Researchers said some of the sharpest increases are expected in parts of the Horn of Africa, including Djibouti, Somalia and Ethiopia ’s lowlands, where extreme heat exposure is already rising and is projected to worsen as the climate warms.  

The report also highlights how vulnerability, not just climate, shapes outcomes. It points to Djibouti, which is projected to see a rise in heat-related deaths roughly twice that of Kuwait despite broadly similar hot-weather conditions, a gap the researchers link to differences in resilience and protection.  

“In Djibouti, temperature-related mortality is projected to increase by 55 deaths per 100,000, on par with the current death rate of HIV/AIDS, while Kuwait is projected to experience 25 additional deaths per 100,000, less than half the current death rate of heart disease,” the report found.

A major theme in the findings is inequality; poorer communities are expected to suffer the most because they have fewer ways to escape extreme heat, from limited access to cooling, to weaker health systems, to outdoor work that increases exposure. The Climate Impact Lab said this makes adaptation spending in low-income areas “critical.”  

 “On a day-to-day basis, our weather has become more extreme," said Celeste Saulo, WMO secretary-general.

Saulo said last year saw a devastating impact of heatwaves, wildfires, drought, tropical cyclones, storms, and flooding on the world, causing thousands of deaths, impacting millions of people, and costing billions in economic losses. 

The last ten years have experienced the hottest seasons so far, with 2025 named as the second or third hottest year on record, at about 1.43°C above the 1850-1900 average,” the report said. 

UN Secretary General António Guterres said planet Earth is being pushed beyond its limits. “Every key indicator is a red flashing flag,’ he said.

Published in observance of World Meteorological Day, the 46-page report covers global temperature, greenhouse gases, ocean heat, and sea level. It also highlighted other climate issues, including sea-ice extent, glacier mass balance, and the introduction of a new indicator for Earth’s energy imbalance.

The ocean continued to warm due to rising absorption of carbon dioxide. It has been absorbing the equivalent of about eighteen times the annual human energy used each year for the past two decades,” the report said. 

While annual sea ice extent in the Arctic was found to be at a record low, the extent of sea ice in Antarctica was the third lowest on record, and glacier melt continued unabated.

The warning from the WMO comes amid conflict between Israel and Gaza, Iran, the U.S.A., Ukraine, Russia, and Sudan. A recent study by researchers from Lancaster and Queen Mary University found that the conflict has generated approximately 33 billion tons of CO₂.

Countries such as Russia, Finland, Sweden, and Norway reported temperatures falling below -20 °C, with some Arctic stations registering extreme lows of -27 °C.

In the central and eastern parts of the continent, including Poland, Latvia, and Lithuania, widespread snow cover persisted, transforming landscapes and challenging infrastructure.

Farther south, colder-than-usual weather extended into parts of Germany, the Czech Republic, and Austria, where snow disrupted travel and daily routines.

Meanwhile, regions more accustomed to temperate winters, such as France, Italy, and Spain, saw varying snowfall, with coastal and lowland areas mostly free of snow, while higher elevations and interior valleys were under a white layer.

Europe has experienced a bout of snow since last year.

On January 28, 2026, Europe saw a return to classic winter conditions , with widespread cold weather and fresh snowfall across many mountain and ski regions following a period of relatively dry spells earlier in the season.

Most of the major ski areas reported steady snow cover because cold temperatures helped preserve existing snowpacks, while new snowfalls topped up terrain after dry periods, especially in the Pyrenees, Alps, and Dolomites.

The Pyrenees saw some of the heaviest snowfalls, with up to around 80 cm (32 inches) in 72 hours, but this also led to high avalanche danger off-piste. In parts of the Southwestern Alps and the Dolomites, typical winter snow depths ranged from 35 cm to 55 cm, boosting conditions for winter sports.

Despite the general wintry pattern, lighter snow and variability in accumulation highlighted that not all regions experienced equally heavy snowfall at the same time.

At the highest end of the scale is Ankara, where snowfall probability reaches 99%, consistent with long-term observations from the Turkish State Meteorological Service, which documents regular annual snowfall in the Turkish capital.

Similarly, Tehran records a 97% likelihood of snow. Its position at the base of the Alborz Mountains has long made winter snowfall a normal occurrence in the Iranian capital.

By contrast, several Gulf capitals, including Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, Doha, and Muscat, are shown with no measurable chance of snow. Data from the World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal supports this assessment, with average winter temperatures in these cities staying far above freezing levels.

Between these climatic extremes lie countries such as Jordan and Iraq. Amman shows a 40% probability of receiving snow, reflecting both its elevation and its periodic winter storms.

Baghdad, listed at 7%, rarely records snowfall, though it did experience a notable event in early 2020, a weather anomaly widely covered at the time.

The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) has reported that although global temperatures continue to rise, cold-air outbreaks and winter extremes remain possible due to climate variability and atmospheric disturbances.

"There is an 80% chance that at least one year between 2025 and 2029 will be warmer than the warmest year on record (currently 2024). And there is an 86% chance that at least one year will be more than 1.5°C above the pre-industrial level. The report does not give global predictions for individual years," WMO reports.

For centuries, the Dutch have reclaimed land from the sea using polders (enclosed tracts of drained land) and a complex network of dikes, canals, and pumping stations. The country’s lowest point, the Zuidplaspolder, sits about 6.76 meters below sea level.

Today, roughly 9 million people , more than half the population, live in areas that would flood without active water management.

The entire system is maintained by the “Delta Works,” a world-renowned flood defence network built after the devastating 1953 North Sea Flood that killed more than 1,800 people.

According to the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute ( KNMI ), sea levels along the Dutch coast are rising about 3 to 4 millimetres per year, roughly double the global average.

Land subsidence adds to the threat as parts of the west are sinking as peat soils dry and compact. The government’s Delta Programme 2025 warns that even a 1-meter sea-level rise could overwhelm existing defences by 2100, forcing massive infrastructure upgrades and potentially displacing thousands of residents.

Utrecht University researchers caution that a rise of 2 to 5 metres, which could occur in worst-case global warming scenarios, would make large parts of the Netherlands “unlivable” without dramatic adaptation.

The Netherlands’ situation is not isolated. From Venice to Bangladesh, low-lying regions face similar risks from sea-level rise and coastal flooding. Yet few countries have done as much as the Dutch to prepare.

Still, climate activists warn that even Dutch innovation has limits. Last week, artists installed red figures in Amsterdam’s canals to protest inaction on the climate crisis ahead of COP30 in Brazil, noting that “one-third of the Netherlands already lies below sea level.”

Super Typhoon Ragasa has struck one of the world’s most populated regions. It has left destruction in its path and tragically taken more than a dozen lives. Yet perhaps the biggest surprise is that the damage wasn’t worse. Here’s why.

What is a typhoon?

Typhoon, cyclone, hurricane – these words all describe the same phenomenon. The difference lies in geography and language. In the northwest Pacific Ocean, it’s a typhoon . In the Indian Ocean or southern hemisphere, it’s a cyclone . Along the US coasts, it’s a hurricane .

All are giant storms formed when warm ocean water evaporates and rises, pulling in surrounding air. As the Earth rotates, the Coriolis effect causes this system to spin. These storms can stretch 1,000 kilometres across. In the northern hemisphere they rotate counterclockwise; in the southern, clockwise.

Contrary to myth, the Coriolis effect doesn’t dictate how water swirls down your sink—but it does govern the spin of these colossal storms.

When does a typhoon become 'super'?

Different regions measure storm strength in different ways. In the US, hurricanes are ranked from Category 1 (winds of 119 km/h) to Category 5 (over 252 km/h—the speed of a Formula 1 car).

In the Pacific, storms graduate from tropical storms (below 88 km/h) to typhoons (above 118 km/h). A super typhoon is the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane, with winds over 240 km/h. That’s exactly what Ragasa became.

Many names

Naming storms helps authorities communicate more clearly and makes them more relatable as real threats. But names differ from place to place.

So one storm can have multiple names, depending on where you are.

Tracking Ragasa

Ragasa was first identified on September 17, upgraded to a tropical storm the next day, then almost immediately into a typhoon and super typhoon. On September 21, it struck Panuitan Island in the northern Philippines before moving towards southern China.

The storm’s toll included three deaths in the Philippines and fourteen in Taiwan, where a lake overflowed.

China’s Massive Evacuation Effort

The storm then struck Guangdong province, one of the most densely populated regions on Earth. The area includes:

Incredibly, nearly two million people were evacuated in a matter of days. That’s the equivalent of relocating the entire population of Vienna, Caracas, or Algiers almost overnight.

