“Those who exercise authority also have the duty to act with prudence,” he said, calling on leaders to place the interests of the wider community above all else.

The Pope also addressed Argentina's economic challenges, expressing concern for families struggling with uncertainty and unemployment.

“The economy must be at the service of the person and not the person at the service of the economy,” he declared.

Leo XIV emphasised the importance of education, urging greater investment in universities, vocational training and research to create opportunities for young people .

He also highlighted Argentina's vast natural resources, including water, energy and minerals , calling for responsible development that protects communities and the environment. On regional relations, the pontiff encouraged Argentina to maintain dialogue with neighbouring countries and pursue peaceful solutions to disagreements.

Senate President Basilio Núñez announced the verdict, declaring that Peña had been removed from office in accordance with the impeachment vote.

During closing arguments, Deputy Rocío Vallejo accused Peña of prioritising private interests over public responsibility and alleged his involvement in a scheme to divert public funds through weakened financial controls.

She claimed the banking crisis had affected approximately three million people and accused the former president of helping establish a system that attracted public resources while compromising financial safeguards.

Deputy Raúl Benítez defended the impeachment proceedings, arguing that the Paraguayan state had abused its citizens.

Following Peña's removal, Vice-President Pedro Alliana was sworn in as Paraguay's new president, while Antonio Barrios was appointed vice-president.

Meanwhile, Paraguayan police detained Peña at his residence in Asunción under an order from prosecutors investigating alleged breach of trust connected to the Ueno Bank scandal.

Lawmakers accused the president of misconduct and conflicts of interest linked to the troubled bank, whose collapse has left millions unable to access their savings.

Deputy Carlos Núñez Salinas argued that the allegations constituted poor performance of presidential duties and justified Peña's removal.

Opposition lawmaker Raúl Benítez accused the president of using his office to benefit associates, while Deputy Rocío Vallejo warned that the scandal had severely damaged public confidence in Paraguay's financial system.

Senate President Basilio Núñez confirmed that Peña would be summoned to present his defence and evidence at an extraordinary session on Friday at 10 a.m.

The impeachment trial will involve five sessions before a final vote. Removing Peña requires at least 30 votes in the 45-member Senate. The president has confirmed he will appear.

The crisis began on Tuesday when Paraguay's Central Bank intervened in Ueno Bank after its solvency reportedly fell below half the legal minimum.

The intervention froze deposits belonging to approximately 2.9 million customers, alongside an estimated $800 million to $850 million in public funds , according to the bank.

“I want to apologise to the people if at any point I failed. It was never my intention to betray the trust you placed in me,” he said.

His resignation follows a vote by Paraguay's lower house of Congress to pursue impeachment proceedings over allegations of conflicts of interest and misconduct linked to the bank's collapse.

Peña, who reportedly held shares in the company that owned Ueno Bank until last year, has denied any wrongdoing.

The crisis erupted after the bank entered insolvency proceedings, freezing operations and leaving millions of customers unable to access their savings.

Ueno Bank says it serves approximately three million customers, equivalent to about 60% of Paraguay's adult population, and holds pension funds and other public deposits.

Paraguay's central bank subsequently took control of the digital lender, while angry depositors took to the streets demanding access to their money and Peña's resignation.

The president announced that he had met with leaders of both chambers of Congress to fast-track legislation aimed at returning depositors' savings.

“We are working to return to each saver what is theirs as soon as possible,” Peña said, adding that the proposed measures would cover 98% of the bank's depositors.

However, the crisis has sparked widespread protests in the capital, Asunción, as citizens demand answers over the bank's collapse and the handling of their savings.

Peña is also facing scrutiny over alleged business connections to a financial company linked to Ueno Bank.

Opposition lawmakers have accused his administration of irregularities involving the institution's operations and financial management, with some pushing for possible impeachment proceedings.

“I looked at his face and said, ‘Dad, the persecution has begun,’” Bolsonaro said, claiming Brazil was operating under a “state of exception”.

The defeated candidate also accused electoral authorities of allowing irregularities during the presidential run-off, alleging that his opponents had violated electoral rules.

Bolsonaro said he received a court order requiring him to surrender his passports and prohibiting him from leaving Brazil.

Despite the order, he departed Brazil on Tuesday and arrived in Miami on Wednesday after travelling through Argentina and Ecuador.

The senator is under investigation for alleged money laundering and corruption but has not been charged. He denies wrongdoing and maintains that the proceedings are politically motivated.

Bolsonaro lost the presidential run-off to incumbent President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva by more than 4.4 million votes but has refused to concede defeat, alleging electoral irregularities.

His complaints include extended voting hours at some polling stations following transport disruptions and severe weather.

Addressing students, she described Venezuela's democratic transition as “irreversible” and expressed support for a roadmap outlined by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio.

“My presence in Venezuela shows that the three-phase plan put forward by President Trump is moving forward,” Machado said, adding that the proposed transition included presidential elections in 2027.

She called for reforms to Venezuela's judicial and electoral institutions, including the appointment of new Supreme Court judges and National Electoral Council officials.

Although Machado confirmed she was not participating in ongoing talks between the government and other political groups, she expressed hope that the negotiations would produce meaningful reforms.

“We are not taking part in this table, and as we warned at the time, we are not only not obstructing it, but we are very interested in it succeeding,” she said. Machado also welcomed acting President Delcy Rodríguez's acknowledgement of the need for elections but questioned her ability to oversee institutional reforms.

The opposition leader, who returned to Venezuela on October 25 after nearly ten months abroad, said she would focus on building civic networks and encouraging public participation to ensure a peaceful political transition.

