newly demarcated constituencies. This follows the establishment of new constituencies by the Malawi Electoral Commission, according to Malawi 24 . The Balaka Central East Constituency Chifundo Makande was cited as one such MP who is focusing on the Rivirivi constituency since its creation, an accusation he has denied. In his defense, his invisibility in the constituency does not mean he is not bringing developments through the Constituency Development Fund (CDF).

  Tobacco farming to get boost

The government of Malawi has assured tobacco farmers of improved prices in this year’s marketing season. Minister of Agriculture, Sam Kawale said during the official launch of the Nyasa Tobacco Company on April 9. The Minister further said that the opening of the company will help encourage tobacco growing in the country. “With the coming in of Nyasas Company, the ministry would like to assure the farmers to expect great returns because they are the biggest stakeholders,” he was quoted by Nyasa Times .

12 arrested over violence

Twelve persons were arrested for inciting violence, malicious damage, theft, and arson of property. Police in Dowa, noted that the incident which happened in Katsukunya Village followed a complaint lodged by a villager, Lunia Mafikeni. Police followed up with investigations that led to the arrest of the twelve. The suspects include 58-year-old Nasimelo Mvula, Elemia Banda, 18, and ten others aged between 19 and 22 all from Katsukunya Village, TA Msakambewa in Dowa, a town located in the Central Region of Malawi. The suspects are currently in custody, will soon appear in court to answer charges of inciting violence, theft, and arson, the Malawi News Agency reports.

Welfare of Malawi citizens in South Africa

Malawi’s Minister of Justice Titus Mvalo met with the High Commissioner in the Republic of South Africa to discuss legal challenges facing Malawians. The issues included human trafficking and other cases of Malawians living in South Africa that come in conflict with the law. According to Nyasa Times , Mvalo and his team paid a courtesy call to the Malawian High Commissioner when they visited South Africa to attend the Johannesburg Arbitration Week.

Women participation in elections

National Initiative for Civic Education (NICE) Trust has highlighted the participation of women in elections in ensuring inclusivity and development. Programmes Officer for Chiradzulu Moses Kaunda has therefore urged women to actively participate in the upcoming general election scheduled for September 2025. He also reassured the DAF and the public that NICE Trust was prepared to work with various stakeholders to ensure that the 2025 elections are free, fair, and peaceful, Malawi News Agency reports.

According to the study, there is a significant economic burden imposed by HAIs on seven African economies namely Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Uganda, Mali and Zambia.

Hospital-acquired infections, such as sepsis and pneumonia, are not just a health hazard—they are a significant economic drain. The study found that these infections consume on average 1.1% of the GDP and 4.5% of the total health budgets of the affected countries.

In Malawi, the impact is even more pronounced, with these infections accounting for 2.92% of the GDP and 10.9% of the annual healthcare budget.

With an annual loss of $8.4 billion, resources that could otherwise be allocated to vital healthcare services are diverted to manage and treat preventable infections. This financial strain not only hampers the provision of quality healthcare but also undermines efforts to achieve universal health coverage and meet Sustainable Development Goal 3, which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all.

Moreover, the impact of HAIs extends beyond economic implications, affecting the lives and well-being of patients and healthcare workers alike. Patients who contract infections while receiving medical care may experience prolonged hospital stays, increased morbidity and mortality rates and diminished quality of life.

"In 2022, across Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Uganda and Zambia, there were 2.6 million cases of hospital-acquired infections, which led to more than 275,000 excess deaths," part of the study reads.

Major causes of HAIs

The root causes of hospital-acquired infections are multifaceted and often linked to deficiencies in infection prevention and control practices within healthcare settings.

However, WaterAid links these infections to Inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure, coupled with insufficient resources and training.

Adding that the absence of these necessities creates an environment conducive to the spread of pathogens.

"The lack of basic water and hygiene services in healthcare facilities increases the risk of infections, leads to poor quality care and, as our new research shows, has severe economic consequences for low and middle-income countries," the study reveals.

The way forward

Addressing the challenge of hospital-acquired infections requires a holistic approach that prioritises investment in WASH infrastructure and promotes robust infection prevention and control measures.

WaterAid proposes that governments should prioritise and increase finances for Healthcare facilities to ensure access to clean water and sanitation facilities, implement stringent hygiene protocols, and provide ongoing training to healthcare workers on infection prevention practices.