China managed this through a mix of extensive public services, door-to-door communication, robust transport networks, and a population that generally follows evacuation orders. This avoided the chaos often seen when people wait until the last minute to flee.

One community worker explained:

"At the early stages, we encouraged residents to make basic preparations, such as getting ready for evacuation, reinforcing doors and windows, and securing any loose items on their balconies."

And his example was followed by thousands of others visiting home after home.

For those without safe homes or relatives to shelter them, public facilities were converted into emergency shelters. In Shenzhen, some evacuees found themselves in school halls—simple accommodation with shared toilets, breakfast included, but little privacy or comfort. While Chinese media tends to highlight only the positive side of these operations, the sheer scale of the effort—2 million people relocated in days—remains extraordinary.

When Systems Work

Nature unleashed its full force: winds as fast as Formula 1 cars, storm surges, and rainfall measured in months delivered in hours. For those caught in floods in Taiwan and the Philippines, the results were deadly. Yet in the mega-cities of southern China, human systems held.

World Reframed is produced in London by Global South World, part of the Impactum Group. Its editors are Duncan Hooper and Ismail Akwei.

ISSN 2978-4891

The Hong Kong Observatory reported that over 355 millimetres of rain fell by 2 p.m. Tuesday, marking the highest daily rainfall for the month of August since records began in 1884. 

The downpour prompted authorities to extend the “black” rainstorm signal — the most severe in the city’s three-tier warning system — until 5 p.m.

In the eastern district of Tseung Kwan O, small boats capsized, and cars in a nearby outdoor parking lot were submerged in floodwaters.

The city's airport also reported delays to around 100 flights as of Tuesday morning, with one departure and one arrival cancelled, the Airport Authority said.

The Drainage Services Department recorded 25 flooding incidents by Tuesday afternoon.

Nearby, the city of Shenzhen in mainland China issued its first “red” rainstorm warning since 2018, local media reported.

Officials in mainland China are also facing challenges from extreme weather events, which have caused casualties, displaced communities, and resulted in significant economic damage in recent years.

Namibia's economy is significantly being affected by rising oil prices and a strengthening US dollar, leading to increased imported inflation and widened trade deficits. Simonis Storm Securities estimates that a 10% increase in Brent crude prices can raise Namibia's inflation by 0.8 to 1.2 percentage points, depending on currency stability. The Bank of Namibia faces challenges in balancing inflation control and economic growth amidst external shocks.

Namibia lifts ban on South African maize seed imports

Namibia's Ministry of Agriculture has lifted a temporary ban on maize seed imports from South Africa, initially imposed due to concerns over Goss’s Wilt. The ministry urges compliance with updated phytosanitary requirements to prevent the introduction of harmful pathogens, emphasising the importance of vigilance among stakeholders.

Upcoming Global African Hydrogen Summit in Namibia

The second Global African Hydrogen Summit is set to take place in Windhoek from 9 to 11 September 2025, under the theme ‘Ambition in Action: Fuelling Africa’s Green Industrial Revolution’. As reported , the event aims to gather influential leaders to promote green hydrogen projects and secure strategic investments, building on the success of last year's inaugural summit.

Local authorities in Namibia support alternative building materials

Local authority leaders in Namibia affirm their openness towards alternative building materials, contingent on safety and health compliance. Challenges remain regarding bank financing for these options, although precast slabs are gaining traction. As reported , some towns have successfully piloted the use of clay houses as a low-cost housing solution, indicating a potential shift in building practices.

Snowfall in Namibia: Impending cold front for Pretoria

Recent reports reveal that snow is currently falling in Namibia as a powerful cold front approaches South Africa, expected to affect Pretoria. The Eastern Cape will experience severe cold with snowfall and damaging winds from 25 June 2025. As residents brace for the chill, the South African Weather Service has issued warnings regarding potential disruptions to agriculture and infrastructure.

Though this incident was not fatal, other cases have had tragic consequences. On March 22, a student in Odisha , India, was killed while returning home from playing cricket in the rain. A day later, two people were killed and four others injured in India’s Chhattisgarh state, and an Israeli tourist was struck by lightning while vacationing on a beach in Sri Lanka.

Where the most lightning strikes happen

Although lightning is unpredictable, knowing where strikes are most common and how they occur can help reduce risks. Certain regions of the world experience significantly higher lightning activity than others, increasing the risk of fatal strikes.

Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela

Lake Maracaibo, South America's largest inland water body, holds the record for the highest frequency of lightning strikes. Known as the "Lightning Capital of the World," this region experiences lightning nearly 300 days per year, with up to 60 flashes per minute, totalling around 1,176,000 flashes annually. This phenomenon has earned a place in the Guinness Book of Records.

Democratic Republic of Congo

With an annual frequency of 205 lightning strikes per square kilometre, Kabare district in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is another global hotspot. The DRC is considered the most thunderstorm-prone country on Earth.

Pakistan

Three regions in Pakistan, particularly Daggar in the Hindu Kush foothills, experience some of Asia’s most intense thunderstorms. The highest monthly lightning frequency in the world has been recorded here during the monsoon season in July and August, surpassing even the most thunderstorm-prone months in the Congo.

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

While ranking only tenth in Asia for lightning frequency, Kuala Lumpur holds the title of the world's most lightning-prone capital city, with a flash rate density (FRD) of 93 lightning strikes per square kilometre annually.

Central America and the United States

Guatemala’s Sierra Madre foothills experience frequent thunderstorms. Two of its regions have an FRD of 117 and 103 lightning strikes per square kilometre per year, making them the most lightning-prone areas in North America.

In the United States, the most lightning-active region is Orangetree, Florida, with activity peaking in July.

How you can get ‘struck by lightning’ 

Some of the ways a person can be struck, according to the American Weather Service , can be through a direct strike when a person is in an open area and lightning directly hits them, a side flash when lightning strikes a taller object nearby and a portion of the current jumps to the victim, or a ground current when lightning strikes an object such as a tree and the energy travels outward through the ground, affecting those nearby.

However, some cities around the world experience significantly fewer sunshine hours , often due to their geographical location and climate.

Here are the top 8 cities with the least sunshine hours annually:

The Philippine Weather Service warned that the heat index, which measures how hot it feels when humidity is factored in, could reach a dangerous level.

This can cause heat exhaustion and cramps. Although the actual temperature was expected to be around 33°C (91°F), officials decided it was safer to cancel classes in many areas.

In Malabon, a district in the capital, more than 68,000 students across 42 schools had to stay home. Other districts, such as Valenzuela, have switched to online learning to keep children safe from the extreme heat.

This is not the first time a heat wave has disrupted schools in the Philippines.

Similar conditions last year led to frequent class suspensions.

Climate experts warn that global warming is making extreme weather events more common. According to UNICEF, extreme weather affected 242 million children worldwide in 2024.

One local official said the decision to close schools was necessary to protect students.

"The safety of children is our top priority. We cannot risk their health in this kind of heat," he said.

Reports indicate that students were struggling to concentrate even before schools shut down.

The country is now entering the dry season, meaning high temperatures could continue for weeks. Authorities say they will keep monitoring the situation and adjust school schedules as needed.

The decision was made on January 29, 2025, during a government meeting.

According to the new directive , local governors, police, and child protection agencies are responsible for making sure the rule is followed.

Under the directive, no one under 18 is allowed to ride in races, horse jumping events, or any related activities during these seasons.

Officials say the ban is necessary because winter and spring races happen in extreme weather and factors like wind speed, temperature, and environmental conditions can make racing risky, especially for young riders.

“Local authorities are required to oversee and ensure compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and standards to guarantee safety in organizing horse races,” a statement signed by the Prime and Deputy Prime Ministers L. Oyun-Erdene and S. Amarsaikhan said.

The General Police Department and the National Human Rights Commission will oversee the enforcement of this rule.

Also, the country’s Deputy Prime Minister S. Amarsaikhan has been assigned to supervise its implementation while other government officials, including Minister of Justice O. Altangerel, have also been tasked with ensuring full compliance.

Even after the long waits, many leave empty-handed, frustrated by the lack of supply.

Residents say the crisis is taking a huge toll on their businesses and livelihoods.

The government says help is on the way, pointing to incoming shipments of liquefied gas, but many Tunisians are losing patience.

In some areas, people have blocked delivery trucks, pleading for gas to be unloaded immediately. In certain cases, security forces have had to step in to escort supply vehicles.

The crisis is even worse in the northwest, where temperatures drop below freezing and snow covers the hills. In these regions, the need for gas is urgent, but supply remains scarce.

Delivery trucks face long delays at filling stations, sometimes waiting up to three days before they are loaded, The New Arab reports.

Tunisia relies heavily on liquefied gas to heat homes and cook meals. Most rural areas depend on gas cylinders because only one-third of the country is connected to natural gas pipelines, mainly in major cities.

