That changed when he converted his vehicle to run on CNG. Almost immediately, his daily fuel costs dropped from 25,000 Tanzanian shillings (about USD 9.70) to just 10,000 shillings (about USD 3.88). With expenses slashed, Kayaula began reaching his income targets earlier, shortening his workday and reclaiming time with his family.

“Now I can save more, and taking care of my family has become easier,” he says. “I even get to have dinner with them – something I couldn’t do before.”

Cheaper fuel, shorter days

Kayaula is one of more than 7,000 drivers across Tanzania who have switched to CNG, a transition gaining momentum particularly in commercial transport.

In Dar es Salaam, the country’s commercial hub, CNG is steadily emerging as a viable alternative to petrol and diesel. An 11-kilogram tank, costing around 15,000 shillings (about USD 5.82), can power a bajaji for up to 180 kilometres – significantly farther than petrol.

Although converting a vehicle can cost as much as 1 million shillings (around USD 388), many drivers recover this investment within months through fuel savings. Government data indicates that CNG can cut fuel costs by more than half, a compelling advantage for low-income earners.

Private garages, such as NK CNG AUTO LTD in Dar es Salaam, have responded by offering instalment plans to make conversions more accessible. According to the company’s head mechanic, Mackline Rwamugira, interest is steadily growing.

“Once drivers see the savings from their fellows, they’re convinced,” he says.

While still a fossil fuel, CNG burns more cleanly than petrol or diesel, producing lower emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. In densely populated cities like Dar es Salaam, this could help ease air pollution and reduce climate impacts.

Transport currently accounts for nearly 60 percent of Tanzania’s energy-related carbon emissions. With vehicle numbers rising, the need for cleaner alternatives is becoming more urgent.

“If scaled properly, CNG can bridge the gap toward sustainable transport while improving air quality now,” says Fatma Mshindo, a government urban transport analyst.

Another advantage lies in supply. Unlike petrol and diesel, which are imported, CNG is produced domestically. The Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation (TPDC) supplies gas from local reserves, with nearly 80 percent used in transport.

By June 2024, more than 1,900 CNG vehicles were refuelling daily. Though still a small share of the total, the number is growing. Infrastructure is expanding too. A new mother station opened in Dar es Salaam in May 2025, capable of serving over 1,000 vehicles per day.

Since 2020, the number of CNG refuelling stations has risen from just two to around nine, all located in Dar es Salaam. The government is also planning mobile stations to extend access to other regions.

Infrastructure gaps remain

Outside the capital, however, access to CNG remains limited. In Bagamoyo, about 70 kilometres north of Dar es Salaam, bajaji driver Juma Mbasso is eager to switch but cannot.

“We hear about the savings from fellow drivers and want to switch,” he says. “But there’s no CNG station here. Even if I converted, I’d have to drive to Dar to refuel.”

His situation underscores a major challenge: without wider infrastructure, the benefits of CNG risk remaining concentrated in urban areas.

Even so, momentum is building. More than 60 companies have applied to construct new refuelling stations. The Dar Rapid Transit system is testing gas-powered buses, and the government is considering tax incentives to accelerate adoption.

Early concerns among drivers – ranging from fears about engine performance to higher maintenance costs – have gradually eased. Rwamugira says better information has been key.

“We explain how CNG works and what to expect,” he notes. “With routine care, CNG engines perform just as well.”

Challenges persist. Fuel supply can be inconsistent, sometimes leading to long queues at stations. Insurance options for converted vehicles remain limited, and safety regulations are still evolving. Analysts emphasise that strong oversight will be crucial.

“There’s real momentum,” says Mshindo. “But clear standards, consistent enforcement, and long-term pricing policies are essential.”

Tanzania’s experience reflects a broader regional shift. Egypt’s CNG programme had reduced carbon dioxide emissions by around 5 million metric tonnes by 2021 and converted more than 500,000 vehicles by 2023. Kenya is also piloting CNG buses and ride-hailing fleets, part of a wider push for cleaner and more affordable transport across Africa.

“These developments show what’s possible with the right strategy and investment,” Mshindo adds.

Beyond fuel savings

In Dar es Salaam, the effects are already being felt beyond the drivers themselves. Lower operating costs are translating into more flexible fares for commuters.

“Before, some drivers wouldn’t even discuss prices,” says Oliver Francis, a city resident. “Now they’re more open to fair rates.”

Office worker Nasra Muniri has noticed the difference in her daily commute. “I used to pay 3,500 shillings (about USD 1.35) each way. Now it’s often 2,000 (about USD 0.77) or less,” she says. “It makes a difference.”

For small business owners like Joyce Masambaji, who relies on bajajis for deliveries, the shift has brought greater predictability.

“Drivers charge less and aren’t stressed about fuel,” she explains. “It’s easier to plan.”

CNG is not a complete solution to Tanzania’s transport or climate challenges. Yet in a difficult economic climate, it is already offering tangible relief – not just in reduced costs, but in time regained.