Mexico's freight transport industry has demanded direct negotiations with President Claudia Sheinbaum after nationwide demonstrations disrupted highways and exposed growing frustration over cargo theft, extortion, operating costs and changes to tax incentives. The protests began on October 26 , following a call for an indefinite national stoppage by the National Chamber of Freight Transport (CANACAR) and other trucking organisations. The participating groups included the Honourable Mexican Alliance of Transport Organisations (HAMOTAC), the Mexico-American Federation of Transporters (FEMATRAC) and INDECO. In a joint statement, the organisations demanded high-level talks with the president and agreements that would identify responsible government agencies, specific actions and deadlines. They explained that they had declined an earlier meeting convened by the Interior Ministry because other transport associations invited to the discussions were not participating in the strike. "Our decision does not represent a refusal to engage in dialogue." The organisations said previous commitments made by the Interior Ministry in February 2024 had failed to produce sufficient improvements. They argued that their grievances extended beyond taxation to persistent highway robberies, extortion, killings of drivers and deteriorating roads.

Government and transport industry open negotiations over toll tax relief

Mexico's Interior Ministry and representatives of the freight transport industry have agreed to negotiate fiscal measures affecting trucking companies after a proposed change to tax relief helped trigger the nationwide strike. The dispute centres on the government's 2027 revenue legislation, which would reduce the annual revenue threshold for companies eligible for a toll-road tax incentive from 300 million pesos to 250 million pesos. Under the existing incentive, eligible companies can credit up to 50% of certain toll-road expenses against their income tax liability. CANACAR president Augusto Ramos said the proposed change would place additional pressure on companies already facing high fuel costs, expensive tolls, highway insecurity and delays in recovering stolen vehicles. Sheinbaum defended the measure on October 26, saying the government was seeking to direct tax relief towards smaller transport operators rather than larger businesses. She said the change would not affect people operating one or two trucks and pointed to other existing incentives involving income tax and the special tax on production and services.

Sheinbaum rejects US proposal for joint anti-cartel operations on Mexican territory

President Claudia Sheinbaum has rejected renewed requests from the United States to conduct joint security operations inside Mexico , insisting that cooperation against organised crime must respect Mexican sovereignty and territorial integrity. Speaking at her daily news conference on October 26, Sheinbaum responded to a New York Times report that the administration of US President Donald Trump had presented a memorandum proposing expanded security cooperation, including arrangements that could allow American personnel to accompany operations against drug cartels in Mexico. Sheinbaum said she did not know about the specific memorandum described in the report. However, she confirmed that Washington had repeatedly requested a more direct operational role for US personnel. She said Mexico had consistently rejected those requests. "They have asked us several times for joint operations in our country, and we have always said no," Sheinbaum stressed that cooperation would continue, but Mexican authorities would retain responsibility for operations conducted on Mexican soil. "We coordinate, but without their participation in our territory." She said any American agency personnel present in Mexico must operate within the country's National Security Law and Constitution.

Mexico–US trade talks advance, but Sheinbaum says no final agreement has been reached

President Claudia Sheinbaum says Mexico and the United States are making progress in trade negotiations , but outstanding issues must be resolved before either government can announce a final agreement. Speaking on October 26, Sheinbaum said Economy Minister Marcelo Ebrard remained in close contact with the US Department of Commerce over unresolved trade matters. She acknowledged progress in the discussions but cautioned against treating the negotiations as completed. "We are still working; we have not reached an agreement." She added that the governments were close to resolving some outstanding issues, but further discussions were necessary. The negotiations are taking place against the backdrop of the review of the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA), known in Mexico as the T-MEC. Mexico is seeking relief from US tariffs affecting several important export industries, particularly automobiles, steel and aluminium. These sectors are central to Mexico's manufacturing economy and its commercial relationship with the United States. Higher tariffs increase costs for exporters and can affect investment decisions, employment and the competitiveness of products manufactured in Mexico. Sheinbaum has argued that the two countries should preserve their economic integration while resolving disagreements through negotiation.

Justice and Peace Minister Gabriel Aguilar Vargas described the operation as a historic milestone, saying the transfers were carried out on the instructions of President Laura Fernández. “It is a historic day for all the people of Costa Rica. We are already, just as we promised, transferring the first prisoners,” Aguilar said.

Authorities said the operation took place under strict security measures, with inmates undergoing identity checks and security scans to detect prohibited items, including weapons, drugs and mobile phones.

Pablo Bertozzi, Director General of the Penitentiary Police , said experienced officers had been selected to oversee the facility and prevent criminal activities from continuing behind bars.

The prison, located within the La Reforma complex in Alajuela, was inaugurated on October 14 by President Fernández.

With a capacity of 5,100 inmates across five modules, CACCO is designed to ease prison overcrowding and strengthen authorities' control over members of organised criminal groups.

“I didn't endorse in Brazil. I thought I'd stay out of that one,” Trump said. “The end result, you know, it's fine, the end result. But the way they got to the end was terrible.”

Trump also expressed support for defeated presidential candidate Flávio Bolsonaro and his family, describing them as “fine people” and saying he would approve their entry into the United States .

Washington has already confirmed plans to grant US visas to Bolsonaro and his family, amid growing uncertainty over the senator's whereabouts.

Brazilian electoral authorities declared Lula the winner with 51.79% of valid votes, compared with Bolsonaro's 48.21%, a margin exceeding 4.4 million votes.