On a typical winter day, Tunisia needs over 200,000 gas cylinders, but disruptions in the supply chain have caused a severe shortage.

In the face of Argentina's economic crisis, the staff at Garrahan Paediatric Hospital in Buenos Aires express grave concerns regarding the financial struggles impacting patient care. Despite not facing budget cuts, the institution suffers from unfulfilled orders and resource shortages, forcing medical professionals to revert to outdated surgical techniques, The Guardian reports. With annual inflation soaring above 193%, many health workers find their purchasing power drastically diminished, pushing them below the poverty line. Critics of the government's austerity measures argue that the significant cuts in health spending threaten the integrity of healthcare services. The hospital staff remains determined to protest, feeling their voices are not adequately heard amidst the ongoing crisis.

High temperatures affect crops

Argentina's agricultural sector faces a looming threat as the hot and dry summer conditions begin to adversely affect the 2024/25 soybean and corn crops. Following a favourable spring, the Buenos Aires grains exchange highlights the water stress developing, particularly in crucial agricultural regions. Significant rainfall deficits, exemplified by only 35 millimetres falling in December against a historical average of 110 millimetres, pose serious concerns for crop yielding. While the majority of the soybean and corn fields have been planted, the adequacy of water in soybean cropland has dipped to 81%. Despite these challenges, overall crop progression remains steady due to previous moisture availability.

Manslaughter

Argentine midfielder Rodrigo Garro was charged on January 5 with involuntary manslaughter following a crash that killed a motorcyclist in his hometown of General Pico in Argentina's La Pampa province. According to Channel News Asia , the 30-year-old victim, Nicolas Chiaraviglio, died at the scene after his motorcycle was struck by a pickup truck early on Saturday morning.

  Hemp farming

The legal landscape surrounding the hemp and medicinal cannabis industry in Argentina sees a tightening of regulations with the approval of new measures by ARICCAME. Hemp Today reports that these regulations impose administrative sanctions for non-compliance, including potential fines and license revocations. Mandatory compliance with licensing obligations is now in effect, bolstering industry accountability and aligning with global best practices. With the previous legalisation of hemp farming in 2022, the government is set to invest significantly in cannabis research, aiming to unlock the multifaceted potential of hemp.

Bilateral relations

In a notable political engagement, Venezuelan opposition leader González and Argentine president Milei have been seen interacting with the public in Buenos Aires, marking an important instance of political solidarity, according to reports .

A similar situation unfolded on January 3, when heavy fog delayed over 400 flights, Hindustan Times reports .

At Palam, zero visibility lasted from 6 pm to 3 am (UTC), while the city’s main weather station at Safdarjung reported eight hours of zero visibility.

Train services were also badly affected. Northern Railway reported that 59 trains were delayed by up to six hours, and 22 trains by around eight hours.

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) said the maximum temperature on January 4 was 20°C, while the minimum dropped to 7.8°C. The city’s air quality remained in the "very poor" category with a 24-hour average Air Quality Index (AQI) of 378.

Travellers and commuters are advised to check updates as foggy conditions are expected to continue affecting transport.

Organizers made the difficult decision to also cancel the highly anticipated street party, a concert by the Scottish band Texas, and the spectacular fireworks display from Edinburgh Castle.

This decision was driven by safety concerns as heavy rain and winds exceeding 40 miles per hour were forecasted to hit the region.

With the festivities called off, the Royal Mile, usually filled with the sounds of music, laughter, and celebration, was left deserted.

The streets, which would typically be thronged with people enjoying the various events, were empty, creating an unusual and sombre atmosphere in the heart of the city as others poured out their disappointments.

The cancellation of these events, which were expected to attract over 100,000 visitors and generate more than £48 million for the local economy, is also a significant blow to the city's tourism sector.

Supporters of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, led by former Prime Minister Khaleda Zia, protested against a recent attack by a Hindu mob in India's Agartala on December 2. The demonstration included rallies en route to the border, following bilateral meetings between the foreign secretaries of Bangladesh and India aimed at reducing tensions. Bangladesh condemned the attacks, which involved the desecration of its flags, and summoned the Indian High Commissioner to express its protest. India expressed regret and committed to taking action, The Economic Times reports. Strains in relations were exacerbated by the arrest of a Hindu leader in Bangladesh and visa restrictions imposed by India on Bangladeshis. Protests in both countries have resulted in heightened tensions.

Military technology

India is looking to enhance its military capabilities by potentially acquiring Russia’s Sukhoi Su-57 stealth fighter jets, including a two-seater variant tailored to its needs. According to India.com , this acquisition may include a technology transfer arrangement that aligns with India's 'Make in India' initiative, promoting local production. Alongside the fighter jets, India is also in discussions to obtain the advanced Voronezh radar system from Russia, which has a range of 6,000 to 8,000 kilometres. Analysts suggest the Su-57 outmatches the American F-35 in combat capabilities and technology, and the development of a customized two-seat variant would enhance India's operational versatility for various missions.

Abusive social media comments

A controversy at Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) arose when Bangladeshi students posted abusive comments on social media targeting the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) and Indian women. The posts, which labelled ISKCON as a "radical Hindutva organisation" and included vulgar remarks, led to protests by Hindu students demanding the expulsion of those involved. The Free Press Journal reports that the students are identified as Shamyul, Rifat Rehman, and Mahmood Hasan Arafat. Hindu students filed complaints with university authorities, urging for immediate suspension, deportation, and visa cancellation of the accused. Protests were organized, during which students burned posters of the Bangladeshi President and raised slogans in support of India. The university's Deputy Proctor stated that a thorough investigation would ensue regarding the matter, further igniting the debate over the conduct of Bangladeshi students in Indian institutions.

Fishing violations

On December 12, 2024, the Indian Coast Guard detained two Bangladeshi fishing trawlers, FV Layla 2 and FV Meghna 5, along with 78 crew members for illegal fishing in Indian waters. Asian News Network reports that the trawlers were taken to Paradip Port in Odisha for legal proceedings. The owners of the trawlers reported that their crew underwent medical check-ups and were later returned to the vessels. Officials suggested that the trawlers mistakenly entered Indian waters due to strong currents and a nautical error. The Bangladeshi foreign ministry is reportedly working to ensure the safe return of the crew.

Weather

A mild coldwave is expected to impact parts of Bangladesh, particularly in the northwestern and western regions, from December 14 to 16, according to the Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Moderate to thick fog may occur in northern and northeastern areas, with a chance of light to moderate fog elsewhere. The weather is likely to remain dry with a partly cloudy sky, and temperatures will slightly drop, New Age reports. The lowest recorded temperature was 10.2°C in Chuadanga and Gopalganj, while Dhaka recorded 14.8°C.

Many residents defied the cold to enjoy the rare sight.

“Since it was snowing, I got a bit excited. I thought I might be able to see some beautiful scenery, even if it’s just for a short while," Park Joon-yeong, an IT worker, said.

However, the snowfall has disrupted daily life, leading to the death of three persons in the Gyeonggi province around Seoul.

Over 100 flights were cancelled, ferry services were halted, and driving was difficult.

Authorities have since deployed 11,000 workers and 20,000 snow-removal machines to clear the streets.

The weather also caused temporary power cuts in several areas as officials worked to restore electricity, with nearly half of the outages fixed by Wednesday night.

The Korean Meteorological Administration said the snow advisory in Seoul has been lifted, but snowfall continues in southern regions at around one centimetre per hour. Authorities are monitoring the situation closely as winter weather persists.

The city, known for its annual winter smog, is often ranked as one of the world’s most polluted places.

Levels of PM2.5 particles, which are harmful to health, were recorded at over 50 times the World Health Organisation's safe limit this week.

This has been worsened by stubble burning on farms, vehicle emissions, and cooler winter weather, which traps pollutants.

The issue which has been recurring has led to school closures and restrictions on trucks and construction work.

Many schools across the city have now been taken over by animals.

Efforts to address the crisis have included spraying water and launching drones to control dust, but critics have described the measures as insufficient.

A Supreme Court ruling recently declared clean air a fundamental human right, urging stronger action from authorities. However, political disagreements between state and central governments have slowed progress.

Typhoon Yinxing, the 13th major storm to hit the Philippines this year, caused floods, landslides, and damage to infrastructure in the northern region, particularly Cagayan province, where it made landfall. According to Mid-day , no immediate casualties have been reported. Over 40,000 residents were evacuated as winds reached 150 km/h with gusts up to 205 km/h. The typhoon has since moved towards the South China Sea, expected to weaken before reaching Vietnam.

