The imbalance is especially stark in Southeast Asia, one of the world’s fastest-growing energy markets .

Worse off in Southeast Asia

Although the subregion accounts for roughly half of global energy consumption growth, it attracted just 2% of global clean energy investment in 2023, Malaysia’s Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim said at the Energy Asia 2025 conference in Kuala Lumpur.

Over the past decade, Southeast Asia’s overall energy demand has increased by more than 35%, while electricity demand has risen by over 60%. Electricity access rates improved by 12%, reflecting rapid urbanisation, industrial expansion and rising incomes.

Investment trends, however, show continued reliance on fossil fuels. They accounted for 60% of total energy investment in the past decade. Coal alone attracted $110 billion since 2015, expanding its share of the regional energy mix from 20% to 30%.

The International Renewable Energy Agency estimates Southeast Asia needs average annual investment of $210 billion to meet its net-zero targets. Achieving the 1.5°C climate goal would require an additional $2 trillion in annual public and private investment by 2030 across emerging and developing economies.

Not a lost cause

Still, there are remaining bright spots for Southeast Asia’s prospects of clean energy. 

Clean energy investment in Southeast Asia rose to $47 billion in 2025 from $30 billion in 2015. Yet financing constraints remain. More than 75% of clean energy projects rely on commercial finance, rising above 85% in clean power, fuels and battery storage.

By contrast, grid infrastructure, storage and transmission depend heavily on public funding, which accounts for around 40% of capital.

“Despite wide disparities in economic development, resource endowments and market maturity, energy security is a common priority for the region,” the Paris-based International Energy Agency said in a report. 

At the conference, Tengku Muhammad Taufik, president and group chief executive of Petronas, called for “region-specific strategies” and stronger cross-border cooperation to build resilient energy systems.

Southeast Asia is also strengthening its position in clean energy supply chains. In 2023, Viet Nam, Thailand and Malaysia ranked among the world’s largest solar photovoltaic manufacturers after China, reinforcing the region’s growing role in global panel production.

With its scale and growth trajectory, Asia “stands at the forefront of a transformative shift in energy landscapes,” the Global Energy Alliance said. Whether that momentum translates into concrete commitments at the 31st UN Climate Change Conference in November remains uncertain.

“Whilst carbon trading has been under implementation in Zimbabwe over the past two decades, urban local authorities have largely not been participating owing to limited awareness and capacity,” she is quoted by the Herald Online .

Ndlovu said climate change impacts were worsening, making it urgent for government institutions to integrate climate action into planning and budgets. She cited the National Development Strategy 2 (NDS2), launched on November 27, 2025, which calls for mitigation and adaptation across sectors, including energy, transport, industry, waste, agriculture and disaster management.

“Our urban environs have vast potential to supply the global carbon market with high integrity carbon credits and in turn benefit us in terms of low carbon development, infrastructure improvement and enhanced revenue inflows,” she said.

She said potential projects include methane capture from engineered landfills to generate electricity, producing biochar from sewage for agriculture, and waste-to-energy initiatives.

The Indonesian government has announced a total ban on the import of rice, table sugar, and corn starting in 2026, citing rising domestic production and a push toward national food self-sufficiency. Senior official at the Coordinating Ministry for Food Affairs, Tatang Yuliono, said the decision follows a review of the 2026 National Commodity Balance, which shows the country has achieved self-reliance in these key staples for household consumption. Agriculture Minister Andi Amran Sulaiman said the policy was directed by President Prabowo Subianto to protect local farmers and breeders. The ban also includes industrial-grade rice imports, aimed at forcing businesses to source raw materials locally. The government projects table sugar production of 3 million tonnes and corn output of 18 million tonnes in 2026, both exceeding national demand, providing a buffer for price stability and food security.

Prabowo orders faster recovery of schools and hospitals after Sumatra disasters

Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto has instructed his cabinet to prioritise the restoration of schools, hospitals, and community health centres damaged by flash floods and landslides in Aceh, North Sumatra, and West Sumatra. Speaking during a limited meeting in Aceh Tamiang, he also urged officials to accelerate the construction of shelters for evacuees. The disasters, which struck on November 25, 2025, killed more than a thousand people and caused widespread destruction of homes and public infrastructure. Cabinet Secretary Teddy Indra Wijaya said that as of December 29, 87 affected hospitals have resumed operations, while most of the 867 damaged community health centres are functional, with eight still unable to operate normally. Efforts are also ongoing to clean and restore schools, with support from military personnel.

Alert level raised for Mount Bur Ni Telong volcano in Aceh

Indonesian authorities have raised the alert level for Mount Bur Ni Telong in Aceh to the second-highest level following increased seismic activity. Acting head of the Geological Agency, Lana Saria, said the volcano recorded multiple shallow and deep volcanic earthquakes, alongside tectonic quakes, prompting scientists to raise the alert on December 31. She warned of possible phreatic eruptions and dangerous volcanic gases near fumarole and solfatara zones. Residents and visitors have been advised to stay at least four kilometres away from the crater. The heightened alert comes as the region continues to recover from recent floods and landslides that killed more than 1,100 people across Sumatra.

Expansion of renewable energy investment in Indonesia

Abu Dhabi-based clean energy company Masdar has pledged to increase its investment in Indonesia’s renewable energy sector. The commitment was conveyed during a meeting in Abu Dhabi between Deputy Speaker of the People’s Consultative Assembly Eddy Soeparno and senior Masdar executives on December 27. Eddy said Indonesia, under President Prabowo Subianto, is accelerating its energy transition to achieve energy sovereignty while maintaining environmental sustainability. Masdar, already a key investor in the Cirata Floating Solar Power Plant in West Java, expressed support for Indonesia’s ambition to reach 100 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity. Indonesian lawmakers said several bills, including the Renewable Energy Bill and Climate Change Management Bill, are being prioritised to support the transition.

Indonesia records zero terrorist attacks in 2025

Indonesia has recorded zero terrorist attacks throughout 2025, marking the third consecutive year without an attack, according to the National Police. Criminal Investigation Agency chief Syahardiantono said the achievement was driven by proactive operations by the counterterrorism unit Densus 88. Police arrested 51 terror-related suspects in 2025, down from previous years, and foiled four planned attacks by the Jamaah Anshor Daulah group. Authorities also uncovered online radicalisation targeting children, affecting 110 minors across 23 provinces. During the Christmas and New Year security operation, seven additional suspects were arrested, while police said they intervened in cases involving children exposed to violent far-right ideologies.

“We reached 15.5 billion euros in pledges for investment in renewables in Africa, a big success,” she said, thanking contributors to the fundraising effort.

Von der Leyen stressed the urgent need to correct the global imbalance in clean energy investment. “Of the two trillion invested globally in clean energy last year, only two percent was in Africa,” she noted. “Yet Africa has 600 million people without access to electricity and holds 60 percent of the world ’s best solar potential. So this cannot be. We must change this imbalance.”

The Global Gateway programme, developed in partnership with Global Citizen and supported by the International Energy Agency, aims to mobilise public and private capital to expand renewable energy projects, improve electricity access, and support climate-resilient, low-carbon industrial development across the continent.

EU officials say the initiative seeks not only to tackle urgent energy gaps but also to help accelerate the global transition away from fossil fuels.

The alliance collaborates with both public and private partners to finance renewable energy initiatives across the African continent. Woochong Um, CEO of GEAPP, noted that with aid budgets under pressure, there is a growing need for new models capable of delivering development at scale.

“With aid budgets under pressure, we need new models to deliver development at scale”.

Africa is home to 600 million people without access to electricity, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) . Despite abundant renewable resources, from solar and wind to hydro and geothermal, investment has lagged due to high financing costs, limited affordable capital, and fragmented infrastructure.

GEAPP’s latest report highlights that addressing both supply and demand in planning is key to building a robust green economy. Analysts say the $4.2 billion mobilisation, alongside a broader $100 billion green investment pledge secured by African nations at the 2025 Africa Climate Summit in Addis Ababa, could be a turning point for the continent’s energy transition.

This development positions Africa to not only tackle its urgent development needs but also to play a central role in the global fight against climate change, and help the continent leapfrog into a renewable-powered future and sustainability.

With another referendum off the table for at least two years, questions now turn to what role nuclear power could play in import-dependent Taiwan, an island still grappling with the threat of a Chinese blockade.

For nuclear energy researcher Suleyman Turkes, the way forward lies in international partnerships.

“The way forward for Taiwan should start with cooperation, agreements on SMR (small modular reactor) technology, and Generation III reactors with big international companies, like the United States, France, South Korea, and Japan,” said Turkes, who studies nuclear energy and energy policies at Turkey’s Academic Research Institute (Akademik Araştırma Enstitüsü).

“This partnership will bring not only reactors, but also the transfer of safety culture and operational standards,” he told Global South World . 

Turkes outlined a three-step roadmap he believes could guide Taiwan’s nuclear future: first, revive decommissioned reactors; second, work with foreign partners to build new plants; and third, develop local expertise to design Taiwan’s own next-generation reactors.

He noted that jointly built facilities could be completed faster, a key advantage if Taiwan decides to quickly scale back on energy imports, which currently shoulder roughly 98% of its consumption. 

In the meantime, he suggested reviving Maanshan and other previously decommissioned reactors to serve as a “bridge” between old and new facilities for up to two more decades.

Over the longer term, Turkes said Taiwan must invest in its own academic institutions and researchers to sustain nuclear capacity.

“Taiwan must also think of its own capacity, its own nuclear know-how,” he said. “Because if you only use foreign technology, maybe you solve today's problem, but not tomorrow’s.”

“Universities should expand their nuclear program, and new research and development centres must come. Young engineers should also join international projects,” he added.

Although critics argue that nuclear power only contributes around 5% of Taiwan’s energy mix, Turkes said the impact of completely abandoning it would go far beyond that figure.

“That 5% share from nuclear will not only be replaced by fossil fuels, but it can only be replaced by imported fossil fuels. And this means Taiwan will move away from net zero, more exposed to global price change, and under more political pressure from suppliers,” he said.

“Losing nuclear is just not losing 5%. It's losing competitiveness, losing stability, losing also the credibility of climate commitments.”

While recognising Taiwan’s potential to expand renewable energy such as solar and wind, Turkes stressed that these could only operate at a supporting capacity due to storage and reliability issues.

Nuclear, he argued, can deliver the same output with far greater stability.

“The best way for Taiwan's energy security is nuclear,” he said. “Nuclear not only reduces fossil dependence, it's the backbone of the system.”

Saturday’s outcome effectively seals the phaseout of nuclear power on the island, once a cornerstone of its electricity mix, and fulfils the ruling Democratic Progressive Party’s pledge to create a “nuclear-free homeland.” 

What happens next remains uncertain. For some analysts, the strong but insufficient support for nuclear power could prompt policymakers to rethink their hardline stance.

“The result sends a very strong signal to the government that more Taiwanese people, in fact, are not in favour of the government's current stance of completely ruling out nuclear power as one of the sources of energy for Taiwan,” William Hao-Wei Yang, a Taiwanese analyst with the International Crisis Group, told Global South World .

“This result has already pushed the government to come out and positively respond to the more than 4.3 million Taiwanese people's votes,” he added. “I believe that this could lead to further reconsideration for the ruling party regarding its longstanding opposition to nuclear power.”

Turnout, more than the arguments from the anti-nuclear camp, proved decisive in the referendum. Only about a quarter of Taiwan’s nearly 20 million eligible voters cast their ballots, leading to the sub-threshold result.

Yang argues that limited public engagement stemmed from poor communication and a lack of emphasis from political leaders.

“This issue hasn't really been the defining topic that has mobilised a large number of Taiwanese people to come out and participate in voting,” he said. “Neither the opposition parties nor the ruling party has put enough emphasis on this particular topic.”