Bolsonaro has refused to concede defeat, alleging electoral fraud. He also faces investigations into alleged corruption , money laundering and tax evasion, accusations he denies.

Voters were seen arriving at the embassy, undergoing registration checks and casting their ballots electronically, while others gathered outside after voting.

Erasto Santos Cruz, who has lived in China for nine years, expressed concern that a Bolsonaro victory could weaken relations between Beijing and Brasília. “If Lula wins, it's a guarantee that China's relationship with Brazil will keep getting better and better, because Lula is an old friend of China,” he told Viory.

Hernandes Miguel, who travelled from Wuhan to vote, warned that a change in leadership could threaten progress in public education and social programmes introduced under previous administrations.

Another voter, Wagner Lacerda Dantas, described the election as crucial for Brazil's environmental policies , particularly the protection of the Amazon rainforest, and its international partnerships.

Meanwhile, Lara Vidal said she believed Lula's re-election would help Brazil resist political pressure from Washington and strengthen Latin America's independence.

The run-off follows a narrow first-round vote on October 4, when Bolsonaro secured approximately 47% against Lula's 45%.

The political landscape across the Americas has undergone a significant transformation since 2023, with a growing number of countries now governed by right-leaning administrations after a period in which left-wing leaders dominated much of the hemisphere.

The shift is most visible in North America and parts of South America, where recent elections have brought conservative or centre-right governments to power. Political analysts say concerns over inflation, economic growth, crime, migration and public dissatisfaction with incumbents have helped fuel the trend.

The United States returned to a right-leaning administration following the 2024 presidential election, while Argentina's election of President Javier Milei in late 2023 marked one of the region's most significant political realignments. Milei's libertarian agenda represented a sharp break from the country's long tradition of Peronist politics.

Elsewhere, Ecuador, Paraguay and several Central American nations have also been led by governments generally considered centre-right or conservative. The result is a noticeably different political map from just a few years ago, when left-leaning governments held power across much of the hemisphere.

Despite the shift, the political picture remains mixed. Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and Chile continue to be governed by left-leaning administrations, preserving the influence of progressive politics in some of the region's largest economies.

According to data from the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and regional election authorities, economic challenges have remained a dominant issue across the Americas. Inflation spikes following the COVID-19 pandemic, slower growth and concerns over public security have influenced electoral outcomes in several countries.

Political scientists caution that the traditional left-right divide often oversimplifies Latin American politics, where leaders frequently combine policies from different ideological traditions. Nevertheless, election results since 2023 point to a broader trend of voters seeking alternatives to incumbent governments.

The changing political balance comes as countries across the hemisphere face major challenges, including economic competitiveness, migration pressures, organised crime and energy transition policies .

Footage released by the Attorney General's Office showed the mutilated shark fins packed into sacks.

“Evidence indicates that the fins came from more than 1,000 sharks,” prosecutors said in a statement posted on X.

According to police , the shipment was intended to pass through Ecuador before reaching the illegal market in Hong Kong, where shark fins are sought after for their perceived aphrodisiac properties.

Authorities said the seized fins included those of threatened species such as hammerhead and thresher sharks.

Police arrested William Leonardo de la Cruz, suspected of being one of Colombia's leading shark fin traffickers. Prosecutors charged him with the illegal exploitation of natural resources and wildlife trafficking.

Illegal fishing offences can carry prison sentences of up to nine years in Colombia.

Cleaning worker Jehova Pessoa de Lima, 64, criticised Bolsonaro's perceived ties to US President Donald Trump and Argentina's Javier Milei, saying they had undermined his confidence in the candidate.

Gabriela Ribeiro Viana de Araujo, 29, said her concerns centred on protecting social policies and preventing what she feared could become a dictatorship.

However, cook Igor de Assis Coutinho, 42, argued that Brazil needed political change after years of governance by Lula and his allies.

“I think this is the time for a change,” he told the AFP, adding that although Bolsonaro was not his preferred candidate, he would support him over Lula.

Meanwhile, cleaning worker Damião da Silva, 69, praised Lula's commitment to poorer Brazilians, describing him as a president who prioritised low-income communities.

The run-off will take place on October 25, 2026.

Thousands of supporters joined the march, calling for continued mobilisation in the final days of the campaign.

Journalist Merrina Delgado expressed concern about Brazil's political future, accusing the Bolsonaro camp of threatening democratic progress. “We still have a few days to win votes,” Delgado said, urging Lula's supporters to remain active until polling day.

Influencer Fernando Saldanha also expressed confidence that Lula could reverse the first-round result in the state, describing the election as a broader struggle against what he called fascism.

Lawyer Laura Xavier said she joined the demonstration over concerns about foreign economic influence, particularly from the United States , and the future of Brazil's political left.

The rally formed part of Lula's final campaign push in Minas Gerais, where both candidates are seeking to secure crucial votes ahead of Sunday's election.

“Do we want a Brazil that kisses the Brazilian flag, or do we want a Brazil that goes on all fours before the American flag?” Lula asked.

The president has made national sovereignty a central theme of his re-election campaign, repeatedly questioning the Bolsonaro camp's ties with Washington.

Lula also urged supporters to intensify their campaign efforts both on the streets and online, describing the final days before the election as a decisive political battle.

“Lula's army cannot leave the streets, cannot leave the digital networks,” he declared, describing his supporters as an “army of dignity” and democracy .

The president also challenged Bolsonaro to disclose his financial and telephone records before agreeing to another televised debate, following a heated exchange over corruption allegations during their first debate on Sunday.

The operation was conducted by the National Police's Anti-Narcotics Directorate (DIRAN) under the Esmeralda Strategy.