For Kayaula, the change goes beyond economics.

“Before, I barely saw my children awake,” he says. “Now I help with homework, I rest, and I feel like a real part of home again.”

With thousands of drivers already making the switch and adoption continuing to grow, Tanzania is positioning itself as a potential model for cleaner, more affordable transport systems in emerging economies.

The opinions and thoughts expressed in this article reflect only the author's views.

Mweha Msemo is a Tanzanian freelance journalist based in Dar es Salaam. He focuses on stories of marginalised communities, social justice, and digital rights. With a passion for amplifying unheard voices, his work highlights the lives and challenges of underrepresented groups, reflecting his commitment to raising awareness and fostering understanding.

Data compiled from energy agencies and industry analyses, including the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), show the U.S. has held the top spot since 2023 , overtaking long-time leader Qatar and reshaping global gas supply dynamics.

The LNG industry has undergone several distinct phases over the past three decades, driven by infrastructure investment, resource discoveries and changing demand patterns.

In the early years, Algeria led global LNG exports between 1990 and 1994, leveraging its pioneering facilities at Arzew. According to Britannica, Algeria was among the first countries to commercialise LNG exports, giving it an early strategic advantage.

That lead faded as newer producers scaled faster. By the mid-1990s, Indonesia took over (1995–2005), supported by large export terminals such as Bontang and Arun, and long-term contracts with Asian buyers, particularly Japan. Industry analyses from Incorrys note that this period coincided with a surge in LNG demand across the Asia-Pacific region.

From 2006 to 2021, Qatar dominated the global LNG market, setting a new benchmark for scale and efficiency.

Backed by the massive North Field, the world ’s largest natural gas reservoir, Qatar expanded production through its Ras Laffan industrial complex. According to industry data and EIA assessments, Qatar at times accounted for over 30% of global LNG supply, cementing its role as the central player in international gas markets.

Its success was built on long-term contracts, cost advantages and the ability to deliver large, consistent volumes to Europe and Asia.

The balance shifted again in 2022, when Australia briefly became the top exporter, driven by major offshore LNG projects including Gorgon, Wheatstone and Ichthys.

However, analysts note that Australia’s lead was short-lived, as production growth plateaued and operational constraints limited further expansion.

Since 2023, the United States has taken the lead, powered by the shale gas revolution and the rapid expansion of LNG export terminals along the Gulf Coast.

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the country’s export capacity has grown sharply in recent years, supported by facilities in Texas and Louisiana. The U.S. model differs from traditional exporters, offering flexible contracts and destination-free cargoes, making it particularly attractive to buyers.

Strong demand from Europe — especially following efforts to reduce reliance on Russian pipeline gas — and continued growth in Asian markets have accelerated U.S. exports.

Geopolitics and demand reshape the market

The shift in LNG leadership reflects broader geopolitical and economic changes.

Britannica notes that LNG plays a critical role in global energy systems by enabling natural gas to be transported across oceans, linking producers and consumers that are not connected by pipelines.

The infographic, based on 2024 data, shows the top 10 natural gas-producing countries, highlights the dominance of a few energy heavyweights at a time when energy security, geopolitics and climate policy are closely linked.

The United States leads by a wide margin, producing just over 1.030 trillion cubic meters of natural gas in 2024. According to data from the Statistical Review of World Energy by the Energy Institute, US output continues to be driven by shale gas and advanced extraction technologies.

This production strength has helped the country solidify its position as the world’s largest exporter of liquefied natural gas , particularly to Europe, as countries seek alternatives to Russian supply following the war in Ukraine.

Russia, with production of around 630 billion cubic meters, remains a major global gas player despite sanctions and reduced pipeline exports to Europe. Energy Institute data show that Moscow has increasingly shifted exports toward Asian markets while expanding LNG capacity to sustain its influence in global energy trade.

Iran and China, producing roughly 263 billion and 248 billion cubic meters respectively, reflect contrasting pressures . Iran’s gas sector is shaped by sanctions and infrastructure constraints, while China’s rising output aligns with Beijing’s push for energy self-sufficiency amid heightened geopolitical competition.

The rest of the top 10 includes Canada, Qatar, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Norway and Algeria. Qatar and Australia stand out for their strong roles in global LNG supply, particularly to Asia and Europe, while Norway has become Europe’s most dependable pipeline gas supplier since Russian flows declined. Algeria continues to play a key role in supplying gas to southern Europe.

These rankings are especially relevant in 2025 as global energy debates intensify. While investment in renewable energy is accelerating, the Energy Institute notes that natural gas remains widely viewed as a transitional fuel for electricity generation and industry.

“These identified projects represent near-term opportunities with the potential to attract over $20 billion in new investment, create tens of thousands of jobs, and catalyse industrial activity across the country,” Farouk Ahmed, chief executive of the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA), said in Lagos at the launch of a “Gas Utilisation Unlock Validation Series.”

