What they said

Mosbah’s lawyer, Hela Ben Salem, told Reuters, “The verdict is a major shock, and it is part of a broader effort to dismantle civil society groups and shift responsibility for the state's failure to address the migrant issue onto these groups.” She also described the ruling as “a shocking judgment that has nothing to do with the case” and said it sends “a clear message: community work is suspect in the eyes of the current regime.” The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders and the World Organisation Against Torture said her prosecution is “part of a broader pattern of intensifying repression of civil society in Tunisia,” citing cases against rights defenders, media “smear campaigns” and restrictions on NGOs working on migration.

Several political parties and civil society groups in Tunisia have publicly condemned what they describe as an “attack” on the headquarters of the Tunisian General Labour Union (UGTT). The incident has intensified existing tensions between the government and the country’s largest trade union, which has historically been a pillar of Tunisia’s social dialogue. The condemnation reflects growing concern over the government’s treatment of organised labour and its potential impact on Tunisia’s fragile political stability.

Political parties and organisations say they are fully supportive of Gabes' protests

Political and civic organisations have voiced strong support for ongoing protests in Gabes, a southern industrial city plagued by pollution and unemployment. Demonstrators have demanded urgent government intervention to address the environmental and economic crises in the region. The solidarity statements from political parties underline the national significance of the movement, as Gabes continues to symbolise broader frustrations over inequality and governance failures.

Parties and organisations denounce one-month suspension of ATFD activities

Women’s rights organisations and political parties have denounced the one-month suspension of the Tunisian Association of Democratic Women (ATFD). The suspension, ordered by authorities, has been criticised as part of a wider crackdown on civil society and gender rights activism. The ATFD, known for its decades-long advocacy for gender equality, has pledged to challenge the suspension and continue defending democratic freedoms.

Political parties and NGOs call on Tunisian diplomacy to act immediately regarding the Sumud Flotilla

In response to developments surrounding the Sumud Flotilla, Tunisian political parties and NGOs have urged the government to take swift diplomatic action . The flotilla, organised in solidarity with Palestinians, has reignited Tunisia’s long-standing commitment to the Palestinian cause. Activists argue that the Tunisian government must take a more assertive stance on international platforms to support humanitarian efforts and peace initiatives in Gaza.

If passed, it would provide a one-time opportunity for Tunisians who are eligible to get a car at a cost price, either by importing it or buying from a registered dealer.

The plan targets individuals over the age of 30 and families whose income is below a certain limit.

It also makes provision for where the income cap is set at 18 times the guaranteed minimum wage, while for singles, it is 12 times.

In an effort to be more inclusive, the bill also gives preference to families who care for a person with a disability, especially those who haven’t previously received a specially adapted vehicle.

To qualify, the vehicle must be less than 10 years old at the time of purchase or import and must be acquired through an official dealership.

It is expected that lawmakers will begin discussing the bill after the parliamentary break, alongside debates on the national budget.

Currently, early retirement in Tunisia is tied to having at least three children and 25 years of work experience.

However, the new proposal removes that condition and focuses instead on how demanding work can be for women, especially in sectors like manufacturing, textiles, and services.

The proposal comes as Tunisia, like many countries, faces growing challenges with its pension system. With an ageing population and fewer workers supporting more retirees, the state pension funds are already under financial strain.

In 2024 alone, the shortfall in Tunisia’s social security funds reached over five billion dinars.

Meanwhile, the idea of giving older women the option to retire earlier has sparked debate in the country.

While the bill is yet to be fully debated in parliament, it has already raised important questions about work, gender equality, and how to ensure social protection systems can keep up with changing needs.

His lawyer said he also shouted insults, blaming the president for ruining his life after he was deported from Italy.

The Tunisian League for Human Rights said the inmate’s protest was reported by another prisoner and led to an investigation.

He was first charged under laws that protect the dignity of the president, but prosecutors later changed the charge to violating public decency.

The human rights group condemned the ruling, saying it shows how far free expression has been restricted, even behind bars.

The man’s family only discovered he was facing another sentence when he was not released as expected after the original case was dismissed.

His lawyer, Adel Sghaier, said the man had lived in Italy without documents and was sent back under a migration deal between Tunisia and Italy.

Rights groups have raised alarm about shrinking freedoms under President Saied, who has ruled by decree since taking full control in 2021.

“This is a policy of gagging voices that even extends to prisoners in their cells,” the Tunisian League for Human Rights said in a statement.

  What they said

Ghannouchi’s attorneys said in a statement , “All accusations were based on a false and contradictory testimony by a secret, anonymous witness who failed to present any evidence for his baseless and contradictory allegations, and who ultimately retracted most of them." His lawyers denounce what they call “unjustified judicial harassment” by the authorities and are calling for the release of imprisoned Islamist leaders.

Approved by parliament on May 27, the law is being described as one of the most important changes to Tunisia’s employment system in recent years.

It aims to protect workers from unstable job conditions and improve their rights at work.

Under the new law, permanent contracts will become the standard for most jobs, according to local reports .

Fixed-term contracts will only be allowed in special cases, such as covering for an absent employee or seasonal work.

If these conditions are not met, fixed contracts will automatically be turned into permanent ones.

Subcontracting of labour, a common but often criticised practice, has also been banned.

This means workers who were previously hired through subcontracting firms will now be given permanent roles with the companies they were working for.

Employees whose temporary contracts were ended between March and the date the new law takes effect will either be offered permanent jobs or given compensation based on how long they worked.

The law also introduces stricter health and safety rules at the workplace, with heavier penalties for companies that fail to follow them.

For the first time, remote work will be officially regulated, giving both employers and workers clear rules to follow.

Trade unions have since welcomed the reform and said it marks a step toward fairer and more stable working conditions in Tunisia.

They have also urged the government to make sure the new rules are enforced across the country.

Though slightly improved from 2023’s rejection rate of 24.35%, Tunisia continues to face one of the highest rejection rates on the African continent. The cost of applying also rose in June 2024, from €80 to €90 per application. With 38,055 applications denied, the financial loss for Tunisian applicants this year exceeded €3.4 million in non-refundable fees. Overall, Tunisians spent more than €16 million on visa fees in 2024.

France was the top destination, receiving 106,617 applications, which is about 60% of the national total, but it also rejected nearly 20% of them. Greece posted the highest refusal rate at 53.78%. In contrast, Germany showed a high approval rate, accepting over 84% of 85,476 applications.

Countries such as Romania and Slovakia received only a few hundred applications, highlighting the concentration of demand around Tunisia’s historical and linguistic ties in Europe .

The law, approved by parliament on May 21, will not apply to seasonal jobs or temporary replacements. However, all existing subcontracted workers, including cleaners and gardeners, must now be offered permanent positions.

Supporters say the law promotes dignity and fair working conditions .

In Tunisia, short-term contracts have often left workers with no job security, health insurance or social security benefits.

The new law includes penalties for employers who fail to comply, including fines and possible jail time for repeat offences.

But economists have raised concerns. They say the law may discourage hiring, especially in a country where unemployment remains high.

Tunisia’s jobless rate stands at 16%, with youth unemployment nearing 40%.

Tunisia’s economy expanded by 1.6% year-on-year in Q1 2025, driven by strong agricultural performance. Agriculture contributed 0.59% to GDP growth, with industrial output also rising by 0.5%. However, quarter-on-quarter growth dipped by 0.2% compared to Q4 2024, per INS data. Unemployment fell to 15.7%, while youth unemployment dropped to 37.7% and graduate joblessness to 23.5%. The government plans to resume public sector hiring for the first time since 2017. Minister Riyadh Chaoud confirmed that the 2025 budget includes 20,000 public job openings. The new hires are expected in public administration and state-owned enterprises. Officials hope this will ease Tunisia’s long-standing employment challenges. The data reflects cautious optimism amid persistent economic pressures. Observers stress the need for broader structural reforms to sustain gains.

Tunisia drops in global press freedom index

Tunisia fell 11 places to rank 129th in RSF’s 2025 World Press Freedom Index. RSF cited rising political, judicial, and economic pressure on journalists and outlets. “Self-censorship is spreading; fear is reshaping Tunisia’s media landscape,” RSF said. Several journalists remain jailed, including Sonia Dahmani and Chadha Hadj Mbarek. Boughalleb was jailed for criticising the Religious Affairs Ministry; he remains on trial. The 2022-54 Decree Law is now frequently used to prosecute media professionals. RSF warned of “systemic misuse” of outdated laws to silence dissent. Journalist arrests and suspended programs have sparked local and global concern. Media unions are calling for the repeal of repressive legal instruments. Press advocates say Tunisia risks democratic backsliding if trends continue.

President orders agricultural land audit

President Kais Saied has called for a full audit of Tunisia’s agricultural land assets. The audit will assess past distributions and investigate illegal land seizures. It coincides with the 61st anniversary of Law No. 5, which restricts land ownership to Tunisians. Saied said the audit must include all state properties, not just farmland. He noted that previous audit efforts were obstructed by vested interests. “This will ensure self-sufficiency and open global market access,” he said. The Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of State Property will co-lead the audit, Agency Tunis Afrique Press reports. The President linked land justice to national economic sovereignty. He underscored the urgency of restoring legal clarity and halting exploitation.