“This remains an issue that needs more public discussion and perhaps more, you know, grassroots level public education so that Taiwanese people have a broader understanding about where they might want to stand on this particular issue going forward,” he added. 

Nuclear not gone for good

Doing away with nuclear power has long been a signature promise of the Democratic Progressive Party, giving the August referendum undeniable political undertones.

“In Taiwan, relevant conversations oftentimes become too politicised, and that overshadows the necessary scientific factors and elements that should be included in the discussion and debate," Yang said.

While the outcome bolstered the party’s credibility in pursuing its “nuclear-free homeland” policy, it also exposed growing unease with its uncompromising stance, according to Yang.

“(Saturday’s) outcome means more than just their energy policy,” he said. “(It reflects the) public's discontent with the approach that the ruling party has adopted since President Lai Ching-te came to power in May 2024,” 

“I think we might in fact see a fundamental shift — or at least an adjustment — from the ruling party when it comes to their policies on energy,” he added. “It could set off a re-evaluation within the ruling party about the validity of its political slogan (nuclear-free homeland).”

After the vote, Taiwan President Lai Ching-te, a staunch opponent of nuclear power, acknowledged what he called “society’s expectations for diverse energy options.”

"If in the future, the technology becomes safer, nuclear waste is reduced, and societal acceptance increases, we will not rule out advanced nuclear energy," he told reporters on Saturday.

That tentative opening could leave a path forward for nuclear power in Taiwan, Yang noted.

“Based on the consensus and the government's positive response to the outcome, it could probably help find that path for civil society, but also Taiwan as a whole, to move forward when it comes to resolving the current dilemma that Taiwan faces when it comes to improving energy resilienc in a scientific and safe way,” the analyst said.

A path forward

Debates over nuclear power in Taiwan have largely focused on health concerns, energy security, and the economy, and arguments for nuclear power have mostly centred on restarting decades-old plants . 

Pro-nuclear groups often point to Taiwan’s reliance on imports for about 98% of its energy, a vulnerability for the world’s leading semiconductor maker. Before its shutdown, nuclear power provided about 5.3% of the island’s electricity supply.

Yang warned that without a serious policy rethink, this dependence will persist.

“Before the government really adjusts its energy policy and makes a public commitment to pursue advanced nuclear-based energy solutions, Taiwan, unfortunately, will continue to have to rely on 98% of its energy imported from abroad,” he said. 

Yang also underscored the need for a more nuanced approach to Taiwan’s energy problems.

“At this point, the majority of the Taiwanese public's understanding about different types of nuclear energy solutions remains very limited, and that is not going to help push relevant conversations forward,” he said. 

“The government will have to genuinely consider taking the initiative to organise nationwide local-level information sessions to raise public awareness about relevant issues, and then that can lead to a better-informed public and also a better-informed policymaking process.” 

While Saturday’s referendum failed to overturn the standing nuclear-free homeland policy, Yang believes it could mark the beginning of a broader discussion in Taiwan. 

“I think it will accelerate the domestic discussion, and it really sends a sense of urgency that will push politicians, both the government but also lawmakers in the parliament, to try to come together and determine a path forward for maintaining Taiwan's energy resilience and at the same time ensuring its ability to provide a stable energy supply.”

The graphic reveals substantial shifts in energy sourcing: nuclear power declined, coal dropped sharply, and wind and hydro surged.

Visualising the Shifts:

Fossil fuels vs. renewables

According to Visual Capitalist’s analysis (using Electricity Maps and IEA data), fossil fuels, encompassing oil, gas, and coal, comprised 49% of the EU's electricity in 2011. By 2021, this share fell to 36%. Meanwhile, renewables surged from 18% to 32% over the same decade.

Eurostat and IEA data reinforce the transformation. By 2022, more than half of electricity output originated from non-combustible sources, which include wind, solar, and hydro, while fossil fuels contributed just 43.9% and nuclear accounted for 21.4%.

The IEA’s World Energy Investment 2025 report highlights a major leap in renewable energy finance. In 2024, renewables generated 50% of EU electricity, compared to just over 25% from fossil sources. The investment ratio shifted dramatically; renewables received 35 times more capital than unabated fossil fuels, up from a 6:1 ratio a decade earlier.

In an assessment shared with the Cuban News Agency , specialists highlighted progress across critical sectors, including the manufacturing of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, foam and aerosol production, and the technical maintenance of refrigeration systems. These efforts are aimed at cutting emissions of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases widely used as refrigerants.

Mechanical Engineer Armando Lazaro Gomez Díaz, an OTOZ specialist and head of the Kigali Implementation Plan (KIP) Phase I project, emphasised that the current phase represents “a significant step toward fulfilling the nation’s international commitments regarding environmental preservation.”

“The success of this phase will depend on the coordinated and committed work of all parties involved,” Gomez Díaz said.

Cuba’s approach is led by the Ministry of Science , Technology, and Environment, the Office of Environmental Safety Regulation, and the OTOZ, which is attached to the Center for Information Management and Energy Development (CUBAENERGIA) of the Agency for Nuclear Energy and Advanced Technologies.

Home to nearly five million palm trees, the New Valley Governorate generates large volumes of palm frond waste annually. Authorities are now targeting this biomass as a resource for sustainable manufacturing and clean energy.

Minister Fouad noted that the Environment Ministry is actively promoting climate-conscious investment by converting waste into economic assets. A new unit has been established to link investors with green project opportunities, including bioenergy ventures.

El-Zamlout confirmed that the governorate has signed a cooperation agreement with the Arab Organisation for Industrialisation and European partners to build a €70 million factory for producing medium-density fibreboard (MDF) from palm residues.

Shredded palm fronds are also being considered as an alternative fuel source for Egypt’s cement industry, one of the country’s major greenhouse gas emitters. Officials aim to attract specialised companies to invest in processing facilities that would reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Countries across Africa and Asia are increasingly turning palm waste into a valuable resource for clean energy and industrial production.

In Malaysia, government-backed projects in collaboration with Japan are converting palm trunks into biofuel pellets and fiberboards for construction and furniture. The country also produces medium-density fibreboard (MDF) from palm shells and empty fruit bunches, meeting international export standards.

Cameroon is exploring similar waste-to-energy models , with studies highlighting the potential to repurpose over 200,000 tonnes of palm byproducts annually into fuel and fertiliser.

These efforts are part of a broader shift toward circular economy practices, where agricultural waste is transformed into renewable energy and sustainable materials, offering both environmental benefits and economic opportunity.

As reported by the Cuban news agency ACN on June 11, the United Nations Development Organisation (UNIDO) in collaboration with experts, has initiated a project aimed at decarbonising key sectors within Cuba through innovative climate solutions. UNIDO's project associate Ivette Tortosa reported that a two-million-dollar grant from the Global Environment Facility would facilitate the implementation of projects targeting the reduction of greenhouse gases, focusing on households, tourist facilities, and industries. Advocate José Antonio la Cal Herrera emphasised the role of bioenergy as a crucial tool for Cuba's energy transition, enhancing security and supply across the island.

Cuban students oppose economic dollarisation

According to AFP, Cuban students have organised a movement against the rising dollarisation within the country, triggered by an increase in mobile internet tariffs effective May 30. The new tariff structure by state telecom company Etecsa pushed rates drastically higher for Cuban peso users while favouring dollar-based top-ups. Students from various universities have initiated class boycotts and issued statements challenging the inequality that dollarisation represents. Despite government efforts to address the discontent, including dialogue forums, student opposition remains strong, indicating a significant plea for equality and policy change.

Mayor of Cuba found in ethics violation

Target 7 reports on Mayor Denny Herrera of Cuba, N.M., who was found in violation of the Government Conduct Act following an investigation by the State Ethics Commission. The probe revealed that Herrera profited illicitly from city orders directing employees to refuel at his gas station, leading to financial misconduct. Although Herrara argues that the directive predated his election, he has settled to pay $3,500 in total and was required to disclose his ownership of the station. Former Fire Chief Rick Romero's actions in filing a complaint resulted in his demotion, raising suspicions of retaliatory conduct pending legal review.

Cuban students' digital protest and economic woes

Cuban students, frustrated by increased internet service prices, have organised protests demanding both accountability and resignations from educational and governmental administrations, according to l ocal correspondence . With mobile data pricing now anchored heavily in US currency, students argue this approach magnifies existing socio-economic divides. State-run Etecsa’s President Tania Velázquez cited a dire lack of foreign currency as a reason for the hikes. Yet, students urge for a broadened discourse, questioning Cuba's increasing departure from socialist principles, and criticising the government's positioning amidst the decades-long US embargo.

Guyana redefines role of Cuban health workers

The Guyana government plans to redefine employment terms for Cuban health professionals amid broader international recruitment efforts for upcoming hospitals, according to CNW Network. Vice President Bharrat Jagdeo outlined the intent to comply with US restrictions concerning allegations of 'forced labour' within Cuba’s medical missions. The Guyana administration is actively engaging with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio's concerns by requesting evidence of malpractice, while emphasising a balance between local and foreign healthcare personnel contributions to meet growing service demand as new medical facilities launch.

The financing package includes $33.2 million from the African Development Fund and an additional $10.4 million from the Bank’s Climate Action Window, a dedicated fund assisting 37 low-income African nations in building climate-resilient infrastructure in line with the Paris Agreement.

“This project is a major step forward in Mozambique’s transition to a low-carbon energy future,” says Kevin Kariuki, the Bank Group’s Vice President for Power, Energy, Climate, and Green Growth, adding that, “It will deliver affordable electricity, support local industry, and improve livelihoods.”

The project includes the construction of two 43-kilometre, single-circuit, 66-kilovolt transmission lines , as well as critical network upgrades and equipment to ensure stable power delivery. Once operational, the system will enable thousands of new electricity connections, particularly in rural and underserved areas.

It is also expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than 71,000 tons annually and strengthen regional energy trade through the Southern African Power Pool.

“This investment strengthens the backbone of Mozambique’s power system while accelerating access to clean energy for people who need it most,” said Wale Shonibare, Director of the Bank’s Energy Financial Solutions, Policy, and Regulations Department.

The initiative forms part of the African Development Bank’s “Light Up and Power Africa” strategy and supports Mozambique’s national objective of achieving universal electrification by 2030 under its Mission 300 roadmap.

Indonesia and Japan have reinforced their partnership in renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure under the Asia Zero Emission Community (AZEC) framework, marked by the financial close of the 80-megawatt Muara Labuh Geothermal Power Plant in West Sumatra, which is set to begin construction and target commercial operations by early 2027. This was formalised during a signing ceremony in Jakarta on May 5, 2025, between Indonesia’s Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs, Airlangga Hartarto, and former Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, who serves as Japan’s special envoy to AZEC.

Chinese labour in Indonesia

As Indonesia and China mark 75 years of diplomatic relations in 2025, concerns over the growing presence of Chinese foreign workers (TKA) in Indonesia have surfaced as a major point of contention, according to experts at a seminar hosted by the Paramadina Public Policy Institute (PPPI) and the Indonesian Sinology Forum (FSI) in Jakarta on May 5. Academics and policy analysts stressed that the issue reflects broader global anxieties, also seen in regions like Africa and Latin America.

GDP growth slowest in more than three years

Indonesia's economy grew by 4.87% year-on-year in the first quarter of 2025, marking its weakest pace since Q3 2021 and slightly below analysts’ expectations of 4.91%, according to official data released on May 5. The slowdown, down from 5.02% in the previous quarter, reflects mounting economic pressures, including sluggish global trade, weaker domestic demand, and tighter fiscal conditions. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, GDP contracted by 0.98%. Despite Ramadan and Eid festivities in March, household spending—accounting for over half of GDP—rose only 4.89%, the slowest in five quarters. President Prabowo Subianto’s goal to boost growth to 8% over his term faces increasing headwinds, including potential U.S. tariffs and global economic uncertainty.