Tesla launches new product

Tesla has officially launched in the Philippines, opening its first store and Supercharger at the Uptown Bonifacio shopping mall in Taguig City. The launch event showcased the Model 3 and Model Y, whose sales have now commenced. Philippine customers can configure and order their vehicles online, with competitive prices set for the models: Model 3 starts at PHP2,199,000 and Model Y at PHP2,369,000. A reservation fee of PHP15,000 is required, with deliveries expected to begin in early 2025 from Giga Shanghai, Drive Tesla reports. This marks Tesla's second major international expansion in 2023, following its entry into Chile.

South China Sea dispute

Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has signed two new laws to strengthen the country’s claims in the disputed South China Sea: the Philippine Maritime Zones Act and the Philippine Archipelagic Sea Lanes Act. These laws aim to align domestic regulations with the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, enhancing governance and supporting national security. The Archipelagic Sea Lanes Act designates routes for foreign vessels, while the Maritime Zones Act encompasses territories also claimed by China. In response, China summoned the Filipino ambassador, condemning the laws for infringing on its territorial sovereignty and accusing the Philippines of illegally claiming Chinese territories. The Sun reports that the laws were signed amid military exercises by the Philippine Armed Forces in the region.

Deportation

An immigration lawyer has stated that mass deportation of Filipino Americans is unlikely. The expert emphasised that such actions are not expected, providing reassurance amidst concerns in the community. The statement was made public on November 9, 2024, ABS-CBN News reports.

Earthquake

A 6.5-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Sultan Kudarat province in the southern Philippines on Thursday morning, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology reported. The institute said the quake hit at 10:13 a.m. local time, with a depth of 651 kilometres, about 91 kilometres southwest of the coastal town of Kalamansig. The tremor was also felt in Tagum City, Davao del Norte province, The Sun reports. The institute noted that the tectonic earthquake is expected to cause aftershocks but will not result in damage.

Typically, the mountain's snowcap begins to form around October 2, with last year's first snowfall detected on October 5.

This year, however, unusually warm weather has prevented any snowfall, with meteorologist Yutaka Katsuta from the Kofu Local Meteorological Office noting that this year’s record-setting date surpasses the previous latest snowfall date of October 26, which occurred in 1955 and again in 2016.

Katsuta attributed the delay to persistently high temperatures during the summer, which have lingered into September, inhibiting the arrival of the cold air necessary for snow formation. This summer was one of the hottest on record in Japan, aligning with global heatwaves exacerbated by climate change.

Mount Fuji typically remains snow-covered for most of the year, and during the July-September hiking season, it attracts over 220,000 visitors who often trek overnight to witness the sunrise from its 3,776-meter (12,388-foot) summit.

This year, however, visitor numbers have declined following the introduction of an entry fee and a cap on daily visitors aimed at managing overtourism.

The mountain, celebrated in countless artworks, including Hokusai's famous "Great Wave," last erupted approximately 300 years ago and continues to be a symbol of Japan's natural beauty and cultural heritage.

The CAAV stated that Phu Bai International Airport in Thua Thien-Hue will close from 6 am to 10 pm local time, Dong Hoi Airport in Quang Binh from 6 am to 7 pm, Da Nang International Airport from 6 am to 4 am the following day, and Chu Lai Airport in Quang Nam from 10 am to 10 am the next day.

Vietnam Air Traffic Management has notified flights ahead of these temporary closures, local reports say.

The typhoon is forecasted to bring up to 700 mm of rainfall across areas from Quang Binh to Quang Ngai from October 26 to 28.

Typhoon Trami has already caused significant damage in the Philippines, affecting thousands and leaving at least 76 people dead.

Saudi surgeon Dr. Feras Khaliel has been honoured in Riyadh for performing the world’s first fully robotic heart transplant at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. Recognised at the Global Health Exhibition, Khaliel received the Health Research Excellence Award for his role in advancing the hospital's robotic surgery program, which has completed over 400 procedures since 2019, Arab News reports. The innovative transplant, performed on a 16-year-old patient, marks a significant leap in cardiac surgery, offering benefits like reduced pain and recovery time.

Megacity Project

Saudi Arabia's $1 trillion megacity project, Neom, will utilise 20% of the world's steel supply to complete construction, according to project officials. Launched in 2017 in Tabuk Province, Neom features innovative concepts like The Line—a car-free city 170 km long powered by renewable energy. Although the project won't be fully completed until 2045, a central 5 km section is expected to be operational by 2030. Neom aims to diversify Saudi Arabia's economy under Vision 2030 and has already received $28.7 billion in funding, primarily for The Line. Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman emphasises Neom's role in addressing urban livability and environmental challenges. According to Unilad , Initial plans included hosting nine million residents by 2030, but estimates have since been reduced to 300,000.

Hajj Village

Indonesian Minister Prabowo plans to establish a Hajj village in Saudi Arabia to centralise activities for Indonesian Hajj and Umrah pilgrims. Head of the Hajj Organizing Agency, Moch Irfan Yusuf, announced that this initiative aims to ensure a safe and comfortable experience for pilgrims. Currently, the agency is coordinating with the Directorate General of Hajj and Umrah until the 2025 Hajj, with plans to operate independently by 2026. Prabowo also inaugurated several special envoys and advisors during a recent ceremony, Antara News reports.

Thunderstorms

Thunderstorms are expected to persist across Saudi Arabia until Saturday, the General Directorate of Civil Defence has cautioned. The public has been encouraged to stay cautious and avoid flood-prone areas. The Makkah region may experience moderate-to-heavy rain, flash floods, and hailstorms, particularly affecting Taif, Maysan, Adham, Al-Lith, and Jeddah. Riyadh will see light-to-heavy rain, while other regions, including the Eastern Province and Najran, will also experience moderate-to-heavy rainfall. The National Centre for Meteorology notes that autumn typically brings rapid weather changes and relief from the heat, Arab News reports.

World’s largest building

Construction has begun on the 400-metre-high, cube-shaped Mukaab supertall skyscraper in Riyadh designed by AtkinsRéalis, which will be the world's largest building when completed. Designed as the centrepiece of the 19-square-kilometre New Murabba development in northwest Riyadh, Mukaab is now officially under construction with excavations underway, according to its development company. The developer, named New Murabba Development Company and funded by Saudi Arabia's central Public Investment Fund (PIF), said groundworks at the site are now 86 per cent complete, De Zeen reports.

On October 16, a tragic collision in Sidi Bouzid Province, Tunisia, resulted in the deaths of three individuals and injuries to two others. The accident, occurring in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, was attributed to hazardous conditions due to dense fog. Notably, Tunisia has been grappling with a severe traffic safety crisis, recording over 4,100 accidents this year, leading to nearly 900 fatalities, reports Social News XYZ .

Drought

In Southern Africa, a historic drought persists, impacting an estimated 6.5 million people. This environmental crisis is linked to the previous year's El Niño phenomenon. The Mirage reports that the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) has highlighted that 27 million individuals across nations such as Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe are affected. With the lean season forecasted to peak in January, the WFP has requested $369 million in aid, but only 20% of this amount has been secured thus far.

Political arrests

UN Human Rights Chief Volker Türk has called on the Tunisian government to uphold democratic principles following a stringent crackdown on opposition leaders and activists as the country approached its presidential elections. According to Arab News , concerns surrounding the lack of due process are exacerbated by the arrest of over 100 political figures and the implementation of restrictive laws limiting electoral dispute resolutions. The UN has also raised alarms over Tunisia's recent presidential election, which saw a remarkably low voter turnout and allegations of process manipulation by President Kais Saied, who secured re-election with a striking 90.69% of the vote.

Migrant maltreatment

UN experts have raised alarms over the treatment of migrants, refugees, and human trafficking victims in Tunisia, citing severe human rights violations during rescue operations at sea, including physical violence and capsizing incidents. The reported death toll of 189 migrants during attempted crossings from January to July reflects a disturbing trend, exacerbated by arbitrary detentions, particularly at Tunisia's borders with Algeria and Libya. As reported by Arab News , survivors often encounter dire conditions upon disembarkation, facing further risks from border guards. Alarmingly, an increase in human trafficking and sexual exploitation, particularly of young girls, signals a critical humanitarian crisis, amidst ongoing European support for Tunisia's immigration management.

Calls to uphold rule of law

Volker Türk has expressed profound concerns regarding the treatment of candidates during the presidential campaign, where over 100 figures faced arrests and only a fraction were accepted by the elections authority. The UN chief highlighted the absence of due process in trials and the inability to reinstate excluded candidates, reiterating the pressing need for Tunisia to recommit to transitional justice and implement rule of law reforms, reports UN .