Public transport sector overhaul

Tunisia’s public transport system is under review, with new buses on the way. President Kais Saied met with Transport Minister Rachid Amri to discuss plans. The goal is to ease commuting pressures as the system nears total collapse. He ordered that all barriers to bus imports be lifted immediately, Agency Tunis Afrique Press reports. The meeting also addressed persistent disruptions at national airline Tunisair. Saied rejected calls to privatise the carrier or move Tunis-Carthage Airport. “Tunisair must remain a national symbol of pride,” he stated. He vowed to shield public companies from sell-offs amid reform calls. The president framed the effort as part of a "national liberation" strategy. Officials say public services will be restored without foreign control.

Social justice take priority

President Saied has reiterated that social justice must guide all reforms in Tunisia. Meeting Prime Minister Zenzri, he warned against fragmented, sectoral solutions. “Only a national, collective approach can resolve the people’s grievances,” he said. He reviewed multiple draft laws and criticised past governments for diversion tactics. Saied recalled how revolutionary demands were reduced to shallow economic concessions. He accused remnants of the old regime of exploiting the system for personal gain. “Power is seen as spoils by those who have no love for the nation,” he said. He urged Tunisians to remain vigilant and pursue deep, systemic change. The President stressed that justice must be both structural and moral. Observers see this rhetoric as setting the tone for future political reforms.

Bilel Sahnoun, Director General of the Tunis Stock Exchange, explained that the event showcased the mechanics of carbon trading. “Today, we witnessed the sale of 2,600 tons of carbon credits generated by a company in Malaysia and purchased by a Saudi company. This experience provided a practical illustration of how these markets function,” Sahnoun said.

Carbon credits are generated by entities that reduce or offset CO₂ emissions through certified projects. These credits can then be sold to other companies looking to offset their emissions, particularly those without the means to reduce emissions directly. “This system enables polluting companies to support mitigation projects elsewhere, contributing to global decarbonization efforts,” Sahnoun noted.

While no Tunisian companies were involved in the simulated transaction, the event was a step in introducing carbon market mechanisms to the country. Sahnoun indicated that the exercise could inspire future initiatives in Tunisia’s environmental finance sector.

Commenting on the broader economic context, Sahnoun also addressed global trade tensions. “The ongoing trade war remains unpredictable. Its outcome is unclear, but it is already affecting purchasing power, especially in Asia and North America , due to rising tariffs,” he said.

Looking ahead, he predicted a shift in global value chains. “We are likely to see a reconfiguration of trade dynamics, leading to a new global balance in business and commerce,” he concluded.

The warning comes as several prominent opposition leaders face trial on charges of conspiring against state security - charges HRW says are dubious and aimed at curbing political opposition.

“Authorities appear to be using vague laws and an increasingly compliant judiciary to target critics,” the report stated, noting a pattern of intimidation, detention without due process, and shrinking space for political expression.

Since Saied dissolved Tunisia’s parliament in 2021 and began ruling by decree, concerns have mounted about the country’s democratic backslide. Opposition parties have accused the president of orchestrating a “coup” and undermining judicial independence.

Saied, however, has consistently rejected those claims, asserting that his actions are constitutional and necessary to combat corruption and political paralysis. “I am not establishing a dictatorship,” he said previously, adding that his mission is to protect Tunisia from collapse, not to erode its democratic institutions.

The Human Rights Watch documented the prosecution and detention of six women and 22 men arrested between December 2022 and August 2024 for the report. 

For generations, rural households in Tunisia have used olive waste for cooking, heating, and animal feed. Now, Khelifi’s startup, Bioheat, is refining this age-old practice into a modern, scalable energy solution.

"It's very simple. Imagine producing energy and making money from waste, or as we say in Tunisia, 'kammama,'" said Khelifi. "The key is development - knowing how to turn something worthless into something valuable."

The innovative energy source has already caught the attention of business owners looking for cost-effective and eco-friendly solutions. Selim Sahli, who owns a guest house in Bouargoub, has incorporated olive waste-based logs into his heating system.

"Logs are more practical - not just from an ecological standpoint, but also financially," Sahli explained. "Wood prices have risen, and my expenses have dropped by 30% since I started using these logs. It's a much more economical option."

The presidency announced that only 1,544 migrants had been sent home since the start of the year.

It added that the number could have been much higher if more action had been taken.

Tunisia has become a major departure point for migrants trying to cross the Mediterranean to reach Europe . Many of them come from sub-Saharan Africa, hoping to land in Italy, just 150 kilometres away.

Stricter European border controls, however, mean many migrants are now stuck in Tunisia, often in difficult conditions .

The IOM runs a programme that helps migrants return home voluntarily and offers free flights and support to help them start over in their home countries. Last year, 7,250 migrants were repatriated through this scheme.

The journey across the Mediterranean remains extremely dangerous.

The IOM says 343 people have died or disappeared at sea so far this year.

Last year, the number was much higher, with 2,476 lives lost.

Earlier this month, Tunisia’s national guard rescued 612 migrants and found 18 bodies off the coast.

Despite the risks, thousands of people continue to attempt the crossing. Italy’s interior ministry says 8,743 migrants have arrived in Italy this year, slightly more than the same period in 2024.

The rescues occurred overnight, with the National Guard executing multiple operations after boats capsized or experienced mechanical issues.

Images released by the force depict distressing scenes of exhausted survivors clinging to buoys, while others are shown struggling to hoist lifeless bodies onto rescue boats.

The National Guard said they are working hard to stop people from trying to reach Europe illegally and warned about the dangers of these journeys.

Tunisia and Libya have become the main places where migrants leave for Europe, hoping for a better life.

Since Tunisia is only about 150 kilometres (90 miles) from Italy’s Lampedusa island, many migrants try to reach it first. Every year, tens of thousands risk their lives crossing the Mediterranean Sea.

They are accused of plotting against the state but activists say the charges are false and part of a government effort to silence critics.

Nine of the accused were not allowed to appear in court because the authorities said they were too dangerous to be released from prison. Their lawyers and protesters outside the courthouse demanded they be given the right to defend themselves in person.

Some have already spent more than two years in jail waiting for this trial, while others have fled the country.

 Some of them could face the death penalty if found guilty of charges including plotting against state security, terrorism, and having secret links with foreign diplomats.

Critics say President Kais Saied is using the courts to get rid of his opponents.

Since taking full control of the government in 2021, Saied has been accused of rolling back Tunisia’s freedoms .

There are also accusations that his crackdown has destroyed the democracy Tunisia fought for during the Arab Spring.

Saied has however denied this, accusing those on trial of being “traitors and terrorists.”

His supporters say he is trying to fix the country, which has serious problems like high prices, unemployment, and corruption. They argue that the old political leaders are to blame for Tunisia’s struggles.

International human rights groups have condemned the trial. The International Commission of Jurists said the way the accused were treated before the trial was unfair and that this raises serious questions about whether the court is truly independent.

A team of Tunisian engineers is working on the project, including Karim Beguir, the founder of InstaDeep, a company that specialises in AI.

They are volunteering their time to create this software, which will be 100% Tunisian-made.

The AI will assist doctors by analysing medical images, helping them make faster and more precise decisions. This is expected to ease the workload for radiologists and improve patient care.

The software will also allow hospitals without radiology departments to send images online for expert review, ensuring patients in remote areas get the care they need.

Tunisia has recently put new laws in place to regulate telemedicine, making it easier for doctors to use technology for remote medical services.

The government is also working on incentives to encourage more radiologists to join the public health system.

Ferjani praised the efforts of radiologists at La Rabta Hospital, who are already helping other hospitals by interpreting images and training doctors.

The new AI system is expected to expand such support nationwide, making medical imaging more efficient and accessible.

The UK has embarked on a significant partnership with Tunisia to tackle the underlying factors contributing to irregular migration. This initiative, spearheaded by Foreign Secretary David Lammy, includes a £5 million funding package aimed at educating and equipping potential migrants in Tunisia for employment opportunities, thereby reducing the need for dangerous journeys to Europe. Additionally, $1.2 million will be directed towards the International Organisation for Migration's Assisted Voluntary Returns & Reintegration Programme, facilitating safe returns for migrants, Gov.UK reports. This initiative forms part of the UK's wider 'Plan for Change', which seeks to enhance border security, curtail human smuggling, and uplift living conditions in migrants' home countries.

11 Russians arrested on suspicion of terrorism

Tunisian authorities have detained 11 Russian nationals on terrorism suspicions near the Algerian border due to suspicious equipment and alleged ties to terrorist activities. Although no formal charges are in place, these arrests follow police findings of equipment inconsistent with their tourist claims, as per Russian media reports. The Russian embassy in Tunisia has described these individuals as tourists exploring Roman ruins in Haïdra. Watan reports that While Tunisia is generally a preferred destination for Russian tourists, Haïdra is not commonly visited by them. Despite this incident, the diplomatic relations between Tunisia and Russia remain stable, with an emphasis on enhancing bilateral ties in the agriculture and energy sectors.