Worldcoin Crypto Project

Indonesia has suspended the Worldcoin project, an iris-scanning cryptocurrency initiative co-founded by OpenAI’s Sam Altman, amid growing concerns over personal data use. The move follows public complaints about suspicious activity, with authorities citing the need to investigate potential privacy violations. Worldcoin , launched in 2023, uses biometric scans to create a "World ID" that verifies human identity for digital transactions. While the company claims the data is encrypted and secure, similar concerns have led to scrutiny in countries like Hong Kong, Kenya, Spain, and Portugal.

100 boarding schools for low-income students

President Prabowo Subianto has confirmed plans to launch a national “people’s school” program with a boarding system aimed at supporting children from Indonesia’s lowest-income groups. In a cabinet meeting on May 5, 2025, he stated that at least 100 boarding schools will be built across various regions, with the initial rollout expected in July. The program , designed by the Ministers of Social Affairs and Education, seeks to improve educational equity and provide opportunities for children in economic deciles one and two.

According to Investopedia , Russia is the world's most resource-rich nation as it boasts an estimated $75 trillion in natural resources.

Russia leads the list due to its abundant reserves of coal, natural gas , oil, gold, timber, and rare earth metals. These resources are pivotal not only to Russia’s economy but also to global markets, especially in energy and industrial production.

The United States comes in second, with $45 trillion in natural resources, including coal, timber, natural gas, gold , and copper. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia rounds out the top three with $34 trillion, largely attributed to its vast oil reserves.

Other notable entries include:

This ranking underscores the strategic importance of natural resources in shaping global economic influence. The world's shift towards renewable energy and technological advancement means that control over critical materials such as rare earth metals may prove even more valuable than traditional fossil fuels.

Dodai’s electric bikes have gained a loyal following for their performance, with each vehicle capable of covering up to 150 kilometers (93 miles) on a single charge. While priced at around $1,800—roughly $500 more than offerings from competitors like China’s Yadea and San Polo—the bikes’ reliability and longer battery life have made them a favorite among small businesses, logistics firms, and government agencies.

One of Dodai’s key early backers was the Ethiopian Postal Service, which became an exclusive partner in 2023—before the company even opened sales to the public. The state agency remains Dodai’s largest customer to date.

“Our growth has come from staying focused on reliability and efficiency,” said Sasaki in an interaction with Rest of the World , adding that, “In Africa, regulation change, political stability, and supply chain infrastructure are ongoing challenges. Unless you are a long-term investor, you won’t be happy.”

Dodai’s edge lies in its use of lithium-ion batteries, which outperform the lead-acid batteries used by most local competitors. This choice has resonated with customers seeking longer battery life, faster charging, and overall better performance.

“We anticipate a natural market segmentation,” Sasaki explained. “Delivery riders may lean toward battery swapping, while commuters will prefer fixed batteries. Our approach will remain flexible, continuously adjusting to serve both segments effectively.”

The Ethiopian EV market has seen fresh competition this year, including Chinese e-bike giant Yadea and Transsion, the smartphone powerhouse making its move into electric mobility. But Sasaki remains unfazed.

For generations, rural households in Tunisia have used olive waste for cooking, heating, and animal feed. Now, Khelifi’s startup, Bioheat, is refining this age-old practice into a modern, scalable energy solution.

"It's very simple. Imagine producing energy and making money from waste, or as we say in Tunisia, 'kammama,'" said Khelifi. "The key is development - knowing how to turn something worthless into something valuable."

The innovative energy source has already caught the attention of business owners looking for cost-effective and eco-friendly solutions. Selim Sahli, who owns a guest house in Bouargoub, has incorporated olive waste-based logs into his heating system.

"Logs are more practical - not just from an ecological standpoint, but also financially," Sahli explained. "Wood prices have risen, and my expenses have dropped by 30% since I started using these logs. It's a much more economical option."

The company, backed by a venture affiliated with billionaires Bill Gates and Jeff Bezos, wrote to Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi’s office earlier this year, stating it “would welcome the opportunity to develop the asset.”

In the letter to the DRC government, KoBold Metals' Chief Legal Officer, Sandy Alexander, outlined a proposal to resolve ongoing disputes and accelerate the development of the Manono lithium deposit.

KoBold Metals operates across 70 projects spanning five continents. In 2023, the company invested $150 million in Zambia to explore the Copperbelt region, where it has already drilled 50,000 meters at the Mingomba mine, which is expected to become the country's largest copper mine upon completion.

The move comes as the global demand for lithium surges, driven by its crucial role in electric vehicle (EV) batteries and renewable energy technologies.

KoBold Metals recently raised $537 million in a funding round, bringing its valuation to nearly $3 billion.

As of January 2025, the United Nations reported that around 600 million Africans still lack access to electricity. The outfit further explains that this figure accounts for 80 % of the global electricity access gap.

While countries in Northern Africa, along with nations like Ghana, Gabon, and South Africa, have made progress in improving electricity access, significant challenges persist in Central Africa and the Sahel regions. For instance, Burundi and South Sudan continue to have some of the lowest levels of electricity access, according to 2022 data.

In an ironic turn of events, Africa leads the world in terms of renewable energy share. The region boasts 55.5% of the global share.

Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas continue to play a vital role in many African economies.

UN projects that the underutilisation of these resources will slow down economies and continually plunge the region into extreme darkness.

With the African Development Bank's Desert to Power Initiative, there seems to be hope for the over 500 million Africans alienated from the power grid.

This flagship renewable energy programme led by the African Development Bank (AfDB) aims to transform countries in the Sahel region including Burkina Faso, Chad, Djibouti and Eritrea into a renewable energy powerhouse by harnessing the region’s abundant solar energy potential.

Additionally, the initiative forecasts generating up to 10 GW of solar power by 2030. It will also provide electricity to around 250 million people, with at least 90 million benefiting from off-grid solutions.

Ghana has embarked on a significant renewable energy initiative with the commissioning of a 50-megawatt solar power plant in Galgu, Yendi Municipality, through a collaboration between the Bui Power Authority (BPA) and First Sky Limited. This $59 million venture forms part of a broader strategy aimed at achieving 500 megawatts of solar capacity, as Ghana seeks to realise its ambition of incorporating 10% renewable energy into its national mix by the year 2030. The Chief Executive Officer of BPA, Samuel Kofi Dzamesi, has highlighted the plant's potential benefits for enhancing energy security and fostering economic growth in northern Ghana, indicating positive implications for job creation and further investments in the region. Plans for additional solar installations in Yapei and Salaga are also underway, complementing the existing efforts in Yendi, Solar Quarter reports. 

WHO supports Ghana to combat meningitis outbreak

Amidst advancements in energy, Ghana is currently grappling with a critical health crisis in the form of a burgeoning bacterial meningitis outbreak in the Upper West Region, where cases have surged from 42 to 60, resulting in 14 reported fatalities. In response to the escalating situation, the World Health Organization (WHO) has extended urgent assistance by supplying 10,600 vials of Ceftriaxone, valued at approximately $23,000, to bolster treatment initiatives. Health Minister Kwabena Mintah Akandoh has acknowledged the vital nature of this donation, especially in light of concurrent outbreaks affecting the nation. Supplementing this effort, WHO has dispatched Dr. Nicolō Binello, a meningitis specialist, to work closely with Ghana's health authorities, enhancing clinical care and developing relevant response strategies. Furthermore, the Ghana Health Service is intensifying public education campaigns and providing free treatment to mitigate mortality risks, demonstrating a concerted approach to control the outbreak and safeguard public health.

Free issuance of Ghana cards

The National Identification Authority (NIA) has recently declared that the initial issuance of the Ghana Card will be available at no cost at its 276 Operational District Offices. Despite this, fees have been introduced for first-time card issuance at Premium Centres: GH₵310.00 for new cards, GH₵125.00 for card replacements, and GH₵420.00 for updating records alongside replacements. Other associated services, such as nationality updates, are priced at GH₵70.00, while record updates remain complimentary at district offices but incur a charge of GH₵310.00 at Premium Centres. According to citinewsroom , this initiative is strategically designed to streamline the identification process for citizens and enhance access to various government services.

Language barrier

The ongoing discourse on language and its impact on national development has been highlighted by Suhum MP Frank Asiedu, who has raised alarm over the persistence of language barriers that impede Ghana's progress. He asserts that despite achieving political independence, Ghana remains linguistically colonised, fostering a detrimental perception of non-English speakers. In light of this, Asiedu has announced intentions to introduce legislation that promotes multilingualism within the country. According to gbcghanaonline , he proposed a systematic review of the languages taught in schools every decade and suggested that any language spoken by a minimum of 35% of Ghanaians over a ten-year period should be recognised as a national language. This endeavour, he believes, is essential to unlocking Ghana's full potential and contributing to meaningful social reconstruction. 

Nigerians arrested over alleged kidnapping of American

The FBI and local police in Ghana have apprehended two Nigerian nationals, Emmanuel Adedoyin Adebayor (28) and Esther Ogbonna, in connection with the alleged kidnapping of American national Diana Christine Nelson, Ghanabusinessnews reports. Another suspect, identified as Dennis Poromo, remains at large. The detainees face serious charges including conspiracy, kidnapping, and theft, with Adebayor and Ogbonna asserting their not-guilty pleas. The court has set their bail at GH¢500,000, conditional upon their reporting to police bi-monthly. The victim, aged 80, was reportedly lured to Ghana, where she was subsequently held captive following her arrival on November 22, 2024. Adebayor's arrest occurred during an attempt to withdraw funds from Nelson’s bank account using her ATM card. Investigations reveal that the suspects allegedly misappropriated over $15,000 from her account while simultaneously demanding a ransom of $150,000 from her family. Furthermore, the suspects are believed to have sold her personal possessions yet failed to recuperate all items. The legal proceedings related to this case have been postponed to March 5, 2025.

Gaolathe referenced the previous administration’s Integrated Resource Plan, which set targets of 30% renewable energy by 2030 and 50% by 2036. However, he assured the nation that the new government intends to surpass these targets within a significantly shorter timeframe. “As the incoming government, we are setting our sights even higher,” he stated. “I won’t specify percentages, but we are aiming beyond previous ambitions because our people envision more,” Mmegi Online reports.

Recognising Botswana’s immense solar energy potential, Gaolathe noted that the country ranks third globally for solar radiation exposure, receiving approximately 3,200 hours of sunshine annually.

“With this resource, there is no reason Botswana cannot become a hub for solar-generated power,” he asserted.

He reiterated the country’s commitment to reducing its carbon footprint by 15% by 2030 but stressed the need for flexibility to balance economic growth with environmental commitments.

The vice president also mentioned the government’s dedication to research and development, particularly in science and renewable energy.

The 2020 Resource Plan projected an increase in national power supply by over 1,200 megawatts, with several projects already in progress.

However, Gaolathe believes these projections underestimate Botswana’s true potential.

He further outlined the government’s strategic shift from coal-powered energy towards a solar-dominated industry. “Another important aspect of our diversification drive is the modernisation of the power sector, with a strategic shift towards a solar-dominated energy industry,” he emphasised.

“Solar energy presents a remarkable opportunity for our nation. With abundant sunshine throughout the year, Botswana is ideally positioned to harness this clean and sustainable resource to power our households, industries, and communities,” Gaolathe concluded.