"Basic WASH services, waste management, and environmental cleaning can prevent at least half of healthcare-acquired infections and is an affordable solution to support economies, make health systems more resilient, and free up healthcare budgets to address other important health issues," the report adds.

The findings of the WaterAid study serve as a wake-up call for policymakers and stakeholders to prioritise efforts to address the root causes of HAIs and ensure that healthcare facilities provide safe and quality care to all patients.

Described as a unique ecoregion, scientists named it the South East Africa Montane Archipelago (SEAMA).

“The ecoregion is fragmented across small isolated pockets of rainforest, montane grasslands and shrublands, each with their own unique, but distantly related, plants and animals,” Study co-author, herpetologist Harith Farooq, who is a Lecturer in the Biology Department at Lúrio University in Mozambique was quoted by Forbes .

Although most of these sky islands including Mount Thyolo have lost 18% of primary humid forests, others like Mount Mabu are being protected and others like Mount Lico are inaccessible.

A total of 127 endemic plants have been found in this ecoregion and many species of animals including 39 species of butterflies exist here.

While efforts are being made to conserve the ecoregion, scientists say there’s more to learn and discover about them.

“Encouraging conservation of the South East Africa Montane Archipelago is paramount as it’s clear we’ve only begun to scratch the surface of what we can learn about this diverse region as well as consider how these learnings can be applied to global biodiversity conservation efforts,” co-author, herpetologist Gabriela Bittencourt-Silva, a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Natural History Museum was quoted by Forbes .

30 biological surveys were carried out by about 100 specialists from different disciplines to investigate and document this region over the past two decades.

In a statement dated March 21, 2024, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration outlined the provisions of the agreement. According to the statement, travellers holding ordinary, diplomatic, or service passports are now exempt from visa requirements when travelling between Ghana and Malawi.

“The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration wishes to inform the public that the Republic of Ghana and the Republic of Malawi, desirous of strengthening their bilateral relations and existing cooperation, have entered into an agreement on a visa waiver regime for holders of ordinary, diplomatic and service passports which took effect from 7 th February 2024,” the statement read. 

These travellers are allowed to transit, exit, and stay in the territories of both countries for a maximum period of ninety (90) days within a calendar year, provided they do not seek employment during their stay.

The agreement is expected to enhance trade, tourism, and cultural exchange activities, ultimately strengthening the bonds of friendship and cooperation between the two nations.

The Head of State however emphasized that the government is in no position to compromise and negotiate with the cyber criminals nor put the security of the country at risk.

“We are not in the business of appeasing criminals with public money, nor are we in the business of negotiating with those who attack our country,” President Chakwera was quoted by the Lusaka Times .

According to him, the immigration department has been ordered to provide a temporary solution within three weeks to resume passport issuance pending other long-term measures to address the issue and restore control over the immigration system.

The incident comes at a time when there is a high demand for travel documents in Malawi, particularly among the youth who want to travel abroad.

Meanwhile, Malawians are already grappling with backlog issues and previous disruptions in passport services. Last year, there was the situation of shortage of passport booklets and foreign currency shortages.

Before this, there was a termination of a passport contract in 2021 due to irregularities, further exacerbating delays, and prompting criticism of government inefficiency and corruption allegations.

Malawi is on the verge of enacting a Whistleblower Protection Law following extensive consultations with stakeholders, led by the Special Law Commission. During a recent stakeholder consultation meeting in Mzuzu, Justice John Chirwa, the chairperson of the commission, announced that they aim to have a comprehensive draft legislation ready for submission to the cabinet by February 2025, Malawi News Agency reports. However, Justice Chirwa acknowledged potential funding challenges that could impact the timeline, stating, "We cannot guarantee that, as sometimes we face funding challenges." Despite this, the commission remains committed to advancing the development of this crucial legislation. The proposed legislation is part of Malawi's broader efforts to strengthen anti-corruption measures and promote a culture of accountability. As developments unfold, the nation anticipates a significant step forward in fostering a safer environment for those who choose to expose wrongdoing and contribute to the fight against corruption and maladministration.