State of emergency extended until the end of 2025

In a move reflecting the ongoing security landscape, Tunisian President Kais Saied has extended the state of emergency to December 31, 2025, following a previous extension that was initially set to last from January 1 to January 30, 2025. According to Al24 News , Tunisia's state of emergency was initially declared on November 24, 2015, in response to a devastating terrorist attack. On that day, a bomb exploded on a bus carrying presidential guards, claiming the lives of 12 agents.

Tunisia expresses deep concern over escalation in Congo

Tunisia has voiced significant concern regarding the escalating hostilities in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), emphasising that the unrest poses a threat to peace initiatives and regional stability. The Tunisian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has reached out with condolences to the bereaved families and urged for the safeguarding of DRC's sovereignty, a de-escalation of violent actions, and adherence to the ceasefire established under the Luanda Process. President Felix Tshisekedi of DRC has promised a robust response to the March 23 Movement (M23) rebels, who currently control Goma and key infrastructure in the region. He has reiterated ongoing military and diplomatic efforts supported by the UN and regional organizations. Violent confrontations have critically affected Goma, which is home to over 700,000 internally displaced persons, reports Social News XYZ .

Italy and Tunisia strengthen ties with the Elmed energy link

A strategic partnership has been inaugurated between Italy and Tunisia focusing on the Elmed project, which aims to establish the first direct current electrical connection between Europe and Africa through a 200-kilometre submarine cable intended to integrate renewable energy sources. This collaborative effort aligns with Italy’s Mattei Plan, designed to enhance cooperation across the Mediterranean region and is spearheaded by the Italian grid operator Terna in partnership with Tunisia’s Sociéte Tunisienne de l'Électricité et du Gaz (STEG). As reported by Decode39 , The primary objective of the Elmed project is to amplify cross-border energy flows, diminish reliance on fossil fuels, and support overarching clean energy goals. The inauguration of the Terna Innovation Zone in Tunis is projected to foster knowledge-sharing and boost business growth in the renewable energy sector, providing a foundational training environment for local talent.

With a long Mediterranean coastline, natural hot springs, warm weather, and lower costs, Tunisia attracts many visitors looking for these treatments.

Seawater therapy has been part of Tunisian culture for centuries, dating back to the time of the Carthaginians and Romans.

The coastal town of Korbous has been a well-known centre for this practice, while other popular locations include Sousse, Hammamet, Monastir, and the island of Djerba.

In 2014, Djerba was named the Mediterranean capital of thalassotherapy by the World Federation of Hydrotherapy and Climatotherapy.

Tourism is a key part of Tunisia’s economy, making up about seven percent of the country’s GDP and employing nearly half a million people.

The sector has struggled in recent years due to terrorist attacks and the COVID-19 pandemic but has bounced back. More than 10 million foreign tourists visited Tunisia last year, a record number.

Thalassotherapy alone brings in around 1.2 million visitors annually, with most coming from Europe, particularly France. The industry generates about $63 million per year.

Many choose Tunisia for these treatments because they are much cheaper than in Europe. A one-week package, including accommodation, costs about 1,000 euros in Tunisia, compared to 3,000 euros in France. Despite this, experts say the sector is not getting the attention it deserves.

Plans are already in place to expand the industry. Eco-friendly thermal resorts are being developed in Beni M'tir, a mountainous region in the northwest, and near Lake Ichkeul, south of Bizerte.

With its natural advantages and growing popularity, Tunisia is positioning itself to become the world leader in seawater therapy.

This means the government will continue to have special powers for nearly two more years.

These powers allow authorities to place people under house arrest, ban public gatherings, impose curfews, and control the media without needing approval from the courts.

Officials say these measures help maintain security, but critics argue they limit personal freedoms and press rights.

Tunisia has been under a state of emergency since November 2015 .

The government first introduced it after a suicide bombing targeted a bus carrying members of the presidential guard.

Twelve security officers were killed in the attack, and the country responded by giving authorities more control to prevent further violence.

Since then, Tunisia has renewed the emergency law many times, even as the threat of attacks has decreased.

With this latest extension, Tunisia’s state of emergency will have lasted for more than a decade by the time it is set to expire.

Some Tunisians believe claims that migrants are part of a plot to change Tunisia’s population makeup.

The proposed law would let authorities deport migrants back to their home countries.

However, it says exceptions will be made for those who might face torture or other inhumane treatment in their home countries.

The law will also make provision for migrants to challenge deportation orders in court, local news reports say.

In 2024, Tunisia said it successfully returned over 7,000 migrants to their home countries through what it called “voluntary” repatriations.

But human rights groups disagree, saying many of these returns were forced. Critics also say the new law may be a way to make forced deportations official.

In 2024, over 20,000 migrants from 22 African countries were living in Sfax Al-Amra, according to government data. Many migrants there live in poor conditions and face disease and malnutrition.

Anti-migrant policies in Tunisia have been under international scrutiny since 2023 when President Kais Saied made a speech accusing migrants from sub-Saharan Africa of being part of a conspiracy to change Tunisia’s demographics.

The speech led to violence against Black migrants, many of whom were evicted from their homes or lost their jobs.

Reports have since emerged of migrants being abandoned in the desert near Tunisia’s border or held in poor conditions in reception centres.

Some migrants said they were forced to sign deportation papers. Human rights groups have also accused Tunisian authorities of abuse, including cases of rape and violence against children.

Even after the long waits, many leave empty-handed, frustrated by the lack of supply.

Residents say the crisis is taking a huge toll on their businesses and livelihoods.

The government says help is on the way, pointing to incoming shipments of liquefied gas, but many Tunisians are losing patience.

In some areas, people have blocked delivery trucks, pleading for gas to be unloaded immediately. In certain cases, security forces have had to step in to escort supply vehicles.

The crisis is even worse in the northwest, where temperatures drop below freezing and snow covers the hills. In these regions, the need for gas is urgent, but supply remains scarce.

Delivery trucks face long delays at filling stations, sometimes waiting up to three days before they are loaded, The New Arab reports.

Tunisia relies heavily on liquefied gas to heat homes and cook meals. Most rural areas depend on gas cylinders because only one-third of the country is connected to natural gas pipelines, mainly in major cities.

On a typical winter day, Tunisia needs over 200,000 gas cylinders, but disruptions in the supply chain have caused a severe shortage.

Bruce Ykanji, the founder of Juste Debout, explained the tournament's unique focus: “This stage aims to identify top dancers who will advance to the world finals.” The competition exclusively celebrates upright dance styles, including popping, locking, house, and hip-hop new style.

French-Tunisian organiser Syhem Belkhodja reflected on the significance of the event’s name and its resonance with the Arab world. “‘Juste Debout’ [was launched] because we needed to stand up, whether in Tunisia or in any other Arab country. It was this term that really struck a chord with me as a young person,” she said.

This marked the first time an Arab dictator was ousted by a popular uprising, rather than a coup, sparking the Arab Spring's transformative wave across the Middle East and North Africa.

The Arab Spring, which began in Tunisia in 2010, was a pro-democracy movement that shook the foundations of authoritarian rule, toppling several long-standing leaders.

Key leaders ousted include:

- Egypt's Hosni Mubarak: Stepped down in February 2011 after nearly 30 years in power, following mass protests.

- Libya's Muammar Gaddafi: Suffered a violent downfall in October 2011, after ruling since 1969.

- Yemen's Ali Abdullah Saleh: Resigned under pressure in February 2012, after leading the country for over three decades.

-Bashar al-Assad: Served as the President of Syria from 2000 until December 2024. Assad's presidency was characterized by a highly centralized and authoritarian regime, with numerous reports of human rights violations and severe repression.

The Arab Spring's impact was profound, reshaping the regional landscape and inspiring hopes for democratic reform. However, the aftermath has been complex, with ongoing challenges and uncertainties in many countries.

Athimni noted that their income has significantly declined. “We’re earning half, sometimes just a third, of what we used to,” she said.

Tunisia produces approximately 10,000 tonnes of aromatic and medicinal herbs annually, according to official data. Rosemary, which accounts for over 40% of essential oil exports, is shipped primarily to France and the United States.

For two decades, Athimni’s collective has supported families in Tbainia, a village near Ain Draham. In a region with poverty levels higher than the national average, women comprise around 70% of the agricultural workforce and are often the primary earners for their households, AFP reports.

Tunisia is now in its sixth consecutive year of drought. Water reserves in the country’s 36 dams, most of which are located in the northwest, have plummeted to just 20% of capacity—a record low.

The women of Tbainia typically harvest herbs like eucalyptus, rosemary, and mastic year-round. However, reduced rainfall and drying mountain springs have diminished both the quantity and quality of their harvests.

“The mountain springs are drying up, and without snow or rain to replenish them, the herbs yield less oil,” Athimni explained.

Mongia Soudani, a 58-year-old mother of three who joined the collective five years ago, said the work is her family’s sole source of income.

“We used to gather three or four large sacks of herbs per harvest,” she said. “Now, we’re lucky to fill just one.”

