According to the figures, South America and parts of Europe are among the best-resourced regions. Countries such as Argentina stand out globally, with more than 200 psychologists per 100,000 people, placing them among the highest in the world.

Chile and Uruguay also show strong coverage, reflecting long-standing investment in mental health services and professional training. In Western Europe, nations like Germany, France, and the Nordic countries report relatively high psychologist density, supported by public healthcare systems that integrate mental health into primary care.

By contrast, the picture is far more concerning across Africa, South Asia , and parts of the Middle East. WHO data show that many countries in these regions have fewer than one psychologist per 100,000 people, and in some cases, no formally registered psychologists at all.

In India and China, despite their large populations, the number of psychologists per capita remains extremely low. Sub-Saharan Africa faces the most severe shortages, where mental health services are often delivered by non-specialists due to a lack of trained professionals.

High-income countries outside Europe also show mixed results. The United States has roughly 30 psychologists per 100,000 people, while Canada sits higher at close to 50. Australia, however, ranks among global leaders with over 100 psychologists per 100,000, reflecting strong government funding, insurance coverage, and public awareness around mental health.

The WHO has repeatedly warned that the global mental health workforce crisis is one of the most urgent public health challenges of the decade. Mental and substance-use disorders account for a significant share of global disability, yet less than 2% of national health budgets are typically allocated to mental health in low- and middle-income countries.

WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, stresses this phenomenon with “Transforming mental health services is one of the most pressing public health challenges. Investing in mental health means investing in people, communities, and economies – an investment no country can afford to neglect. Every government and every leader has a responsibility to act with urgency and to ensure that mental health care is treated not as a privilege, but as a basic right for all.”

Upcoming local council elections in the Maldives are under scrutiny following concerns about the accuracy of the voters’ register. Questions have been raised about potential inconsistencies in voter lists, prompting debate over electoral integrity and the need for safeguards to ensure that elections reflect the will of eligible voters.

Political parties praised for transparent and democratic primary elections

Recent party primaries in the Maldives have been commended for their transparency and adherence to democratic processes. Observers have highlighted the conduct of the primaries as a positive sign for internal party democracy , particularly as political groups prepare candidates for upcoming local council elections.

Foreign observers invited and National Complaints Bureau established ahead of elections

The Maldivian authorities have invited foreign observers to monitor forthcoming elections, while also establishing a National Complaints Bureau to handle election-related grievances. These measures are intended to enhance transparency, build public confidence in the electoral process, and provide formal channels for addressing disputes.

Government expands emergency healthcare with new ambulances and medical launches

The government has expanded emergency healthcare services by procuring 56 ambulances for MVR 65.3 million, which have been handed over to islands across the country. In addition, plans are underway to equip atoll hospitals with speedboats and medical launches by the end of January to improve access to urgent medical care in remote communities.

MDP leaders call for unity as Adam Azim secures Male’ mayoral ticket

Within the Maldivian Democratic Party, Adam Azim has urged party members to unite ahead of elections after securing the Male' mayoral ticket in the party’s primary. Ali Azim publicly congratulated him, stating he would work to ensure victory, as the MDP navigates broader political developments and prepares for upcoming electoral contests.

The map above visualises how different countries approach the issue: some permit active voluntary euthanasia, others allow only passive euthanasia, many prohibit all forms, and several simply have no clear regulation.

According to data compiled by World Population Review, active voluntary euthanasia is legal in a handful of countries, including Belgium, Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, and all six Australian states.

In other jurisdictions, only passive euthanasia is permitted (for example, withdrawal of life-support) or the practice remains entirely illegal.

Recent developments bring this issue into sharper focus. For instance, on October 16, 2025, Uruguay became the first major Latin-American country to pass legislation allowing active euthanasia for adults suffering from incurable and irreversible illness. At the same time, in Europe, the draft bill in France to legalise assisted dying is gaining traction, raising fresh discussions about end-of-life rights.

As populations age and medical technology advances, discussions around death with dignity, patient autonomy and the role of health-care professionals are intensifying. Countries that once prohibited euthanasia are reconsidering, and societies are grappling with how to balance compassion, safeguards and ethical principles.

According to the graphic sourced from UN 2024 data, Africa’s median age sits at about 19.3 years, making it by far the youngest continent. Europe leads in age, with a median of 42.7 years.

Meanwhile, North America is 38.7, Asia is 32.5, South America is 31.7, and Australia/Oceania is 33.3. The contrast highlights how differently regions face the twin forces of youthful populations and ageing societies.

This map is more than visual: it reflects the demographic pressures reshaping global economics, politics , and social systems. Let’s unpack what these differences mean — and why they matter today.

Why Africa remains so young

Africa’s median age of about 19 means that most of its population remains in childhood or youth. This youthful demographic is a legacy of high birth rates and improving child survival, even as life expectancy has been rising globally.

It also places Africa in a moment of potential advantage, often called a “demographic dividend”, where a large cohort of working-age people could drive growth, innovation, and productivity, if the right investments are made in education, health, and jobs.

But this opportunity is not automatic. Without matching growth in infrastructure , education, and employment, Africa instead faces youth unemployment, social instability, and pressure on public services.

The median-age map makes clear just how concentrated the world’s youngest populations are and how urgent it is for African nations to capitalise on youth potential.

Europe’s ageing profile

Europe’s median age of 42.7 signals its deep transition: fertility well below replacement levels, rising life expectancy, and a shrinking younger cohort. This demographic structure intensifies pressure on pensions, healthcare systems, eldercare, and social safety nets. As Europe ages, fewer workers must support more retirees.

Yet even within Europe, disparities are growing. Some countries, especially in Eastern Europe, are facing sharper population decline and brain drain, while others wrestle with integrating migrants to balance age structures.

A recent analysis from the Bruegel think tank suggests that Europe’s ageing burden may be more manageable than often assumed, projecting only modest increases in age-related public spending through 2070. Still, the structural challenge remains significant.

Global ageing

The world is getting older, everywhere. UN projections show that by mid-century, people aged 60 and over will more than double, making up a much larger slice of the global population.

In developed economies, this trend is already clear: working-age ratios (people aged 15–64) have shrunk over time and will keep falling. The Path to 2075 report projects that median ages in “developed markets” will climb toward 47 years by 2075, while in “emerging markets” they’ll approach 40.

Health systems, retirement systems, and labour markets all strain under this shift. The World Health Organisation (WHO) warns that as more people live into their 80s and beyond, chronic diseases, care dependency, and related costs will grow.

Justice Jasgurpreet Singh Puri issued the order after reviewing a medical report in a case and realising that not a single word was readable.

What began as a moment of courtroom confusion became a serious question about patient safety. “Legible medical prescription is a fundamental right," the court said. 

The ruling now requires doctors across Punjab, Haryana, and Chandigarh to either write prescriptions in clear capital letters or switch to typed or digital formats.

The court also directed medical schools to train students on writing legibly, calling it a professional responsibility as vital as diagnosis itself.

Beyond India, the problem is well-documented. A U.S. study once linked around 7,000 deaths a year to medication errors caused by misread prescriptions.

Other research has shown that unclear instructions and abbreviations can lead to serious medical mistakes, from wrong dosages to dispensing the wrong drugs.

Indian doctors acknowledge the issue but point to heavy workloads, often dozens of patients in a day, as a key challenge.

"It's a well-known fact that many doctors have poor handwriting, but that's because most medical practitioners are very busy, especially in overcrowded government hospitals," Dr Dilip Bhanushali, president of the Indian Medical Association, said.

Deputy Minister of Primary and Secondary Education Atip Latipulhayat clarified that teacher allowances and salaries remain part of the National Education System Bill (RUU Sisdiknas), countering fears that they were excluded from discussions. This reassurance was welcomed by educators, as the bill will shape the future of Indonesia’s education policy.

Healthcare and scholarships

The Riau Islands government launched a medical specialist scholarship program to address the shortage of doctors in regional hospitals. Governor Ansar Ahmad called on the central government to support the initiative, which aims to improve local healthcare and retain native talent.

Rice prices and food security

The price of premium rice has surged to Rp16,088 per kilogramme, prompting lawmakers and farmer advocates to urge the government to stabilise prices and accelerate investment in agricultural technology. The call reflects growing concerns about food security despite reported high production levels.

Floods and infrastructure concerns

Tidal floods continue to disrupt life in Rokan Hilir, with residents urging authorities to construct water gates to prevent recurring damage. Meanwhile, Bali and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) are recovering from devastating flash floods that have killed at least 15 people, with 10 still missing. Over 200 rescuers have been deployed, and evacuations are underway.

Presidential actions and diplomacy

President Prabowo Subianto approved the withdrawal of Rp200 trillion in government funds from Bank Indonesia to inject liquidity into the banking system and stimulate economic activity. He also ordered the acceleration of a presidential regulation to combat illegal lobster seed exports, seeking to protect state revenues from illicit trade.

In the early post‑war era, the planet was remarkably young. According to the chart, the global median age fell from 22.2 years in 1950 to a low of 20.3 years in 1970 before beginning a long ascent.

By 1990, it had climbed back to 22.9 years, reflecting gains in child survival and longer life expectancy. The pace of ageing then accelerated: the median age was about 24 years in 1995, 25.1 years in 2000 and 27.2 years by 2010.