The United States and Vietnam continue to strengthen their diplomatic and military relations through mutual assistance and collaboration. Recently, the U.S. Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) extended its appreciation to Vietnam for its instrumental role in locating the remains of U.S. Marine Corps Captain Ronald W. Forrester, who was declared missing in action 52 years ago during the Vietnam War, Tuoi Tre News reports. The identification of his remains, achieved through circumstantial evidence and mitochondrial DNA analysis, is pivotal in the ongoing efforts that have seen Vietnam help identify and repatriate over 1,000 sets of remains since the Paris Peace Accords in 1973.

German-Vietnam ties

In a bid to enhance diplomatic ties further, Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính of Vietnam welcomed the newly-appointed German Ambassador to Việt Nam, Helga Margarete, on September 27, 2023. The Prime Minister remarked on the robust development of Việtnam-German relations, particularly in light of high-profile visits by German leaders. He proposed celebratory joint initiatives for the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations in 2025 and highlighted the significance of cooperation under the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement. According to Vietnam News , the Ambassador committed to bolstering bilateral relations, especially in education and climate change, while both parties reiterated the importance of resolving regional disputes in accordance with international law.

Typhoon

Typhoon Yagi has wreaked havoc across northern Vietnam, marking a significant disaster with estimated damages soaring to $4.8 billion. As the strongest storm in Asia this year, the typhoon has resulted in 299 fatalities and 34 individuals reported missing, Lismore City News reports. Critical infrastructure, including factories and farmland, has suffered devastating impacts, raising concerns about Vietnam's economic growth forecast for 2024. Following the typhoon, the agriculture sector is experiencing inflation in pig prices, as flooding has disrupted farms, which in turn may pose challenges to financial institutions due to anticipated government debt relief measures.

Vietnam, Cuba renew long-standing friendship ties

Recent high-level discussions between Vietnam and Cuba have led to the reinforcement of their longstanding friendship, Vietnam News reports. Following a state visit by the General Secretary and President Tô Lâm from September 25-27, a joint statement was made emphasising the commitment to enhance exchanges across various sectors including agriculture, healthcare, and technology. A noteworthy declaration made during this visit was the establishment of 2025 as the 'Vietnam-Cuba Friendship Year', coinciding with the 65th anniversary of diplomatic relations, signifying a pivotal moment for cooperation and mutual support on international matters.

Vietnam-India cooperation

The recent 5th annual dialogue between the Việt Nam Academy of Social Sciences and the Indian Council of World Affairs, held in Hà Nội on September 27, sought to improve the efficiency of Việt Nam-India cooperation amid evolving global dynamics. According to Vietnam News , the dialogue underscored the necessity for routine information exchanges to fully realise the potential of their comprehensive strategic partnership. Discussions led by Indian Ambassador Soumen Bagchi highlighted the historical connections and the opportunities presented by recent shifts in leadership, particularly in areas including trade, technology, and defence.

Authorities said on September 24 that the storm had weakened into a tropical storm.

President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador urged residents to prioritise their safety.

"Seek higher ground, protect yourselves, and do not forget that the most important thing is life; material things are replaceable," he was quoted as saying.

The incident has reminded residents of Hurricane Otis, a scale-topping Category 5 storm which left a trail of destruction and several dozen people dead.

"We were panicking. I actually got sick with nerves because two days before it was windy like with Otis, and it kicked up dust, roof sheets, everything. So yes, we panicked a lot. The children became hysterical," Marta Sotelo, a resident, told the AFP.

Meanwhile, the US National Hurricane Center (NHC) has warned of heavy rains of up to 15 inches and possible flash floods over the coming days particularly in the southern states of Chiapas, Oaxaca and Guerrero.

People living along the coast have also been cautioned.

While the weather brought chaos to many, some took the opportunity to enjoy the unusual sight. In Warden, a town in the Free State province, excited individuals gathered to witness the rare snow event.

Justin Nadasem, a baker from Johannesburg, drove three hours with his family to see the snow, describing the experience as "phenomenal."

"We actually drove from Johannesburg to this spot to come and see the snow. So it was a three-hour drive but we are really excited. It’s been many, many years since we saw snow, and it’s phenomenal," Nadasem told AFP.

"This is actually supposed to be spring and going into summer, so this is pretty much the hot season. So snow at this time is actually a blessing," he added.

Helgaard Smith, a resident of Villiers, another nearby town, shared his delight in building a full-sized snowman. "I thought we were going to make a small little snowman because usually, if we do get a bit of snow, it’s just a little tad, but we have actually managed to build a proper one," he said.

Snowfall, while rare in South Africa, has been recorded before. On July 10, Johannesburg and other high-lying areas experienced significant snowfall due to a cold front. More regularly, the Drakensberg Mountains, forming the border between South Africa and Lesotho, see occasional snow during the winter months. Sutherland, in the Western Cape province, is also known for its snowy landscapes and is often referred to as the "coldest town in South Africa."

In August 2024, new vehicle sales in the Philippines rose 7% to 39,155 units compared to 36,714 units the previous year, driven by strong domestic economic activity. The country's GDP grew by 6.3% in Q2 2024, supported by government spending and stable household consumption despite a significant interest rate hike. Just Auto reports that commercial vehicle sales increased by 11%, while passenger vehicle sales fell by 6% due to adverse weather conditions. For the first eight months of 2024, total vehicle sales grew 10% to 304,765 units, with commercial vehicles up 9% and passenger cars up 14%. Major brands like Toyota and Mitsubishi reported significant sales increases, with the Philippine government promoting hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) to bolster market growth. Toyota plans to launch its new Tamaraw utility vehicle by November 2024.

Postal improvement

Japan is committed to modernising the Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost) by providing expert consultancy from its Ministry of Internal Affairs, Japan Post, and Toshiba. This initiative follows the visit of Japan's State Minister for Foreign Affairs, Tsuge Yoshifumi, who emphasised collaboration in improving PHLPost's infrastructure and operational capabilities, Post and Parcel reports. With e-commerce sales in the Philippines projected to grow from USD 17 billion in 2021 to USD 24 billion by 2025, Japan aims to enhance PHLPost's digital services and technology to meet the demands of this sector. The partnership is expected to improve mail processing reliability and expand PHLPost's e-commerce operations.

Monsoon and tropical cyclones

At least 20 people have died and 14 are missing in the Philippines due to the southwest monsoon and two tropical cyclones, Ferdie and Gener. The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) reported that nearly 600,000 people were affected across 12 regions, with significant flooding and damage to 930 houses and infrastructure. Socialnews reports that the Philippines, prone to an average of 20 typhoons annually, faces risks of heavy rains, flooding, and strong winds resulting in casualties and property destruction.

Philippines, Kuwait protection of workers

The Philippines has resumed the deployment of workers to Kuwait with new protective measures aimed at safeguarding their rights and welfare, following a suspension that began last year after the murder of a Filipino domestic worker. The agreement between the two countries includes enhanced worker protections, a joint committee for labour affairs, a whitelisting system for recruitment agencies, and the appointment of welfare desk officers. According to Arab News , The initial group of 35 experienced workers will join approximately 270,000 Filipinos currently in Kuwait. Additional measures like electronic salary payments aim to address issues of wage delays and non-payment.

UK Poultry imports

The British Embassy in the Philippines celebrated the return of UK poultry imports after a three-year ban due to avian influenza. Ambassador Laure Beaufils highlighted this milestone during a networking reception on September 17, 2024, emphasising the UK’s commitment to high safety standards in agriculture. The ban's lifting was formalised by the Department of Agriculture's Memorandum Order No. 34, restarting trade that previously made the UK the sixth-largest poultry supplier to the Philippines. Recent trade figures indicate UK-Philippines trade reached £2.8 billion in 2023. A regionalisation agreement was also established to ensure safe trade amid potential HPAI outbreaks. The event highlighted the collaborative efforts between UK and Philippine authorities and reinforced the importance of agricultural trade in meeting consumer demand.

In a recent event held by the French Embassy in Nepal, Palesha Goverdhan, the nation's first Paralympic medallist, was celebrated for her historic achievement of winning a bronze medal at the Paralympics on August 31. Ambassador Virginie Corteval hailed Goverdhan as a "beacon of hope and determination", asserting her success as a testament to Nepali talent. The gathering also marked the launch of the Choose France/Marque France initiative, aimed at fostering cooperation in multiple sectors, including business and education. Furthermore, TKP reports that information regarding the upcoming Choose France Tour on September 28 was shared, highlighting opportunities for Nepali students to explore educational prospects in France.