Launched in 2021, the Decade of Gas is Abuja’s flagship energy transition agenda, aiming to make gas the primary fuel for industrial growth and export diversification. It rests on four pillars, supply, infrastructure , pricing and utilisation. It seeks to turn more than 200 trillion cubic feet of proven reserves into reliable energy for factories, households and the grid.

Ahmed further noted that the validation series, expected to run for three weeks, is designed to test whether projects can move quickly from paper to execution. Regulators will then match supply with demand, establish pricing mechanisms and pinpoint infrastructure and policy enablers. He added that each project team would work with the NMDPRA and the Secretariat to verify technical, commercial, and financial assumptions, remove bottlenecks and set clear responsibilities and timelines. “This validation series is not only an audit of projects; it is also a way to speed up their implementation,” he told industry leaders.

Despite holding the continent’s largest reserves, investment has been constrained by pipeline gaps, processing bottlenecks, overlapping regulations and uncertain domestic pricing.

A report by the U.S. Energy Information Administration  highlights the top 10 countries with the largest proven natural gas reserves, measured in trillion cubic feet (Tcf). 

Global leaders in natural gas reserves

Russia, Iran, and Qatar dominate the global natural gas reserve rankings:

These ten countries collectively account for more than 83% of the world’s proven natural gas reserves, underscoring their strategic importance in global energy geopolitics.

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) confirms these rankings and adds that Russia's 1,688 Tcf gives it the largest share, heavily concentrated in Western Siberia. Its exports via pipeline and liquefied natural gas (LNG) make it a critical player, especially for Europe and Asia.

Iran holds the second-largest reserves, mainly in the South Pars/North Dome field, shared with Qatar. However, due to international sanctions and underinvestment, much of Iran’s potential remains untapped.

Qatar, although smaller in landmass, capitalizes on its abundant reserves through LNG exports, making it the world’s second-largest LNG exporter after the U.S.

The United States ranks fourth, yet leads the world in natural gas production thanks to advanced shale gas extraction technologies . U.S. reserves are primarily located in the Marcellus, Permian, and Haynesville basins.

Additionally, Nigeria and Venezuela, though at the bottom of the top 10 list, hold significant untapped potential that could reshape regional energy economies if properly developed.

Turkey has discovered a new natural gas reserve of 75 billion cubic metres in the Black Sea, President Tayyip Erdogan announced on May 17. The reserve, located in the Goktepe-3 well at a depth of 3,500 metres, is estimated to be worth approximately $30 billion. According to Erdogan, the find could supply household natural gas needs in Turkey for 3.5 years. The country’s daily production at the Sakarya field has reached 9.5 million cubic metres, supporting its broader energy development goals.

Putin and Trump to skip Russia–Ukraine Talks in Turkey

Russian President Vladimir Putin will not attend the upcoming Russia–Ukraine talks in Turkey, Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov confirmed to CNN on May 15. When asked about Putin’s attendance, Peskov replied, “No.” Former U.S. President Donald Trump, who previously suggested he might alter his Middle East travel plans to join the negotiations, will also be absent. He stated that Putin’s non-attendance was not disappointing and that no progress on Ukraine would occur until he meets with the Russian leader.

U.S. approves $304 million missile sale to Turkey

The United States has approved the sale of missiles worth $304 million to Turkey, pending Congressional approval. The sale includes 53 advanced medium-range air-to-air missiles valued at $225 million and 60 Block II missiles priced at $79.1 million, according to the Defence Security Cooperation Agency. RTX Corporation is designated as the principal contractor. The announcement coincided with Secretary of State Marco Rubio’s visit to Turkey for a NATO foreign ministers' meeting. He is scheduled to continue to Istanbul for possible ceasefire talks between Russian and Ukrainian officials.

India reviews business ties with Turkey following its support for Pakistan

Turkey was among the few countries that openly backed Pakistan during its recent conflict with India. In response, the Indian government is reviewing its diplomatic and economic relations with Turkey. According to News18 , the Modi-led administration is reassessing agreements with Turkish companies across sectors such as automobiles, information technology, metro rail, and infrastructure. According to the report, these contracts are under scrutiny and may be subject to termination.

Turkish Foreign Minister to address U.S. sanctions lift on Syria 

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan announced on Thursday, May 15, that he will discuss the recent U.S. decision to lift sanctions on Syria, as well as the path forward, during meetings with his American and Syrian counterparts. Fidan made the statement during an informal NATO foreign ministers’ gathering in Antalya, Turkey, where he is scheduled to meet U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shibani. The announcement follows a decision by U.S. President Donald Trump earlier this week to remove sanctions on Syria.

Mozambique, which discovered vast gas reserves in the deepwater Rovuma Basin in 2010, began exporting LNG last year. The country has attracted significant foreign investment in its energy sector, despite disruptions caused by militant attacks.

Another stalled LNG project in the country is expected to resume soon, following the Trump administration’s approval of a $4.7 billion loan from the US Export-Import Bank.