Figures for the mid‑2020s illustrate how far the demographic transition has progressed. The chart projects a world median age of 29.6 years in 2020 and 30.9 years in 2025.

This trend is corroborated by data from Worldometer’s World Demographics page, which states that the median age of the global population in 2025 is 30.9 years . The same source shows a clear upward trajectory in a chart stretching back to the 1950ssrv1.worldometers.info.

According to demographers, the sharp fall in the world fertility rate is a major reason why it is ageing. The world’s total fertility rate has fallen from around five children per woman in 1950 to about 2.2 children per woman in 2024, close to the replacement level. Smaller family sizes slow population growth and raise the median age.

Other reasons could include advances in medicine, sanitation and nutrition. This means people live longer. More older adults relative to children increases the median age. Additionally, as more people move to cities and women spend longer in school, family formation is delayed and fertility falls further.

While the global population is getting older, the pattern is uneven. Regions such as Europe and East Asia already have median ages above 40. Countries like Japan and Italy, for example, have high shares of elderly citizens and face shrinking workforces.

At the other end of the spectrum, sub‑Saharan Africa and parts of South Asia remain relatively young, with median ages in the late teens or early twenties.

These contrasts mean the world must adapt in different ways. Developed economies worry about paying for pensions and healthcare as the working‑age population shrinks, while younger nations must create enough jobs and infrastructure to support rapidly growing youth populations.

Implications for the future

The demographic shift toward an older world has far‑reaching consequences:

The war has displaced about 1.9 million people, roughly 90% of Gaza’s population and forced families to move repeatedly as Israeli forces issue evacuation orders.

Monthly data compiled by World Visualized from MoH reports show that fatalities escalated from 8,005 in October 2023 to 27,131 by January 2024 and continued rising steadily.

By June 2025, confirmed deaths reached 56,531, while injuries topped 133,642. Just one month later, in July 2025, the figures climbed to 58,573 fatalities and 139,607 injuries. The sharp increase underscores how even brief pauses in fighting have failed to stem the death toll.

The World Visualized graphics also highlight that while fatalities and injuries in June and July are almost equal in proportion, the absolute numbers continue to grow.

In June, there were 133,642 reported injuries and 56,531 deaths; by July, injuries rose by roughly 6,000, and deaths increased by over 2,000. OCHA notes that 86 % of the Gaza Strip is now either under evacuation orders or classified as an Israeli-militarised zone, leaving civilians with fewer safe areas to seek shelter and increasing the likelihood of casualties.

Beyond the casualty count, OCHA’s latest report warns of worsening humanitarian conditions. Severe shortages of fuel, water and medical supplies threaten to shut down critical services.

Malnutrition rates among children under five have more than doubled since March due to an Israeli blockade that severely restricts food deliveries. OCHA says that over 86 % of Gaza’s territory is either militarised or subject to displacement orders, leaving civilians squeezed into ever‑smaller areas.

UN agencies, including UNICEF and the World Health Organisation, have repeatedly urged Israel to protect civilians and allow unimpeded humanitarian access.

In mid‑July, the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights said Israel’s military campaign is creating conditions “incompatible with the continued existence of Palestinians in Gaza”. Humanitarian convoys coordinated with Israeli authorities are often delayed or denied: between July 9 and 15, nearly 17 % of aid movements were denied, and one-third faced obstacles.

The report ranks cities based on key quality-of-life indicators, and this year’s findings highlight the persistent challenges faced by residents in some of the world ’s most troubled regions.

According to the report, Damascus, Syria remains the least livable city in the world, scoring just 30.7 out of 100. Other cities such as Caracas (Venezuela), Kyiv (Ukraine), and Port Moresby (Papua New Guinea) also rank among the lowest.

The rankings are based on key indicators that measure stability, healthcare, culture and environment , education, and infrastructure.

Top 10 least liveable cities in 2025

What makes these cities “least liveable”?

According to the EIU, these cities face severe challenges that impact residents' day-to-day quality of life:

The EIU notes that while some cities have made improvements in education or cultural engagement, these gains are often overshadowed by deteriorating security or health services.

Egypt received the highest amount of remittance inflows at $22.7 billion, followed by Nigeria with $19.8 billion and Morocco with $12 billion. Kenya ($4.8 billion) and Ghana ($4.6 billion) completed the top five rankings with strong annual growth rates.

Remittances create direct and immediate economic benefits for families and local communities, unlike other external financial sources. The money received through remittances typically finances important costs like education and healthcare while supporting small business initiatives when public services prove inadequate.

African nations received $100 billion in remittances during 2023, which constituted about 6% of their continent's GDP. World Bank reports show that remittance flows exceeded official development assistance, which amounted to $42 billion and surpassed foreign direct investment, which reached $48 billion.

Africa has seen remittance inflows increase by 57% during the last decade, while foreign direct investment experienced a 41% drop.

The expanding remittance gap stems from economic instability alongside climate migration and worldwide income inequalities. Remittances will play a central role in African development strategies as these trends persist.

This data happens to align with the African Development Bank's Macroeconomic Performance and Outlook report , which highlights the top 10 fastest-growing African economies between 2025 and 2026.

The continent's second-largest economy, Senegal, is forecasted to grow by 8.6% through its Grand Tortue Ahmeyim gas project . Uganda, which holds the 9th spot on the remittances list, is recorded as the third fastest-growing African economy with a 7.2% growth.

According to the committee, the Ministry of Health urgently needs $250 million to sustain HIV and TB programs currently at risk due to the funding freeze. Another $65 million is required to hire 8,500 UHC health workers, while $31 million is needed to procure essential commodities, including HIV treatments, family planning supplies, and vaccines . Committee

Chair Dr. James Nyikal stressed that this amount reflects Kenya’s counterpart funding obligations with GAVI and UNICEF. “If we don’t secure this funding, we’ll incur even higher costs later,” Dr. Nyikal warned during a budget committee briefing.

The funding crisis comes as UHC contract workers continue a prolonged strike, demanding permanent employment, salary harmonisation, and the clearance of overdue gratuities. They are also seeking a dedicated budgetary allocation in the 2025/26 fiscal year to ensure their transition into the formal workforce .

While the Treasury has allocated $29 million for UHC worker stipends, the Health Ministry estimates it will need an additional $37 million to cover end-of-contract payouts by May 2026, and $28 million more to absorb the workforce into permanent, pensionable positions.

As of January 1, 2024, 21.6% of the EU's population was aged 65 or older, up from 21.3% in 2023. Over the past decade, this figure has surged by nearly 3 percentage points, reflecting long-term trends of low birth rates and increasing life expectancy.

At a median of 44.7 years, the EU’s population is now among the oldest globally, and this has significant implications for labor markets, pension systems, and healthcare infrastructures.

The countries with the oldest populations in Europe include:

These aging societies share common demographic traits: prolonged low fertility, rising longevity, and substantial post-war baby boomer populations now entering retirement. In Italy, for instance, the birth rate has dropped to one of the lowest in the world —1.24 births per woman, well below the replacement threshold of 2.1.

On the contrary, several countries in and around Europe still retain significantly younger populations:

Turkey, with the lowest median age on the map, maintains higher birth rates (above 2.0 births per woman) and a significantly younger labor force, offering a contrast to the stagnation faced by aging Western European economies.

Eastern and Central European countries such as Poland (43.0), Romania (43.8), and Hungary (42.5) sit below the EU median but are aging quickly due to mass emigration and declining fertility. The situation is compounded by "brain drain"—a loss of working-age populations to wealthier EU nations.

Meanwhile, Nordic countries like Sweden (41.0) and Finland (43.4) fare better, aided by proactive family policies , gender-equal work environments, and generous childcare benefits that mitigate some effects of ageing.

Leading the list is Niger, where a remarkable 56.9% of the population is under 18, followed by Uganda at 55% and Chad at 54.6%.

Top 10 countries with the youngest populations (by % under 18)

Why are these populations so young?

The youth-heavy populations in these countries are largely driven by high fertility rates, limited access to family planning, and cultural norms that favour larger families. For instance, Niger has one of the world’s highest fertility rates , averaging more than six children per woman. Meanwhile, ongoing improvements in child survival rates and healthcare have led to population booms dominated by young people.

A glimpse across generations: Lifespans in years

Bowhead Whale: 200 years

Humans (2020s): 72 years

Elephant: 56 years

Humans (1950): 47 years

Brandt’s Bat: 41 years

Western Gorilla: 35 years

Brown Bear: 25 years

Tiger: 14 years

Hedgehog: 3 years

These numbers provide more than biological trivia as they reflect evolutionary strategies, environmental pressures, and human influence on lifespans.

Why does the bowhead whale live so long?

According to genetic studies cited in The Lancet, the bowhead whale holds secrets to ageing locked in its slow metabolism, resistance to cancer, and cellular repair capabilities. Residing in frigid waters helps too: cold temperatures can reduce metabolic stress, potentially slowing the ageing process.

The human story: A dramatic leap in lifespan

In 1950, global human life expectancy stood at just 47 years, according to the UN World Population Prospects 2022. By 2020, that number had risen to 72 years, fuelled by advancements in medical science and vaccines, sanitation and clean water, nutrition and public health , and education and socio-economic development.