Increased monsoon rainfall

Concerning weather patterns, Nepal has reported above-average monsoon rainfall this year, accumulating 1,504.1 mm by mid-September, constituting around 101.6% of the expected long-term seasonal average of 1,472 mm. The monsoon period, spanning from June 10 to October 2, still has approximately 15 days to run. Major cities like Kathmandu and Biratnagar have experienced significantly heightened rainfall, with Kathmandu surpassing its average of 1,000 mm and recording over 1,400 mm. In contrast, regions such as Janakpur documented below-average precipitation. The predicted pre-monsoon and winter rainfall was not met; however, My Republica reported that the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology anticipates a 35-55% probability of above-normal rain during this season.

Cheque era fading

The landscape of financial transactions in Nepal is transforming, with a noticeable decline in cheque usage as digital payment methods gain traction. Statistics from the fiscal year 2022-23 reveal an 8.97% reduction in cheque transactions, dropping to 15.22 million, while cash transactions decreased from Rs10.53 trillion to Rs7.83 trillion. According to TKP , The remarkable growth of mobile banking saw transactions soaring by 60.19% to Rs373.97 billion, and QR code payments exhibiting a twofold increase to Rs61.73 billion. While experts commend the expediency, convenience, and cost efficiency associated with digital payments, they also emphasise the need for enhanced digital infrastructure and data connectivity for sustained development. Additionally, new government taxation policies impacting digital transactions have been critiqued for possibly hindering progress. The shift away from cheque reliance is thus viewed as a beneficial advance towards a cashless environment, thereby promoting broader financial inclusion in the country.

Electricity from Bangladesh

In a significant move to bolster cross-border energy trade, the Interim Government of Bangladesh has sanctioned the import of 40 MW of hydropower from Nepal, a project stemming from initiatives pursued during the former Sheikh Hasina administration. Power, Energy and Mineral Resources Adviser Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan has advocated for the import; however, the Finance Division has expressed apprehensions regarding transmission line costs charged by India. A tripartite agreement — involving Bangladesh, India, and Nepal — is required to expedite the import process, though existing complications and missing documentation could delay the agreement's finalisation. The stipulated electricity cost is 6.40 US cents per unit, with overall expenses, comprising Indian trading margins and transmission fees, summing to 8.17 INR per unit, reports My Republica . Payments will occur in both dollar and rupee currencies, subject to tax regulations across the involved nations. Alterations in taxation policy by India will necessitate shared financial responsibilities, whereas any changes instigated by Bangladesh or Nepal will be the liability of the respective country. This project aims to strengthen regional electricity trade and import strategies from Nepal and Bhutan.

Climbers to climb 10 mountains in Nepal

Finally, the autumn climbing season in Nepal has seen a substantial influx of climbers, with a total of 362 individuals from 54 countries — of which 88 are women — securing permits to ascend ten prominent mountains during this timeframe. A significant portion, 308 climbers, is poised to target Mount Manaslu, while 14 have permits for Mount Dhaulagiri. The Nepal Department of Tourism has accrued $300,525 in royalty fees through these permits. This climbing season, stretching from September to November is anticipated to mirror last year's participation figures, where approximately 1,300 climbers participated, UNI reports.

"There is a lot of damage. The branches hit each other and broke. After the rain, there was flooding. The river rose, submerged everything, and the trees died. During the storm, we propped the trees back up. The next day, they were flooded again. This year, it's a total loss. No harvest," she said.

Do Thi Hoa, further counting her losses shared with AFP "It’s heartbreaking because I’ve put in so much effort since the beginning of the year. Money for pesticides and labour. So much money was spent with the hope of a harvest by the end of the year. Now, with this loss, everyone in the village is worried. "

Beyond the destruction of the farms, the human cost of Typhoon Yagi is equally tragic. As of Friday, September 13, 233 people have been reported dead with many more injured or missing.

Minister of Public Works and Infrastructure, Dean Macpherson has disclosed a staggering cyber theft amounting to R300 million ($16 million). The breach, exposed during a comprehensive review led by Macpherson and his Deputy Minister Sihle Zikalala, revealed systemic vulnerabilities persisting over a decade, The Daily Sun reports.  Macpherson emphasized concerns over potential collusion between officials and cybercriminals. "It's become clear that the department has been a soft target and playground for over 10 years, and this should have been picked up a lot earlier," Macpherson said. “This prompted a full forensic investigation by the Hawks, police, state security agency, and experts in the ICT and cyber security industry,” he added. 

Severe weather prompts school closures

In response to severe weather warnings issued by the SA Weather Service (SAWS), several districts in the Western Cape have closed public and special schools. The storm, anticipated to exacerbate flooding due to saturated grounds, has already caused damage to 137 schools, prompting urgent infrastructure assessments and repairs, Times Live reports. “In the interests of learner and teacher safety, and after extensive consultation with the provincial disaster risk management centre and Saws, a decision has been taken to close schools in certain districts in the Western Cape [on Thursday],” said provincial education MEC, David Maynier. “Over the past few days, 137 schools have reported some form of damage to infrastructure, either as a result of flooding or heavy winds. The majority of the cases are minor, while 49 cases require our urgent attention,” said Maynier. 

Struggles of e-hailing drivers

E-hailing drivers in South Africa continue to face financial hardships worsened by rising fuel costs, vehicle rental fees, and increased commissions. Vincent Lilane from inDrive highlighted that many drivers earn below the minimum wage, underscoring the need for fair pricing structures to sustain driver livelihoods and ensure passenger safety, The Citizen reports. “South African drivers need to work longer hours to compensate for their low income and this could impact driver well-being and potentially also compromise customer safety.” Said Lilane. Adding that “South African drivers need to work longer hours to compensate for their low income and this could impact driver well-being and potentially also compromise customer safety.”

White dominance in top jobs

Labour unions have voiced strong criticism against the persistent dominance of white and Indian individuals in top management positions, as revealed by the Commission of Employment Equity report. The statistics, showing disproportionate representation compared to demographic distributions, have prompted calls for more inclusive employment practices across all racial groups. The report revealed that whites occupied 62.1% and Indians 11.6% of all positions at the top management level, which is significantly higher than their respective economically active populations (EAPs). National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (Numsa) spokesperson Phakamile Hlubi-Majola noted that “Numsa has noted the statistics on employment equity are very disappointing because it shows that we have not made much progress in the last 30 years,” The Citizen quotes. The African population group with an EAP of 80.7% accounted for 17.2% and the coloured population group with an EAP of 9% accounted for only 6.1% of all positions at this occupational level. 

Visa Policy changes for South Africans 

South Africans travelling to Ireland now require visas following a policy change effective July 10. Justice Minister, Helen McEntee cited an alignment with Schengen area standards and UK policies, emphasizing the need to manage international protection applications and regulate immigration more rigorously. "This is a carefully considered decision which will bring Ireland into closer alignment with the Schengen area in respect of both countries and into line with the UK in respect of South Africa,” McEntee is quoted. The move includes establishing dedicated visa processing facilities and transitional arrangements for affected travellers, Time Live reports. 

Uruguay's Copa America 2024 squad is led by famed Argentine manager Marcelo Bielsa. Despite a lack of star power and a new goalkeeper in Sergio Rochet, they have a strong winning mentality and experienced players like Luis Suarez. Expectations are high for Uruguay to reach the final, and Bielsa's tactical ideas may make them the story of the competition.

Paul McCartney kicks off South American tour in Uruguay

Paul McCartney will kick off his South American ‘Got Back Tour’ on October 1 in Montevideo, Uruguay’s capital, at the historic Estadio Centenario. This marks his return to the venue a decade after his last performance there. The tour will also include stops in Argentina, Chile, and Peru, with a final performance at the Estadio Nacional in Lima on October 27, Latin American Post reports.

World Bank predicts economic growth

The World Bank predicts a 3.2% growth for Uruguay in 2024, despite a poor average performance in the region. The "World Economic Outlook" predicts growth in Latin America and the Caribbean to reach 1.8% in 2024 rising to 2.7% in 2025 as inflation declines. Commodity prices will support exports, but weak growth in China could limit demand. Uruguay's growth is forecasted at 2.6% for both 2025 and 2026. The World Bank also published an update of the 2023 Container Port Performance Index, ranking Montevideo 384th out of 405 ports worldwide. Ports and terminals can cause shipment delays, supply chain interruptions, additional costs, and reduced competitiveness, MercoPress reports.

UK imposes restrictions on Uruguay-owned Fintech

UK regulators have imposed restrictions on a financial technology company owned by Uruguay's first-ever billionaires, Larstal Ltd., as part of a wider crackdown on payments firms that process hundreds of millions of dollars worth of transactions daily, Bloomberg reports. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has barred Larstal Ltd. from providing payment services or taking on new customers without the watchdog's written approval.  The company specialises in processing transactions for high-risk clients in industries including online gambling, foreign exchange trading, and adult entertainment, with the bulk of its business taking place across emerging markets such as Brazil and India. , According to Bloomberg, AstroPay owed several million dollars to customers at the end of 2022.