Khaled Salmeen, XRG’s Chief Operating Officer, highlighted the strategic importance of the deal. “We are proud and excited to be part of the responsible development of Mozambique’s world-class Rovuma Basin. Together with the Government of Mozambique and our partners, we look forward to sharing our expertise, adding value, and accelerating these developments towards their full potential LNG capacity,” he said.

XRG’s acquisition in Mozambique marks its first investment in the country, reinforcing its strategy of building a world-scale, integrated gas portfolio to meet growing global energy demand. The company already has LNG assets in Azerbaijan, Egypt, and the United States.

Nigeria is grappling with an acute hunger crisis exacerbated by soaring food inflation rates, which reached a staggering 41% in June 2023—the highest mark in almost three decades. A report issued by the National Bureau of Statistics indicates a doubling of households unable to afford adequate food, surging to 62.4% since 2019. Alarming statistics reveal that approximately 12.3% of families have gone without food for an entire day, while 21% are relying on assistance from friends and family. The average cost of a nutritious diet has risen by 30% recently, worsening food insecurity and undernutrition among the nation's children. President Bola Tinubu's economic policies, which involve currency devaluation and subsidy eliminations, have further inflamed food costs, inciting protests nationwide. 

Miss Universe runner-up Chidimma Adetshina to relocate to Nigeria

Chidimma Adetshina, a 23-year-old runner-up in the Miss Universe pageant, is considering relocating back to Nigeria due to a citizenship dispute in South Africa. This dispute arises from allegations surrounding her mother's use of a stolen identity, which has raised safety alarms. Adetshina, who was crowned Miss Universe Nigeria and claimed second position globally, finds herself uncertain about her future in South Africa. With roots in Soweto and a Nigerian father, she aims to resolve her legal challenges while pursuing her law studies and bridging connections between Nigeria and South Africa.  

Investments in genomic research 

Nigeria is bolstering its genomic research capabilities with fresh investments, particularly from DemyHealth—a healthcare technology firm dedicated to precision medicine. This week marked the launch of a 16-channel genetic sequencer and a new DNA sequencing facility in Abuja, complemented by two branches in Lagos. The company also intends to extend its services to underserved communities, aiming to enhance educational and scientific progress in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa. 

Over 6 million Nigerians currently displaced

Aliyu Tijani, Nigeria's Federal Commissioner for Refugees, disclosed that more than 6.1 million Nigerians are currently displaced due to natural disasters and security issues. During a Technical Working Group on Migration and Development held in Abuja, he outlined plans for collaboration with the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to refine the National Migration Policy, aimed at curtailing irregular migration. The review process is inclusive of various thematic groups to ensure a comprehensive address of migration dynamics and national priorities. The government stresses the importance of skill acquisition initiatives to facilitate the resettlement of displaced individuals. 

Petrol price surge forces switch to compressed natural gas 

Nigerians are making a shift towards converting their vehicles to operate on compressed natural gas (CNG), driven by an explosive fivefold increase in petrol prices following the withdrawal of fuel subsidies. CNG is notably cheaper and more environmentally sustainable, priced at around 230 naira ( $0.14) per litre in comparison to petrol. The Nigerian government is proactively endorsing the adoption of CNG to enhance energy security, decrease transportation costs, and minimise carbon emissions, targeting the conversion of 1 million vehicles by 2027, which includes an ambitious aim of 100,000 commercial vehicles by the close of 2024. 

Sarker noted that Petrobangla has already shared its recommendations with the Energy and Mineral Resources Division.

“We do hope that the division will soon take its final decision in this regard,” Sarker told reporters, highlighting the importance placed on industrial sectors when allocating gas resources to support economic priorities.

This decision follows a policy introduced under ousted prime minister Sheikh Hasina’s government in April, which restricted new electricity and gas supplies to factories built outside of government-designated economic zones or industrial enclaves.

The policy aimed to concentrate industrial growth in specified areas to streamline resource management and support regional planning.

Hasina also encouraged industrialists to self-fund energy production rather than rely on government subsidies , creating a pathway toward energy independence for industries. This approach aimed to reduce pressure on the national grid and ensure that resources reached critical sectors.

As of recent data , about 85% of the population has access to electricity, a substantial increase from just 20% in 2000. Despite these improvements, the country has experienced significant blackouts in recent years due to issues like natural gas shortages and infrastructure problems.

Colombia is taking significant strides toward a low-carbon economy by seeking US$40 billion in investments aimed at ceasing fossil fuel extraction. President Gustavo Petro has implemented a halt to new oil, coal, and gas exploration, reinforcing the nation’s commitment to combat climate change. Environment Minister Susana Muhamad unveiled an investment portfolio during an international forum, outlining projects from seven ministries that target achieving net-zero greenhouse emissions by 2050. This initiative, while controversial due to the reliance on oil and gas for 52% of exports, is grounded in the fact that Colombia already generates 75% of its electricity from renewable sources, eclipsing the global average. The Star reports that the World Bank has also expressed interest in aiding Colombia’s hydrogen production initiatives, leveraging its renewable energy resources.