Our World in Data reports that this progress has not been evenly distributed—life expectancy still varies drastically between countries, with some regions in sub-Saharan Africa lagging due to poverty and limited healthcare access.

A recent Expat Insider Survey by InterNations has unveiled its latest ranking of the top 10 most affordable countries to live in for 2025, with Vietnam claiming the number one spot.

The InterNations survey considers factors such as cost of housing, everyday expenses like groceries and utilities, transportation, healthcare affordability, and overall satisfaction with financial situation.

Top 10 Affordable Countries for Expats in 2025

Vietnam

Colombia

Indonesia

Panama

Philippines

India

Mexico

Thailand

Brazil

China

Why Vietnam stands out

According to the report, Vietnam has rapidly become a favourite among expats due to its low cost of living, delicious and inexpensive street food, affordable healthcare, and welcoming communities. The country’s blend of traditional charm and modern amenities—especially in cities like Ho Chi Minh and Hanoi—makes it a top-tier destination for retirees, remote workers, and long-term travellers.

Colombia and Indonesia follow closely, celebrated for their vibrant cultures, low rent prices, and access to nature and leisure. Panama, ranked 4th, benefits from its use of the U.S. dollar and relatively high expat satisfaction due to stable infrastructure.

Colour-coded for clarity, the map shows a vast sea of orange representing countries where Boomers have become the largest generation. Meanwhile, smaller patches of green and yellow indicate where Generation X (1965–1979) and Millennials (1980–1994), respectively, still hold demographic dominance.

The dominance of the Boomer generation in most of Western, Southern, and Central Europe is no surprise. Decades of lower birth rates, longer life expectancy, and the mass aging of the post-war generation have shifted Europe’s demographic center of gravity.

Countries like France, Germany, Italy, and Spain now have Boomers as their largest group, many of whom are retired or approaching retirement. This trend poses significant challenges: shrinking workforces, increasing pressure on healthcare and pension systems, and growing intergenerational economic disparity.

Yet not all of Europe is marching in step with the aging trend. Sweden, Albania, Ukraine, and Turkey stand out in bright yellow as countries where Millennials are still the largest generation. This could be a result of more robust birth rates in the 1980s and 1990s, immigration trends, or outflows of older generations.

Meanwhile, the UK, Ireland, Switzerland, and parts of Eastern Europe remain dominated by Generation X, shown in green. These countries appear to be the demographic "middle ground"—not as young as the Millennial-led nations, but not as elderly as their Boomer-heavy neighbours.

The ranking highlights the top 10 cities worldwide that offer exceptional living conditions based on factors such as healthcare, safety, infrastructure, environment, and cost of living. Following The Hague is another Dutch city, Groningen, with a score of 225.9, reaffirming the Netherlands' reputation for balanced urban living.

Luxembourg City secured third place with 219.9 points, followed closely by Eindhoven (218.3) and Basel in Switzerland (217.0). Other Swiss cities, including Bern (213.6) and Lausanne (206.1), also made the list, further underlining Switzerland’s strong presence in the quality-of-life domain.

The Netherlands dominated the list with five cities—The Hague, Groningen, Utrecht, Eindhoven, and Rotterdam—appearing in the top 10, reflecting the country’s high standards in public services, livability, and sustainability.

Copenhagen, Denmark (204.2), was the only Scandinavian city to cut, rounding out the list at number ten.

Top 10 Cities with the Best Quality of Life in 2025:

Despite significant advances in medical research and healthcare, heart-related illnesses continue to pose the greatest health threat across member states, accounting for over 1.7 million deaths annually.

Eurostat ’s 2024 report reveals that approximately 32% of all deaths in the EU are attributed to cardiovascular diseases, which include conditions such as heart attacks, strokes, and hypertension-related complications.

WHO data further underscores this trend, indicating that ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease (primarily strokes) are the two main culprits behind premature mortality in the region.

While cancer and other chronic diseases have become more prominent in public discourse, cardiovascular diseases still eclipse them in terms of total fatalities. The burden is especially pronounced in Central and Eastern European countries, where lifestyle factors, limited access to preventive care, and economic disparities contribute to higher mortality rates.

CVDs affect both men and women, though the patterns differ. Eurostat data shows that men are more likely to suffer fatal heart attacks at a younger age, while women tend to have higher rates of fatal strokes later in life.

Countries such as Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary report the highest age-standardised mortality rates from cardiovascular causes, in contrast to France, Spain, and Italy, where rates are considerably lower due to better diet, healthcare access, and public health initiatives.

Afghanistan remains at the very bottom, still facing the devastating consequences of decades of war, political instability, poverty, and limited access to basic services.

Not far behind are Sierra Leone and Lebanon—two nations grappling with severe economic crises, institutional dysfunction, and persistent social unrest that continue to erode the quality of life.

Other countries in the bottom ten include Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Botswana, where economic struggles, inadequate healthcare systems, and governance challenges hinder progress toward greater well-being.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo and Yemen, ongoing conflicts and humanitarian crises intensify suffering and insecurity, making happiness feel like an unattainable luxury.

Rounding out the list are Comoros and Lesotho, where weak infrastructure and high poverty levels contribute to low life satisfaction.

While happiness may seem like a subjective concept, it often reflects deep-rooted structural issues that must be addressed to build a better future.

These rankings are based on how people rate their own lives, as measured through surveys conducted by Gallup in partnership with the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network.

Speaking in East Yorkshire, Starmer said the landmark reform aims to “cut red tape, end bureaucratic duplication, and return direct accountability to the Department of Health and Social Care.”

The move, he claimed, will allow more resources to flow directly to front-line care, with funds redirected to support nurses, doctors, and patient services rather than administrative overheads.

“NHS England has played an important role, but we need a leaner, smarter system focused on care, not committees,” the Prime Minister said. “This change will help us rebuild trust in a health service that puts patients first.”

Alongside the NHS shake-up, Starmer unveiled a broader efficiency agenda across Whitehall, powered by artificial intelligence. New AI tools will be rolled out across government departments to streamline processes, cut costs, and improve service delivery. The government estimates these digital reforms could unlock up to £45 billion in savings over the next five years.

Despite warnings from critics, Starmer dismissed suggestions that the measures signal a return to austerity. “This is not about cuts for cuts’ sake,” he insisted. “It’s about smarter spending — using modern technology and better organisation to get more from every pound we spend.”

Starmer maintained that the reforms are necessary to restore confidence in public institutions and deliver value for taxpayers, arguing that inefficiency, not investment, has been the root cause of many government failings in recent years.

“We can’t afford waste in a country that wants world-class public services,” he said. “We’re not cutting back — we’re clearing a path.”

This decision follows a broader hold on USAID projects shortly after President Trump’s second term began, leaving many African nations, reliant on U.S. aid, in a precarious position.

"After a six-week review, we are officially cancelling 83% of the programs at USAID," Rubio said .

He said that the remaining 18% of contracts would be more effectively managed under the State Department once a review by the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) concluded.

This substantial cut in funding is anticipated to cause severe healthcare deficits in Zimbabwe, where USAID played a vital role by funding salaries for medical staff and enhancing healthcare infrastructure, notably in rural regions.

Zimbabwean officials assert that they have alternative strategies in place to cope with the funding loss, urging citizens not to panic. Nonetheless, critics express doubt regarding the government's ability to compensate for the diminished support from USAID.

The situation is similarly dire in South Africa, where clinics dispensing antiretroviral drugs have shut down, critically affecting thousands of HIV-positive patients.

Moreover, the crisis is exacerbated by the withdrawal of UK Aid and other European agencies, which previously provided essential support for development and humanitarian efforts across Africa.

In the wake of U.S. funding cuts, affected governments must now either increase domestic funding or seek alternative international donors to bridge the gap. The long-term repercussions on vulnerable populations in Africa are unclear, but concerns about deteriorating healthcare and economic instability are prevalent.

Europe: 77.2 years

Europe boasts the highest life expectancy, with an average of 77.2 years. Countries like Spain, Italy, and Iceland have some of the highest life expectancies globally. This region is projected to approach 83 years by 2050.

Northern America: 76.9 years

Northern America, comprising the United States and Canada, has a life expectancy of 76.9 years. The United States has a life expectancy of 76.1 years, while Canada's is 81.1 years. By 2050, the continent is expected to be attaining 94 years.

Australia and New Zealand: 76.5 years

Australia and New Zealand have a combined life expectancy of 76.5 years. Australia's life expectancy is 75.6 years, while New Zealand's is 80.5 years. Australian and Oceanian elders are given a lifespan of 82.1 years in 2050.

Latin America and the Caribbean: 75.5 years

Latin America and the Caribbean have a life expectancy of 75.5 years. Countries like Chile, Costa Rica, and Cuba have made significant progress in increasing life expectancy. Interestingly, this region aims at 80.6 years by 2050.

Asia: 73.5 years

Asia's life expectancy is 73.5 years, with notable variations across countries. Japan has one of the highest life expectancies globally, at 87.2 years, while Afghanistan's is 64.1 years. By 2050, Asia's life expectancy is expected to approach 80 years.