Quantification of underground waters in anticipation of La Niña

Uruguay is preparing for the potential impacts of La Niña on agricultural production and water access. The Ministry of Environment is monitoring underground water reserves and researching their potential use in anticipation of drought. Last year's severe drought has led the country to better prepare for the future. Meteorological estimates indicate a high probability of La Niña developing between June and September, Prensa Latina reports.

Department of Tourism of the Royal Government of Bhutan has reduced sustainable development fees for Bangladeshi tourists from $100 to $15 per day, equivalent to the fees charged to Indian tourists. The new policy allows 15,000 Bangladeshi tourists to visit Bhutan per year with the reduced fees, starting from 2 June 2024. The decision reflects the special relationship between Bangladesh and Bhutan, The Business Standard reports.

Weather predictions

The Bangladesh Meteorological Department has predicted light to moderate rainfall and gusty winds over various parts of the country in the next 24 hours. Mild heat wave is affecting several divisions, but may abate in some areas. According to Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha , the maximum temperature on Sunday was 37.0 degrees Celsius and the minimum temperature today was 23.5 degrees Celsius in Sylhet. Rainfall for the last 24 hours was 227 mm in Sylhet.

Inflation hikes

Inflation in Bangladesh increased to 9.89% in May from 9.74% in April. Food inflation rose to 10.76%, while non-food inflation decreased to 9.19%, The Business Standard reports.

Eid arrangements

Government offices will now operate from 9 am to 5 pm after Eid-ul-Adha holidays, with a break from 1 pm to 1:30 pm for prayers and lunch. This decision was made at a Cabinet meeting held at the Prime Minister's Office in Dhaka. JagoNews24 reports that the current office hours of 9 am to 4 pm were implemented in 2022 to save electricity.

China-Bangladesh Free Trade Agreement

The Chinese Ambassador to Bangladesh has predicted that a free trade agreement (FTA) between the two countries will decrease inflation in Bangladesh by lowering import prices. He believes that the FTA will lead to a new era of economic cooperation and benefit both countries. Bangladesh sees signing FTAs with other countries as crucial for achieving stable economic development, Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha reports.

The directive is in view of a possible impact of Cyclone Remal. Remal is the first pre-monsoon cyclone in the Bay of Bengal this season.

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued red and orange alerts for West Bengal’s Coastal districts and Kolkota respectively ahead of the expected cyclone. Heavy rains with wind speeds reaching 80-90 kmph to 100 kmph are expected between May 26 and 27.

Authorities of the Kolkata airport took the precautionary measure following a meeting with stakeholders of the Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport (NSCBI).

"In view of cyclone Remal's impact on the coastal region of West Bengal, including Kolkata, a meeting was held with the stakeholders and it has been decided to suspend flight operations from 1200 IST on May 26 to 0900 IST on May 27 due to predicted heavy winds and heavy to very heavy rainfall in Kolkata," authorities announced in a statement on May 25.

The name Remal was provided by Oman, following the regional naming system for cyclones in the north Indian Ocean.

Tanzania Meteorological Authority warns of a new cyclone, Ialy, forming in the Indian Ocean near Madagascar. The cyclone is expected to remain between Madagascar and Seychelles for four days before weakening. TMA advises sea users and the public to monitor forecast information and seek guidance, The Citizen reports.

Paris 2024 Olympic Games in tennis

Madagascar, Nigeria, and Cameroon secured spots at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games in tennis. Fabio Rakotoarimanana made history as the first Madagascan to qualify. According to Vanguard , Nigeria's Offiong Edem and Olajide Omotayo, as well as Cameroon's Sarah Hannfou, also earned their spots. The qualification tournament was hosted by the Rwanda Table Tennis Federation.

Preservation of aquatic organisms

Madagascar held a workshop emphasising the importance of the International Maritime Organisation's (IMO)Ballast Water Management (BWM) and Anti-fouling Systems Conventions (AFS). The BWM Convention aims to prevent the spread of harmful aquatic organisms in ships' ballast water, while the AFS Convention sets controls on certain harmful substances in anti-fouling systems. The workshop focused on implementing and enforcing the conventions at the national level. Mirage News indicates that the IMO has been running workshops to encourage ratification and effective implementation of the conventions, leading to a growth in ratification status and improved protection of the marine environment.

Free surgeries for selected patients

Hospital ship Africa Mercy is set to commence free life-changing surgeries for selected patients in Madagascar. Since arriving in February, they have implemented an extensive strategy covering diverse regions in Madagascar. This marks their fourth field service in the country, providing over 6,425 life-changing surgical procedures and training 2,019 healthcare professionals in previous visits. Africa.com reports that the organization aims to increase the number of surgical providers and deliver training across the surgical ecosystem. Over 3,000 volunteer professionals from over 60 countries serve on board. Patients will begin boarding the ship in two weeks to receive surgeries. For more information, visit www.MercyShips.org.

Catholic Church rejects law allowing for castration of paedophiles

Madagascar's Catholic Church denounces law allowing castration of paedophiles, calling it "torture" and a violation of human rights and ethics. The law has also faced criticism from human rights groups for being "cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment." Despite the high rates of child rape in Madagascar, the government's justification for the law has been met with scepticism, Crux reports.

According to reports , the settlement was intentionally flooded when the dam was built in the 1970s, and its reappearance is a consequence of the ongoing drought affecting roughly half of the country's provinces.

The falling water levels at the Pantabangan Dam, which is the main irrigation and water source for the landlocked Nueva Ecija and surrounding provinces, have declined by 26 meters so far this year and are currently seven meters lower than at the same time last year, local government reports.

The Philippines, along with nearby South Asian countries, has been facing extreme heat in recent weeks, causing schools to suspend classes and prompting government advisories for people to stay indoors to avoid heatstroke.

Bangladesh closed all primary schools nationwide as temperatures soared to 43 degrees Celsius (109 Fahrenheit) on April 29.

Eastern India recorded its hottest April on record killing at least nine people , with parts of the country facing heatwave conditions during a general election. The persistent heatwave is expected to continue, with above-normal temperatures forecasted for May, according to weather officials.

Ho Chi Minh City, the largest financial centre in Vietnam is constructing a smart traffic management system using advanced technologies to combat traffic congestion and reduce accidents. The city is the first to build a smart traffic operation centre, which was operational in 2019, Vietnam Plus reports. According to Vietnam Plus, Doan Van Tan, Director of the Urban Traffic Management and Operations Center under the Ho Chi Minh City Department of Transport said that the department intends to construct a comprehensive traffic management and operation centre with all functions compliant with the city's traffic development directives.

Bike sharing programme

Hue City in central Vietnam has relaunched its public bike-sharing programme, with 200 bicycles stationed at seven locations in the city. The programme which was restarted on January 21 by local authorities in partnership with Vietsoftpro, a software solution company based in Vietnam plans to deploy 1,000 bicycles across 30 stations by September 2024. This revival of the bike-sharing program follows a successful pilot phase conducted from June to December 2022, during which about 12,000 bike rides were recorded, local media the Saigon Times reports. The city intends to create a more bicycle-friendly environment by building bike lanes and improving the infrastructure for cycling, according to the Saigon Times.

Extreme cold weather

A second cold front has caused extremely cold weather in Northern Vietnam with lows of almost zero degrees Celsius. According to the Vietnam National Centre for Hydrometeorological Forecasting, the extremely cold weather is moving southward and could persist for four to five days in north-central locations. On January 21, the Department of Education and Training in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam asked schools to give students a break when the temperature falls below 10 degrees Celsius, local media Tuổi Trẻ News reported.

Fruit and Vegetable exports

Vietnam's vegetable and fruit exports reached $459 million in the first half of January 2024, an 89% increase from 2023. This growth is attributed to improved quality and diverse options, particularly in China and the European Union. According to the Saigon Times , Vietnam plans to expand its export portfolio by introducing exotic fruits to China. In 2023, export revenue reached $5.6 billion, a 167% increase from 2022, with China being the largest buyer, the Saigon Times reported.

Vietnam-Romania to strengthen trade ties

Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh and Romanian Prime Minister Ion-Marcel Ciolacu have set goals to tighten trade relations. The two PMs urged more Vietnamese and Romanian companies to increase their investment in each other's markets to double bilateral trade by 2030, Tuổi Trẻ News reports. Romanian Prime Minister Ciolacu at a Forum held in the Romanian capital of Bucharest on January 22 said that Romania is interested in cooperation in industries such as IT, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and food. According to Tuổi Trẻ News, the Vietnamese PM also suggested that businesses from the two nations utilise the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement and Investment Protection Agreement to enhance collaboration in sectors like mechanical engineering, specialized machinery, pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, renewable energy, and automobile manufacturing.