The UK has embarked on a significant partnership with Tunisia to tackle the underlying factors contributing to irregular migration. This initiative, spearheaded by Foreign Secretary David Lammy, includes a £5 million funding package aimed at educating and equipping potential migrants in Tunisia for employment opportunities, thereby reducing the need for dangerous journeys to Europe. Additionally, $1.2 million will be directed towards the International Organisation for Migration's Assisted Voluntary Returns & Reintegration Programme, facilitating safe returns for migrants, Gov.UK reports. This initiative forms part of the UK's wider 'Plan for Change', which seeks to enhance border security, curtail human smuggling, and uplift living conditions in migrants' home countries.

11 Russians arrested on suspicion of terrorism

Tunisian authorities have detained 11 Russian nationals on terrorism suspicions near the Algerian border due to suspicious equipment and alleged ties to terrorist activities. Although no formal charges are in place, these arrests follow police findings of equipment inconsistent with their tourist claims, as per Russian media reports. The Russian embassy in Tunisia has described these individuals as tourists exploring Roman ruins in Haïdra. Watan reports that While Tunisia is generally a preferred destination for Russian tourists, Haïdra is not commonly visited by them. Despite this incident, the diplomatic relations between Tunisia and Russia remain stable, with an emphasis on enhancing bilateral ties in the agriculture and energy sectors.

State of emergency extended until the end of 2025

In a move reflecting the ongoing security landscape, Tunisian President Kais Saied has extended the state of emergency to December 31, 2025, following a previous extension that was initially set to last from January 1 to January 30, 2025. According to Al24 News , Tunisia's state of emergency was initially declared on November 24, 2015, in response to a devastating terrorist attack. On that day, a bomb exploded on a bus carrying presidential guards, claiming the lives of 12 agents.

Tunisia expresses deep concern over escalation in Congo

Tunisia has voiced significant concern regarding the escalating hostilities in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), emphasising that the unrest poses a threat to peace initiatives and regional stability. The Tunisian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has reached out with condolences to the bereaved families and urged for the safeguarding of DRC's sovereignty, a de-escalation of violent actions, and adherence to the ceasefire established under the Luanda Process. President Felix Tshisekedi of DRC has promised a robust response to the March 23 Movement (M23) rebels, who currently control Goma and key infrastructure in the region. He has reiterated ongoing military and diplomatic efforts supported by the UN and regional organizations. Violent confrontations have critically affected Goma, which is home to over 700,000 internally displaced persons, reports Social News XYZ .

Italy and Tunisia strengthen ties with the Elmed energy link

A strategic partnership has been inaugurated between Italy and Tunisia focusing on the Elmed project, which aims to establish the first direct current electrical connection between Europe and Africa through a 200-kilometre submarine cable intended to integrate renewable energy sources. This collaborative effort aligns with Italy’s Mattei Plan, designed to enhance cooperation across the Mediterranean region and is spearheaded by the Italian grid operator Terna in partnership with Tunisia’s Sociéte Tunisienne de l'Électricité et du Gaz (STEG). As reported by Decode39 , The primary objective of the Elmed project is to amplify cross-border energy flows, diminish reliance on fossil fuels, and support overarching clean energy goals. The inauguration of the Terna Innovation Zone in Tunis is projected to foster knowledge-sharing and boost business growth in the renewable energy sector, providing a foundational training environment for local talent.

This reddish-orange metal, often overlooked in favour of more captivating resources like gold or lithium, is ready to play a vital role in powering the modern world.

According to an IMF projection, 39.1 million tonnes of copper will be demanded by 2040 against 25.9 million tonnes in 2023.

Oil on the other is expected to see a sharp decline by 2040 with 66 million barrels per day against the 101.9 million barrels produced every day in 2023.

Why Copper?

Copper is a crucial component in electrical wiring, circuits, and motors. As the world transitions to electric vehicles and renewable energy sources, copper demand is expected to surge.

Copper is extensively used in solar panels, wind turbines, and other renewable energy technologies. As these technologies become increasingly prevalent, copper will play a vital role in their development and deployment.

Zimbabwe is grappling with acute power shortages , worsened by the worst drought in 40 years, which has adversely affected food security and daily life. The primary hydropower facility, Kariba South, has experienced over 80% reduction in electricity generation due to dwindling water levels, resulting in daily power outages that exceed 18 hours. As electricity supply becomes increasingly sporadic, many residents have turned to firewood for cooking purposes, placing significant strain on small businesses and the overall economy, with annual losses approximated at 6% of GDP.

Renewable energy

The country’s energy infrastructure heavily depends on coal-fired power plants that often lack reliability. While there are plans to enhance renewable energy capacity , including solar energy projects and new hydropower ventures, investment in these initiatives faces obstacles such as a fluctuating currency, high taxation, and bureaucratic inefficiencies. Advocates for renewable energy highlight the urgent need for policy reforms that would bolster growth in this crucial sector. In the meantime, some households have taken the initiative to install solar panels, although high costs remain a significant barrier to wider adoption.

Agricultural sector census

On another front, Zimbabwe is preparing to conduct its first agricultural sector census since its independence. This significant initiative aims to bridge considerable gaps in existing structural agricultural statistics. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is collaborating with Zimbabwe to develop a comprehensive National Agricultural and Livestock Census (NALC) plan. This strategic plan seeks to mobilise essential resources for the census, which will enhance agricultural data systems and boost food security in the nation. The outcomes from this census will play a pivotal role in informing Zimbabwe's Strategic Plan for Agricultural and Rural Statistics for the 2025-2029 period.

New president of ZIFA

Nqobile Magwizi has been elected as the new president of the Zimbabwe Football Association (ZIFA), receiving 66 out of 77 votes in a transition from the troubled tenure of his predecessor, Felton Kamambo. Magwizi's primary objective is to restore financial stability and integrity to ZIFA, addressing the mismanagement and internal discord that marred the organisation. He has articulated a commitment to adopting best practices within ZIFA and fostering essential partnerships for the advancement of football in Zimbabwe.

Resignation of President Mnangagwa

Political tensions are rising as a faction of Zimbabwe’s liberation war veterans has publicly demanded the resignation of President Emmerson Mnangagwa. These veterans have accused him of nepotism, corruption, and an inability to foster economic improvement. Blessed Runesu Geza, a notable veteran and Zanu-PF central committee member has openly rebuked Mnangagwa for failing to deliver on commitments made since taking office in 2017. In response, Zanu-PF's spokesperson, Farai Marapira, has characterised the veterans' protests as misguided outbursts.

Saulo’s remarks come as international leaders emphasise the critical need to combat climate change, with many countries doubling down on renewable energy initiatives to meet their commitments under the Paris accord.

Palaeontologists have uncovered a monumental 92 cm (35 inches) dinosaur footprint in Mongolia, hinting at the existence of an imposing hadrosaurid dinosaur, likely a substantial Saurolophus, which could surpass 15 meters in length. The investigation, conducted by Okayama University of Science and the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, has yielded a trackway comprising 13 fossilised footprints, each measuring 85 cm wide and stretching 24 meters long. Situated within the western Gobi Desert, these discoveries may pave the way for the identification of complete dinosaur skeletons, offering vital insights into their anatomy and behavioural patterns. This region, renowned for its large hadrosaurid footprints, invigorates the enthusiasm of palaeontologists for prospective research undertakings.

Recognition for wildlife protection

The Wild Sheep Foundation acknowledged the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change of Mongolia and the Mongolian Zoological Association during an exhibition in Reno, USA, on January 16, recognising their endeavours in argali conservation and international collaboration. Notable representatives, including Uranchimeg Tserendorj and Samyaa Ravdan, received the esteemed Statesman Awards, Akipress reports. Wild Sheep Foundation President Gray Thornton commended Mongolia's inclusive conservation strategies, underscoring its adherence to global standards in wildlife protection. Established in 1977, the Wild Sheep Foundation remains dedicated to the conservation and responsible utilisation of wild sheep populations.

Growing super-elite potato seeds

In a significant agricultural advancement, Mongolia has inaugurated a laboratory for propagating virus-free potato microtubes, aiming to cultivate super-elite potato seeds. According to Akipress , this facility is designed to guarantee a dependable supply of high-quality seeds for local seed-breeding businesses. This year, the Research and Development Centre anticipates producing 10,000 virus-free potato micro tubers alongside 2,000 mother plants, intending to fulfil 20% of the nation’s demands. This initiative forms part of the broader "Food Revolution" National Movement focused on improving local plant genetic resources and seed production capabilities.

Renewable energy

Mongolia has entered a partnership with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) to promote the advancement of renewable energy. Channel News Asia reports that an agreement was formalised during the World Economic Forum for the development of solar, wind, and energy storage ventures, targeting an ambitious capacity of up to 300 MW for solar and 200 MW for wind power by 2028. The EBRD is also set to play a crucial role in formulating renewable energy strategies and identifying low-carbon pathways. Deputy Prime Minister Dorjkhand Togmid reasserted the government's commitment to fostering a sustainable energy sector. In 2024, the EBRD’s investment in an array of projects in Mongolia surpassed 260 million euros, primarily aimed at financing the green transition.

Mongolia, Kuwait air relations

On January 19, Mongolia and Kuwait formalised an agreement on air relations, establishing the framework necessary for direct flights between the two nations. This agreement aspires to foster enhanced economic connections by facilitating direct flights, which are expected to invigorate tourism, trade, and logistics, particularly benefitting meat exports from Mongolia. Both parties highlighted the significance of the transport sector as a critical avenue for broader cooperation, according to Akipress . The President of Kuwait's DGCA reiterated the commitment to joint efforts with airlines and the exploration of potential visa exemption agreements. Consequently, this year marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Kuwait.

The project, led by Masdar and Emirates Water and Electricity Company (EWEC), will combine solar power with advanced battery technology to deliver clean energy around the clock.

The facility will feature a massive 5.2-gigawatt solar power plant and a 19-gigawatt-hour battery storage system.

It can generate 1 gigawatt of power daily, making it the largest solar and battery storage project in the world.

Masdar CEO Mohamed Jameel Al Ramahi described the project as "clean energy on an unprecedented scale."

According to him, it "sets a new global benchmark in addressing renewable energy challenges."

Officials say this innovation solves one of the biggest problems with renewable energy: providing power at night or during cloudy days.

The project also supports the UAE's goal to reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050.

According to Masdar, the project will create over 10,000 jobs and help power industries like artificial intelligence and advanced technology, ensuring a sustainable and reliable energy future for the UAE.

Residents of Limay, Bataan, Philippines, continue to grapple with severe health issues and economic difficulties attributed to the coal-fired power plants situated nearby. These plants largely serve as suppliers of electricity to other provinces. The nation's reliance on coal remains significant, constituting 57% of the energy mix, with a troubling increase to 61.9% in 2023. Despite commitments made at COP28 to elevate renewable energy sources to 35% by 2030 and 50% by 2040, coal predominates, making the Philippines the foremost coal-dependent nation in Southeast Asia. The government has enacted a moratorium on new coal plants; however, expansions of existing facilities persist. The Department of Energy (DOE) is attempting to pivot towards renewable energy by enhancing incentives for clean energy investments, Dialogue Earth reports.

New Black Hawk helicopters to counter China

On a different note, the Philippines has bolstered its air force capabilities with the acquisition of five Sikorsky S-70i Black Hawk helicopters, delivered on December 9, 2024. This acquisition is part of a notable contract signed in 2021 for a total of 32 units within the Additional Utility Helicopters Acquisition program. These helicopters are notably versatile and equipped for a range of operational missions such as troop transport, medical evacuations, and disaster response, serving as replacements for older, less efficient models. Notably, the S-70i helicopters are powered by T700-GE-701D engines, accommodating up to 13 passengers and boasting advanced features, including infrared jammers and digital cockpit technology. The overall contract, valued at $624 million, as reported by Global Defense News , will increase the Philippine Air Force's active Black Hawk fleet to 48 by the year 2026, significantly supporting the military's modernisation initiatives and enhancing capacity in both security and humanitarian missions.