Repatriation from Lebanon

Over 100 Colombians were safely repatriated from Lebanon via a humanitarian flight, facilitating a collaborative effort between the Colombian government and various local and international agencies. India Today reports that this vital initiative showcases the importance of international cooperation during crises, offering relief to those affected by recent regional events.

Biological diversity

From November 21 to December 1, Colombia will host a pivotal Biodiversity Summit in Cali, marking the first Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity since the Kunming-Montreal Global Framework was adopted in 2022. Under the leadership of President Gustavo Petro, the Colombian government will present an updated Biodiversity Action Plan aimed at countering the global loss of biological diversity. The plan sets forth three strategic goals: restoring five million hectares of ecological sites, implementing conservation strategies for 34% of national territory, and allocating between 0.8% and 3% of GDP to support biodiversity economic models. This initiative underscores Colombia's dedication to environmental preservation, categorising it as a fundamental priority in the National Development Plan, Radio HC reports.

Telecommunications

The Colombian telecoms industry is experiencing growth that surpasses the overall economy, as reported by BNamericas on October 4, 2024. This expansion reflects a broader trend, impacting over 31,000 projects and involving 39,000 global companies throughout Latin America. Subscribers to BNamericas benefit from comprehensive analyses, reports, and news available in a multitude of languages.

Natural gas discovery

Ecopetrol SA has announced the discovery of a substantial offshore natural gas deposit in the Papayuela well, which has the potential to yield up to 800 million cubic feet of gas per day. This discovery could satisfy up to 80% of Colombia’s current gas demand, according to RigZone . Although the well, located in the Tayrona block, is still in the preliminary stages and may take 5 to 7 years before it reaches productivity, it addresses impending concerns regarding a forecasted natural gas shortfall anticipated next year. In response, Ecopetrol plans to repurpose Colombia’s Central Oil Pipeline to facilitate gas transport, creating a vital distribution alternative from the Caribbean coast to the interior.

Uzbekistan President Shavkat Mirziyoyev and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) President Jin Liqun met to discuss expanding strategic cooperation between Uzbekistan and the AIIB. They solidified their collaboration with the signing of a $4 billion Cooperation Roadmap. The meeting also proposed drafting a long-term Strategic Partnership Programme for infrastructure development until 2030, focusing on public-private partnerships and poverty alleviation strategies.

Importation of natural gas totalling $1.15 billion

The energy sector in Uzbekistan is witnessing transformative growth, demonstrated by the surge in natural gas imports. From January to August 2023, the country imported $1.15 billion of natural gas—a nearly six-fold increase compared to the same timeframe last year, with August alone contributing $168.3 million. Additionally, gas exports have also risen, tallying up to $404.8 million, marking a 7.1% increase over the previous year, which signifies a robust upward trend in the energy market, Daijiworld  reports.

China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway project

The China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway project aimed at enhancing connectivity across Central Asia is scheduled for completion within five years. Spanning over 450 km, the railway project, predominantly funded by China is estimated to cost $1.34 billion, Azer News reports. This initiative is a critical segment of the New Silk Road transport corridor, integrating Central Asian nations into the wider European railway network and supporting regional economic integration, with total investments in related projects anticipated to reach approximately $8 billion.

Qatar, Uzbekistan review bilateral ties

During the 9th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) in Samarkand, southeastern Uzbekistan, President Mirziyoyev engaged in discussions with Qatar's Finance Minister Ali bin Ahmed Al Kuwari on strategies for enhancing bilateral economic and trade relations between both nations. According to the Peninsular Qatar , the discussion also emphasised the role of resilient infrastructure in achieving global developmental objectives.

Bangladesh seeks market access for goods in Uzbekistan

Bangladesh's Economic Relations Division (ERD) Secretary, Md Shahriar Kader Siddiky in a bilateral meeting, advocated for better market access for Bangladeshi goods in Uzbekistan, highlighting sectors like ready-made garments, pharmaceuticals, and jute yarn. This dialogue, set against the backdrop of rich historical ties, focused on expediting bilateral agreements, direct flight operations, and visa process simplification—all aimed at facilitating improved business and tourism relations. Uzbekistan Minister of Investment, Industry and Trade Laziz Kudratov expressed the Uzbek government’s commitment to economic engagement with Bangladesh, underscoring the potential for dynamic trade relations between these two nations, local media BSS News reports.

Ethiopia has discovered 21.3 billion cubic metres of natural gas reserves in the Ogaden region, the eastern portion of Ethiopia and borders Somalia. according to Ethiopian State Minister of Mines, Milion Matheos. The reserves are located in six locations, including Ogaden, Mekele, Metema, South Omo, and Gambella. The country has a $4 billion natural gas production deal with Djibouti and China, but the reserves remain undeveloped, APA News reports.