Tunisia’s forests, covering 1.25 million hectares, include 10% of the northwestern region where the women work. Wildfires, exacerbated by drought and heatwaves, have further reduced the resources available to herb collectors.

Last summer, wildfires near Tbainia destroyed approximately 1,120 hectares of forest. “Parts of the mountain were consumed by flames, and other women lost everything,” Soudani recalled.

In a significant development for military collaboration in North Africa, Tunisia has been selected to host the 2025 African Lion military exercise, the largest of its kind in the nation. This exercise, scheduled for April-May, aims to bolster military interoperability among participating nations and will see the involvement of up to 8,000 military personnel across various locations in Tunisia, with auxiliary events planned in Morocco, Senegal, and Ghana. Following Tunisia's recent Phoenix Express drill, this exercise exemplifies Tunisia's expanding role in international military cooperation, prominently supported by the United States and the European Union, The Defence Post reports. Over the past decade, since Tunisia's political transition in 2011, the US has channelled approximately $1 billion into Tunisian security, with $160 million allocated for the year 2023 alone.

Iran delegation visits Algeria and Tunisia as rapprochement gathers pace

An Iranian delegation led by Ibrahim Azizi is undertaking a visit to Algeria and Tunisia aimed at strengthening Tehran's influence in North Africa. This diplomatic engagement follows a backdrop of historically strained relations, particularly ancient suspicions between Algeria and Iran regarding support for extremist factions during Algeria’s civil conflict in the 1990s. Although diplomatic ties were reinstated in the early 2000s, The National says interactions have remained limited until the recent surge in high-level meetings. In Algeria, the focus has been directed towards amplifying bilateral relations, especially surrounding economic cooperation in sectors like agriculture, tourism, and education. Notably, the visit to Tunisia signals a transformation in the North African nation’s foreign policy stance, culminating from President Kais Saied's groundbreaking visit to Iran in May, and is further highlighted by Tunisia’s recent decision to ease visa restrictions for Iranian tourists.

Central bank maintains key interest rate at 8%

The Central Bank of Tunisia (BCT) has reiterated its cautious monetary policy by choosing to hold the key interest rate steady at 8%, in response to persistent inflationary pressures. The Bank's board reflected on economic growth rates which increased to 1.8% in Q3 2024, compared to 1% in Q2 and a contraction of -0.4% in the same quarter the previous year. The BCT council has signalled the necessity for cooperative efforts among stakeholders to enact essential reforms aimed at boosting supply capacities and achieving consistent growth metrics, reports AL24 News .

Tunisia dismantles human trafficking network near capital

Tunisian authorities have successfully disrupted a human trafficking network near the capital city of Tunis, apprehending the suspected leader along with an accomplice during a raid in Ben Arous. According to Daijiworld , the operation also involved confiscating forged documents and a substantial amount of cash. This intervention is indicative of Tunisia's ongoing commitment to bolster border security and combat transnational criminal enterprises, reinforcing its pivotal role as a transit hub for migrants attempting to reach European shores.

2 migrants dead, one missing off Tunisia

Two migrants lost their lives, and one remains missing after a migrant vessel capsised off the eastern coast of Tunisia. Twenty-eight others were rescued from the incident, with the ill-fated boat having departed from Teboulba, a town located 180 kilometres from the capital. New Arab adds that Tunisia and Libya are recognised as critical embarkation points for migrants aiming for Europe, particularly Italy. Alarmingly, since the beginning of the year, at least 341 bodies have been recovered off the Tunisian coast, with over 1,300 individuals reported either dead or missing last year, attributable to perilous sea crossings. According to the International Organisation for Migration, the Mediterranean has been the site of over 30,309 migrant deaths in the past decade, raising urgent humanitarian concerns.

The Week of Italian Cuisine in the World has commenced in Tunisia, focusing on the Italian-Tunisian gastronomic heritage, Ansa It reports. Italian Ambassador Alessandro Prunas inaugurated the event, aiming to promote the Mediterranean diet as a UNESCO intangible cultural heritage, with a theme centred on health and tradition.

Drug trafficking

Law enforcement in Tunisia apprehended six individuals for drug trafficking during an operation in the Ariana province, according to Daijiworld . The National Guard reported the confiscation of 170 drug tablets, Indian cannabis, and cash, with legal actions pending after discussions with the public prosecutor.

Economic growth

On the economic front, Tunisia's economy demonstrated a year-on-year growth of 1.8% in Q3 2024, buoyed by the agricultural sector, Marketscreener reports. Cumulatively, for the first nine months, the growth registered at 1%, with ambitions set for a 3.2% growth target by 2025, an increase from the 2.1% projected for 2024.

Transport railway funding

The Saudi Fund for Development (SFD) has embarked on several international collaborative projects in 2024, reaffirming its 50-year commitment to sustainable development. According to Arab News , Tunisia is set to receive a $55 million loan aimed at upgrading its phosphate transport railway network, a critical infrastructure for its economy.

Release of French PHD student

In a notable human rights update, Tunisia has released French PhD student Victor Dupont, who spent several weeks in detention for research related to social movements and youth unemployment. His arrest on October 19 sparked a significant backlash from academic circles, underscoring concerns over restrictions on academic freedom in Tunisia during President Kais Saied's administration. Newscentral reports that Dupont was released on November 12 and returned to France three days later, adding to the region’s discourse surrounding foreign researcher detentions and evolving human rights dynamics.

A French PhD student, Vincent Dupont, researching the career paths of 2011 Tunisian protesters, has been detained in Tunisia since October 19. His supervisor, Vincent Geisser, described the detention as "exceptional" for a French student and emphasised that Dupont's research is not politically sensitive. French diplomatic services are involved in the case, with Dupont's family in Tunisia for support. This incident occurs amid concerns over President Kais Saied's re-election and a crackdown on dissent in Tunisia.  

Tunisia to send 3 elephants to India for better care

Three African forest elephants, Achtaum, Kani, and Mina, aged 28 to 29, will soon be relocated to Vantara, a wildlife rescue centre in Jamnagar, India. They are coming from a private zoo in Tunisia that struggled to meet their dietary and veterinary needs due to financial issues. After nearly 23 years in captivity, the zoo sought a compassionate facility for their retirement, leading to Vantara's acceptance. The elephants face several health challenges requiring medical attention, and their current living conditions are inadequate. At Vantara, they will receive specialised care in an enriched environment designed to resemble their natural habitat, offering them a chance for a fulfilling life. 

Tunisia ranks high in unemployment rates globally   

The United Nations' 'World Social Report 2024' highlights a rise in unemployment rates globally between 2018 and 2023, with Tunisia ranking tenth among 22 countries experiencing at least a one percentage point increase, rising 2.3 points. Factors contributing to this trend include the COVID-19 pandemic, conflicts like the war in Ukraine, and climate change, which have disrupted economies and supply chains. Additionally, the report notes a significant increase in food insecurity, with Tunisia having a rate between 20% and 30%, alongside countries like Ecuador and Mexico. 

Family denied access to jailed Tunisian opposition leader since hunger strike

Family members of Tunisian opposition leader Said Ferjani have been denied access to him after he began a hunger strike in jail, protesting poor conditions and lack of healthcare. Ferjani, a leader of the Ennahda party, was arrested in February 2023 on various charges, including money laundering and undermining state security. His daughter reported that neither the family nor his lawyer has been able to get updates on his health, and doctors have refused to provide medical information. Ferjani's arrest is part of a broader crackdown on opposition figures following President Kais Saied's consolidation of power in 2021. 

Tunisian TikToker jailed 4 years for "obscene content"

A Tunisian court has sentenced a social media influencer to four and a half years in prison for sharing "obscene content," marking the first enforcement of a new law targeting TikTok and Instagram influencers. The influencer, along with four others arrested, faces charges related to "harassment" and "immoral behaviour." This crackdown follows Tunisian Justice Minister Leila Jaffel's directive to prosecute individuals who use social media to spread content that conflicts with public morals, igniting a debate about morality and freedom of speech in the country. Critics view the law as a means to suppress dissent against President Kais Saied, who has faced local and international backlash for consolidating power and undermining democracy. Concerns have been raised about the law's vague language regarding "moral and social values," leading to calls for clarity. The law reflects a broader trend, as several countries have taken action against TikTok over moral concerns.

The Italian Minister of Labour and Social Policies, Marina Elvira Calderone, is scheduled to visit Tunis on November 4, 2024. This visit aims to enhance cooperation between Italy and Tunisia, focusing on the development of regular migratory routes, Nova News reports. This will benefit both the countries and migrant workers through the enhancement of their professional skillsets.

Saudi-Arabia-Tunisia relations

Saudi Arabia is poised to strengthen industrial cooperation with Tunisia through various joint ventures, as revealed by the Deputy Minister of Industry, Khalil bin Salamah. The emphasis will be on harmonising industrial policies rather than confining efforts to specific product manufacturing. This approach intends to establish a collaborative platform that spans multiple industries, including pharmaceuticals and automotive sectors, with potential expansions into phosphates and energy. Tunisia's Minister of Industry, Fatma Thabet Chiboub, underscored the nation’s distinctive mining resources and proficient workforce as attractive incentives for Saudi investment, particularly in the automotive components and pharmaceutical domains. Both parties stressed the necessity for deeper regional integration among Arab nations to fully exploit investment and cooperative prospects, the African Manager reports.