Philippines ratifies defence pact with Japan, amid China tensions

The Philippines has ratified a historic defence pact with Japan, designed to facilitate mutual troop deployments for military exercises amid escalating tensions with China. The Reciprocal Access Agreement (RAA), which was signed in July and subsequently approved by the Philippine Senate, aims to strengthen collaborative military operations, particularly in the domain of maritime patrols. The pact is anticipated to enhance the operational capabilities of the Armed Forces of the Philippines while fostering closer collaboration with Japan’s Self-Defense Forces, particularly in addressing security concerns within the South China Sea region. Emphasising stability and adhering to a rules-based international order, both nations are navigating the complexities presented by China, which has expressed criticism of the agreement. The RAA will come into effect following signature by Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. and ratification by the Japanese legislature, reports Benar News .

Gathering of angels in the Philippines breaks world record

A remarkable cultural achievement emerged from San Rafael, Bulacan, Philippines when the municipality set a new Guinness World Record for the largest assembly of individuals dressed as angels. This record-breaking event occurred at the Victory Coliseum, where participation exceeded 2,000 individuals, surpassing the previous record of 1,275 established in 2015 in Winnipeg, Canada. According to UPI , the successful confirmation of this record was undertaken by a Guinness adjudicator, highlighting the local community's commitment to cultural expression and collective celebration.

Filipina drugs convict nearly executed in Indonesia to return home Dec 18

Mary Jane Veloso, a Filipina on death row in Indonesia, is slated to return to the Philippines on December 18, after nearly nine years since her execution was postponed following requests for her case to be reviewed. Veloso, apprehended in 2010 for drug trafficking, has persistently claimed victimhood status in a human trafficking scheme. Her repatriation is a result of a bilateral agreement between Indonesia and the Philippines, allowing for her transfer into Filipino custody, although immediate plans for reciprocal prisoner exchanges are not in place. Benar News highlights that his development closely follows the return of five Australian prisoners involved in the 'Bali Nine' drug trafficking case, with both transfers adhering to agreements that respect the judicial decisions of each nation and the concept of reciprocity in future exchanges.

India's Ministry of External Affairs has initiated a significant partnership by signing a $2 million Project Implementation Agreement with the International Solar Alliance. This collaboration will facilitate the launch of solar energy projects across several nations, including Fiji, Comoros, Madagascar, and Seychelles. Under the auspices of the Quad Climate Working Group, the projects aim to tackle critical energy challenges such as inconsistent electricity supply, thereby enhancing food storage, healthcare access, and irrigation systems. According to Business Standard , the focus will be on establishing cold storage facilities, solar healthcare infrastructure, and solar-powered water pumping systems, ultimately contributing to improved energy accessibility and job creation in these Indo-Pacific countries. This move underscores India's commitment to advancing renewable energy and addressing climate change issues regionally.

Agreements with Ghana

Ghana and Seychelles entered into two pivotal agreements during the official visit of Seychelles' President Wavel Ramkalawan. These include a Bilateral Air Service Agreement (BASA) and a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) aimed at fostering cooperation in STEM fields. With these latest agreements, the total number of MoUs signed during the visit has reached four, incorporating previously established accords in Culture and Tourism Development. Key figures involved in the signing were Mrs. Mabel Sagoe from Ghana's Ministry of Transport and Mrs. Mamle D. Andrews from the Ministry of Education, with Mr. Conrad Mederic signing on behalf of Seychelles, reports Adomonline .

Fewer HIV cases

The UNAIDS report for 2023 presents a mixed picture in the fight against HIV. While approximately 1.3 million individuals contracted HIV—a record low since the late 1980s—the figure still exceeds three times the threshold necessary to eradicate AIDS as a public health crisis by 2030. A troubling statistic highlighted is that an estimated 630,000 individuals succumbed to AIDS-related illnesses in the previous year. As reported by SNA , despite improvements in antiretroviral therapies and grassroots activism, 28 countries reported increased HIV infections, with only 15% of individuals in need receiving Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP). Legislative obstacles, such as Uganda's Anti-Homosexuality Act, continue to impede progress. A newly introduced drug, lenacapavir, has raised accessibility concerns due to prohibitive costs, despite Gilead's initiatives to reduce prices in select areas. According to UNAIDS, human rights issues must be addressed as a prerequisite for advancing the struggle against HIV.

Developing a biological risk assessment tool

Seychelles and Kenya are collaborating on a national biological risk assessment tool, endorsed by experts during a recent workshop that brought together 30 specialists from diverse sectors. This initiative is part of the European Union's Project 99, which aims to bolster preparedness for biological incidents over the coming five years by pinpointing potential risk zones. The workshop is set to address key issues, including zoonotic diseases and environmental toxins that pose threats to human health. This ongoing project, scheduled to continue until 2026, underscores a 'one health' paradigm that intertwines human, animal, and environmental health, with backing from the European Commission and UNICRI. Workshop participants will scrutinise prospective biological hazards and evaluate worst-case outbreak scenarios, SNA reports.

Ocean Festival is back

In a cultural shift towards environmental awareness, Seychelles is rejuvenating its Ocean Festival, historically known as SUBIOS, after a five-year pause. Set to take place from 28th to 30th November 2024, the festival will centre on marine sustainability, community involvement, and educational outreach, encapsulated in the theme "Safeguarding Our Oceans." Activities are poised to include exhibitions, beach clean-up initiatives, and family-friendly events aimed at raising consciousness about ocean conservation, reports SNA . The festival seeks to encourage cooperation among NGOs, government bodies, and the tourism industry. With the Save Our Seas Foundation as a leading sponsor, attendees can anticipate an array of innovative initiatives, such as Virtual Reality experiences and the premier of a documentary. Furthermore, the government intends to integrate snorkelling into school curricula, promoting ocean awareness among future generations.

Nations in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania are increasingly embracing renewable energy as a way to sustainably meet their growing energy needs. Solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy are no longer just futuristic ideals but practical solutions helping to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and improve living standards.

Africa

Across Africa, countries are accelerating their transition to renewable energy. Almost every African nation has signed the Paris Agreement and developed Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) that outline strategies for reducing emissions and transitioning to cleaner energy sources. Notably, the African Union's Climate Change and Resilient Development Strategy (2022-2032) is fostering long-term cooperation and climate resilience across the continent.

Other important initiatives like the Accelerated Partnership for Renewables in Africa (APRA) are driving the uptake of renewable technologies in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Rwanda. The Moroni Declaration for Ocean and Climate Action calls for the conservation of oceans to sequester CO2, with a $15 billion mobilization goal by 2030.

Adding up is the Nairobi Declaration of 2023, which laid out sustainable and systematic plans for net-zero emissions and climate adaptation, with 12 countries committing to reach net-zero by 2050.

Asia

In Uzbekistan, ACWA Power, the largest independent power producer in Saudi Arabia, has partnered with the government to develop a large renewable energy program. This includes 5.1 gigawatts (GW) of solar power and a groundbreaking green hydrogen project aimed at decarbonising the fertiliser industry.

China, a global solar leader, is home to the Tengger Desert Solar Park , one of the world’s largest solar installations, covering over 1,200 kilometres and with a total capacity of 1,547 megawatts (MW).

Meanwhile, India’s Bhadla Solar Park in Rajasthan, covering 14,000 acres, has an impressive capacity of over 2,245 MW, contributing significantly to India’s goal of achieving 100 GW of solar power by 2022.

Southeast Asia is also making strides, with countries like Vietnam and Thailand advancing innovative solar projects. The Trung Nam Thuan Nam Solar Power Plant in Vietnam and Thailand’s floating solar farm project at Sirindhorn Dam, which combines solar, hydropower, and energy storage, are examples of how the region is embracing clean energy for sustainable development.

Latin America and the Caribbean

Latin America and the Caribbean are also at the forefront of the renewable energy transition, with nearly 460 gigawatts of solar and wind projects in the pipeline. The Renewables in Latin America and the Caribbean (RELAC) initiative , a coalition of 16 countries, aims for 80% of the region’s electricity generation to come from renewable sources by 2030.

Brazil has long been a leader in renewable energy, already generating almost half of its electricity from renewable sources. The country’s commitment to an equitable energy transition is evident through the Industrial Deep Decarbonisation Initiative , which seeks to decarbonize energy-intensive sectors like cement, steel, and petrochemicals while ensuring social inclusion and workforce reskilling.

In the Caribbean, the Portland Plantation Hybrid Wind & Solar Farm in Barbados represents an innovative and sustainable approach to energy. The project combines wind, solar, and battery storage to increase the island’s energy resilience and reduce its reliance on imported fossil fuels.

Octopus Energy, in partnership with Idris Elba, has launched Sierra Leone's first wind farm project on Sherbro Island, announced during COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. The project plans to install up to five turbines, along with solar panels and battery storage, starting construction next year. This wind farm aims to provide clean energy to about 2,000 homes, addressing the low electricity access in rural Sierra Leone, where only 5% have power. According to T he Sierra Leone Telegraph , the initiative will create green jobs and collaborate with local universities for training, contributing to the local economy and enhancing services such as education and healthcare. Set against the backdrop of rising sea levels and intense rainfall, this project supports Sierra Leone's goal of achieving 85% renewable energy by 2030. Both Octopus Energy and Idris Elba emphasize the importance of this wind farm as a foundation for sustainable growth and energy independence in the region, with plans for further renewable investments.

Political risk to remain high

Political risk in Sierra Leone is expected to remain high in 2025 due to ongoing challenges in the electricity sector and stagnant living conditions that foster public dissatisfaction with the government’s economic policies. An attempted coup in November 2023, following a disputed general election, has heightened social instability, leading to increased security expenditures and complicating efforts to implement economic reforms. Sierra Leone's real GDP per capita remains among the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa, with over 61% of the population living below the lower middle-income poverty rate. Although widespread protests have not occurred recently, the risk of unrest related to unemployment and economic challenges persists. The electricity sector faces operational inefficiencies and frequent power outages, affecting economic activity, Fitch Solutions projects.

$30,000 in damages to citizens

The ECOWAS Court has ordered Sierra Leone to pay $30,000 in damages to two citizens, Hassan Kargbo and Mohamed Fornah, for violating their rights to security during the violent suppression of protests in July 2020. Security forces allegedly used live ammunition and tear gas on unarmed demonstrators, leading to deaths and injuries. The court found that Sierra Leone failed to defend itself in the case and ordered the government to investigate the violence and prevent excessive force during future demonstrations. Claims from the victims' heirs were deemed inadmissible due to lack of proof of kinship and death, NAN reports.

Ebola vaccination

Sierra Leone has begun an Ebola vaccination campaign aimed at vaccinating at least 5,000 healthcare workers, many of whom were affected during the West African Ebola outbreak a decade ago. The initiative seeks to enhance the protection of medical personnel against the virus, reports VOA .

President Bio receives roadmap to resolve 13-year-old land dispute

President Dr. Julius Maada Bio received a report outlining a roadmap for peace in the 13-year conflict between Sahn Malen Chiefdom landowners and Socfin Agricultural Company. The dispute began with Socfin's 2010 acquisition of the SLPMB plantation. President Bio thanked the committee for their dedication. Hon. Shiaka Musa Sama praised the President's timely intervention, noting past violence and unfulfilled promises by Socfin. He expressed confidence that the President's involvement would ensure the roadmap's effective implementation, as reported by Zawya .