Foreign banks allowed to set up subsidiaries

Ethiopia has approved a move to liberalise its economy, allowing foreign banks to establish local subsidiaries and foreigners to acquire shares in domestic lenders. The move is part of a broader government plan to open up Ethiopia to foreign investment across various sectors, including banking, telecoms, transportation, and aviation. The draft law requires lawmakers to pass, and foreign bank subsidiaries must include local resident non-shareholder Ethiopians on their boards of directors. The central bank declared in May of last year that it would grant foreign investors five banking licenses in a span of five years, Reuters reports.

Summer voluntarism

Ethiopian government officials are launching a Summer Voluntarism Service to benefit over 50 million Ethiopians.  The campaign, titled "Benevolence and Unity for Ethiopia's Ascendance," aims to promote unity and progress through community service. According to the Ethiopian News Agency , 39 million volunteers are expected to partake in the services which will cover essential businesses like food delivery, education, health support, and tree planting.  "People will engage in these services not through coercion but by their own volition, a testament to the Ethiopian spirit of compassion," Ethiopia’s Women and Social Affairs State Minister Muna Ahmed said.

Coffee farmers cultivate high-yielding varieties

West Guji Zone farmers in Oromia, the largest regional state in Ethiopia are focusing on higher-yielding coffee varieties, according to Oromia Region Administrator Adula Hirbaye. The new coffee varieties, which can yield 12 quintals per hectare, are being replaced by older ones after rigorous training. The region contributes 28% of national coffee supplies and has prepared 2.6 billion coffee nurseries for this year, according to the Ethiopian News Agency . The Oromia region is also preparing 350,000 hectares of land for coffee plantations.

Candidacy to host the Africa Cup of Nations

Ethiopia developed a comprehensive roadmap for its candidacy to host the Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) football tournament, according to Ethiopia's Minister of Culture and Sports, Kejela Merdasa, who announced the finalisation of the football stadium and other construction sites in line with Confederation of African Football (CAF) standards. The Merdasa revealed that the country plans to build a cultural centre to showcase Ethiopia's diverse stories and cultures and incorporate knowledge from other countries to create a unique facility.

Lucapa's newly appointed chairperson, Stuart Brown, hails Angola as the foremost diamond exploration target. He highlights the country's potential for major new diamond deposits and its favourable environment for foreign investment. According to Mining Weekly , the company's focus also extends to Australia and Lesotho, with divestment efforts for the Mothae diamond mine underway. Lucapa remains committed to discovering primary kimberlite sources in Angola. Brown emphasises the company's dedication to its kimberlite exploration program and the potential for significant discoveries.

$421.3 million road project

Angola is investing $421.3 million in a road development programme with funding from Africa Finance Corporation, Standard Chartered Bank, Export-Import Bank of the US, and US Private Export Funding Corporation. Conduril will serve as the primary EPC contractor, with Acrow providing the bridges. In addition to new road construction, the project will include maintenance and resurfacing works. This initiative aims to bolster Angola's economy. According to World Highways , although the capital city, Luanda, is well-developed, much of Angola struggles with inadequate transport connectivity.

Natural gas industry

Angola is driving its natural gas industry forward, with plans to develop gas fields and increase LNG production. President João Lourenço is committed to strengthening Angola's oil and gas sector and expanding its LNG exports. The country is also improving its natural gas projects, and aiming to diversify its stake in the industry. Angola's progress in the LNG sector offers a pathway toward a just energy transition and a boost to local economies across the continent. According to Social News XYZ , the African Energy Chamber has been particularly pleased to see Angola driving its natural gas industry forward.

Solo Creed found in Angola

The tugboat 'Solo Creed' resurfaced in Angola after being involved in a $23 million oil spill in Tobago on February 7, 2024. The tugboat was detained by the Angolan Navy for violating the security perimeter of oil extraction blocks 17 and 18. The government of Trinidad and Tobago is attempting to verify the location of the tugboat, which has not been seen since turning off its location transponder in February. In a report filed by Bellingcat , the tugboat's claimed current owner denies that it was seized and states that the barge has no insurance to help with the oil spill. The cleanup cost of the oil spill is estimated at $23.5 million, and no insurer has been identified for the tugboat and barge.

Road to a polio-free nation

Angola aims to vaccinate over 5 million children to ensure a polio-free nation, with a focus on vulnerable populations such as refugees. The vaccination campaign, supported by the Ministry of Health and partners, is crucial in protecting children from the threat of polio, which has resurfaced in environmental samples and susceptible children in the country. WHO suggests the initiative demonstrates Angola's commitment to promoting child health and resilience in vulnerable communities.

There's a unique opportunity for oil and gas-producing nations in Africa to transition towards a more sustainable energy future, according to Energy Expert Joshua Narh has said.

The Executive Chairman of the Energy Chamber of Ghana and the Project Mentor for the African Energy and Minerals Management Initiative emphasized the diversification of African economies through oil and gas revenues.

"Many African countries heavily reliant on oil and gas revenue are likely to diversify their economies to reduce vulnerability to commodity price fluctuations. This could involve investing in renewable energy sources, agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors." "Oil and gas will likely remain significant contributors to many African economies in the foreseeable future. New discoveries and technological advancements in exploration and production techniques may lead to increased oil and gas output in some regions," he said.