Authorities said traffickers had mixed the cocaine with powdered panela, an unrefined cane sugar product, to evade security checks.

President De La Espriella said the seizure dealt a financial blow of more than 42 billion Colombian pesos, approximately $13.2 million, to criminal organisations and prevented over 19 million doses of cocaine from reaching the streets.

“There will be no let-up in the fight against narco-terrorism!” he declared, warning traffickers that authorities would continue targeting their operations and finances.

The president also praised the officers involved, describing the seizure as a significant victory against organised drug trafficking .

During the event, Lula celebrated a constitutional reform ending Brazil's six-day working week with one day off, known as the 6x1 system.

Under the reform, maximum weekly working hours will gradually fall to 42 in December 2026 and 40 in December 2027, without salary reductions.

Lula described the changes as a victory for workers, particularly women who balance paid employment with family responsibilities.

Supporters welcomed the reform and expressed confidence in his re-election campaign. “I am very happy and I have faith that we are going to achieve this victory,” said supporter Ana Luiza Santana.

The president also urged older voters and those who abstained in the first round to participate in the October 25 vote. Lula warned against a return of Bolsonarismo, arguing that the election would determine the future of labour rights and social policies in Brazil.

During the visit, Fernández inspected the prison’s armoury and one of its detention pavilions, observing inmates in their cells, undergoing medical examinations and participating in physical activities.

The visit followed Wednesday’s inauguration of Costa Rica’s High-Containment Centre against Organised Crime (CACCO) in San Rafael de Alajuela.

Built with Salvadoran assistance under a project initiated during former President Rodrigo Chaves’ administration, the $35 million facility can accommodate up to 5,100 inmates.

The new prison is intended to strengthen Costa Rica’s response to organised crime and rising violence linked to drug trafficking .

Fernández is also scheduled to meet President Bukele to discuss bilateral cooperation and regional security issues.

Protesters accused the government of undermining public universities through inadequate funding, low salaries and insufficient financial support for students.

“Lecturers are earning poverty wages, when they get paid at all. Researchers are leaving the country,” said Julia, a Brazilian student participating in the demonstration.

The protesters demanded the implementation of legislation aimed at improving salaries for university staff and expanding student grants. Student demonstrator Lautaro accused Milei's administration of refusing to enforce the law despite its approval a year earlier.

He also criticised rising transport costs, expensive study materials and worsening employment opportunities, arguing that financial pressures were forcing students to abandon their education.

Demonstrators additionally called for the repeal of Emergency Decree 70/2023, which they argued threatened Argentina's sovereignty.

According to local reports, at least 25 protesters were detained during the clashes, while eight security officers were injured.

According to the Navy, the seizure followed intelligence work coordinated with the National Police's Anti-Narcotics Directorate and an interagency force supported by the US Southern Command.

“The Colombian Navy achieved the seizure of 1.4 tonnes of illicit substances, valued at 15 million dollars,” said Lieutenant Commander Andrés Felipe Henao Morales.

Authorities discovered 47 packages aboard the vessel, which were transferred to the Buenaventura Coastguard Station for inspection.

Preliminary tests confirmed the presence of 1,460 kilograms of cocaine hydrochloride and 407 grams of marijuana.

The Navy estimated that the operation prevented approximately 3.6 million doses of drugs from reaching international markets. The three suspects were handed over to judicial authorities to face alleged drug-trafficking offences.

Colombian authorities said maritime surveillance and interdiction operations would continue to disrupt criminal networks operating along Pacific trafficking routes.

“He will get better. For God, nothing is impossible,” said Magdalena, one of the worshippers.

The Pope's hospitalisation has also raised concerns over his planned visit to Peru in November, with some devotees fearing his recovery could affect the trip.

“We believe that the Pope's health comes first, that he should recover, get better, and later be able to visit us,” said Maria, another attendee.

Pope Leo XIV, who holds Peruvian citizenship and previously served in Chiclayo, has strong ties to the country. Some worshippers expressed hope that he would still be able to visit once his health improves.

According to the Vatican, the Pope underwent surgery at Rome's Gemelli Hospital on October 13. The operation was successful and without complications, and he was reported to be recovering under medical supervision.

His South American tour is scheduled for November 6–17, with stops in Uruguay, Argentina and Peru. The Vatican has not announced any changes to the itinerary.

“Protesting is a right that every Colombian, every citizen in the world has, and we must value rights,” demonstrator Daniel Morales said, urging authorities to respect freedom of expression and assembly.

Another protester, Wilmer Caicedo, expressed concern over possible intervention by riot police, insisting that citizens should be allowed to demonstrate without intimidation. “We are protesting freely. It is the right to protest freely,” he said.

The demonstrations followed an October 12 announcement by President De la Espriella that his government would uphold the constitutional right to peaceful protest but authorise proportionate police intervention in cases of violence .

While the government maintains that the measures are intended to protect public safety, trade unions and civil society groups have raised concerns about their potential impact on the right to protest.

Protesters voiced concerns over workers' rights, women's rights and Brazil's sovereignty, warning against what they described as the growing influence of the far right.

Camila Lisboa, a member of the Socialism and Freedom Party's feminist caucus, criticised Bolsonaro's candidacy, accusing him of being disconnected from the realities of working-class Brazilians.

Another demonstrator, Taisa, expressed frustration over labour conditions and warned against potential threats to women's rights and what she viewed as growing US influence.

Other participants called for stronger political mobilisation among workers and young people ahead of the vote. “We want to defeat the far right that is coming on strong and does not represent the rights of workers, students and the Brazilian people,” demonstrator Julia said.