Senegal is set to recommit to a €2.5 billion ($2.67 billion) Just Energy Transition Partnership to reduce fossil fuel reliance. This follows a government change after the March elections, which created uncertainty around the deal initially proposed by former President Macky Sall. New President Bassirou Diomaye Faye and his appointed Prime Minister Ousmane Sonko are expected to support the initiative if they secure a parliamentary majority in the upcoming elections on November 17. The investment plan, currently in advanced drafting stages, is scheduled for completion in December and will outline how Senegal plans to increase renewable energy in its mix. According to Rigzone , funding is anticipated to come from France, Germany, the EU, the UK, and Canada over five years, echoing similar programmes established with countries like South Africa, Indonesia, and Vietnam to support the transition to greener energy sources.

Sonko calls for vengeance after election campaign clashes

Senegalese Prime Minister Ousmane Sonko called for vengeance on Tuesday, November 12 citing attacks on his Pastef party supporters by opposition members during the parliamentary election campaign. He reported clashes in Dakar, Saint-Louis, and Koungheul, blaming supporters of Dakar mayor Barthelemy Dias, leader of a rival coalition. "Let every aggression suffered by Pastef on their part since the start of the campaign, let every patriot they have attacked and injured be proportionally avenged," Sonko wrote in a Facebook post as reported by Barron's .

35 billion CFA agreement to establish defence industry in Mbacké

On November 8, 2024, Senegal signed a 35 billion CFA franc (approximately $56 million) agreement with the Senegal Military Vehicle Industry (ISEVEM) to establish a defence industry in Mbacké. The initiative aims to boost industrialisation, enhance national security, and promote sustainable development, positioning Senegal as a regional player in the defence sector while creating jobs. Key officials, including the Minister of Armed Forces and the South Korean ambassador, attended the signing ceremony. The project will establish a military vehicle assembly plant capable of producing approximately 1,000 vehicles annually, reducing dependence on military imports and strengthening national sovereignty. It is part of Senegal's “Senegal 2050” vision, which seeks to create industrial zones and support local SMEs through subcontracting opportunities, reports Sene News .

Senegal to wait at least until June for IMF loan resolution

Senegal will have to wait until at least June for a resolution regarding its $1.9 billion lending programme with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This delay follows an audit revealing larger-than-previously reported debt and deficit figures. The IMF will not consider Senegal's request for a new programme until the audit findings are certified by the court of auditors in mid-December and reviewed by the IMF executive board, a process expected to take six months. Senegal's fiscal situation is deteriorating, with public debt averaging 76.3% of GDP and a budget deficit exceeding 10%. The current government, led by President Bassirou Diomaye Faye, has called for snap elections to secure a legislative majority for necessary economic reforms, according to Strait Times .

Investigation launched into the death of former Senegalese finance minister

An investigation has been launched into the death of Mamadou Moustapha Ba, former Senegalese Minister of Finance and Budget, who recently died in France. The Prosecutor of the High Court of Dakar initiated the inquiry following information suggesting suspicious circumstances surrounding his passing. According to Sene News , an autopsy has been ordered to identify potential medical or accidental causes linked to his sudden death. Ba was well-regarded for his contributions to Senegal's economy and his loss has deeply affected the nation. Authorities aim to clarify the events leading to his death, highlighting their commitment to transparency and legal protocols.

The Climate Investment Funds (CIF) has approved a $1 billion plan to upgrade Turkey's electricity grid to support renewable energy integration. The initiative includes a $70 million investment from CIF’s Renewable Energy Integration platform, aiming to attract an additional $790 million for infrastructure and $330 million for technology enhancements. The plan, developed in partnership with the EBRD and World Bank, seeks to enable Turkey to integrate 60 Gigawatts of new wind and solar capacity by 2035. This modernization effort aligns with Turkey’s commitment to achieve net zero emissions by 2053 and enhance its renewable energy capabilities, Duvar reports.

Public outrage over deaths of 10 newborns

The tragic deaths of 10 newborns in Turkey have ignited public outrage and eroded trust in the nation's healthcare system. Following the incidents, prosecutors charged 47 medical workers, including Dr. Firat Sari, with neglect and malpractice, alleging they falsified records and embezzled money through unnecessary extended treatments in inadequate private hospitals. Families affected by the deaths are demanding investigations, with over 350 families petitioning authorities. According to Jakarta Globe , President Erdogan acknowledged the need for accountability but cautioned against generalizing the issue to the entire healthcare system. Parents like Burcu Gokdeniz, who lost her baby, expressed feelings of betrayal and fear for their surviving children, highlighting the growing distrust in healthcare for vulnerable newborns.

Steel consumption drops

Steel consumption in Turkey from January to September 2024 decreased by 4.2% year-on-year to 27.8 million tons. Local steel production rose by 13.8% to 27.9 million tons. Exports of finished steel products surged by 31.6% to 27.8 million tons, while imports fell by 12.5% to 9.8 million tons, improving the export-import coverage ratio from 52.0% in 2023 to 75.9% in 2024. As reported by GMK Centre , in September, steel consumption increased by 0.8% to 2.9 million tons, with exports and imports both seeing growth. Notably, shipments to the EU increased by 98%. In 2023, Turkey's overall steel production declined by 4% to 33.7 million tons, with steel exports down 30.6% to 10.5 million tons.

S&P upgrades Turkey's credit rating

Standard and Poor's upgraded Turkey's long-term sovereign credit rating from B+ to BB-, citing economic improvements due to the central bank's strict monetary policy. This has helped stabilise the lira, reduce inflation, rebuild reserves, and decrease the savings gap with the rest of the world. The central bank raised interest rates from 8.5% to 50% from June 2023 to March 2024 to combat inflation, which officially decreased to 49.38% in September after peaking at 85.5% in October 2022. S&P expects no medium-term outlook changes as Turkey works on reducing inflation and rebalancing its economy, Barrons reported.

Erdogan sues mayor

Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has filed a lawsuit against Istanbul's opposition mayor, Ekrem Imamoglu, for allegedly slanderous remarks made during a protest rally. The lawsuit claims Imamoglu's comments, related to the arrest of another opposition mayor, damaged Erdogan's reputation and incited hatred. Imamoglu, a prominent figure in the Republican People's Party and a potential candidate for the 2028 presidential race, previously faced legal issues for calling election officials "idiots" during the 2019 mayoral election, resulting in a conviction and a nearly three-year prison sentence, which he is currently appealing. Erdogan, who began his political career as Istanbul's mayor, has distanced himself from the earlier case against Imamoglu, The New Arab reports.

Despite Japan's efforts to increase renewable energy, nuclear power is set to play a significant role in its energy mix. The Fukushima accident still impacts public opinion, and safety concerns remain high, AFP reports.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasised India's commitment to a future powered by renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and nuclear power. He made this pledge during the 4th Global Renewable Energy Investor’s Meet in Gandhinagar, Hindustan Times reports. According to him, India aims to become a developed nation by 2047, relying on non-fossil fuels due to limited oil and gas reserves. The initiative is also expected to create jobs with a focus on training three hundred thousand youth as skilled manpower, including a thousand Solar PV Technicians.

India rejects U.S. request to ban Russian news organisation

India has rejected a U.S. request to ban Russia's RT News, affirming its stance of not adhering to unilateral sanctions, according to Times of India . Meanwhile, leaders Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping criticised NATO during the Xiangshan Forum, advocating for a multipolar world. In other developments, a NATO member's request for BRICS membership was mocked by Russia, and NATO relationships continue to shift, with one member's foreign minister resigning after controversial comments on Putin. Additionally, India is playing a mediator role in the Russia-Ukraine conflict, while incidents of diplomatic tensions and local unrest continue in various regions, including a violent car incident in Delhi.

Delhi Chief Minister elects successor

Arvind Kejriwal will resign as Delhi Chief Minister on Tuesday, following which the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) will elect his successor within a week. This announcement came after the Supreme Court granted him bail in the excise policy case. Delhi minister Saurabh Bharadwaj stated that once Kejriwal's resignation is accepted, a meeting will be held to elect the new leader who will form the government. Hindustan Times reports that there are no specifics on who will succeed him, and Bharadwaj dismissed BJP claims regarding Kejriwal's resignation being influenced by bail conditions. AAP holds a majority with 60 MLAs in the 70-member assembly, and assembly polls are expected early next year.

Samsung India workers protest

Samsung India workers at the Sriperumbudur factory have been on strike for a week, demanding higher pay, balanced work hours, and recognition of their Left-affiliated Workers Union. The protest has disrupted production of home appliances, including TVs and refrigerators, Wionews reports. Police detained several union members to prevent a planned march to the Kanchipuram District Collector's Office. Union leaders allege that management is not engaging in discussions and has formed a rival committee to undermine the union. Samsung stated they comply with laws and actively address worker grievances. The protests occur during a crucial sales period for the Indian consumer appliance market.

India supports Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar

India has launched 'Operation Sadbhav,' sending humanitarian aid worth thousands of dollars to Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar following the devastation caused by Typhoon Yagi. This initiative, aligned with India's "Act East Policy," aims to enhance disaster relief efforts in the ASEAN region, according to Wionews .

"The China-Africa partnership can drive the renewable energy revolution. It can be a catalyst for key transitions in food systems and digital connectivity. And as home to some of the world's most dynamic economies, Africa can maximise the potential of China's support in areas from trade to data management, finance and technology," Guterres was quoted in an AFP video.

He also praised China’s development record, noting its success in poverty eradication as a source of valuable experience for African nations.

The government of Tanzania is focused on improving the investment climate to attract more domestic and foreign direct investment projects. The Deputy Minister of State in the President’s Office, Planning and Investment, Mr Stanslaus Nyongo has emphasised the importance of creating a conducive environment for investors and commended the Tanzania Investment Centre for its efforts in facilitating services to investors. Project registrations have surged by 91.6% due to the new Investment Act No. 10 of 2022, according to Daily News .

Tanzanian fights for justice in the US

Tanzanian national Andrew Hango fought for justice after being wrongfully imprisoned and tortured in the US for seven years. He is seeking $5 million in compensation for brutality and wrongful imprisonment, and his family claims Tanzanian officials provided little help. Hango was eventually freed in December 2021 with the help of international diplomats and rights advocates. According to The Citizen , his family continues to pursue a rightful settlement and permanent resolution for his ordeal.

Renewable energy in Tanzania

The TriDEP Initiative, a partnership between the U.S., India, and Tanzania, has been launched to enhance renewable energy infrastructure and policy in Tanzania. The initiative includes workshops, capacity-building sessions, and collaboration with government bodies, utilities, and private enterprises. The focus is on strengthening grid infrastructure, promoting renewable energy technologies, and integrating disaster risk reduction and climate-smart agriculture initiatives for sustainable development, as reported by Energetica .

Apology for poll rigging

Tanzanian Cabinet Minister Nape Nnauye's apology for suggesting that the ruling party didn't need to win votes through ballot boxes has not ended criticism. Opposition, activists, and analysts are calling for his resignation. Nnauye's controversial remarks sparked debate and were rejected by the ruling party, Chama Cha Mapinduzi. This is not the first time he has made controversial statements during an election. Various political figures and academics have condemned his remarks and called for his resignation, as reported by The Citizen .

Police held over child disappearance cases

Activists in Tanzania are demanding that the police take immediate action when child disappearance cases are reported, instead of waiting 24 hours to begin investigations. They argue that waiting increases the risk of missing children and that the current procedure is inefficient and inhumane. However, the police spokesperson, David Misime, disputes this, stating that initial steps are taken immediately and further investigation is launched if necessary after 24 hours, The Citizen reports.

Egypt and the UAE plan to bring 4 GW of renewable energy onto the grid by next summer. They emphasized the importance of renewable energy for Egypt's future energy needs and discussed plans for localizing industries related to renewable energy. Both countries are committed to expanding their renewable energy partnership to address energy demands and develop sustainable solutions, Daily News Egypt reported.