Africa: 63.5 years

Africa has the lowest life expectancy, at 63.5 years. While some countries like Mauritius and Seychelles have made significant progress, others like the Central African Republic and Chad continue to face challenges. With the withdrawal of many health aids supported by USAID, the figures are likely to decline. The UN, however, sees a leap by 5 years in 2050.

The majority bloc of Liberia's House of Legislature will hold new elections for the country's representatives at the ECOWAS Parliament on February 25, 2025, replacing the current delegation. Frontpageafrica reports that this decision follows concerns regarding the selection process and adherence to ECOWAS protocols, initiated by calls from representatives James Kolleh and Johnson Williams to withdraw current delegates. Nimba County Representative Taa Wongbe, slated for replacement, opposed the decision, asserting on social media that the current delegates will remain until 2028.

Calls for justice for alleged torture victim

A group of concerned citizens in Liberia is demanding justice for Momo David, an alleged torture victim, following an incident involving Chinese national Michael Shio and his security guards. They were arrested for allegedly assaulting David under accusations of theft on January 13, 2025. Reports indicate he was restrained and tortured in a bathroom. According to the Liberianinvestigator , controversy arose when Shio was reportedly released shortly after his arrest, allegedly on the order of a judicial official. At a press conference, spokesperson Alpha G. Gray condemned the assault and warned of the dangers of inaction by police and the judiciary. He highlighted the severity of the attack, calling it a violation of human rights, and urged the government to act promptly to restore public confidence in the justice system. Gray emphasised this case as a pivotal moment for President Joseph Boakai’s administration, calling for nationwide unity against impunity and injustice.

Corruption charges

Former Liberia Finance Minister Samuel Tweah and co-defendants, including ex-Justice Minister Cllr. Nyanti Tuan is seeking to dismiss their corruption case, claiming it's politically motivated and lacks evidence. They are accused of financial misconduct involving over one billion Liberian dollars and half a million U.S. dollars transferred from the Central Bank of Liberia to the Financial Intelligence Agency (FIA) without proper documentation. The defence argues that these transfers were legitimate national security operations, asserting immunity under the National Security Reform and Intelligence Act, Smartnewsliberia reports. They also claim the prosecution has provided no clear evidence of wrongdoing. The court is expected to rule on the motion to dismiss, with ongoing scrutiny of the government’s failure to produce key financial documents related to the case.

Commissioning of new diplomats

Liberia's Foreign Affairs Minister, Sara Beysolow Nyanti, has commissioned Mr. Johnnie F. Fallah as Consul General in Dakhla, Morocco, and Mr. Baba Sillah as Minister Plenipotentiary to the United Nations. Frontpageafrica reports that the appointments, endorsed by President Joseph Nyuma Boakai, aim to enhance Liberia's international engagement and advance economic development. Minister Nyanti emphasised the importance of economic diplomacy for job creation and sustainable futures in Liberia while reaffirming the alignment with the nation's transformation goals through the ARREST AGENDA. She expressed confidence in the new diplomats' capacity to strengthen Liberia’s global presence and partnerships.

Gov’t takes step to strengthen healthcare

Twenty-six top medical professionals from the U.S., Canada, Europe, and other regions have arrived in Liberia for the 2025 Liberia Medical Mission (LMM), aimed at improving the country’s struggling healthcare system. This initiative, facilitated by the Liberian government and President Joseph Nyuma Boakai, includes the distribution of over $500,000 worth of life-saving medicines across five counties: Gbarpolu, Grand Cape Mount, Bomi, Grand Bassa, and Montserrado. At a reception, President Boakai emphasised the government's commitment to addressing healthcare challenges inherited from previous administrations and engaging the Liberian diaspora in rebuilding the nation. The LMM will provide critical services, including cataract surgeries, mental health training, CPR and emergency training, and repairs of biomedical equipment at key hospitals, Liberianobserver reports.

This move, spearheaded by the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) under Elon Musk, aims to reduce federal spending but has raised concerns about the potential humanitarian and geopolitical repercussions.

Africa stands out as a region heavily reliant on USAID funding , especially in the health sector. In 2024, Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of Congo each received approximately $1.20 billion in aid, primarily directed towards health programmes, including HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.

South Sudan, Somalia, and Nigeria also ranked among the top recipients, with significant portions of their aid allocated to healthcare initiatives. The abrupt cessation of funds threatens to disrupt essential services, such as HIV treatment programmes, potentially leading to a resurgence of the epidemic in these regions.

The suspension has already led to the closure of numerous health clinics and the halting of critical services. For instance, in South Africa, USAID-funded organisations were ordered to halt work for 90 days, forcing clinics to close and leaving patients without access to necessary treatments. This sudden withdrawal not only endangers public health but also undermines years of progress made in combating diseases across the continent.

Beyond Africa, the discontinuation of USAID affects numerous countries worldwide. In 2024, USAID distributed nearly $32.5 billion in aid, with significant allocations to nations like Ukraine, Jordan, and Ethiopia. The suspension of this support destroys various development projects, from infrastructure enhancements to educational programmes, potentially destabilising regions that have been strengthened by U.S. assistance.

In this budget, the government made a $200 million provision to fill gaps created as a result of the aid suspension to the Nigerian health sector, Reuters reported.

The move aims to sustain critical healthcare programs in Africa’s most populous country amid growing uncertainty over the future of USAID, the world’s largest aid donor.

The funding freeze has already impacted key public health initiatives, including contact tracing and international traveller screenings, an American official told CBS News last week.

Meanwhile, Uganda is receiving an additional $2 million from the World Health Organization (WHO) to strengthen its response to the country’s latest Ebola outbreak.

CEO of Bond, a UK-based network of international development organisations, Romilly Greenhill warned that the U.S. cuts could weaken global health security and called on the international community to step in and support affected programs, Semafor reports.

Two medical doctors from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), employed at Queen ‘Mamohato Memorial Hospital (QMMH), are under investigation for allegations of negligence, malpractice, and unethical conduct. One of the doctors is accused of reporting to work while intoxicated, endangering patients' lives, while the other is being probed for malpractice linked to his previous employment at Maluti Adventist Hospital in Mapoteng, Lesotho Times reports. Health Minister Selibe Mochoboroane confirmed that the Lesotho Medical, Dental, and Pharmacy Council has been tasked with investigating the matter and recommending appropriate action. “The investigation will primarily focus on how one of the doctors, who has an alleged history of malpractice and negligence at Maluti Adventist Hospital, was subsequently hired at Queen ‘Mamohato Memorial Hospital,” Mochoboroane said. The investigation will also scrutinise the hiring process that allowed the doctor with a questionable past to secure employment at QMMH.

US visa scandal

As legislator Tṧepo Lipholo continues his controversial campaign to reclaim Lesotho’s purportedly lost land from South Africa, an official involved in facilitating his travel to the United States has been suspended. Japan Mntambo, Director of Consular Affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, issued a "Note Verbal" that allowed Lipholo to obtain a US visa for his campaign. However, Mntambo now faces suspension for allegedly issuing the document without parliamentary approval, Lesotho Times reports. Lipholo, the sole MP of the Basotho Covenant Movement (BCM), has previously submitted motions in Parliament seeking the return of Free State and other territories to Lesotho. The government, led by Prime Minister Sam Matekane, has distanced itself from Lipholo’s agenda, wary of straining diplomatic relations with South Africa. Foreign Affairs Minister Lejone Mpotjoana has labeled Mntambo’s actions a serious violation of protocol, warranting further investigation.

Lesotho’s growing cancer crisis

Lesotho is grappling with an escalating cancer crisis, with calls for urgent investment in local healthcare infrastructure. Health Minister Selibe Mochoboroane revealed that the government spends approximately M250,000 per cancer patient for treatment in South Africa, an unsustainable financial burden as cases continue to rise. Lesotho Times reports that in 2023 alone, the Sankatana Oncology Centre recorded 1,888 cancer cases, including 500 cases of cervical cancer. Speaking at the World Cancer Day commemoration, the minister emphasized the need for a national health system capable of managing cancer treatment locally. He proposed establishing a medical school to train local specialists and a dedicated health fund supported by employer and employee contributions. Despite the government’s efforts, including an HPV vaccination campaign with a 95% success rate and the construction of Lesotho’s first cancer center, experts stress the need for more skilled healthcare workers and better palliative care services.

Chinese embassy disowns Businessman Yan Xie

The Chinese Embassy in Maseru has publicly distanced itself from controversial businessman Yan Xie, popularly known as John, clarifying that he is not a Chinese citizen. The embassy has also dismissed claims that Chinese investors or officials in Lesotho are involved in Xie’s business dealings. Public Eye News reports that Xie has been at the center of multiple corruption and business misconduct allegations. A previous investigation into his nationality was launched by former Minister of Home Affairs, Motlalentoa Letsosa, but was inconclusive due to government changes in 2022. Xie reportedly fled to Australia amid allegations of financial impropriety.

Trade deficit

Lesotho’s trade balance remains a cause for concern, with the latest Southern African Customs Union (SACU) report revealing a widening deficit. In 2023, the country exported goods worth M15.3 billion while importing M31.7 billion. As a SACU member, Lesotho relies heavily on revenue from the union, which significantly contributes to its national budget. Despite government efforts to enhance local production, the country remains a net consumer rather than a producer, Informative News reports. Challenges such as border delays, red tape, and inadequate infrastructure continue to hinder trade, limiting the benefits of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). The manufacturing sector, historically a key economic pillar, has also declined, reflecting shifts in global and regional market dynamics. The business community has urged the government to strengthen border efficiency, streamline customs procedures, and boost local production to capitalise on regional trade opportunities.