The rally followed Brazil's October 4 first-round election , in which Bolsonaro secured 47.03 per cent of the vote against Lula's 45.16 per cent. The two candidates will face each other in the October 25 run-off.

“We have not slept. We spent the night sitting out there in the middle of the street,” a resident of Los Santos said, describing the aftershocks as frequent and sometimes intense.

The disaster also threatened cultural heritage sites, including a 103-year-old property in La Villa de Los Santos used for film and educational activities.

“Unfortunately, we now have irreparable, irrecoverable damage,” filmmaker Irina Ruiz said, warning that the area's architectural and cultural heritage was at risk.

Local musician Eduardo Villareal described widespread destruction in his community but expressed relief that no fatalities had been reported.

“In my house many things collapsed, many friends, many neighbours. We have been through an experience that will never be forgotten,” he said.

Nearly 24 hours after the earthquake, authorities continued assessing damaged buildings. Panama's Civil Protection agency reported more than 100 aftershocks and at least 27 injuries, with no confirmed deaths.

Speaking to the congregation, Bolsonaro accused his political opponents of spreading lies and portrayed the country's political divisions as part of a spiritual struggle.

“Facing this spiritual war that Brazil is going through at this moment is not easy,” he said.

Bolsonaro also linked his presidential ambitions to his religious beliefs, expressing faith in what he described as God's plan for Brazil.

“I cling to what I believe is God's plan for our nation,” he told worshippers, adding that he hoped God's will would ultimately prevail.

The candidate also voiced support for his father, former President Jair Bolsonaro, who was sentenced to 27 years and three months in prison over a plot to overturn the 2022 election result.

“President Bolsonaro will be set free and Madureira will be there. Brazil will have a new president and Madureira will be there,” he declared.

The appearance forms part of Bolsonaro's efforts to consolidate evangelical support before his run-off contest against incumbent President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva on October 25.

“The car was moving and that's when I realised I was in an earthquake,” resident Oliver Cordoba recalled, describing scenes of panic as people rushed out of high-rise buildings.

Authorities continued inspecting damaged structures and monitoring affected areas, urging residents to remain calm and follow official safety guidance.

However, some residents criticised the emergency response, particularly traffic management during evacuations.

“What we are seeing right now is enormous chaos with the traffic,” teacher Ricardo de la Cruz said, expressing concern over the lack of police coordination.

The earthquake has also renewed concerns about buildings constructed on unstable ground and the country's preparedness for major seismic events.

“What is lacking is more preparation; much more preparation is needed,” student Lester Brown said. Authorities are continuing damage assessments as repeated aftershocks leave residents on edge.

“We are aligned to declare war, from January next year, on the narco-terrorists of Comando Vermelho, of the PCC, and on the militias,” Bolsonaro said, outlining their proposed security agenda.

The senator also urged supporters to mobilise on the streets and social media ahead of the October 25 presidential run-off, calling on them to counter what he described as misinformation about his campaign.

Beyond security, Bolsonaro proposed vocational training programmes aimed at improving economic opportunities for poorer Brazilians.

The meeting came amid uncertainty over Rio de Janeiro's governorship election . A court ruling concerning annulled votes and a revised tally could potentially allow Ruas to be declared governor-elect without a run-off against rival Eduardo Paes.

“Investigations are being carried out to see if the videos are real or not,” she said, adding that authorities were also looking into how individuals potentially linked to criminal organisations could have joined the conflict .

Sheinbaum suggested that recruitment could have taken place through private military companies or other organisations involved in the war, but stressed that the authenticity of the footage had yet to be established.

She also confirmed that Mexico had not contacted the Ukrainian government over the allegations, although diplomatic communication could be initiated if necessary.

The investigation follows recent unverified reports alleging that Mexican and Colombian cartel members have been recruited to receive private training in drone operations linked to the conflict in Ukraine .

Resident Sonia Rocha described how hail was followed by a sudden rush of muddy water that swept through her home, overturning furniture and forcing her family to rescue their pets.

“It was something terrible, terrible and very fast,” she recalled, describing how water, mud and branches rapidly filled the house.

Authorities reported six injuries, including a baby under one year old who suffered a fracture. Firefighters, police, military personnel and municipal teams were deployed for rescue operations.

Chilean President José Antonio Kast declared a state of catastrophe in Las Condes to mobilise emergency resources.

The National Service for Disaster Prevention and Response (Senapred) also issued a red alert for landslide risks across ten municipalities in Santiago, with classes suspended in affected areas.

“Brazilian youth is here today because we are not going to accept the rise of the far right,” demonstrator Maia said, accusing Bolsonaro's political movement of threatening the rights of Black people , women and LGBT+ communities.

Other protesters expressed confidence in Lula's chances, while raising concerns about US influence in Latin American politics. Demonstrator Gustavo said Washington's policies had a significant impact on the region.

Students also called for greater voter participation, with demonstrator Alexandre urging those who abstained in the first round to vote in the run-off.

The protest followed Sunday's election, in which Bolsonaro secured 47.03 per cent of valid votes against Lula's 45.16 per cent. Neither candidate won an outright majority, sending the presidential race to a second round.

“I believe that division is what is harming Brazilian politics ,” voter Felipe Pilissari said. “There is a prevailing sense of hatred and resentment between both sides. We need to find a balance.”

The comments followed a narrow first-round lead for Senator Flavio Bolsonaro, who secured 47.03 per cent of valid votes against President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s 45.16 per cent. Neither won more than half, triggering an October 25 run-off.