Inflation is forcing Argentina's Government to consider issuing new notes which may circulate from March.

Clarín reports that due to high levels of inflation, Argentina’s Central Bank (BCRA) is planning to issue larger denomination bills. Currently, the largest denomination note is that of ARS 2,000, less than £2. While no denomination has been confirmed yet, Central Bank is considering to issue ARS 20,000 and ARS 50,000 notes, which may start circulating in March. 

Milei will seek a referendum if Congress rejects his Emergency Decree

The country’s largest trade union holds a protest and has challenged the decree before the Supreme Court.

According to Infobae , Javier Milei said on Tuesday that he will seek a referendum if Congress rejects his Emergency Decree. On December 20th, only ten days after his inauguration, Argentina’s new President presented the National Emergency Decree (DNU) which includes over 300 measures to deregulate the economy. Milei addressed concerns that the DNU is too drastic and said the economic situation is far worse than his critics think. Legislators in the opposition say every deregulation proposal should be discussed separately. In addition, The General Labour Confederation (CGT), Argentina’s largest trade union, will march against the Decree on Wednesday. Besides condemning the proposal, members of the CGT have challenged the Decree before the Supreme Court. 

Milei announces new tax to pay for a $16 billion fine

The President plans to name it after a former Economics Minister.

La Nación reports that President Javier Milei is planning to create a new tax for his country to start paying the US$16 billion fine imposed by a federal court in New York for the seizure of the oil and gas company YPF. In September 2023, Judge Loretta Prezka ruled that Argentina had to pay that sum to minority stakeholders of the company. Milei said that they are willing to pay the fine, but don’t have the money right now, so he is considering a yearly tax in US dollars for all citizens, which would be named after Axel Kiciloff, the Economics Minister when Argentina seized YPF’s assets.

Storm alert in Buenos Aires and six provinces

The country’s meteorological service says Buenos Aires can expect heavy rainfall and strong winds.

According to Clarín, Argentina’s Meteorological National Service (SMN) issued a yellow weather alert for storms on Wednesday. SMN warned of heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail in Buenos Aires and six other provinces. In the south, the SMN warned that gusts can reach 90 km/h. The Meteorological Service urged people to avoid outdoor activities.

Australia's meteorology bureau warned of potential further intensification on Friday, not ruling out the possibility of Jasper becoming a Category 5 system.

Situated 1,195 kilometers (742 miles) northeast of Queensland and moving south at 9 kph (6 mph), Jasper's projected path suggests it could make landfall near Cairns, a city with a population of 250,000, by early Tuesday. However, forecasters caution that the storm's trajectory may still change.

The unusual early arrival of the cyclone coincides with El Niño, a climate pattern originating in the Pacific Ocean, known to reduce rainfall along Australia's east coast and impact global weather patterns.

Simultaneously, heat warnings have been issued across several states and territories, including New South Wales (NSW), where over 8 million people reside. Sydney, the capital of NSW, is forecasted to experience temperatures of 40 degrees Celsius (104 Fahrenheit) on Saturday, exacerbated by strong, dry winds.

Some schools in Sydney closed on Friday, and parts of NSW were under a total fire ban due to an elevated risk of bushfires. In South Australia, a "catastrophic" fire rating was issued, indicating a high likelihood of significant loss of lives and properties if a fire occurs.

Extreme fire danger ratings were also in place in parts of New South Wales and Victoria. While the heat is expected to abate somewhat by the end of the weekend, Australia remains highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change, characterized by frequent heatwaves, extreme rainfall, and devastating bushfires.

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Bulgaria already declared a "state of emergency" in four regions due to heavy snowfall. 

In the skiing competition in Finland, Swedish athlete Calle Halfvarsson and a German athlete suffered frostbite on private body parts, highlighting the unexpected challenges posed by the extreme cold. 

The temperature in Ruka, Finland, during the event was -19 degrees.

PAGASA said no other weather disturbances are currently being monitored across the country.

The weather bureau also warned that flash floods and landslides remain a concern in these regions during periods of moderate to occasionally heavy rainfall.

Concurrently, the northeast monsoon will result in overcast skies with rain in the remaining parts of Northern Luzon.

For Metro Manila and other areas in the country, the forecast includes partly cloudy to cloudy skies with isolated thunderstorms expected in the afternoon or evening.

Northern Luzon is expected to experience improving weather conditions as the weekend approaches.

Weather experts project that there will be no further falls in the coming days with only a chance of morning and evening fog. There should be an improvement in the daytime temperatures over the province on Wednesday, they added.

The snow should melt much quicker in the Eastern Cape because temperatures were higher this time of the year, said Meteorologist Lelo Kleinbooi who spoke to News24.

While increasing temperatures are expected to melt the snow and improve weather conditions, weather experts say it may take a longer time for the snow to melt in Drakensberg as more snow accumulates in the mountainous area.

Snow rarely falls in Africa but on mountains in South Africa, the Maghreb and Tanzania’s Mount Kilimanjaro. However, hailstones do fall sometimes in southern Africa when the temperature hits record lows.

South Africa is split into two main climatic zones. It is usually dry from April through to October, and the main winter period runs from May to August.

In recent decades, Africa's rate of temperature rise has intensified, and weather and climate-related dangers have gotten worse. Africa's nations are seriously threatened by climate change, but notably its fragile and conflict-affected governments.

According to a 2022 study published by Christian Aid, a UK charity organisation providing support to individuals in poverty-stricken regions, African nations, which are the least responsible for the global climate issue, could see their GDP growth rate decline by as much as 64% by the end of the century.

Africa's growth and progress are threatened by climate change. It is making poverty, hunger, and conflict worse. Additionally, it undermines the continent's efforts to meet the Sustainable Development Goals. 

Effects

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) states that up to 118 million extremely poor people on the continent will be exposed to drought, floods, and high heat by 2030. It is upsetting lives and the economy. This will obstruct efforts to reduce poverty and promote growth.

According to the African Development Bank Group, Africa has lost between 5 and 15% of its GDP per capita growth as a result of climate change and its consequences.

Additionally, recent Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) for the G5 Sahel countries and upcoming assessments on Cameroon, Ghana, and other African nations, climate change might result in GDP losses of 2–12% annually by 2050, pushing millions more people into poverty. If nothing is done, 13.5 million additional people in the Sahel region may become impoverished by 2050. The study also shows that the best method of coping with climate change and the greatest plan for achieving development objectives is implementing reforms for quick, robust, and inclusive growth.

What is Africa doing to fight the climate crisis?

In an effort to meet its target of using 52% renewable energy by 2030, according to research by Climate Home News, Morocco has reportedly constructed the largest concentrated solar facility in the world. Noor, a cutting-edge 6,000-acre solar complex, offers crucial employment possibilities as Morocco shifts away from the fossil fuel industry while providing sustainable electricity for about 2 million Moroccans.

Jean-Paul Adam, Director of Technology, Climate Change and Natural Resources Division at the UN Economic Commission for Africa, said at the COP26 in 2021 that, “African nations are taking initiative, pledging to switch to renewable energy sources and investing in their own resilience. Numerous nations already have a net positive balance and absorb more emissions than they produce. African nations have high goals for the low-carbon development strategies they want to use.”

According to the World Economic Forum, boosting climate-smart agriculture to sustain food security is seen as a key strategy for climate adaptation since countries have been dealing with a growing food security dilemma for the past ten years, which has been made worse by the sharp recent increase in energy and fertilizer prices. In response, the World Bank is increasing its financing by $17.7 billion across sub-Saharan Africa - including $5.1 billion in new commitments - to promote food production, improve the resilience of food systems, facilitate trade, develop inclusive value chains, and aid vulnerable households and producers. 

Additionally, 4 million people will be reached by the West Africa Food System Resilience Program, which will also enhance yield production through climate-smart agriculture.

What Africa expects from the world in its fight against climate change

African leaders have called for fair and ambitious climate action from the rest of the world to honour their commitments under the Paris Agreement and take urgent and decisive steps to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels according to their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). 

The Paris Agreement reaffirms that wealthier nations should take the lead in giving financial support to less affluent and more vulnerable nations and also encourages voluntary contributions from other parties, acknowledging that to mitigate the negative effects and adapt to a changing environment, large financial resources are required.

Similarly, international bodies like the European Union (EU), are obligated to continually provide funds for projects like the fully solar-powered market hall recently opened in Alexandria Egypt, to support the country’s transition from fossil fuel to clean renewable energy.