The U.S. allocates approximately $60 billion each year to nonmilitary humanitarian and development aid - accounting for less than 1% of the federal budget yet surpassing contributions from any other nation.

“A chaotic, unexplained, and abrupt pause with no guidance has left all our partners around the world high and dry and America looking like a severely unreliable actor to do business with,” a USAID official told ProPublica .

The Centre for Global Support indicates that if USAID's funding freeze were to last a year, 23 economies - 16 low-income countries (LICs) and seven lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) - would experience an economic shock of at least 1 percent. Among them, eight nations would suffer a severe impact of 3 percent or more: South Sudan (9 percent), Somalia (9 percent), Afghanistan (7 percent), Liberia (4 percent), Syria (5 percent), the Central African Republic (4 percent), Yemen (4 percent), and Micronesia (3 percent).

South Sudan

South Sudan, one of the world’s youngest nations, faces severe food insecurity and ongoing conflict, making it one of the most aid-dependent countries globally. USAID has been a major provider of emergency food assistance, health services, and peacekeeping efforts.

With the funding freeze, millions are at risk of malnutrition and disease outbreaks, while peace and stability efforts may suffer setbacks.

“I’ve been an infectious disease doctor for 30 years, and I’ve never seen anything that scares me as much as this,” said Dr. Jennifer Furin , a Harvard Medical School physician who received a stop-work order for a program designing treatment plans for people with the most drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.

Somalia

Somalia, long plagued by terrorism, political instability, and food shortages, relies on USAID for humanitarian aid and famine prevention. The funding halt could worsen an already dire situation, where millions face starvation due to prolonged droughts and ongoing conflict with extremist groups. USAID-backed vaccination and nutrition programs could also be in jeopardy. Amongst others, “through over 450 quick-impact activities worth over $38 million, USAID is helping Somalis demonstrate the benefits of political reconciliation,” a report by the USAID read.

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

The DRC has endured decades of conflict, poverty, and weak governance, making it one of Africa’s most fragile states. USAID funding has supported healthcare services, refugee assistance, and development projects. Without this aid, displacement camps housing millions of internally displaced persons (IDPs) could see a collapse in essential services. The halt could also disrupt efforts to contain disease outbreaks, including Ebola. The U.S. Embassy in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which remains closed until further notice, issued a security alert on Tuesday advising U.S. citizens in Kinshasa to "shelter in place" amid ongoing protests. The embassy also urged citizens to "depart safely while commercial travel options remain available," CNN reports .

Liberia

Liberia, still recovering from the devastating Ebola crisis and years of civil war, depends on USAID primarily for healthcare infrastructure and disease control. The country’s health system is weak, and USAID has played a key role in providing medical supplies, training healthcare workers, and funding immunisation programs. The withdrawal of U.S. support could lead to a surge in preventable diseases and a collapse in maternal and child health services. USAID spearheaded the U.S. government’s international response to the Ebola outbreak, ultimately bringing the number of cases to zero. In total, the virus infected over 28,600 people and claimed 11,300 lives.

  Sudan

Sudan is grappling with armed conflicts and a fragile transition to civilian rule, and USAID has been a critical source of emergency food aid and development assistance. For the past 21 months, USAID and State Department staff have worked to reopen aid routes. Despite slow progress, American-supported convoys were finally beginning to reach some of the most severely affected areas. The suspension of funding will increase the risk of famine, especially in conflict-affected regions like Darfur, while also weakening governance and civil society initiatives aimed at stabilising the country.

Uganda

Uganda is one of the few African nations where USAID has heavily invested in population and reproductive health programs. The funding freeze could result in reduced access to contraceptives, family planning, and maternal healthcare, affecting millions of women and children. Additionally, HIV/AIDS programs that depend on U.S. support may see disruptions, reversing years of progress. Flavia Kyomukama, from the National Forum of People Living with HIV/AIDS Networks Uganda (NAFOPHANU), expressed shock over Donald Trump's decision. "We are still struggling to process what has happened - it’s incredibly difficult to comprehend," she said . "There was a memorandum of support between our countries, a clear roadmap toward zero infections, and yet this decision was made in a single day."

  Ethiopia

Ethiopia, Africa’s second-most populous nation, has been dealing with a devastating civil war, widespread hunger, and political instability. USAID has been one of the largest donors in Ethiopia, supporting food security, disaster relief, and healthcare. The aid freeze could worsen the humanitarian crisis, with millions at risk of starvation and displacement, particularly in the conflict-ridden Tigray region. “The pause of U.S. foreign assistance on Ethiopia will affect many areas of development; however, its impact on Ethiopia’s national HIV response is particularly severe,” an update by the UNAIDS read .

Dr. Christopher Nyanga, spokesperson for Botswana’s Ministry of Health, while acknowledging the critical role US aid has played in advancing Botswana’s healthcare system expressed concern over the potential consequences of the funding freeze.

“There is no doubt that without US support, Botswana may not have been one of the first countries to reach and exceed the ambitious UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets,” Nyanga told the Voice.

The UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals aim for 95% of people living with HIV to know their status, 95% of those diagnosed to receive treatment, and 95% of those on treatment to achieve viral suppression. Botswana has been a global leader in meeting these targets, but the sudden withdrawal of US funding threatens to reverse these gains.

A recent study shows that if USAID funding were paused for a year, 23 economies would experience a financial shock exceeding 1% of their Gross National Income (GNI), with eight facing a severe impact of 3% or more. Among them, eight low-income and eight lower-middle-income countries stand to lose over 20% of their total foreign assistance.

For decades, Botswana has benefitted from US foreign aid, particularly in healthcare, where funding has supported both direct service delivery and technical assistance. The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), introduced in 2003, has contributed over P1 billion to Botswana’s health sector, significantly strengthening the country’s response to HIV/AIDS.

“I grew up seeing how technology was advancing globally, but it felt like our languages and cultures were being left behind,” Speaks explained to the Guardian Sun. He added that his determination to bridge the gap fuelled him to envision an AI that could seamlessly interact in Setswana.

To bring this vision to life, he partnered with Glen Mokoka, an experienced software engineer with a passion for African languages.

How Setswana AI works

Mokoka further explains that AI often sounds like something from a science fiction novel, but in reality, it is a highly advanced computer program capable of processing, understanding, and generating language.

“It can be used in various ways,” Mokoka elaborates. “In education, it can help students learn Setswana through interactive lessons or by translating difficult English concepts. In healthcare, it can provide medical information in Setswana, making it easier for people in rural areas to access essential health advice. Businesses can also benefit from it by using the AI for accounting, customer service, or even generating professional emails in Setswana.”

Highlighting the challenges in developing the Setswana AI noted that Setswana had limited digital linguistic resources. “We had to start from scratch. We collected books, newspapers, and even recorded conversations to build a dataset for the AI to learn from," Speaks said.

Another challenge was the complexity of Setswana grammar. “The way we use prefixes and suffixes can completely change the meaning of a word,” Mokoka explains. “Teaching the AI to recognise these patterns was a huge challenge.”

While the AI currently operates in standard Setswana, the innovators are working on incorporating regional dialects to make it more inclusive.

Agriculture  

Agriculture remains the backbone of Africa's economy, with over 50% of its population dependent on farming for their livelihoods. The sector contributes about 35% to the continent’s gross domestic product (GDP). In line with the African Union’s Agenda 2063, which highlights agriculture as a driver of sustainable development and poverty alleviation, AI is being integrated to enhance productivity and efficiency.

Rwanda and Ghana have led efforts in leveraging AI for agricultural advancements. Local startups in these countries are deploying AI-powered drones to identify and map weed infestations.

Rwanda’s government has further embraced AI-driven agricultural extension services, offering farmers real-time advice on weed management based on local conditions and crop types.

Transforming Healthcare  

AI applications in African healthcare are still in their infancy but have shown some progress. In South Africa , a logistic classifier system is being used to predict the tenure of health workers in public service, helping to optimize human resource planning.

The African Union Commissioner for Infrastructure, Energy, and Digitalisation, Dr. Amani Abou-Zeid, highlighted AI-driven initiatives during the 2024 World Health Summit in Germany. She pointed to Zambia, Morocco, Zimbabwe, Rwanda, and Egypt as examples of countries harnessing AI to tackle health challenges. “This is not just about a few African countries adopting AI; it’s about creating a common African AI story that reaches every corner, even the most remote rural areas,” she stated.

Meanwhile, in Ghana, Zipline, an autonomous drone delivery service, has surpassed 500,000 deliveries of life-saving supplies to over 2,500 health facilities, with similar operations in Rwanda.

Finance sector

AI is transforming Africa’s financial sector, enhancing customer experiences and driving financial inclusion. Mobile money platforms like Kenya’s M-Pesa and MTN Mobile Money in Ghana use AI to detect fraud and offer personalised financial products. Mobile money transactions in Ghana hit a record GH₵3.019 trillion in 2024.