While conservative voter Santos Neto welcomed the result, others expressed concern about the country’s political direction. Daiane Alves said political disagreements were fuelling hatred, while Heitor Albuquerque raised concerns about attacks on institutions.

Bolsonaro also gained ground in municipalities that backed Lula in 2022, while his Liberal Party secured 121 of the 513 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. The run-off comes four years after Lula narrowly defeated Bolsonaro’s father, Jair Bolsonaro, in the 2022 presidential election .

Bolsonaro also invoked his father, former president Jair Bolsonaro, who is serving a 27-year sentence under house arrest over the alleged coup plot following the 2022 election .

The Liberal Party candidate pledged tax and bureaucracy cuts alongside tougher security measures, including more than half a million additional prison places and sentences of up to 80 years for leaders of criminal organisations. He also vowed to designate the PCC, Comando Vermelho and militias as terrorist groups.

Bolsonaro criticised Lula and presented himself as an alternative to the incumbent. “You look at Lula and you see the past; you look at Flavio and you see the future,” he said.

Bolsonaro won 47.03 per cent of valid votes in the first round, ahead of Lula on 45.16 per cent. The two will face each other in the October 25 run-off.

“We must always raise our voices for the freedom of the president,” Maduro Guerra said, while calling for national unity and support for acting President Delcy Rodriguez. He also maintained that his father and Flores were innocent of the charges against them.

Caracas resident Nancy Landaez said Maduro's supporters continued to await his return. “No one here has forgotten Maduro,” she said. “ People are out on the streets for their president and we are waiting for him here.”

Maduro and Flores were captured on January 3 during a US military intervention in Caracas and later transferred to New York, where they face legal proceedings over alleged narco-terrorism offences.

The comments came as the US suspended consular services at its embassy and consulates in Brazil on Friday, citing unspecified security concerns. Washington did not link the decision to Sunday’s election.

Another resident, Roberto, said he believed the timing of the closures was intended to influence voters, describing it as “foreign interference”. His claim has not been established by US authorities, which have said the suspension was for security reasons.

Brazil’s role in BRICS was also among voters’ concerns. Resident Andre said he believed a Bolsonaro victory could significantly alter Brazil’s position within the bloc, while a Lula victory would maintain its current direction.

More than 158 million Brazilians are eligible to vote on Sunday. If no candidate receives more than half of valid votes, a second round will be held on October 25.

“We have to know who these politicians are, know their proposals, because it is the future of our country,” student Pedro Henrique said. He expressed opposition to Bolsonaro, arguing that the rights of students, young people , Black Brazilians and LGBTQ people could be threatened under his presidency.

Student Vicky Rodrigues, who indicated support for Lula, raised concerns about possible US intervention in Brazil and access to the country's strategic resources. She argued that protecting Brazil's sovereignty should remain a priority regardless of the election outcome.

Voting in Brazil is compulsory for people aged 18 to 70 and optional for 16- and 17-year-olds. If no candidate wins more than half of valid votes on Sunday, a second round will be held on October 25.

Authorities said three men and a woman were travelling in the ambulance when it was stopped in northern Santa Cruz. The group had allegedly removed the bags of cash from a property belonging to Mariaca.

Police began counting the seized money at a facility in Los Tusequis as part of the investigation.

Mariaca faces allegations including organised crime , illicit enrichment or money laundering-related offences, and illicit trafficking of controlled substances.

For October, pensions were increased by 1.66 per cent, with the minimum set at just over 435,000 Argentine pesos, or about $285. Argentina recorded monthly inflation of 1.7 per cent in August.

“The minimum isn't even enough for medicines,” pensioner Walter said, explaining that the empty pots represented older people struggling to afford food, healthcare and even small treats for their grandchildren.

Another protester, Claudia, said she sometimes went to bed without food because she could not afford to eat. “I don't know how many months it has been since I last knew the taste of meat,” she said.

According to the Buenos Aires Ombudsman's Office, a retired couple paying rent needed more than 2.5 million pesos ($1,640) in August to cover basic expenses, nearly six times the minimum pension.

Music producer Daniel Roitman also supported Lula, pointing to the cultural sector and his assessment of former president Jair Bolsonaro's government. Administrator Flavia Zambom, meanwhile, backed Flavio Bolsonaro, highlighting proposals including lowering the age of criminal responsibility.

In Recife, Lula retains support among some voters who credit his governments with giving greater attention to Brazil's Northeast. Helena de Andrade Bezerra said the region's political trend remained more favourable to Lula, while Sergio Ferreira said he would vote for Bolsonaro because he believed the senator could “move Brazil forward”.

Professor Fernando Brancoli of the Federal University of Rio said Brazil's regional voting patterns reflect broader economic, social and political differences, warning that the country's electoral divide cannot be explained solely along North-South lines.

President José Antonio Kast has launched the Chile Despega employment plan , committing around 1.3 trillion Chilean pesos to measures aimed at creating more than 100,000 jobs and reviving investment as unemployment remains elevated. Kast presented the programme at La Moneda on September 28, joined by government ministers, political party representatives, workers and business groups. The government said the initiative is intended to provide an immediate response to a labour market in which unemployment has remained above 8% for 43 consecutive months and reached 9.5%. The plan has four main components: accelerating public investment and projects that can be executed quickly; expanding hiring and direct-employment incentives; improving liquidity for businesses and suppliers; and implementing employment measures at regional and local levels. Public projects involving infrastructure, reconstruction, housing, and municipalities are expected to accelerate from the final quarter of 2026, with physical investment increasing further in 2027. The government is also planning an additional 800 billion pesos for fast-execution projects.