Trade and economic interconnections

Tunisia is making strides towards becoming a major trade hub in Africa, with ambitions to establish a trans-Saharan trade corridor that connects North Africa with sub-Saharan markets. During the "Regional Export Mornings" forum, Tunisia’s Minister for Trade introduced initiatives aimed at creating a "Libya-Tunisia-Africa" corridor, facilitating connectivity between Tunisia and Libya to landlocked nations such as Chad, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, and the Central African Republic. This corridor is conceived to enhance trade and economic interconnections across the continent. Proposed plans involve the modernisation of customs procedures, the enhancement of the Easy Export programme, the revision of foreign trade laws, and the improvement of distribution networks to elevate export levels and attract investment. The Lybian Express reports that this initiative is part of Tunisia's comprehensive strategy to affirm its role as a pivotal player in regional trade.

Unemployment rates

The United Nations "World Social Report 2024" indicates a substantial increase in unemployment rates, with 22 countries registering at least a one percentage point increase from 2018 to 2023. Tunisia, classified as a lower-middle-income country, experienced a 2.3 percentage point rise in unemployment, ranking tenth among these nations. According to the African Manager , this alarming trend is attributed to several factors including the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, ongoing conflicts such as the Ukraine war, and climate-related calamities. Additionally, the report highlights a spike in food insecurity rates, with Tunisia recording alarming figures ranging between 20% and 30%, reflecting an urgent need for interventions.

Imprisonment

Tunisian commentator Sonia Dahmani has been sentenced to two years imprisonment due to her remarks regarding the treatment of sub-Saharan migrants within the country. Her sentencing falls under a contentious anti-fake news law, which critics argue is being exploited by authorities as a tool to quell dissent against President Kais Saied, who has intensified actions against his political adversaries since his assumption of office, ABC News reports.

Tunisia sentences prominent opponent Noureddine Bhiri to 10 years in prison

On Friday, October 18, a Tunisian court sentenced Noureddine Bhiri, a prominent official in the Ennahda opposition party, to 10 years in prison for charges related to attacking state security and inciting Tunisians against one another, according to a lawyer speaking to Reuters. Read more here .

Namibia introduces new minimum wage

Namibia will implement an increased national minimum wage for all workers starting in 2025, as announced by the government on October 17, 2024. Read more here .

Africa needs $90 billion to achieve universal education by 2030, AU commissioner says

Professor Mohammed Belhocine, the African Union (AU) Commissioner for Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation (ESTI), has outlined the financial needs for Africa to achieve universal education by 2030. Read more here .

Asia

Prabowo Subianto sworn in as Indonesia's president: Photos

On Sunday, October 20, Prabowo Subianto, a 73-year-old former general, was inaugurated as Indonesia's president. He aims to tackle internal challenges, focusing on eradicating corruption and promoting self-sufficiency. Read more here .

China boosts export controls on dual-use items, state media says

Chinese Premier Li Qiang has signed a State Council decree to introduce regulations on the export control of dual-use items, effective December 1, 2024, according to state news agency Xinhua. Read more here .

Tobacco-induced healthcare costs in Vietnam surge to $4.5 billion per year

Vietnam spends approximately $1.95 billion annually on tobacco, while the total costs associated with tobacco-related healthcare, illnesses, and deaths amount to an estimated $4.5 billion each year, according to the Ministry of Health. Read more here .

Latin America

Colombia had a record 53% cocaine production in 2023, UN reports: Video

In 2023, Colombia's cocaine production soared by 53% to a record 2,600 tonnes, while coca leaf cultivation expanded to 253,000 hectares, a 10% rise from 2022. Read more here .

Argentina analysing Brazil's request for extradition of Jan. 8 rioters

Argentina is reviewing Brazil's request for the extradition of Brazilian nationals in Argentina who are linked to an alleged 2023 coup attempt, according to Argentine presidential spokesman Manuel Adorni on Thursday. Read more here .

Colombia explores BRICS membership with India ahead of 16th summit

Colombia has initiated discussions with India regarding its potential membership in BRICS, the economic bloc comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. This move comes ahead of the 16th BRICS Summit, scheduled to be held in Kazan, Russia, from October 22 to October 24, 2024. Read more here .

On October 16, a tragic collision in Sidi Bouzid Province, Tunisia, resulted in the deaths of three individuals and injuries to two others. The accident, occurring in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, was attributed to hazardous conditions due to dense fog. Notably, Tunisia has been grappling with a severe traffic safety crisis, recording over 4,100 accidents this year, leading to nearly 900 fatalities, reports Social News XYZ .

Drought

In Southern Africa, a historic drought persists, impacting an estimated 6.5 million people. This environmental crisis is linked to the previous year's El Niño phenomenon. The Mirage reports that the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) has highlighted that 27 million individuals across nations such as Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe are affected. With the lean season forecasted to peak in January, the WFP has requested $369 million in aid, but only 20% of this amount has been secured thus far.

Political arrests

UN Human Rights Chief Volker Türk has called on the Tunisian government to uphold democratic principles following a stringent crackdown on opposition leaders and activists as the country approached its presidential elections. According to Arab News , concerns surrounding the lack of due process are exacerbated by the arrest of over 100 political figures and the implementation of restrictive laws limiting electoral dispute resolutions. The UN has also raised alarms over Tunisia's recent presidential election, which saw a remarkably low voter turnout and allegations of process manipulation by President Kais Saied, who secured re-election with a striking 90.69% of the vote.

Migrant maltreatment

UN experts have raised alarms over the treatment of migrants, refugees, and human trafficking victims in Tunisia, citing severe human rights violations during rescue operations at sea, including physical violence and capsizing incidents. The reported death toll of 189 migrants during attempted crossings from January to July reflects a disturbing trend, exacerbated by arbitrary detentions, particularly at Tunisia's borders with Algeria and Libya. As reported by Arab News , survivors often encounter dire conditions upon disembarkation, facing further risks from border guards. Alarmingly, an increase in human trafficking and sexual exploitation, particularly of young girls, signals a critical humanitarian crisis, amidst ongoing European support for Tunisia's immigration management.

Calls to uphold rule of law

Volker Türk has expressed profound concerns regarding the treatment of candidates during the presidential campaign, where over 100 figures faced arrests and only a fraction were accepted by the elections authority. The UN chief highlighted the absence of due process in trials and the inability to reinstate excluded candidates, reiterating the pressing need for Tunisia to recommit to transitional justice and implement rule of law reforms, reports UN .

The Independent High Authority for Elections (ISIE) on Monday, October 7 announced that Saied received 2.4 million votes.

"Mr Kais Saied received 2,438,954 votes, a rate of 90.69%," electoral head, Farouk Bouasker stated.

On the other hand, Saied's close contender, Ayachi Zammel secured 197,551 of the votes, while Zouhair Maghzaoui had 52,903.

"Candidate Ayachi Zammel obtained 197,551 votes, equivalent to 7.35%. Mr Zouhair Maghzaoui obtained 52,903 votes, equivalent to 1.97% of the vote," Bouasker added.

Only 28.8% of the nearly 10 million eligible voters participated in the election. This low turnout is seen as a sign of growing dissatisfaction with the political process in Tunisia, a country that once stood as a beacon of democracy following the Arab Spring uprisings.

Despite the low turnout, Saied's supporters celebrated his victory before the official announcement on Sunday, October 6, after the polls closed. Exit polls had already predicted a landslide victory for the incumbent president.

Supporters of Saied celebrated his likely landslide victory, chanting slogans such as "People want Kais Saied back!" as they gathered in the streets.

Saied, 66, has maintained strong support despite widespread concerns about his 2021 power grab, which led to his control over Tunisia’s political system.

Rights groups have expressed fears that Saied's re-election will further empower his rule, pushing Tunisia away from the democracy it became after the Arab Spring uprisings.

Tunisia, once seen as a success story for democracy in the region, has experienced significant political changes since Saied’s initial election in 2019.

Despite criticism, Saied's supporters view his re-election as an opportunity to rebuild the country. They see his leadership as essential in navigating Tunisia’s ongoing economic and political challenges.

Polling stations opened at 8:00 am (0700 GMT) and will close by 6:00 pm (1700 GMT). The AFP reports that preliminary results are expected by Wednesday, according to Tunisia’s electoral board, ISIE.

Many voters expressed their sense of duty and hope for a better future. Laila Hmaidi, a 47-year-old voter, said, "We must vote; it's our right. This is how we exercise our freedom." Another voter, Othman Hachmi, echoed the importance of the elections, stating, "We need to choose the right person to serve our country."

"The elections are really important for me. We have to choose the person we think is capable of serving this country. We can't change things with talk and words alone," another early voter Othman Hachmi said.

Despite the ongoing electoral process, some critics argue the lack of opposition candidates and the imprisonment of Saied’s rivals cast a shadow over Tunisia's political atmosphere. 