South African fintech company Jumo uses AI to analyse mobile phone usage patterns and credit histories, offering microloans to individuals without traditional credit histories.

Retail and customer engagement  

E-commerce and retail businesses are also leveraging AI to enhance customer experiences. Platforms like Jumia use AI algorithms to recommend products based on user behaviour, creating personalised shopping experiences. AI-driven analytics are also helping businesses understand consumer trends, optimise inventory, and improve marketing strategies. Additionally, AI chatbots are revolutionising customer service by providing instant responses to queries on social media platforms and websites.

Entrepreneurship and startups  

The AI revolution in Africa is being driven by a growing number of innovative startups. Nigeria’s Kudi.ai offers virtual assistants for financial services, while Ethiopia’s iCog Labs focuses on AI research and development, advancing natural language processing and robotics.

In 2023, the world saw nearly 62 million deaths, averaging about 7,000 per hour. China led with 1,334 deaths per hour, followed by India with 1,085. Combined, these two countries accounted for almost one-third of all global deaths.

The United States sees about 340 deaths per hour. Factors such as chronic diseases, lifestyle-related health issues, and an ageing population play a significant role in this figure, while Nigeria experiences approximately 305 deaths per hour.

High mortality rates in Nigeria are often linked to infectious diseases, maternal and child health issues, and limited access to quality healthcare. Efforts to improve healthcare infrastructure are critical to reducing these numbers.

Indonesia, on the other hand, records around 242 deaths per hour. The country's mortality rate is influenced by factors such as infectious diseases, natural disasters, and healthcare accessibility. Ongoing public health initiatives aim to address these issues.

The declining birth rate and an ageing population contribute to Russia's high mortality rate. The country has about 205 deaths per hour. Additionally, the impact of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine has escalated these issues.

A World Health Organisation (WHO) report has revealed that Botswana is unlikely to meet its 2025 malaria reduction target under the Global Technical Strategy (GTS). The 2024 World Malaria Report highlights a 40% rise in malaria case incidence in 2023, citing surveillance challenges as a key issue. The country aimed for a 75% reduction in malaria cases but is not on track, according to the  Sunday Standard .

Botswana supports ending Russia-Ukraine war

Botswana has reaffirmed its commitment to democratic values and its support for the end of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Speaker of the National Assembly, Dithapelo Keorapetse, welcomed Ukraine’s ambassador, Dr. Oleksiy Syvak, during a courtesy visit, Daily News reports. Keorapetse emphasised the importance of human rights and upholding international law, adding that Botswana’s foreign policy aligns with the UN Charter and peaceful governance.

Health sector revival underway

The government has made significant progress in the health sector as the Ministry of Health (MoH) ramped up efforts to address long surgical waiting lists. Out of 200 orthopaedic patients awaiting treatment, 120 have received surgeries, thanks to resource mobilisation and partnerships with private healthcare providers. According to Mmegi Online , patients have been distributed across Princess Marina Hospital, Sir Ketumile Masire Teaching Hospital, and Mahalapye District Hospital to improve efficiency. According to the Health Ministry, these efforts align with the government’s commitment to universal health coverage.

Feminist groups criticise president’s GBV remarks

Feminist Alliance Botswana (FAB) and the GBV SOS Lobby Group have criticised President Duma Boko’s recent comments on Gender-Based Violence (GBV). During the Cabinet Orientation, the president questioned the categorisation of GBV as a subset of violence, a stance feminist groups described as a missed opportunity to advocate for stronger policies against GBV. In an open letter, the groups urged the President to focus on actionable strategies to combat assaults, harassment, and violence against women and girls, emphasising that GBV is a distinct and critical issue. The groups asserted that the president's remarks “risked undermining the urgency of GBV as a national priority, which we believe should be deemed a state of emergency. We are concerned by remarks suggesting that ministers are being scapegoated for GBV. In a democracy, public accountability is not scapegoating, it is a duty. Citizens have the right to question and evaluate government actions, particularly in crises such as the GBV epidemic," the Guardian Sun quotes.

Botswana votes against UN death penalty moratorium

The United Nations Resident Coordinator in Botswana, Zia Choudhury, has expressed concern over Botswana’s decision to vote against a UN resolution for a moratorium on executions. The resolution, aimed at abolishing the death penalty, received support from 130 member states. Sunday Standard reports that Botswana was among the 32 countries that voted against the measure. Choudhury warned that the death penalty makes miscarriages of justice irreversible and urged reconsideration of its use as a punishment.

The launch of the NINJA Accelerator Programme by the Uganda Ministry of Trade, in collaboration with Hindsight Ventures and JICA, marks a significant milestone in supporting growth-stage startups within the country. With ten startups selected from over 130 applicants across diverse industries, including FinTech and HealthTech, the programme presents an opportunity for these enterprises to expand their operations, which currently have monthly revenues ranging from USD 10,000 to USD 120,000. According to Tech in Africa , The programme boasts several key benefits such as customised technical support, market linkages, funding connections, and mentorship, enhancing the potential for these startups to thrive. A noteworthy feature of the initiative is the planned immersion tour to Nairobi, which aims to facilitate engagement with industry leaders and investors. This programme is pivotal to Uganda's overarching goal of escalating its economy from USD 50 billion to USD 500 billion by the year 2040, with a strong emphasis on innovation within the realms of mobile money and clean technology.

Cancer Institute unveils new measures to improve cancer care access in Uganda

The Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) is taking proactive steps to improve accessibility to cancer care in the nation, addressing the pressing challenges of overcrowding and insufficient facilities. According to Chim Reports , The establishment of a new 350-bed specialised cancer hospital is anticipated to substantially enhance patient capacity and the effectiveness of treatment delivery. In conjunction with this, UCI is upgrading its radiotherapy services and prioritising the completion of a Multipurpose Building dedicated to Bone Marrow Transplant services and advanced care options. To bolster patient management, a new call centre has been initiated to facilitate appointment scheduling and provide guidance, thereby streamlining the flow of patients through the healthcare system. Additionally, UCI is spearheading the development of regional cancer care centres in Mbale, Mbarara, and Arua, significantly reducing the travel burden for patients seeking care. Dr. Jackson Orem, the Executive Director of UCI, has reaffirmed the institution's commitment to ensuring that all Ugandans have equitable access to high-quality cancer care.

Bobi Wine: I warned artists gov't would make them beggars

National Unity Platform leader Bobi Wine has publicly denounced Ugandan artists for their reliance on government financial support, which he argues detracts from their value and independence. His recent media commentary accuses certain artists of betraying their fanbase by cooperating with repressive systems. Bobi Wine particularly targeted Gen. Salim Saleh, alleging that he wields inappropriate control over the music industry without the requisite expertise. He has called on artists to champion systemic reforms that protect their rights, moving away from the dependency on financial aid that undermines their dignity. Furthermore, he reiterated the importance of advocating for a Copyright Bill to rectify issues plaguing the music sector, despite the apparent lack of interest from the artists. UMA President Cindy Sanyu also highlighted the necessity for artists to distance themselves from external influences and to adhere to organisational structures that promote sustainable growth within the industry, Nile Post reports.

Libya's leader sends special message to Museveni

President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda has received a special message from Libyan President Mohamed Al-Menfi, conveyed by Senior Political Advisor Dr. Khaled Kaim. Their subsequent meeting at Museveni's Rwakitura residence centred on bolstering bilateral cooperation across trade, investment, and other mutual interests, aiming to reinforce the relationship between Uganda and Libya, Soft Power reports.

MTN Uganda secures $100m loan for network expansion

MTN Uganda has successfully obtained a $100 million (370 billion shilling) syndicated loan dedicated to funding network expansion efforts. This loan, secured from a consortium of five banks, including well-known institutions such as Standard Chartered and Citibank, signifies robust lender confidence in MTN Uganda's growth trajectory. As the largest telecom company in Uganda, boasting approximately 21 million mobile subscribers, MTN Uganda operates as a subsidiary of South Africa’s MTN Group. The recent divestment of remaining shares from its 2021 initial public offering (IPO) while maintaining a substantial 76% ownership by the parent company further underlines the firm’s solid position in the market as reported by AL24 News .

In a notable development for international travel, Sanya Phoenix International Airport is set to enhance connectivity with Ulan Bator, Mongolia, by introducing four weekly flights commencing December 11. According to ECNS , these flights, operated by Juneyao Air, will facilitate easier access to and from Sanya, departing every Tuesday at 9:55 p.m. and returning from Ulan Bator at 4:00 a.m. the following day. This expansion adds to the airport’s existing international network of 27 routes across 20 cities in 2024, with further plans to include destinations such as Tashkent, and Uzbekistan.

  Healthcare

Meanwhile, a significant healthcare initiative has emerged from the partnership between Germany and Mongolia, introducing a debt-for-health swap agreement. Akipress reports that this strategic move enables Mongolia to reallocate funds that would have been used for debt servicing to strengthen its health infrastructure and services, thereby enhancing overall healthcare accessibility for its citizens.