McKinsey estimates a significant increase in energy demand by 2040, presenting both challenges and opportunities for the African continent

McKinsey Insights indicated that the ongoing conflict in Ukraine could spur increased demand for oil and gas from African countries equipped with the requisite infrastructure and reserves. The conflict, which has driven up European gas prices over the past year, prompted the European Commission to propose that Europe achieve self-reliance in renewable energy and diversify the sources of its natural gas supply by 2030. This can lead to heightened demand for Africa’s oil and gas.

The Society of Petroleum Engineers also predicts that the future of oil and gas in Africa will surpass its current state. "Africa will experience the second-largest growth in gas supply by 2050, with the demand for natural gas projected to rise by 85% and account for 35% of Africa."

To leverage the continent’s resources and enhance energy security, Narh explained that "African countries may increasingly collaborate on regional energy projects, such as cross-border pipelines and liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals."

"Adequate infrastructure, including pipelines, ports, and refineries, will be essential for the growth of Africa's oil and gas industry. Governments and private investors may need to collaborate to develop infrastructure projects that facilitate the efficient transportation and processing of hydrocarbons," he added.

Despite testing limitations, the well's estimated production capacity ranges between 80 million to 100 million standard cubic feet per day, along with over 2,000 barrels of condensate, according to Mubadala Energy.

Mansoor Mohammed Al Hamed, CEO of Mubadala Energy, while highlighting the potential impact of this discovery said “When added to our recent success at Layaran-1, this game-changing discovery promises to transform Indonesia’s and Southeast Asia’s energy landscape and demonstrates that South Andaman is one of the world’s most exciting energy plays.”

“By working with partners and harnessing our world-class technical capabilities, I am confident we can realise the full potential of this block,” he added.

This marks the second deep-water well operated by Mubadala Energy following last year’s major discovery at the Layaran-1 well , also situated in South Andaman, Indonesia.

One of Southeast Asia's largest economies, Indonesia holds significant natural gas reserves . As of 2021, the country reported natural gas reserves of 49.74 trillion cubic feet, although this marks a decline from 92.5 trillion cubic feet in 2002.

In 2024, Indonesia ranks 23rd globally in proven natural gas reserves, ahead of other Asian nations like India, Malaysia, and Vietnam.

Nigeria has retained its position as the largest oil producer in Africa, the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) indicated.

Ghana, Mozambique, Equatorial Guinea, Tanzania, Algeria, Libya, and South Africa are also significant contributors to Africa's oil and gas sector, according to Narh. Each of these countries has unique reserves and investment opportunities.

Narh added that Namibia has recently captured attention due to the discovery of resources such as the Kudu Gas Field and Osprey Oil Field.

According to World Oil , the Kudu offshore field has proven reserves of around 1.3 trillion cubic feet of gas. However, due to recent findings of hydrocarbons, Namibia's potential natural gas reserves in the Orange Basin could increase significantly, primarily due to the associated gas uncovered in these recent discoveries.

These discoveries according to Narh "indicate the existence of substantial hydrocarbon reserves. If managed prudently, they have the potential to drive economic expansion, generate employment opportunities, and foster technological progress," he told Global South World.

International media Reuters reported that Africa holds around 13% of the world's natural gas and 7% of its oil but has the world's lowest per capita energy use.

In the foreseeable future, Africa will require oil and gas to address its energy access deficits, yet there are obstacles to overcome. According to a 2022 study by McKinsey Insights , numerous African economies are heavily dependent on income generated from oil and gas. However, extracting oil in Africa typically involves higher costs and greater environmental consequences than other geographical areas.

With energy demand in Africa outpacing available supply, Narh explained that Africa is making efforts towards developing its oil and gas sector through investments and policies which are going in the right direction.

"Africa's oil and gas sector has been experiencing increasing investment from both domestic and foreign companies. Many African governments have been implementing policies to attract investment and promote exploration and production activities," Narh said.

"Additionally, technological advancements have made it possible to explore and develop oil and gas reserves in previously inaccessible areas, further expanding the sector's potential in Africa," he added.

Despite the efforts by African governments to make full use of the oil and gas sector, Narh indicated that "the potential of Africa's oil and gas sector also comes with challenges. These challenges include political instability, regulatory uncertainties, infrastructure deficits, environmental concerns, and fluctuating oil prices."

"Addressing these challenges effectively will be crucial for unlocking the full potential of the sector and ensuring sustainable development," Narh remarked.

Minister of Hydrocarbons Bruno Jean Richard Itoua who was at the launch said the project which is the first of its kind in the hydrocarbon sector will not only turn the country’s energy history but promote wealth creation, employment, and economic growth in the country.

The project was spearheaded by Italian Energy company ENI Group, with an investment of 5 billion dollars, implementation of new infrastructure, and optimization of existing ones but was done in partnership with the Congo Petroleum Company.

CEO of ENI Group Claudio Descalzi noted that gas which represents the future will significantly impact the country’s fortunes.