Medical supply

UAE sends 3 tonnes of medical supplies and medicines to the Gaza Strip following recent developments in Khan Younis. Emirates News Agency indicated that the aid aims to support the healthcare sector and hospitals facing shortages after the war. Total assistance sent by UAE to the Gaza Strip reaches 337 tonnes.

Trump rally shooting

The UAE has condemned the shooting targeting former US President Donald Trump, expressing solidarity and offering sympathy to his family. The President of the UAE also condemns all forms of violence and terrorism. According to Dubai Eye , The Ministry also extended its heartfelt condolences and sympathy to the government and citizens of the United States, along with the victim's family, and wished a swift recovery for those who were injured.

UAE-Japan cooperation

UAE and Japan are discussing ways to expand cooperation in the fields of food security and climate-smart agriculture. The meeting is part of their strategic partnership initiative and involves implementing various projects and programmes. They are also looking to enhance sustainable agriculture through technology transfer, research, and adoption of innovative practices such as precision farming and smart greenhouses. The two countries also prioritise climate change adaptation and climate finance at COP29. The UAE has invited Japan to attend the World Food Security Summit and participate in agriculture, environment, and climate change meetings, Emirates News Agency reported.

Appointment of deputy prime ministers

The UAE has announced a significant cabinet reshuffle, with Crown Prince Sheikh Hamdan and Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah being appointed as deputy prime ministers by Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed. According to the Express Tribune , The reshuffle aims to bring fresh perspectives and enhance transparency in governance, with the inclusion of women in key roles representing progress towards greater gender equality in the region.

Saudi Arabia is poised to boost its solar energy capacity by 5,500 megawatts, having inked three pivotal agreements through its main purchasing entity. The agreements, aimed at expanding the use of renewable energy sources, were cemented by the Saudi Power Procurement Co., which secured power purchase contracts for three novel solar photovoltaic initiatives alongside ACWA Power Co., Badeel—owned by the Public Investment Fund—and Aramco Power. According to Arab News , this development is in line with the National Renewable Energy Programme's goal to fulfil the Kingdom's ambition of deriving 50 of its energy from renewable sources by the decade's end, thereby diminishing reliance on liquid fuels and contributing to the Saudi Vision 2030's energy sector goals.

Hajj services praised

India's envoy to Saudi Arabia, Suhel Ajaz Khan, has commended the Kingdom for the exceptional services rendered to pilgrims in the current Hajj season. Having participated in the Hajj himself and assisted Indian pilgrims, Khan expressed to Arab News his appreciation for the support provided during the pilgrimage, reports Arab News. “We work closely with the Saudi Health Ministry and other authorities to provide our pilgrims the best medical services. We are thankful for all the cooperation we receive from the Saudi authorities in this regard. Saudi authorities are also deploying huge resources in helping the pilgrims of all nationalities with medical emergencies and other medical issues,” he said.

Saudi pavilion inaugurated

On Wednesday, June 26, Saudi Arabia proudly unveiled its pavilion, taking centre stage as the guest of honour at the 2024 Seoul International Book Fair, scheduled for June 26-30, as per the Saudi Press Agency. The event, hosted at the Convention and Exhibition Complex in southern Seoul, marks the 66th iteration of the SIBF and is a tribute to Saudi culture. As reported by Arab News , the Kingdom's pavilion is set to showcase the diverse elements of its cultural legacy. An immersive experience, orchestrated by the Ministry of Culture's Literature, Publishing and Translation Commission and supported by various authorities and commissions, will present the richness of Saudi cultural facets to the attendees.

Efforts to eradicate drug-trafficking

Saudi Arabia has intensified its efforts to eradicate drug use and crack down on the trafficking and funding of illegal drugs. Colonel Omar bin Aida Al-Talhi, Commander of the National Center for Security Operations, stated that the initiative's objective is to "eradicate" drug use and "safeguard society and its younger members from their impact." This declaration was made in alignment with the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, established by the UN in 1987 and observed every year on June 26, reports Arab News . World Anti-Drug Day, as the event is commonly known, was “an important day that emphasizes the harm of drugs and their impact on nations, societies and individuals, which requires fighting them in various ways and taking the initiative to report smugglers and dealers,” Al-Talhi said.

Renewable energy project

Saudi Arabia has launched a major geographical survey to identify suitable sites for renewable energy projects across the country. The project is part of the National Renewable Energy Programme and will cover all regions of Saudi Arabia, excluding populated and airspace-restricted areas and dunes. The survey will involve the installation of 1,200 stations to measure solar and wind energy and will use artificial intelligence systems to assess and rank sites for suitability. The aim is to tender new renewables projects with a capacity of 20GW annually starting from 2024, to reach between 100GW and 130GW by 2030. Earlier this year, Saudi Arabia revealed the qualified bidders for the fifth round of 3.7GW solar projects under the National Renewable Energy Programme, according to PV Tech .

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Thi Lan Anh, who serves as the Director General of the East Sea Institute at Vietnam's Diplomatic Academy (DAV), has been announced by the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs as the first Vietnamese nominee for a judgeship at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS). The declaration was made by Permanent Deputy Foreign Minister Nguyen Minh Vu during his participation in the 34th session of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which took place at the United Nations headquarters in New York, USA, from June 10 to June 14, reports Tuoi Tre News .

Renewable energy success

Renewable energy companies in Vietnam, particularly wind power companies, are expected to benefit from the country's ambitious Power Development Plan VIII. The plan aims to increase the contribution of renewable energy sources, with a focus on wind power and set targets for renewable energy shares by 2030 and 2050. Leading companies like Bamboo Capital Group, Gia Lai Electricity, and Hà Đô Group are expected to see long-term benefits. According to Viet Nam News , the Government has also introduced policies to support wind power projects, such as feed-in tariffs. However, challenges exist in managing offshore wind power development due to insufficient laws and regulations. Despite this, leading renewable energy companies are moving ahead with plans to invest in wind power projects to meet the country's growing energy demand.

Heavy downpours chasing away heat waves

Northern Vietnam is experiencing heavy downpours, which are expected to bring relief from the heat waves. The forecast indicates that the northern highlands and midlands are bracing for heavy rainfall of up to 150mm this weekend, which could trigger flooding and landslides. Nguyen Van Huong, the chief of the weather forecasting division at the National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting, announced on Friday, June 14 that the recent spell of warm, clear weather in the north would conclude with the arrival of rains induced by a southward-moving low-pressure zone from China. The expected downpour is primarily concentrated in the northern mountainous and midland regions, particularly in the provinces of Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Kan, and Tuyen Quang, where rainfall could reach 150mm. According to VN Express , the northern lowlands may see nocturnal rainfall averaging 20-40 mm, with certain locales potentially experiencing up to 70 mm. Weather experts anticipate that the rains in the lowlands will diminish considerably by Sunday, June 16, although the northern highlands and midlands are likely to continue experiencing substantial rainfall.

World Camel Day celebrations

Vietnam celebrated World Camel Day for the first time, with an event organised by the Embassy of Saudi Arabia and the University of Languages and International Studies. The event highlighted the historical, cultural, and economic significance of camels in Arab life, as well as efforts to preserve their heritage. Camels have played a pivotal role in human society, not only as a means of transportation but also as a source of food and raw materials. The event aimed to promote understanding of the role of camels in Arab culture and their importance in harsh environments. Arab camels have been a key factor in the development of societies, especially since their domestication 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. The annual festival, celebrating the camel, takes place in the Umm Ruqaybah locality, close to the Al Artawiyah region in Saudi Arabia. It features a variety of special events and attracts numerous traders who come together to pay tribute to this esteemed animal, reports Viet Nam News .

Health insurance coverage rate

Recent trends indicating steady growth have led the General Director of Vietnam Social Security (VSS), Nguyễn Thế Mạnh, to maintain a positive outlook, projecting that the health insurance coverage rate will surpass 94% by year's end. During a conference in Hà Nội on June 14, which aimed to disclose social insurance data, Mạnh reported that the second quarter of 2024 witnessed a notable rise in enrollments for social, health, and unemployment insurance relative to the same quarter the previous year. Viet Nam News highlighted that approximately 18.3 million individuals enrolled in social insurance, marking a coverage rate of 39.05% of the labour force, which is an increment of 1.16 million people or 6.77% compared to the corresponding period in 2023.

U.S. aircraft manufacturer Boeing has expressed interest in partnering with the Indonesian government to support the country's aerospace industry and help achieve its vision for Golden Indonesia 2045. "We are very interested in partnering with the Indonesian government to achieve the vision of a Golden Indonesia 2045," said Zaid Alami, Boeing Indonesia country managing director. This partnership will cover aspects of the supply chain, customers, airports, and university partnerships, according to Tempo Co . Boeing aims to take a holistic approach to explore opportunities to build partnerships, and collaborations, and support the growth of Indonesia's aviation industry.

Budget to help farmers fight drought

The Indonesian government is reallocating Rp7 trillion (about $430 million) from its budget to help the nation’s farmers fight drought. According to Agriculture Minister Andi Amran Sulaiman, the funds were originally allocated for other purposes, but will now be used to purchase seeds, pumps, and agricultural machinery. "These funds will now be used to purchase seeds, pumps, and agricultural machinery for farmers," he said. The goal is to address the effects of El Niño and drought and ensure continued agricultural production during the critical three-month period, Indonesia’s state news agency reports.

Focus on renewable energy for net-zero emissions by 2060

Indonesia's State Electricity Company (PLN) is focusing on renewable energy to achieve net-zero emissions by 2060. According to state news agency Antara , they are greening their electricity provision, decarbonising fossil fuel power plants, and developing new renewable energy sources. "These efforts encompass short-term and long-term plans, alongside the development of renewable energy and its supporting ecosystem," said General Manager of the PLN East Java Main Distribution Unit, Agus Kuswardoyo.  According to Antara, collaboration with stakeholders and increasing solar power generation capacity are part of their efforts.

Partnership with Google to prevent online gambling content

Indonesia's Ministry of Communications and Information Technology is working with Google to use AI to prevent online gambling content. They are using a preemptive approach similar to that used for filtering out pornographic content, Tempo Co reports. The ministry is awaiting further development and innovation from Google. The goal is to prevent online gambling on digital platforms or at least identify it for filtration measures, an official of the ministry stated.

Comic jailed for joking about the name 'Mohammed'

Indonesian comedian Aulia Rakhman has been jailed for seven months for joking about the name Mohammed, sparking concerns over blasphemy laws in the country. Human rights groups have called for the abolition of the blasphemy article in the law, which has been used to jail innocent people, according to reports . The case adds to concerns over the toxic nature of the blasphemy law in Indonesia.

According to AfDB, the agreement will enable Rwanda to raise €200 million competitively from international commercial banks, diversifying its funding sources and strengthening its position in the global financial market. This guarantee is further aligned with Rwanda's national strategy for transformation (2017-2024) and Vision 2050, establishing the country as a credible sustainable borrower.

“We are delighted to continue our partnership with the Government of Rwanda in its efforts to promote green and inclusive growth in line with its Vision 2050. This guarantee from the African Development Fund will enable Rwanda’s inaugural access to financing under its Sustainable Finance Framework at competitive terms,” said Solomon Quaynor.

The proceeds from this guarantee will be allocated to various green and social initiatives, including renewable energy, climate adaptation and mitigation, disaster risk reduction and management, biodiversity conservation, energy efficiency, forestry, food security, health and wellbeing, affordable housing, and access to social services projects.

Rwanda has already made significant strides in green and social initiatives. Notably, the country aims to increase electricity access to 100% of the population by the end of 2024, focusing on renewable energy sources like hydro, solar, and geothermal power.

The capital, Kigali, is also being developed as a green city, focusing on sustainable urban planning, green spaces, and eco-friendly infrastructure .