The Head of the Tunisian League for Human Rights (LTDH), Bassem Trifi has stated, "The presidential election will be neither democratic nor transparent." The electoral board, ISIE, has excluded independent organizations such as I Watch and Mourakiboun from observing the vote, alleging they received suspicious foreign funding.

Romdhane Ben Amor, spokesman for the NGO Forum Tunisien des Droits Économiques et Sociaux (FTDES), criticised the current climate, saying, "We live in a total rejection of any outside body with autonomy to observe this election." He told AFP that the Constitutional Electoral Commission has become a tool to reinforce the president's unilateral vision, sidelining numerous independent civil organizations known for their integrity and professionalism.

A member of I Watch, Souheib Ferchichi, also noted that the electoral authority's refusal to allow independent observers raises doubts about the integrity and transparency of the elections. "We have been excluded from election monitoring without any guarantee of the electoral process's integrity," she stated.

Only two candidates have been approved to challenge the incumbent in Sunday's election - left-wing nationalist Zouhair Magzhaoui, who is perceived as a token candidate aligned with President Saied, and Ayachi Zammel, the imprisoned leader of the liberal Azimoun party.

Tunisian authorities have taken decisive actions in response to a tragic migrant shipwreck off the coast of Djerba, leading to the arrest of 12 individuals, including a smuggler. This incident, which resulted in the deaths of 15 migrants, has drawn attention to the growing crisis as Tunisia becomes a significant departure point for those attempting the dangerous Mediterranean crossing, reports Barron's . This year alone, over 400 lives have been lost or gone missing in similar incidents, highlighting the perils faced by migrants seeking a better life in Europe.

Human rights activist detained

Human Rights Watch has condemned the pre-trial detention of Sihem Bensedrine, a prominent human rights defender and former head of Tunisia's Truth and Dignity Commission. Detained on charges of fraud and forgery linked to her efforts in investigating historic abuses, HRW asserts that her imprisonment represents a retaliatory measure by the Tunisian government to thwart transitional justice initiatives. According to the Jurist News , this development raises serious concerns about judicial independence as the nation gears up for the presidential elections on October 6.

Death toll from migrant shipwreck

The death toll from the recent boat sinking near Djerba has escalated to 16, with the coastguard and navy recovering multiple bodies, predominantly of undocumented immigrants, including infants. Those involved in such perilous crossings often face dire circumstances in their pursuit of safety and stability, reports Daijiworld .

Hanging democracy

A Democracy News Alliance study has raised alarm over Tunisia's regression towards authoritarianism amidst economic turmoil as the October 2024 elections loom. Despite Tunisia being initially hailed as a beacon of democratic progress post-Arab Spring, current analyses suggest that President Kaïs Saïed's consolidation of power threatens to reverse these gains. The report indicates a decline in Tunisia's fiscal capability, leading to discontent among citizens as unemployment and poverty rates continue to soar, The Manila Times report.

Presidential candidate jailed

A Tunisian court has sentenced presidential candidate Ayachi Zammel to 12 years in prison on charges of falsifying documents, says his lawyer, according to News Central . This marks the third prison sentence imposed on Zammel in two weeks, just five days before the country’s presidential election. Zammel, the leader of the opposition Azimoun party, was accused of falsifying voter signatures for his candidacy. Despite being imprisoned, he remains eligible to run in the election. Zammel denies the charges, claiming they are politically motivated by President Kais Saied’s government.

Despite the profession being male-dominated, Souissi has defied cultural expectations. "Our society doesn't accept women in this profession (fishing), but I decided to carry on and fight against this idea because I love this profession. I love the sea, I love fishing. You could say that the sea has been my hobby ever since I was a little girl," she told the AFP. 

Aside from the cultural challenges, Souissi and other small-scale fishers face another challenge, unsustainable fishing practices. "Plastic nets are a nuisance for me and for all fishermen. To this day, we continue to fish with these nets,” she noted.

Efforts to support fisherwomen are emerging as the Tunisian Society for Sustainable Fishing is beginning to empower and integrate more women through workshops to venture into the sector.

"We're here because we want to create additional sources of income for the people of the Raoued region, especially today by tackling a number of issues, such as climate change and the severe depletion of natural resources, as well as poor practices that have affected the fishing industry. This can only be overcome by solutions such as integrating women into the fishing industry," said Ryma Moussaoui, a coordinator with the Tunisian Society for Sustainable Fishing.

A recent student by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) disclosed that

Tunisian fisherwomen also struggle with access to banking, administrative benefits, and training, and are often viewed as "high-risk borrowers." 

The African Development Bank has approved $102 million in funding for Tunisia to support business competitiveness and job creation. The initiative aims to create over 118,000 jobs and improve living conditions in the face of economic challenges and high unemployment rates, particularly among young people and university graduates, the Middle East Monitor reports.

Tunisian rapper jailed

Tunisian rapper, Karim Gharbi, also known as K2Rhym has been sentenced to 4 years in jail for buying voter signatures. He was fined and deprived of the right to vote. According to News Central , his colleagues and employees also received prison sentences. K2Rhym, known for charity work, was denied a form to run for president. Critics say the current president has seized extensive powers and made it difficult for opposition candidates to compete. Only two candidates will run against the president in the upcoming elections on October 6.

Honey festival

Tunisia's honey festival celebrates beekeepers facing tough times due to climate change, pollution, and lack of resources. The festival, in its 34th edition, is a marketing opportunity for beekeepers to showcase their products and celebrate their heritage. The event also highlights the vital role of bees in pollination and the benefits for farmers, Africanews reports.

SIM card registration

Tunisia's ICT ministry has ordered telecom operators to deactivate unidentified or incomplete SIM cards and update their registers with correct and complete identification. The service will only be reactivated with a valid ID. According to Telecompaper , this is to ensure that subscribers are properly identified and verified with an official identity document.

Popular musician dies

Tunisian singer Yasser Jradi, known for his revolutionary music, passed away at 54 after battling health issues, according to The New Arab . His blend of traditional Tunisian sounds with contemporary influences, and his commitment to social causes made him a beloved figure. His influence extended beyond his music, with songs like "Enti Essout" and "Ghneya Lik" becoming anthems for Tunisians. Jradi took a road trip around Tunisia with his guitar and bicycle, performing for hundreds of people in marginalised villages. His death has left a void in Tunisia, with many remembering him as a guiding compass amidst chaos and loss.

In a related case, lawyer Sonia Dahmani was sentenced to one year in prison in July for comments she made about Tunisia in response to a TV pundit’s claim that sub-Saharan migrants were attempting to settle permanently in the country. Dahmani’s imprisonment further raised concerns about the state of free speech and the increasing crackdown on dissent in Tunisia.

The protests on Tuesday drew support from various political factions, united in their demand for the release of these detained women. Supporters of the Free Destourian Party gathered near the Ministry of Women’s Affairs, calling for the release of their leader, Abir Moussi, as AFP reported.

Moussi was also sentenced to two years in prison under Decree 54 for allegedly spreading “false news.” Moussi’s arrest occurred just two days after she announced her candidacy for the upcoming presidential election, scheduled for October 6.

Human rights groups have condemned the arrests, warning of an "authoritarian drift" and a significant rollback of freedoms in Tunisia. 

Demonstrators wielded placards with Arabic inscriptions. Some of which translated as "Women are not afraid of prison"; "Where are you, Madam Minister for Women, defending women's rights?”; "Women's rights are a red line"; "Don't touch women's rights," amongst others

Moussi was arrested by Tunisian police on October 3, 2023, for appealing against presidential decrees during a sit-in protest at the entrance to the presidential palace.

She was detained for 48 hours on charges of processing personal data , obstructing the right to work, and assault intended to cause chaos.

Her lawyer, Nafie Al-Araibi, labelled the incident as a "kidnapping in front of the presidential palace."

Moussi was prosecuted under Decree-Law No. 2022-54 over allegations including attempting to change the form of government.

Decree 54, was implemented by Tunisian President Kais Saied on September 13, 2023, to prevent offences related to information and communication systems.

Under the law, persons involved in the dissemination of fake news and rumours intended to defame others and damage their reputation stand to pay penalties of fines and imprisonment of up to five years in prison.

Over the past 18 months, more than 60 individuals have been prosecuted under Decree 54. On July 6, the Tunis Court of First Instance sentenced lawyer and columnist Sonia Dahmani to one year in prison after she made public comments about Tunisia refusing sub-Saharan African migrants from Europe. Human Rights Watch (HRW) denounced the decree on December 19, 2023, claiming that Tunisia's use of the decree breaches Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which guarantees the right to liberty.

If Moussi's sentencing is upheld in future proceedings, she will be banned from running for office as a presidential candidate. Meanwhile, Tunisian President Kais Saied submitted his official candidacy for the October 6 election on August 5.

53 Tunisian pilgrims have died in Saudi Arabia during Hajj 2024, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA). the ministry said the Tunisian Consulate General in Jeddah continues to closely monitor the situation of Tunisian pilgrims in coordination with the Tunisian Embassy in Riyadh, the Tunisian Medical Mission, and the Société des services nationaux et des residences.