Government opens talks on replacing disputed security reform

Chile's government has signalled that it is prepared to withdraw its controversial constitutional security reform if lawmakers can reach agreement on an alternative proposal with broader congressional support. The initiative was introduced on August 17 as part of the government's Agenda Against Organised Crime and Terrorism , or ACOT. Among its most contested provisions was the creation of an additional state of constitutional exception that could remain in force for as long as 240 days. Senator Pedro Araya, president of the Senate Constitution Committee, said on September 28 that the government had indicated its willingness to withdraw the existing proposal if lawmakers produced a replacement capable of addressing the security issues the original bill was intended to tackle. Araya said the goal was to develop a consensual proposal “in which both the government and the opposition can make clear what the central issues are that can help in matters of public security.” The emerging alternative would drop the proposed new state of exception and instead modify Chile's existing state-of-emergency framework to deal more directly with organised crime. Senators from different political blocs have been discussing the replacement text.

Argentina launches legal and diplomatic action over British flights from Punta Arenas

Argentina has announced sanctioning procedures, criminal complaints and diplomatic action after identifying flights operated by British company Thales UK Limited between Chile's Punta Arenas and the Falkland/Malvinas Islands . The government of President Javier Milei said the aircraft carried UK registration and operated on the Falkland/Malvinas–Punta Arenas route without authorisation from Argentine authorities. Buenos Aires claims sovereignty over the islands and refers to them as the Malvinas, while Britain administers them as the Falkland Islands. Argentina's presidency said: “The Argentine Republic will not stand idly by and will continue defending its sovereign rights firmly.” Buenos Aires said it would use diplomatic, administrative and legal mechanisms available under domestic and international law. The Milei administration has separately instructed its Foreign Ministry to begin arbitration proceedings under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea over the British-backed Sea Lion oil project in the North Falkland Basin. Argentina has demanded that Britain prevent the start or continuation of hydrocarbon exploitation activities and has warned that it could seek provisional measures from the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.

Pérez Mackenna defends relations with both China and the United States

Foreign Minister Francisco Pérez Mackenna has defended Chile's approach to its relationships with China and the United States following questioning in the Chamber of Deputies on September 28. The session was the first time a Chilean foreign minister had been subjected to the Chamber's formal interpellation procedure since that mechanism was introduced. Socialist deputy Nelson Venegas led the questioning, which covered Chile's relationship with Washington and Beijing, sovereignty issues, the Strait of Magellan and the government's involvement in the US-backed Shield of the Americas security initiative. After the session, Pérez Mackenna summarised the government's position: “We aim to have the best possible relations with China and the United States.” He said Chile sees China primarily as its leading commercial partner, accounting for around 40% of the country's foreign trade, while describing the United States as an important strategic partner across areas including defence, telecommunications and software. Pérez Mackenna rejected suggestions that ties with Washington compromised Chilean decision-making. “While I am foreign minister, Chile's sovereignty will be defended with all our strength.”

Chile declares three days of mourning after killing of corporal Cristopher Aguilera

Chile's government declared September 28, 29 and 30 national days of mourning following the killing of Carabineros corporal second class Cristopher Aguilera Fernández during a police operation in Lo Espejo, Santiago. Aguilera, 30, was carrying out preventive patrol and inspection duties with another officer on September 27 when they encountered an armed man. Investigators said the man produced a firearm with an extended magazine and opened fire on the officers. Aguilera suffered a serious gunshot wound and was taken to Clínica Las Condes, where he later died. His colleague returned fire, killing the alleged attacker at the scene. Prosecutors identified the gunman as Venezuelan national Brayan Farías Díaz and said he had previous detentions, including for carrying a bladed weapon and bribery. Aguilera was born in Peñaflor on July 15, 1996 and joined Carabineros in January 2018. He became a corporal second class in 2022 and had received 10 commendations during his career, including recognition for operations involving robbery, drug trafficking and illegal weapons. He was also the father of a baby under one year old. The government announced three days of national mourning beginning September 28. Kast also led a minute's silence at La Moneda. “When a Carabinero dies, a part of Chile dies,” the president said.

Lula extended his sovereignty message to Brazil's natural resources, saying foreign powers should not dictate how the country's wealth is used. He pledged to have critical minerals processed domestically to produce batteries, mobile phones and chips.

The president also criticised his political opponents and defended his government's decision to ban online betting platforms, arguing that they had contributed to debt among lower-income Brazilians.

The rally came just over a week before the first round of voting on October 4. Lula is seeking a fourth term as president, with Liberal Party candidate Flavio Bolsonaro among his rivals.

“The casino is in the kitchen, it is in the living room and it is with the pensioner,” Lula said, warning that children could also gain access to betting platforms using their parents' cards.

Lula compared the spread of digital betting to the country's experience with crack addiction, arguing that online gambling had an even wider reach because it was constantly accessible through mobile phones and encouraged dreams of getting rich quickly.

The ban will take effect once the provisional measure is published in the Official Gazette, but Congress must approve it for the measure to become permanent. In 2025, federally authorised online betting platforms recorded about 25 million users and deposits worth 220.6 billion reais ($42.5 billion).

Rodríguez stressed that the conditions leading up to the election would be crucial, arguing that “an election must be a solution, not a generator of irreconcilable conflicts”.

On foreign policy, she called for stronger cooperation with the United States and thanked President Donald Trump for his willingness to restore diplomatic ties. She said both governments were discussing cooperation on energy, security and economic issues.

