Unemployment across East Asia and the Pacific remains relatively moderate overall, but sharp disparities between smaller island economies and larger regional players are becoming increasingly visible, according to the latest World Bank data.

A visual ranking of unemployment rates highlights French Polynesia and New Caledonia as the hardest-hit labour markets in the region, with jobless rates of 11.7% and 11.2% respectively. These figures stand in stark contrast to the broader regional average of around 3.8%, underscoring uneven economic recovery and structural challenges.

The World Bank’s World Development Indicators show that most East Asian economies continue to maintain comparatively low unemployment levels by global standards, reflecting strong labour absorption in manufacturing, services, and informal sectors.

Smaller Pacific economies dominate the upper end of the unemployment rankings. Guam (5.6%), Fiji (5.3%), and Vanuatu (5.1%) all report rates well above the regional average, pointing to limited job diversification and heavy reliance on tourism and public sector employment.

“These economies are structurally more vulnerable to shocks,” the World Bank notes in its labour market datasets, particularly due to geographic isolation and narrow economic bases.

Among larger economies, China reported an unemployment rate of 4.6%, while Australia stood at 4.1% and Malaysia at 3.8%, broadly in line with or slightly above the regional average. Indonesia and Myanmar recorded lower rates of 3.2% and 3.0%, respectively.

New Zealand, despite being a high-income economy, posted a relatively elevated rate of 5.1%, reflecting tighter labour market conditions amid economic adjustments.

While overall unemployment appears contained, youth unemployment continues to present a more complex challenge. The World Bank estimates youth joblessness in developing East Asia and the Pacific at just over 13% in 2025, significantly higher than the general population rate.

This gap suggests persistent barriers to entry for young workers, including skills mismatches and limited access to formal employment opportunities.

Youth unemployment across the European Union edged higher in February 2026, with stark disparities between member states highlighting persistent structural divides in the bloc’s labour market, according to data from Eurostat and national analyses.

Across the EU, the youth unemployment rate, measuring those under 25 actively seeking work, rose to 15.3% in February, up slightly from 15.2% in January, with nearly 3 million young people unemployed.

While the overall EU unemployment rate remained comparatively stable at 5.9% , the data underscores a continuing imbalance affecting younger workers, whose jobless rate remains more than double that of the general population.

Romania tops youth unemployment rankings

Romania recorded the highest youth unemployment rate among EU countries, reaching approximately 28.2% , according to Eurostat-aligned datasets for early 2026.

The figure reinforces a longer-term trend identified by Romania Insider , which reported that Romania had already become the EU’s worst performer for youth unemployment, with rates above 26% in 2024, surpassing traditionally high-unemployment countries such as Spain and Greece.

Despite relatively low overall unemployment levels in Romania, way below the EU average, the youth segment continues to lag significantly, pointing to deeper structural issues in education , skills matching, and labour market integration.

Analysts cited by Romania Insider have previously linked the trend to high levels of young people not in employment, education or training (NEET), alongside employer reluctance to hire inexperienced workers and gaps between academic training and market needs.

Southern and Nordic economies remain under pressure

Other countries with elevated youth unemployment include Spain (23.8%), Sweden (23.2%), and Finland (23.1%), reflecting ongoing labour market pressures across both southern and parts of northern Europe.

France, Luxembourg, Belgium and Portugal also reported rates between roughly 18% and 21%, signalling that youth employment challenges extend beyond traditionally weaker economies.

At the other end of the spectrum, Germany recorded one of the lowest youth unemployment rates at 7.4% , followed by the Netherlands (around 9%) and Czechia (10.5%), according to Eurostat data.

Central and eastern European countries such as Poland and Slovenia also maintained relatively lower levels, generally close to or just above 11%.

Economists attribute these stronger outcomes to robust vocational training systems, tighter labour markets, and smoother school-to-work transitions.

The February data highlights a persistent structural divide within the EU, where youth unemployment remains uneven despite broadly stable macroeconomic conditions.

Eurostat estimates show that youth unemployment increased modestly month-on-month in early 2026, even as total unemployment declined slightly year-on-year, suggesting that younger workers are more vulnerable to economic shifts and slower to benefit from recovery cycles.

While much of the world marks International Workers’ Day on May 1, several major economies do not observe the date as a nationwide public holiday.

Countries including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and Japan do not officially celebrate Labour Day on May 1, according to data compiled from Office Holidays.

Instead, many of these nations recognise workers on alternative dates. The United States and Canada observe Labour Day on the first Monday in September , a shift that dates back to the late 19th century when governments sought to distance the holiday from socialist and labour movements associated with May Day.

The United Kingdom and Ireland mark a bank holiday on the first Monday of May, rather than May 1 itself.

Global norm with notable exceptions

May 1 is recognised as a public holiday in more than 150 countries worldwide, making it one of the most widely observed international holidays, according to Office Holidays. The date commemorates the Haymarket affair of 1886 in Chicago, a pivotal event in the global labour movement advocating for an eight-hour workday.

Across Europe, Africa, Latin America and much of Asia, May Day is typically marked by public holidays , rallies and demonstrations celebrating workers’ rights.

The map also highlights countries where May 1 is only partially observed. In nations such as Switzerland, India, South Korea and Taiwan, the holiday may apply only to certain regions, industries or worker groups, rather than being a universal public holiday.

This fragmented approach reflects differences in labour laws, economic structures and political traditions. In India, for example, Labour Day is recognised in several states but not uniformly nationwide. Similarly, Switzerland observes the day in some cantons, while others treat it as a normal working day.

The divergence in Labour Day observance is deeply rooted in history. In Western countries like the United States, shifting the holiday to September was seen as a way to separate it from radical political movements. In contrast, many countries embraced May 1 as a symbol of worker solidarity and social progress.

It focuses on offshore gas exploration, particularly in the Deltana Platform and the Loran gas field, key areas in Venezuela’s northeastern energy reserves.

Speaking at the ceremony, Rodríguez described BP’s return as a signal of the kind of international partnerships Venezuela aims to rebuild. She said the government is pursuing “relations of respect” and cooperation based on shared benefits, adding that the deal forms part of a broader energy agenda designed to support economic recovery and job creation.