Deceased Hajj pilgrims found

A group of missing Tunisian pilgrims have been found . The Consulate General of Tunisia in Jeddah managed, in collaboration with the Tunisian Embassy in Riyadh, the Tunisian medical delegation and the Company of National Services and Stays, to find missing Tunisian pilgrims.

Religious Affairs minister sacked

Tunisian president sacked the Religious Affairs Minister after the death of at least 49 Tunisian pilgrims during the Hajj in Saudi Arabia. The presidency did not provide a reason for the minister's firing, but it coincided with the pilgrims' deaths. A.A.com reports that The minister was criticized for posting photos of himself performing the Hajj while the deaths were reported.

Border reopening

Libya has postponed the reopening of the Ras Jedir border crossing with Tunisia, impacting trade between the two countries. The closure is due to tensions between Amazigh tribes and the Libyan government. The closure will have serious economic effects on both countries. Relations between Libya and Tunisia are strained, with unresolved issues dating back to 2011. According to The New Arab , the closure has also led to protests by Amazigh tribes against Tripoli's treatment of their community.

Handball

The Tunisian handball team defeated Iran 26-23 at the 2024 President's Cup in North Macedonia. Fatemeh Merikh was named Player of the Match, Mehr News Agency reports.

After Prophet Muhammad died in 632 AD, the Ibadis who did not agree to his succession were considered Kharijite heretics (holding opinions that differed from the generally accepted views). They fled to remote areas in modern-day Oman, Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria.

After seeking refuge in places like Tihert (now Tiaret, Algeria) they sought to settle on the Djerba Island.

Many of their manuscripts remained here on the island and remain held in family libraries today although some of them were sold or exchanged.

However, these artefacts face threats from both human and environmental factors including harsh weather conditions.

The remaining scripts in the library are protected by ozone generators which purify the air and remove airborne particles and mold to minimise deterioration.

74-year-old librarian and member of the Islamic offshoot Ibadism Said al-Barouni has taken up the task of preserving the remnants of his family's six-generation library and the remaining Ibadi manuscripts.

al-Barouni has resorted to scanning the manuscripts to record digital copies which can be preserved for future purposes. He believes it's "today's only solution" to preserve the old texts.

"Look at what Djerba's humidity has done to this one," he was quoted as saying as he held a tarnished piece of paper in his gloved hand.

AFP reports that due to the complexity of old Arabic cursive for modern readers, Barouni has started using Zinki, an AI software designed to read and simplify ancient texts.

Feras Ben Abid, a London-based Tunisian software engineer and founder of Zinki, says the tool provides access to numerous manuscripts that the average reader cannot understand.

It is also a way to "change misconceptions some have had on certain topics", he was quoted as saying.

The Djerba library holds over 1,600 ancient Ibadi texts and books on various topics, including astrology and medicine, dating from as early as 1357.

During the forum, President Xi will deliver the opening speech, highlighting the importance of the event in strengthening China-Arab relations. According to the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the conference aims to enhance cooperation and address global challenges collectively, People's Daily Online reports.

President Xi in a letter to the Council of the Arab League and the King of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al-Khalifa, in May, emphasised the resilience and independence of Arab nations amid global changes, noting their efforts in promoting development, defending equity and justice, and safeguarding regional peace and stability. He remarked that relations between China and Arab countries are currently at their strongest in history. 

He also recalled his participation in the first China-Arab States Summit in December 2022, where a comprehensive plan for developing bilateral ties was formulated. 

President Kais Saied of Tunisia has embarked on a historic visit to Tehran, marking the first instance of a Tunisian leader visiting Iran. According to the Tehran Times , the unexpected journey was motivated by President Saied's intention to honour the late Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi and Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian, who tragically perished in a helicopter crash in northwestern Iran on Sunday. Previously, President Saied had met with his Iranian counterpart during various summits, where they agreed to enhance cooperation and strengthen the relationship between Iran and Tunisia.

Support for Saied amid lawyers' strike

Tunisia protestors rallied in support of President Kais Saied amid a lawyers' strike prompted by the violent arrest of lawyer Sonia Dahmani. International organisations and foreign authorities have expressed concerns over the arrests, with President Saied speaking out against foreign interference. The strike and protests were in response to the raid of the Bar Association offices in Tunis and the arrest of Dahmani, who was charged with distributing false information and disrupting public order as reported by Jurist News . The protestors gathered in front of the Municipal Theatre of Tunis carrying banners condemning foreign interference, and the presence of migrants, and affirming Tunisia’s independence and sovereignty.

Journalist arrested over social media posts

Tunisian journalist Houssem Hajlaoui, co-founder of the independent news website Inkyfada, was arrested over old social media posts from 2020-2023. The Committee to Protect Journalists is calling for his immediate and unconditional release, citing concerns over the government's targeting of journalists and civil society figures. Hajlaoui's arrest is part of a wider crackdown on independent media and civil society in Tunisia.

Foreign investments soar

Foreign direct investments (FDI) in Tunisia reached 516.8 million dinars during the period, marking a 27.7 percent increase year-on-year. However, portfolio investments fell by 98 percent, totalling just 600,000 dinars, reports Azad News Agency . By sector, FDI in manufacturing led with 250.5 million dinars, followed by the energy sector with 176.9 million dinars, the services sector with 84.5 million dinars, and the agricultural sector with 4.9 million dinars, according to FIPA.

IMARS load training exercise

The U.S. Air Force and Army conducted a joint training exercise with the Tunisian Air Force to practice loading the M142 HIMARS rocket system onto a C-130J Super Hercules. The exercise took place at Ramstein Air Base in Germany, involving Tunisian and U.S. Air Force loadmasters and U.S. Army HIMARS personnel. According to Dvids , the training aimed to ensure precision and safety in the loading process, as the HIMARS system can be transported aboard aircraft for rapid deployment. The exercise was part of the larger African Lion exercise, which focuses on strengthening readiness and interoperability among participating nations.

What they said

Detailing the tragedies witnessed in the Sahara desert frequently, the coordinator of Alarm Phone Sahara, Azizou Chehou, said "They must not have been able to stand the heat. They must have also been exhausted and without water. We did not find any documents on them, so we weren't able to identify them. We are only in May, if the trend continues, we risk exceeding the 2023 figure of 23,000 deported."

Tunisian President Kais Saied has dissolved the National Swimming Federation board for covering the national flag at a meeting in response to sanctions by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). WADA had suspended Tunisia's National Anti-Doping Agency and banned the country from hosting major sporting events and flying its flag. President ordered immediate measures against those responsible for covering the flag. Tunisia has not yet complied with the revised World Anti-Doping Code and faces restrictions at the upcoming Paris Olympics, 24 Digital reports.

Activist arrested over government criticism

Tunisian police raided the Lawyers’ House and detained activist Sonia Dahmani over comments she made on a radio show criticising the government. The National News reports that the Lawyers Bar has announced a strike in protest, and President Kais Saied issued a decree in September against spreading false information online, resulting in the arrest of bloggers, activists, journalists, and lawyers.

Tunisian, Iraqi leaders meet

The Tunisian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Migration, and Tunisians Abroad Nabil Ammar invited the Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani to visit Tunisia and discuss activating joint files between the two countries. They also emphasised the importance of enhancing trade, education, and tourism relations and called for a unified Arab position on the situation in the occupied Palestinian territories. According to Shafaq News , the Tunisian Minister expressed the desire to expand cooperation between the two nations.

Protests over arrest of journalists, media persons

Hundreds of protesters in Tunisia demand release of imprisoned journalists, activists, and opposition figures, and a date for fair presidential elections. There have been arrests of journalists, lawyers, and activists, and the opposition claims the political climate is not suitable for elections. President Saied took additional powers and critics call it a coup. The Election Commission has not announced a date for the presidential elections, The Star reports.

  U.S. Air Force trains Tunisian Air Force

The U.S. Air Force and Army conducted a joint training exercise with the Tunisian Air Force to load a HIMARS rocket artillery system onto a C-130J Super Hercules. The exercise took place at Ramstein Air Base in Germany and involved precision in weight and balance computation, as well as calculating the center of gravity. According to the Defense Visual Information Distribution Service , the training was part of the African Lion exercise, aimed at strengthening readiness and interoperability among participants.

Tunisian President Kais Saied confirmed the expulsion of 400 sub-Saharan migrants to Libya, stating that Tunisia will not be a resettlement or transit country for migrants. He said "Hundreds of migrants enter Tunisian territory every day… it is no longer sustainable. Tunisia will not be a resettlement country for these migrants.” President Saied criticised NGOs that receive money from abroad and called for coordination between countries to address the migration issue, according to Agenzia Nova . Saied also discussed with the Libyan Interior Minister the joint work to reopen the Ras Jedir border crossing.

Opposition wants political prisoners freed before contesting election

Tunisia’s main opposition coalition is refusing to participate in the upcoming presidential election unless political opponents are freed and judicial independence is restored. President Kais Saied consolidated power in 2021, leading to the imprisonment of more than 20 political opponents, Arab News reported. The coalition is demanding the release of politicians, the reopening of the headquarters of the once-powerful Islamist movement Ennahdha, and the restoration of the independence of the electoral commission and judicial system, according to Arab News. Saied is expected to run in the election, which is likely to take place in September or October.