Rodríguez also reaffirmed Venezuela's claim over the Guayana Esequiba territory and called for renewed negotiations with Guyana. She also addressed Venezuelans living abroad, saying the country should become one “that many will want to return to”.

He said his government would pursue a “peaceful, practical and effective” defence of Argentina's position and called for negotiations towards a peaceful solution.

Milei also criticised the United Kingdom over what he described as unauthorised commercial activity in the disputed territory.

The Argentine president used his address to criticise the UN more broadly, arguing that it had moved away from its founding principles of resolving international disputes through diplomacy.

“Delcy Rodríguez does not represent us,” protester Andrés Velásquez said, accusing the government of neglecting problems at home, including struggling hospitals and declining wages.

Lawyer Lurys Elena Medina also criticised US President Donald Trump over Rodríguez's presence in New York, questioning Washington's engagement with the Venezuelan leader amid the country's economic and social difficulties.

Rodríguez's appearance marks the return of a high-level Venezuelan delegation to the General Assembly following significant changes in relations between Caracas and Washington.

She became acting president after US forces captured Nicolás Maduro during a military operation in Venezuela on January 3, 2026. The two countries later announced the restoration of diplomatic and consular ties in March.

Rodríguez arrived in New York on Monday, saying her UN agenda would focus on respect, cooperation and dialogue among nations. She is also scheduled to meet Trump during her visit.

“When Trump speaks of terrorism, he speaks of state terrorism,” Lula said. “Who did that? It was Bolsonaro, when he tried to stage the coup of 8 January. That is terrorism.”

Lula also referred to the “Green and Yellow Dagger” plan drafted by retired general Mario Fernandes, a former official in Bolsonaro's government. According to investigators, the document envisaged killing then president-elect Lula, vice-president-elect Geraldo Alckmin and Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes.

Despite questioning the US designation, Lula compared the impact of criminal groups on communities to terrorism, citing extortion and restrictions imposed on residents.

“Those criminals are terrorists for the families who live in the neighbourhood,” he said.

Lula said organised crime had expanded its presence across Brazil's major cities and that authorities would focus first on disrupting criminal groups' logistics and movement before seeking to regain control of affected territories.

Public security has become a major issue ahead of Brazil's October 4 presidential election. Lula is seeking a fourth non-consecutive term, with Senator Flavio Bolsonaro, Jair Bolsonaro's son, among his main opponents. An AtlasIntel/Bloomberg poll published on September 17 put Lula at 44.1% and Flavio Bolsonaro at 41.7% in a first-round scenario; the survey had a one-percentage-point margin of error.

The initiative seeks to coordinate regional efforts against criminal organisations and transnational threats. Fujimori said the growing reach of criminal groups required countries to work together across borders.

"This criminality does not respect borders, and hence the need to join efforts with other countries," she said.

Rubio said Washington viewed the expansion of criminal organisations as a threat to security across the hemisphere and pledged US support for participating countries.

"We are going to help you in every way possible ... because it is also in our national interest not to have criminal gangs operating with impunity across the hemisphere," Rubio said.

He described the Shield of the Americas as an alliance aimed at confronting criminal and terrorist groups, some of which he said had acquired resources and capabilities exceeding those of national armed forces. Rubio said 14 countries were currently participating and expected the initiative to expand.

"It was an idea I initially had through localisation and telephony, and then I integrated it with a neural network," he said.

The system uses multiple drones equipped with different technologies, including thermal cameras that detect changes in temperature and humidity and tools designed to analyse conditions beneath the surface. The drones work together to identify and mark possible locations under collapsed buildings.

Villarreal said the technology was also adapted as bodies decomposed, with the system trained to identify indicators including bones, tissue, hair and nail residue.

According to Villarreal, his team has made more than 1,900 markings across affected buildings and may have helped locate hundreds of bodies, potentially approaching 2,000 by his own estimate.

Once a possible location is identified, volunteers and professional rescuers remove the rubble to verify the finding. "We have recovered family members and that has become a hope for many," Villarreal said, adding that the work is carried out voluntarily and families are not charged.

The team conducts much of its work at night, when reduced noise and interference are said to make some detection efforts easier.

Protester Carlos Enrique Fernandez Chacon said the demonstration was aimed at rejecting Rubio's presence and what he described as US interference in the region. "We do not ally with any imperialism, and we do ally with the peoples oppressed by them," he said.

Other demonstrators accused Washington of seeking control over natural resources and criticised US policies towards Iran and Venezuela . Protester Alejandra Cuentas also called on social organisations to continue opposing what she described as US imperialism.

The protest came ahead of Rubio's scheduled meeting with Peruvian President Keiko Fujimori on Thursday. Their agenda includes security , transnational organised crime, defence, investment, trade and cooperation in responding to the El Nino phenomenon.

"This base will make us the most important logistics hub in the South Atlantic and will be fundamental for Argentina's geopolitical projection," Milei said, adding that he would urgently send a national sovereignty bill to Congress.

The president also announced faster sanctions under Law 26,659 against companies involved in oil extraction in areas Argentina considers to be under British occupation.

"The Falkland Islands are Argentine by history and by right. There is no discussion about it," Milei said, reaffirming that his government would continue pursuing the claim through diplomatic and legal means.

The Falkland Islands, around 500 kilometres off Argentina's coast, remain at the centre of a longstanding sovereignty dispute between Argentina and the United Kingdom. The dispute led to a 74-day war in 1982, in which 649 Argentine service members, 255 British personnel and three islanders were killed.