Burundian refugees

The Department of Refugees in the Ministry of Homeland Security in Malawi has successfully organized the voluntary repatriation of 52 individuals from Burundi who had sought refuge in the country. The departure took place through Kamuzu International Airport in Lilongwe, marking a significant step in the voluntary repatriation efforts. This initiative brings the total number of refugees who have left the country voluntarily to 276, Hilda Katema Kausiwa, the Senior Administrative and Operations Manager in the department, confirms. Kausiwa emphasized that such voluntary repatriation initiatives contribute to easing the burden on the country in terms of refugee care. Expressing satisfaction with the development, Kausiwa stated, "We are pleased because this is something we are encouraging on the understanding that refugees cannot maintain their status for life; we are encouraging all durable solutions to be employed," she is quoted by Nyasa Times Kausiwa further highlighted the department's expectation that more refugees will be supported in returning to their respective countries voluntarily.

Visa removal

Standard Bank Plc Chief Executive Phillip Madinga has applauded the government’s decision to remove visa restrictions for about 47 countries across the globe. Madinga sees this decision as a timely and strategic step to enhance the country's foreign currency inflows, a critical need in the face of persistent shortages, the Nyasa Times reports. Madinga believes this decision will position Malawi as an attractive tourism destination, ultimately bolstering foreign currency flows in the long run. The removal of visa restrictions was identified as one of the bottlenecks during the bank's Business Leadership Round Table on December 12, a high-level forum that engages government officials, regulatory bodies, donors, and the private sector to discuss economic policy reforms. Home Affairs Minister Ken Zikhale N'goma officially announced the lifting of entry restrictions in a Gazette published on February 8.

State of Nation Address

President Lazarus Chakwera is scheduled to deliver the State of the Nation Address (Sona) amid uncertainties regarding the Leader of the Opposition position. The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) has appointed Mary Navicha to the position, creating a focus of attention on Chakwera as he reflects on the achievements and challenges of his administration in the current fiscal year. The State of the Nation Address is expected to include Chakwera's vision for the next fiscal year, particularly as this session coincides with the Budget Session of Parliament. The address will likely outline the government's plans, policies, and priorities for the upcoming year, the Times Group reports.  In a separate development, the DPP has chosen Mary Navicha as the Leader of the Opposition. Navicha's appointment comes after the party faced challenges in having its vice president for the Southern Region, George Chaponda, ascend to the position due to a court injunction. The Parliament spokesperson, Ian Mwenye, has confirmed that the DPP has formally notified the Speaker of Parliament about Navicha's appointment. However, it seems that Parliament is still consulting on the matter, suggesting that there may be ongoing discussions or considerations regarding this appointment.

Policy rate

Commercial banks in Malawi have implemented a significant increase in their base lending interest rate, known as the reference rate, by 1.3 percentage points, bringing it to 24.9 percent. The adjustment, effective Thursday, follows the Reserve Bank of Malawi's decision on Monday to raise the policy rate by 200 basis points to 26 percent, the Times Group reports. The reference rate serves as the benchmark that commercial banks utilize when determining other interest rates, including those applied to loans for individuals or businesses. Published statements from the commercial banks explained, “We wish to inform you that due to the recent upward adjustment of the policy rate, the reference rate for February 2024 is 24.90 percent from 23.60 percent in January 2024. This rate is effective Thursday, February 8, 2024 ." The reference rate for February 2024 now stands at 24.90 percent, up from 23.60 percent in January 2024, as indicated in the statements released by the commercial banks. This adjustment implies that borrowers may face a minimum interest rate of 31 percent on loans, depending on factors such as the lender and the risk profile of the client.

This means that there is a rise in the price of food commodities in the country compared to other countries. Egypt’s food price inflation between September and December 2023 stands at 27%.

Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Burundi followed in the list of top 10 countries hardest hit by inflation, ranking fifth, sixth, and eighth with 9%, 8%, and 8% increase respectively.

The report was collated between September and December 2023 and indicates that inflation is higher in low and middle-income countries compared to upper-middle-income countries and high-income countries.

63.2% inflation was recorded in low-income countries, 73.9% in lower-middle-income countries, 48% in upper-middle-income countries, and 46.3% in high-income countries.

Meanwhile, Argentina tops the list with 40% real food inflation, followed by Viet Nam with 11%, Palestine with 9% and Lebanon with 8%. The rest are Belize with 8% and Turkey with 7%.