  Tourism promotion and projects

In cultural diplomacy, the Philippine Embassy in Beijing has launched a promotional campaign in Mongolia aimed at showcasing the country’s rich tourism prospects. A photo booth, titled “Explore and Love the Philippines”, was unveiled in Ulaanbaatar, featuring stunning images of Philippine beaches and diving spots. Ambassador Jaime FlorCruz has encouraged Mongolians to consider the Philippines as a winter getaway destination, particularly highlighting locations such as Boracay, Palawan, and Cebu. This initiative will run until December 14, 2024, reinforcing the importance of promoting underwater attractions to the landlocked nation, Philippine News Agency reports.

  Philippines-Mongolia cultural collaborations

Complementing this initiative, a photo exhibition, also under the theme “Explore and Love the Philippines: Philippine Archipelagic Culture and Identity”, was inaugurated on December 9, 2024. Co-hosted by the Philippine Embassy and its Honorary Consulate in Mongolia, this exhibition showcases the Philippines' diverse culture and nature, set to captivate visitors at the Shangri-La Mall in Ulaanbaatar until December 14, 2024. Akipress reports that this initiative serves not only as a cultural display but also as a resource for travel information about the Philippines.

  World Memory Championships

In a display of intellectual prowess, Mongolia's national team shone at the 33rd World Memory Championships held in Turkey, securing an impressive total of 80 medals, categorised as 27 gold, 27 silver, and 26 bronze. This competitive achievement from December 4-8 positions Mongolia at the forefront of memory competitions, with China and India following in second and third place respectively. Noteworthy is the qualification of nine Mongolian athletes for the title of International Grandmaster of Memory, contributing to a cumulative total of 69 Grandmasters within the country over the past 14 years. The performance of two young talents, Uuriintsolmon Enkhjargal and Naranzul Otgon-Ulaan, who established new world records by memorising 6,465 digits and 1,968 cards respectively, exemplifies the high calibre of talent emerging from Mongolia, Akipress reports.

Thailand's healthcare and wellness market is projected to grow by nearly 9% annually, driven by an ageing population and rising beauty trends. The Global Wellness Institute estimates the wellness economy will surpass $7 trillion next year and increase to $8.5 trillion by 2027. According to TTW , With 20.7% of its population aged 60 and older, Thailand is on track to become a super-aged society by 2033, boosting demand for healthcare services, especially among seniors. Key factors fueling this growth include government healthcare initiatives, population dynamics, and increasing medical tourism, particularly in cosmetic surgery.

Thailand’s DES ministry blocks over 178,000 illegal URLs

Thailand’s Digital Economy and Society (DES) Ministry has blocked over 178,000 illegal URLs, with an average of 12,757 blocked each month over the past 14 months. This marks an 8.6-fold increase from the previous year. DES Minister Prasert Chanthararuangthong highlighted improvements in monitoring and collaboration with internet service providers as key factors. The Nation reports that Upon detecting illegal sites, the ministry promptly seeks court orders for blocking, which must be executed by internet providers within two to three days. Noncompliance can lead to daily fines, with potential penalties totalling 21 million baht ($615,862).

Hanwha ocean’s shipbuilding expertise praised

The Thai Parliamentary Defence Committee praised Hanwha Ocean’s shipbuilding expertise during their visit, highlighting its advanced ship design and automation technologies. They recognised the successful HTMS Bhumibol Adulyadej frigate project and expressed interest in collaborating on Thailand's follow-on frigate program to enhance the Royal Thai Navy's capabilities. According to Naval News , Hanwha Ocean proposed strategies to improve Thailand’s shipbuilding industry in partnership with local shipyards. The delegation also acknowledged the quality of Hanwha Ocean’s training programmes for Thai trainees. Steve SK Jeong of Hanwha Ocean emphasised the importance of this partnership for Thailand’s maritime security and economic development.

TAT projects 40 million foreign tourists in 2025

The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) forecasts 40 million foreign tourists in 2025, driven by government initiatives to boost tourism and the economy. TAT governor Thapanee Kiatphaibool anticipates 29 million short-haul and 11 million long-haul tourists, with a 7.5% increase in tourism revenue compared to 2024. The "Amazing Thailand Grand Tourism & Sports Year 2025" campaign will support this growth, coinciding with major events like the Southeast Asian Games and the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship, The Nation reports. TAT plans to enhance tourism through various activities and is urging airlines from India and China to increase flights. This year, Thailand expects 35 million arrivals, generating 2.9 trillion baht in revenue, with notable contributions from China, Malaysia, and India.

Indonesia and Thailand bolster bilateral relations

Indonesia and Thailand are strengthening their bilateral relations under new leadership, focusing on collaboration in trade, investment, security, education, and culture. Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Airlangga Hartarto highlighted a record bilateral trade of over $19 billion in 2022 and significant foreign direct investment from Thailand, reports Antara . He emphasised the need for deeper engagement, including business exchanges and people-to-people contact, aligned with President Prabowo Subianto’s priorities on food and energy security. As both nations approach 75 years of diplomatic relations in 2025, they are also collaborating on initiatives such as the Digital Economy Framework Agreement and seeking membership in BRICS and OECD to amplify the voices of developing countries. Hartarto expressed optimism for continued growth in bilateral and regional relations.

Nowhere is this more evident than in American Samoa, where a staggering 80.2% of adults are classified as obese, making it a stark symbol of a global epidemic.

Pacific island nations, including American Samoa, have seen rapid lifestyle changes over the past few decades.

The growing reliance on imported, highly processed foods has significantly altered traditional diets. Coupled with increasingly sedentary lifestyles and limited access to fresh, nutritious produce, these shifts have created a perfect storm for obesity and related health issues.

The consequences are severe. According to the World Health Organisation , obesity dramatically increases the risk of chronic illnesses such as diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension, posing significant challenges for healthcare systems and economies.

Addressing these health risks requires not only promoting healthy eating and active living but also improving access to affordable, nutritious food options in vulnerable regions.

This crisis serves as a reminder of the complex interplay between globalisation, dietary habits, and public health. Urgent action is needed to curb the tide of obesity and its associated health risks, both in Pacific island nations and around the world.

Geographic and Economic Factors

Smaller nations and affluent territories often top the list when it comes to hospitals per capita. For instance, Monaco and Greenland, with their compact sizes and concentrated resources, can prioritize healthcare infrastructure, ensuring better access for residents. Wealth allows these countries to efficiently allocate resources to build and maintain medical facilities.

Healthcare Funding and Accessibility

Countries with robust healthcare funding—whether through universal systems or substantial public and private investment—typically boast a higher number of hospitals relative to their population. Regular funding ensures facilities can meet population demands, addressing both preventative care and emergency needs.

Specialised Healthcare Demands

In regions facing unique health challenges, such as endemic diseases or a high prevalence of chronic illnesses, the need for more hospitals and clinics becomes urgent. Countries in these circumstances invest in healthcare infrastructure to manage the specific needs of their populations, ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment.

These factors highlight how a nation’s approach to healthcare, paired with its economic and geographic realities, directly impacts its capacity to deliver accessible hospital services.

The Climate Investment Funds (CIF) has approved a $1 billion plan to upgrade Turkey's electricity grid to support renewable energy integration. The initiative includes a $70 million investment from CIF’s Renewable Energy Integration platform, aiming to attract an additional $790 million for infrastructure and $330 million for technology enhancements. The plan, developed in partnership with the EBRD and World Bank, seeks to enable Turkey to integrate 60 Gigawatts of new wind and solar capacity by 2035. This modernization effort aligns with Turkey’s commitment to achieve net zero emissions by 2053 and enhance its renewable energy capabilities, Duvar reports.

Public outrage over deaths of 10 newborns

The tragic deaths of 10 newborns in Turkey have ignited public outrage and eroded trust in the nation's healthcare system. Following the incidents, prosecutors charged 47 medical workers, including Dr. Firat Sari, with neglect and malpractice, alleging they falsified records and embezzled money through unnecessary extended treatments in inadequate private hospitals. Families affected by the deaths are demanding investigations, with over 350 families petitioning authorities. According to Jakarta Globe , President Erdogan acknowledged the need for accountability but cautioned against generalizing the issue to the entire healthcare system. Parents like Burcu Gokdeniz, who lost her baby, expressed feelings of betrayal and fear for their surviving children, highlighting the growing distrust in healthcare for vulnerable newborns.

Steel consumption drops

Steel consumption in Turkey from January to September 2024 decreased by 4.2% year-on-year to 27.8 million tons. Local steel production rose by 13.8% to 27.9 million tons. Exports of finished steel products surged by 31.6% to 27.8 million tons, while imports fell by 12.5% to 9.8 million tons, improving the export-import coverage ratio from 52.0% in 2023 to 75.9% in 2024. As reported by GMK Centre , in September, steel consumption increased by 0.8% to 2.9 million tons, with exports and imports both seeing growth. Notably, shipments to the EU increased by 98%. In 2023, Turkey's overall steel production declined by 4% to 33.7 million tons, with steel exports down 30.6% to 10.5 million tons.

S&P upgrades Turkey's credit rating

Standard and Poor's upgraded Turkey's long-term sovereign credit rating from B+ to BB-, citing economic improvements due to the central bank's strict monetary policy. This has helped stabilise the lira, reduce inflation, rebuild reserves, and decrease the savings gap with the rest of the world. The central bank raised interest rates from 8.5% to 50% from June 2023 to March 2024 to combat inflation, which officially decreased to 49.38% in September after peaking at 85.5% in October 2022. S&P expects no medium-term outlook changes as Turkey works on reducing inflation and rebalancing its economy, Barrons reported.