“Today we come together to celebrate the history built over years of work and investment. Congo and ENI began developing gas several years ago, transformed into sustainable electrical energy for its population and its industry,” he said. For the first time, we have succeeded in launching the exploitation of liquefied natural gas from the Congolese coast thanks to innovative technologies used for the first time in Africa. As ENI, we believed in the development of gas in the early 2000s when no one was yet thinking, researching, or developing. A long story but not always simple, made of negotiations and investments but at the base a continuous collaboration with our partners and especially with Congolese institutions,” he was quoted by local news outlet Vox .

“Whether it concerns operation and production or projects linked to the development of the power plant and the electricity network, President Denis Sassou N'Guesso believed, because he had a clear vision that gas represented the future and development of the country with a particularly significant impact on the social fabric,” he continued.

The development places Congo among the ranks of liquified natural gas (LNG)-producing countries globally.

Meanwhile, ENI Group CEO Descalzi has noted that the first cargo ship loaded with LNG will move to the Italian regasification plant in the Tuscan town of Piombino in the coming days.

However, Algeria managed to sustain its role as a key supplier of gas in the Spanish market, Algerie Focus reported.

In the Spanish gas market, Algeria surpassed major competitors like the United States and Russia. Algeria exported 94.9 terawatt hours (TWh) of natural gas through the Medgaz pipeline in 2023, solidifying its leadership position.

The United States maintained its standing as the second-largest gas supplier to Spain, claiming a 21.1% market share, while Russia increased its gas exports to Spain, securing an 18.3% market share.

Data from Spanish gas network operator Enagás further indicates that the country’s imports of natural gas and liquefied gas experienced a significant decline in 2023, dropping from 446.6 TWh in 2022 to 398.0 TWh in 2023. This overall decrease was attributed to reduced demand, shifts in the energy mix, and environmental considerations.

Speaking on the discovery, Zhemu Soda, Zimbabwe’s minister of mines and mining development, described the discovery as a “significant additional gas discovery” confirming the country's incredible potential as one of the world's largest future producers of gas, local media The Chronicle reported.

This follows an earlier announcement on December 7 made by the government of Zimbabwe, Invictus Energy, and its investors, Geo Associates on the discovery of substantial moveable hydrocarbons in northern Zimbabwe.

“Zimbabweans and the international community will recall that exactly a week ago, on December 7, 2023, Government announced that Geo Associates and its partners Invictus Energy and One Gas Resources had declared a gas discovery through the ongoing exploration activities in Muzarabani,” Soda said.

"Today, Government would want to announce that the Investors have just recently made a significant additional gas discovery from ongoing drilling in the Mukuyu -2 well,” he added.

Speaking on the discovery, Invictus Energy Managing Director, Scott McMillan said a total of 11 hydrocarbon samples were recovered to the surface from both Mukuyu-2's Lower Angwa and additional Upper Angwa geological zones of the exploration well, bringing the initial net estimates of the available resource to 34.9 Tc from 20 trillion cubic feet, as reported by local media The Chronicle .

Minister Soda explained that the condensate gas discovery marks a substantial breakthrough in hydrocarbon exploration and stands as one of the most noteworthy developments in the onshore oil and gas sector in Southern Africa. The gas discovery opens up limitless economic possibilities for Zimbabwe, including enhanced energy stability, increased export revenues, job creation, and an alternative stream of government income among other benefits.

The CEO of Pura, Charles Sangweni said the imminent unitization agreement between the two countries is triggered by the overlapping geographical locations of the gas reserves .

“In order to implement this, we have been in contact with our colleagues through the ministry of foreign affairs and our ministry (the ministry of Energy), so that we can now enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that will bring cooperation on many things, including entering into a unitization agreement,” Mr Sangweni is quoted to have said in the report.

The collaboration is expected to leverage the gas infrastructure of both nations to facilitate transmission. As a buildup to ensuring successful transmission, the two nations have formed a team of expert to work together and finalize the agreement .

“In order to implement this, we have been in contact with our colleagues through the ministry of foreign affairs and our ministry (the ministry of Energy), so that we can now enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that will bring cooperation on many things, including entering into a unitization agreement,” Mr Sangweni added.

According to Biteko, “the project will increase the demand for natural gas and boost gas extraction in Tanzania’s Lindi and Mtwara regions.”

“Investors should come and invest in the natural gas sector…gas processing has reached 250 million cubic feet per day, with 80% used for electricity generation and 20% for industrial, household, and transportation use,” he added.

Biteko said although Tanzania has discovered large quantities of natural gas estimated at 57.54 trillion cubic feet, the government is continuing its exploration for more sources in the deep sea, Mnazi Bay North, Songosongo, and others.

Nankabirwa, at the signing ceremony, commended the effort of the two nations to boost energy security and employment, and their long-standing history of collaboration particularly in the energy sector.

The pipeline, on completion, will transport natural gas from the southern regions of Tanzania to Uganda.