Rwanda has also made significant progress in forest conservation, aiming to maintain at least 18% of its land under forest cover. These efforts demonstrate the country's dedication to protecting natural resources and promoting sustainable development.

Sri Lanka is reportedly nearing the final stages of negotiations with a consortium of creditors to restructure its national debt. According to Bloomberg, confidential sources indicate that the discussions involve bilateral lenders. Anonymous insiders have informed the Daily Mirror that draft agreements, or memorandums of understanding, are being exchanged between the Sri Lankan government and the official creditor committee. This committee includes representatives from India, Hungary, and the Paris Club. These drafts are crucial for finalising a deal that was preliminarily agreed upon in November, aiming to resolve the last outstanding matters before reaching a conclusive settlement.

Renewable energy strides

On Thursday, Sri Lanka's legislative body passed a bill aimed at encouraging investments in renewable energy and diminishing deficits within its government-controlled electricity entity. This step is in line with the commitments made under a $2.9 billion agreement with the International Monetary Fund, reports Hindustan Times . The bill was ratified by a margin of 44 votes out of the total 225 members, as announced by Speaker Mahinda Abeywardena. The Minister of Power and Energy, Kanchana Wijesekera, informed the assembly that the newly enacted Electricity Bill is expected to enhance the profitability of the Ceylon Electricity Board and boost investments in the renewable energy domain.

Elon Musk's Starlink approved

Elon Musk's Starlink, the satellite unit of SpaceX, has received preliminary approval to offer internet services in Sri Lanka. This came after discussions between Musk and President Ranil Wickremesinghe. Reuters reports that the service aims to improve internet connectivity, particularly in rural areas, and is also being introduced in Indonesia. In addition, Musk's company xAI is planning to build the world's largest supercomputer in Memphis, Tennessee, which represents a significant investment in the city's future.

Sri Lankan shares surge

The stock market of Sri Lanka witnessed a significant uplift, predominantly propelled by advancements in the essential financial and industrial segments. Notably, Ceylon Tobacco Company Plc and LOLC Holdings Plc emerged as the leading performers, with their share prices escalating by 1.9%. The upbeat market sentiment was further evidenced by the surge in trading volume, which escalated to 49.2 million shares from the prior session's 37.2 million. According to Finimize , the market's turnover experienced a substantial increase, reaching 1.56 billion Sri Lankan rupees (equivalent to $5.15 million), up from 1.25 billion rupees ($14.9 million), signalling a heightened level of investor engagement and market dynamism.

Capital Alliance to expand

Capital Alliance (CAL), headquartered in Colombo and offering comprehensive solutions in frontier capital markets, is setting its sights on broader horizons. The company intends to venture into additional frontier markets, targeting areas with a collective GDP between 1-1.5 trillion over the coming 3-5 years. CAL Group's CEO, Kanishke Mannakkara, conveyed to Mirror Business that such strategic growth could bolster smaller markets, including Sri Lanka, in drawing international investments. The expansion is anticipated to enhance CAL's ability to present diverse arrays of products across different markets.

Namibia opened its first Ovaherero Living Cultural Museum in the Kunene Region to promote sustainable tourism, biodiversity conservation, and benefit the local community. The museum will attract tourists and generate income and employment for the community. It is part of a broader initiative to establish living museums across the country, aimed at preserving cultural heritage and creating economic opportunities for rural communities, Namibia Economist reports.

Namibia visa restrictions

Namibia will require visas from countries that do not reciprocate the gesture for Namibian nationals, The Namibian reports. Other decisions include proposed changes to the Legal Practitioners Act and the Electoral Act and the submission of an amendment bill for scrutiny before tabling in the National Assembly.

Namibia, Zimbabwe judicial co-operations

Namibia and Zimbabwe have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance cooperation between their judicial systems. The MoU outlines areas of collaboration, including training programs, court administration, and judicial education. The signing ceremony in Windhoek marked a key moment in the two nations’ judicial history. Namibian Chief Justice Peter Shivute and Zimbabwean Chief Justice Luke Malaba emphasised the importance of regional collaboration in advancing judicial standards. The Windhoek Observer reports that the MoU focuses on strengthening bilateral relations, judicial training, backlog reduction strategies, and digital transformation with the implementation of virtual courts. Both Chief Justices expressed gratitude and a commitment to the rule of law. 

Renewable energy plans

Namibia aims to play a leading role in supplying critical minerals for the global transition to renewable energy. The Minister of Mines and Energy Tom Alweendo highlighted the country's rich mineral resources and its vision to attract investment and create jobs in the critical minerals sector. Namibia also plans to focus on green industrialisation through initiatives such as its green hydrogen strategy, according to Diajiworld . 

Namibia to launch policy to protect tourists

Namibian Police are launching a campaign to improve tourist safety and prevent corruption from police officers. The Namibian reports that the goal is to make Namibia a safer and more desirable tourism destination. Discussions have been ongoing since last year and plans to implement the project are in progress. This is in response to reports that Namibia has embarked on a national tourist safety awareness campaign, as tourism is an important economic sector for the country.

The directive comes as part of Nigeria's broader commitment to cleaner energy sources and reducing the country's carbon footprint.

Speaking to the members of the Federal Executive Council (FEC) at the State House in Abuja on Monday, May 13, President Tinubu reiterated his administration's commitment to the energy reforms, affirming that there would be no retreat from this course.

“This nation will not progress forward if we continue to dance on the same spot. We have the will to drive the implementation of CNG adoption across the country, and we must set the example as public officials in leading the way to that prosperous future that we are working to achieve for our people. It starts with us, and in seeing that we are serious, Nigerians will follow our lead,” he stated.

According to reports from Vanguard , the recent directive has influenced the new requests by the Nigeria Customs Service and the Shipper’s Council. While these agencies sought approval to procure hundreds of operational vehicles fueled by petrol, they were instructed that any approved vehicles must instead be powered by CNG.

Last October, the Tinubu administration introduced the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiative (PCNGi), according to Vanguard. As part of this initiative, approximately 800 CNG buses, 4,000 CNG tricycles, and 100 electric buses are scheduled for deployment in the first phase within the coming weeks.

Mauritania is preparing to offer major tax breaks to green hydrogen developers as part of its upcoming hydrogen law. Hydrogeninsight reports that the law will include nine tax exemptions or reductions for developers and grant operating licenses for 35 years. The Northwest African nation aims to become a major exporter of renewable hydrogen to Europe and is committed to playing a leading role in the global green hydrogen economy.

Cancellation of increased tax on Moroccan imports

Mauritania has cancelled a tax increase on Moroccan agricultural imports, providing relief to the sector and consumers. The decision is estimated to save 23,000 dirhams ($6,262) per truck and prevent a 60% decrease in exports to Mauritania. According to Yabiladi , the cancellation comes after warnings about its impact on purchasing power. In February, Nani Ould Chrougha, the Minister of Oil, Mines, and Government Spokesperson, confidently declared, "Mauritania won't require vegetable imports throughout the month of Ramadan," emphasising trust in local production to satisfy domestic needs.

Divorce market

Mauritania has a high divorce rate and it is surprisingly celebrated. Additionally, women have a higher chance of finding new love than single women. This is because men in this country strangely prefer marrying divorcees, as they believe women become more beautiful and experienced after separation. To remain active and appear unfazed by a divorce, Tuko highlights that divorced women in Mauritania sell their ex-husbands' items at a market to start afresh and find new love. They do this at 'The Divorce Market' where divorcees meet to sell their previous marriage items and start new businesses.

First Islamist candidate in 15 years

On Thursday, May 2, the Islamist opposition party of Mauritania announced its participation in the upcoming presidential election slated for June 29, marking the first time in 15 years it has nominated a candidate for the position, AFP reports. Hamadi Ould Sid' El Moctar will be the National Rally for Reform and Development candidate, also known as Tewassoul. Since its legalization in 2007, Tewassoul has emerged as the primary opposition party in the Mauritanian parliament, boasting 11 out of 176 MPs. Notably, Tewassoul abstained from the 2014 presidential election and backed an external candidate in 2019.

Saudi Arabia and Mauritania sign MOU on renewable energy

Saudi Arabia and Mauritania have agreed to collaborate on renewable energy and clean hydrogen initiatives. SolarQuarter explains that the agreement aims to share knowledge and identify collaboration opportunities in solar, wind, and geothermal energy. It also seeks to improve energy efficiency and explore opportunities for joint project development. A report by the International Energy Agency suggests that Mauritania has ample wind and solar resources that could contribute to achieving universal electricity access and sustainable economic growth. The report also explores the potential benefits of expanding the nation’s renewable energy capabilities.

The RLSF, acting as a credit enhancement instrument, has expanded its scope to include eligible transmission projects, encouraging private sector participation in this crucial sub-sector. ATIDI, with investment loans from KfW and Norad, will issue RLSF policies for a maximum period of 15 years, covering up to twelve months' worth of project revenue, the Star reports.

This move aligns with Kenya's aspirations to leverage its abundant natural resources for clean energy generation and strengthen power transmission capacity. With over 80% of its electricity already sourced from renewables, Kenya aims to transition to 100% clean energy by 2030.

Kenya's National Treasury CS, Njuguna Ndung'u said, "The provision of RLSF policies will hopefully enable more projects to advance while reducing the need for government-backed credit enhancement tools.''

He further emphasised the government's commitment to encouraging private sector participation in financing crucial infrastructure and positioning renewable energy plants and transmission infrastructure as key priorities.

RLSF policies have already spurred funding for six renewable energy projects in fellow member states, amounting to $207.5 million in investments.

Teraco's CEO, Jan Hnizdo, outlined the company's ambitious goal, stating, "The plan is to get all of our power from renewable energy sources by 2035." South Africa grapples with daily power outages, with homes and businesses experiencing more than 10 hours without electricity. In response to this challenge, companies, including Teraco, are investing in their own generation facilities. “Over the past two years, our uptime has been 100%, but grid availability has been around 15% and at some sites at about 20%. So we needed to supplement that with diesel, and it’s a huge cost. I can tell you it costs millions of rands in a month. It’s a huge cost to us,” he told IT Web .

The solar plant is expected to provide eight hours of daily power supply, acting as a supplement to power from Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd. Teraco anticipates a reduction in the state-owned power utility's coal dependency from 85% to 60% over the next three years, thanks to the increasing presence of independent power producers, BNN Bloomberg reports.

The negotiations to secure agreements with the South African government and Eskom to connect to the grid spanned approximately three years. Teraco's renewable energy facilities are slated to come online within the next three years, signalling a transformative step towards sustainable and resilient power solutions in South Africa.

These facilities are expected to not only power Teraco's data operations but also address the challenges posed by frequent blackouts in the SADC nation.

Uganda's Energy Minister, Ruth Nankabirwa, said the plant will be located at Karuma, Kiryandogo District, within the Bunyoro sub-region to leverage its proximity with the 600 megawatt Karuma hydropower plant. Adding that the significance of the project extends far beyond the realms of agriculture.

The minister further explained that the project seeks to increase the production of nitrogen fertiliser to about 200,000 tons annually and would take up to 100 megawatts of electricity from the Karuma power station.

Speaking at the signing event, IPS CEO Galeb Gulam said that as a long-term investor, they develop businesses to be vehicles that create economic value by improving people's quality of life and restoring and protecting nature.

"This hydrogen-based fertiliser project will use Uganda's abundant renewable energy resources to produce green hydrogen to be used for the manufacture of fertiliser,” Gulam said.

He also said the project would contribute to fostering low-carbon development and promoting sustainable agriculture, as it has already been articulated.

In 2023, an International Energy Agency (IEA) review of Uganda's energy and climate policies found that the country had strong foundations for an ambitious energy and climate agenda. The review further emphasised the country's clean electricity sector, abundant natural resources, and dedication to expanding energy access.