Erdogan sues mayor

Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has filed a lawsuit against Istanbul's opposition mayor, Ekrem Imamoglu, for allegedly slanderous remarks made during a protest rally. The lawsuit claims Imamoglu's comments, related to the arrest of another opposition mayor, damaged Erdogan's reputation and incited hatred. Imamoglu, a prominent figure in the Republican People's Party and a potential candidate for the 2028 presidential race, previously faced legal issues for calling election officials "idiots" during the 2019 mayoral election, resulting in a conviction and a nearly three-year prison sentence, which he is currently appealing. Erdogan, who began his political career as Istanbul's mayor, has distanced himself from the earlier case against Imamoglu, The New Arab reports.

Here are the top 10 countries:

Taiwan

Taiwan tops the list with a score of 78.72 out of 100. The country is praised for its excellent medical infrastructure and the availability of affordable healthcare services.

South Korea

South Korea ranks second, scoring 77.7. The country is known for its advanced medical technology and efficient healthcare delivery systems.

Australia

Australia comes in third with a score of 74.11. It boasts high-quality healthcare services and a robust public health system.

Canada

Canada is fourth on the list, scoring 71.32. The country is recognised for its universal healthcare system and high standards of medical care.

Sweden

Sweden ranks fifth with a score of 70.73. It is known for its well-organised healthcare system and strong emphasis on preventive care.

Ireland

Ireland takes the sixth spot with a score of 67.99. The country has made significant investments in healthcare infrastructure and services.

Netherlands

The Netherlands is seventh, scoring 65.38. It is renowned for its efficient healthcare system and high-quality medical services.

Germany

Germany ranks eighth with a score of 64.66. The country offers comprehensive healthcare services and has a strong focus on medical research and innovation.

Norway

Norway is ninth on the list, scoring 64.63. It is known for its excellent healthcare services and high levels of patient satisfaction.

Israel

Israel rounds out the top ten with a score of 61.73. The country is recognised for its advanced medical technology and high-quality healthcare services.

A soldier from Uganda's Special Forces Command (SFC), identified as Pte Bony Ameny, is on the run after allegedly shooting three civilians dead and injuring three others in Agago District. The incident occurred around 12:30 AM in Ngora East village, approximately 15 kilometres from his deployment area. The deceased has been identified as 16-year-old Florence Ajalo, 52-year-old Akidi Santina, and her 19-year-old daughter, Sunday Apio. The injured include 45-year-old Charles Kidega and two others, who are receiving treatment at Dr Ambrosoli Hospital. Local officials stated the shooting stemmed from a dispute involving Ameny's wife, who had rekindled a past relationship, the Monitor reports.

Ghanaian firm under investigation

Ugandan authorities have launched an investigation into the Jospong Group of Companies, a Ghanaian firm, following allegations of procurement irregularities related to a landfill management contract. The Inspector General of Government (IGG) has suspended all activities at the Kiteezi landfill involving Jospong, which proposed to manage the site without cost to the Ugandan government. Concerns have been raised about the lack of an open bidding process and whether other interested investors were overlooked. As reported by Modern Ghana , The State Minister for Kampala insists that all legal procedures were followed in awarding the contract, while the IGG's investigation seeks to clarify these claims and the project's funding. The deal, aimed at addressing Uganda's waste management issues, is now under scrutiny for transparency and governance.

Justice in Uganda

Lady Justice Faridah Bukirwa has emerged as a symbol of justice in Uganda, known for her exceptional efficiency and commitment to the rule of law, notably closing 1,866 cases in a year. Her recent sidelining raises concerns about the government's dedication to women's empowerment and threatens to undermine progress made in gender equality. Many in the Busoga region and beyond are demanding her reinstatement, viewing it as essential not just for judicial credibility but also for the empowerment of women in leadership positions. Nile Post reports that the removal of Justice Bukirwa is seen as a step back from the advancements women have fought for in Uganda and calls for global solidarity to support her return. This situation highlights the intertwined battles for judicial independence and gender equality, underscoring the need for a united front in advocating for women's rights.

Malnutrition on the rise

Acute malnutrition is severely impacting Northern Uganda, particularly in Omoro and Otuke districts, where over 268,000 children are affected. Many families struggle to provide nutritious meals due to poverty, diseases, and inadequate resources. Parents, like Night Aloyo and Betty Awor, report spending significant amounts on treatment for their malnourished children, who often suffer from persistent health issues. According to the Monitor , while Uganda has made progress in reducing malnutrition rates, it is not enough to meet global commitments. Factors contributing to high malnutrition include inadequate food consumption, poor sanitation, and extreme weather events affecting agricultural productivity. Additionally, healthcare facilities face challenges due to shortages of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), essential for treating severe malnutrition.

Ugandan shilling selling price

The Ugandan shilling remained stable on October 21, 2024, with slight strengthening due to inflows from charities and remittances, trading at 3,760/3,770 compared to the previous close of 3,662/3,672, CBNC Africa reports.

A growing number of young Zambians, like 18-year-old Mercy Banda, are choosing China for tertiary education, attracted by its strong academic standards and practical skills focus. Banda is set to study civil engineering in Beijing, believing that education in China will help her become a leading civil engineer and contribute to Zambia's infrastructure development. According to Xinhua , factors driving this trend include China's affordable education, available scholarships, and active promotion of its universities. Wensi Recruitment Agency, which has assisted over 200 Zambian youth in studying abroad, reports a significant increase in interest in studies in China compared to Europe.

Uranium recoveries

GoviEx Uranium Inc. has reported impressive uranium recoveries exceeding 90% at its Mutanga Project in Zambia, surpassing the previous average of 88%. CEO Daniel Major highlighted the advancements in metallurgical testing, which included increased column sizes for more accurate results. The improvements are crucial for the ongoing feasibility study, expected to reveal high recoveries and low acid consumption. GoviEx is finalizing operating and capital cost assessments and plans to release a full feasibility report by year-end, reports Proactive . The company is also working to meet IFC standards for its Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and is exploring early works to expedite the project.

FIFA U-17 women

The FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup 2024 marks a significant milestone for African football, featuring Kenya's first appearance in a FIFA tournament and Zambia's continued participation. Zambia faced Brazil, losing 1-0 but demonstrating strong defensive resilience throughout the match despite conceding a goal in the 19th minute. Their performance showcased improvement and commitment in international competition. Kenya played against England, losing 2-0 in their historic debut. England took an early lead with a penalty, and despite Kenya’s efforts to counter, they could not equalise. A late goal from England sealed the match. Both teams’ experiences provide valuable lessons for future competitions and development in women’s football in Africa, CAF Online reports.

Zambian healthcare saves the day

Many Zimbabweans, facing a failing healthcare system, are seeking better medical care in Zambia. Shupikai Sithole, a cancer patient, illustrates this trend after her insufficient treatment in Zimbabwe led her family to the advanced facilities at Mtendere Mission Hospital in Zambia. Here, she found hope and compassionate care, contrasting sharply with her experiences in the overcrowded and under-resourced hospitals back home. The crisis in Zimbabwe's healthcare is exacerbated by economic and political issues, driving citizens to seek treatment abroad. Tom Shiriyedenga's tragic experience, having lost his wife due to inadequate care, underscores the need for urgent reform. He advocates for change to prevent others from facing similar hardships. According to Bulawayo , health experts emphasize the dire need for improvement in Zimbabwe’s healthcare infrastructure, calling for government action to ensure access to quality medical services is a constitutional right. As many continue to turn to Zambia and even South Africa for healthcare, the need for reform in Zimbabwe remains critical.

Journalist arrested three times in a year

Zambian journalist Thomas Allan Zgambo was arrested for the third time in a year on October 16, 2024, at a Lusaka police station without charges, sparking concerns from the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ). They urged Zambian authorities to release him and drop all criminal cases against him, criticizing the government's failure to uphold press freedom despite President Hakainde Hichilema's promises. Zgambo's previous arrests were linked to charges of seditious practices stemming from his critical reporting on the government. His latest arrest followed Hichilema's public commitment to support press freedom. Zgambo claimed the arrests were attempts to silence him, reports Committee to Protect Journalists .

This practice is common in countries like Colombia and Ecuador, where schools begin as early as 6:00 am, and others like Brazil and Guatemala, which have start times around 7:00 am. 

While early school schedules are meant to optimise the day, they come at a cost to children's sleep and overall well-being.  Experts warn  that such early start times can disrupt natural sleep patterns, especially for adolescents who need more rest during their development. 

Sleep deprivation can lead to problems with concentration, mood, and physical health, making it harder for students to thrive in the classroom.

In contrast, some countries like Uruguay start school as late as 10:00 am, offering a model that allows children to sleep more and arrive at school well-rested. The varying start times across Latin America reflect different educational policies, but there's growing debate over whether such early mornings are truly in the best interest of students' health and learning outcomes.

Balancing educational needs with the well-being of students is a critical issue, and some regions are exploring later school start times to better align with the natural sleep cycles of children and teens, allowing them to grow, learn, and thrive.