Tunisia’s Olympic swimming champion likely to miss Paris 2024

Tunisia's Olympic swimming champion Ahmed Hafnaoui may miss the Paris 2024 Games due to an injury. While he has not ruled out participating, his condition remains uncertain. The 21-year-old Hafnaoui won gold in the 400-metre freestyle at the 2021 Olympics and has achieved further success in world championships. If he is unable to compete, it would be a significant loss for Tunisia, Aljazeera reported.

Police raid sees refugees abandoned near Algeria border

Tunisian police raided refugee camps in Tunis, clearing them and leaving hundreds of sub-Saharan African refugees and migrants abandoned near the border with Algeria, according to Aljazeera . The refugees face hostility, kidnapping, and surveillance by authorities, and live in dire conditions with little access to medical care. Reports of kidnapping and trafficking of the refugees are widespread, with little protection or support from the government or media. The situation continues to deteriorate with no long-term solution in sight.

Prominent migrant rights activist detained

Tunisia detained activist Saadia Mosbah, head of a group defending migrants' rights, on suspicion of financial crimes. President Kais Saied during a meeting of the National Security Council on May 6 accused some migrant rights groups of treason, prompting protests and criticism. According to the Tunisian President, numerous officials in charge of civil society organisations that support the rights of migrants are "traitors" who accept funding from overseas. Tunisia has become a main departure point for people fleeing poverty and conflict in Africa and the Middle East, New Arab reported.

The 2024 sports baccalaureate exams have commenced in Tunisia with 129,098 candidates undertaking physical education tests. The exams will be conducted across 254 exam centres nationwide until April 27. Minister of Sport Kamel Déguiche visited various exam centres in the capital and expressed satisfaction with the smooth conduct of the assessments and emphasised the importance of prioritising physical education in schools. Déguiche highlighted concerns over the shortage of specialised physical education teachers in educational institutions, urging for concerted efforts to address the issue. According to Le Temps , the examination schedule includes practical and oral tests from May 16 to 29, with written exams slated for June 5 to 12, and results expected on June 25, followed by a control session and final results on July 14, 2024.

Traffickers of irregular migrants arrested

Twenty-one individuals declared wanted in Tunisia have been arrested by security units reporting to the Maritime Guard districts in Sfax, southeast of Tunis. These persons include smugglers and mediators involved in the trafficking of irregular migrants in the country, La Presse reports. Security officials seized a wanted car, and twelve iron boats and removed 1,151 tents set up by irregular migrants of different sub-Saharan nationalities. Two bodies of irregular migrants were also recovered by the team, the report further said.

Tunisia, NATO security partnership

Tunisia’s National Defense Minister Imad Mamish has met with the Chairman of NATO Military Committee Navy Lieutenant General Rob Bauer as part of efforts to strengthen its mechanisms and expand its fields. The minister acknowledged NATO’s efforts in building Tunisia’s defence capabilities with the empowerment of the Tunisian Armed Forces. According to Babnet , a local news platform, Navy Bauer also acknowledged the level of partnership between both countries and reiterated its commitment to intensify and further strengthen this cooperation.

  Efforts to tackle cyberbullying

The Ministry of Women has published the contact list of Child Protection delegates in the face of rising cyber harassment incidents in the country. The Ministry announced that two children were identified as part of victims of cyberbullying. The move aims to strengthen the protection of children against the threats they could face. The ministry also emphasised the need to alert and inform the Child Protection delegate through the two toll-free numbers 1899 and 1809 or contact Child Protection delegates in case of any such incidents. The full list is published on Tunisie Numerique .

Tunisia urges international action amid Middle East tensions

Tunisia has expressed concerns over growing tensions in the Middle East, particularly condemning what it perceives as continuous violations by Israel of international legality. In a statement released by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tunisia emphasises the urgent need for the international community to intervene to maintain peace and security in the region. According to Le Temps , the statement also calls for an end to hostilities and the lifting of blockades against the Palestinian people, stressing the necessity of unimpeded relief aid and preventing any further escalation of conflict.

Tunisia's maritime guards have rescued 1,335 undocumented immigrants from sinking boats and foiled 31 illegal immigration attempts in the past 24 hours. The operations involved arresting eight organisers and seizing 14 steel boats. according to a statement released on April 4. Measures against the immigrants will be taken after consultation with the public prosecutor's office, Xinhua reported.

Four sentenced to death for 2013 assassination

A Tunisian court has sentenced four people to death and two to life in prison for participating in the murder of political leader Chokri Belaid 11 years ago, Reuters reported on March 27. Belaid, a leftist politician, was shot dead by gunmen in his car in February 2013. The assassination shocked Tunisia and sparked violent protests following the Arab Spring in 2011. The jihadist Ansar Al-Sharia, an organisation classified as a "terrorist group" by the North African government, was involved in the assassination.

Trial of prominent journalist

Mohamed Boughalleb, a prominent Tunisian journalist, was put under pre-trial detention following a March 26 court hearing where he discussed corruption and the misuse of public funds by ministers and public institutions. Boughalleb's arrest came four days after he was arrested in Tunis on suspicion of insulting a public official on social media. His trial is scheduled for April and could lead to a two to four-year sentence, his lawyer disclosed to the Associated Press. The National Journalist Syndicate president of Tunisia, Zied Dabbar, condemned Boughalleb's apprehension, citing it as proof of how widespread the country's pursuit of journalists has grown. He added that eight journalists are on trial right now. "We can not produce on-demand journalism that conforms to the desires of those in power. What should a journalist do when he learns that a minister travels using public funds with a civil servant who didn't professionally have to be there? Must he keep quiet and not reveal the scandal? " Dabbar said.

Trafficking of illicit waste toward Tunisia

An investigation by the Financial Police, Customs and Monopolies Agency, and the Regional Agency for the environmental protection of Tuscany, Italy revealed a container bound for Tunisia supposed to contain textile waste was carrying undeclared waste, including plastic materials, leather, and household appliance waste.  According to Nova News , further examination into three other containers with similar characteristics, including discarded clothes, old household appliances, shoes, and toys. The criminal investigation resulted in the seizure of 82,5 tons of mixed waste was confirmed by the Italian authorities.

Foreign student leader released

Christian Kwongang, former president of the Association of African Students and Interns in Tunisia (AESAT), has been released from Tunisian authorities. Kwongang, a Cameroonian, was arrested in the North African nation on March 19 and released on March 29. He was accused of violating Tunisian law and undermining public order. Kwongang was questioned about his activities following President Kais Saied's divisive speech last year in which he criticised a wave of undocumented immigrants as a demographic threat, the Students' Union claimed.

A strike planned by agents of the National Interurban Transport Company (SNTRI) for February 28 and 29 has been postponed to April 29 and 30. According to the Transport Ministry in a release, the decision comes after a conciliation meeting held with senior officials of the ministry, the general secretary of the Federation of Transport, and general secretaries of the company’s basic unions. The meeting was held at the headquarters of the general directorate of litigation under the ministry, according to local news outlet Le Temps .

Bilateral Partnerships

Tunisia’s Foreign Affairs Minister has reiterated the country’s willingness to strengthen a partnership with the Principality of Monaco for cooperation in areas of common interest including Climate Change. During a meeting between the Minister of State and President of the Governing Council of the Principality of Monaco, Pierre Dartout, and the Foreign Minister, Nabil Ammar, both representatives outlined their countries’ commitment to continuing the exchanges and cooperation. The Monaco Minister also welcomed the holding of the 4 th session of the bilateral commission which highlights the interest shown by the principality in its relationship of friendship and partnership with Tunisia, La Presse reports.

Opposition leader quits hunger strike

Tunisian opposition leader Rached Ghannouchi of the Ennahda party has stopped his hunger strike which he started on February 19 over health complications. Tunisian authorities detained a number of high-profile critics of President Kais Saied including Rached Ghannouchi. Rached was visited on February 21 by a delegation from the Tunisian League for the Defense of Human Rights and the National Authority for the Prevention of Torture, both of whom suggested he stop his hunger strike. He reacted to this and quit the strike to avoid serious complications in his state of health, Tunisie Numerique reports.

Debt crisis

Tunisia’s new central bank chief may be facing an exceptionally challenging situation with efforts to avert its debt crisis as talks with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) remain in limbo. Felix Zouhair Nouri who was appointed as the new bank governor by President Kais Saied is expected to navigate the delicate balance of financing the government deficit, service debt obligations, and curb inflationary pressures. He must also seek to maintain the independence of the central bank after Tunisia’s parliament approved a law authorizing the banking regulator to fund part of the government’s financial needs for the year ahead. The decision of the new bank governor will follow previous inconclusive discussions with the president and his predecessor, Marouane Abbasi over the IMF bailout programme, the National News reports.

Olympics Football

The Tunisian national women’s team faced Morocco for a place in the 2024 Olympics. The team played on February 23 at the Soliman Stadium in Tunisia. This was the first leg of the penultimate elimination round of the 2024 Olympic Games against Morocco. The game was scheduled for the afternoon, according to Le Temps .