The latest information indicated the boat was still near Anak Krakatau at around 18:13 on Monday, Amrad said. "So far, the search has yielded no results."

Indonesia's National Search and Rescue Agency, Basarnas, deployed four teams to search waters around Anak Krakatau, Rakata Island and Panjang Island. All eight people remained missing as of Wednesday morning.

Anak Krakatau has continued to erupt intermittently, with authorities maintaining a three-kilometre exclusion zone around its active crater.

German traveller Ana said her flight to Lombok had been cancelled and passengers were struggling to get clear information. "It's a little bit difficult for us because nobody can tell us anything about the flights and where we can get our money back and what the next step is," she said.

Passenger Ronald Tampubolon said his flight had been delayed from 11:00 to 14:00, while another traveller, Maurin, said long queues made both refunds and rescheduling difficult.

Reports said hundreds of flights and around 22,800 passengers were affected at Soekarno-Hatta. A further 31 Jakarta-bound flights were cancelled at airports across Malaysia.

Anak Krakatau, located in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra, erupted repeatedly on Saturday. Indonesia's meteorological agency reported ash plumes reaching up to 6,000 metres on the Java side and as high as 15,000 metres on the Sumatra side and over parts of Banten province.

Neighbour Bidhnu Karman said the family was trapped inside for around four hours as floodwater surged around the building.

"They were saying goodbye and waving their hands as if it was the end," he said. "But fortunately, they were lucky to stay alive by God's grace, and the house withstood the floods."

Owners Prakash Pandey Pyakurel and Lakshmi Pandey had been at a nearby shop when the flood approached and rushed back to the house, where relatives were still inside.

Karman said he lost all his belongings, including decades of savings, but was grateful to have survived. There has been no formal engineering assessment explaining why the house remained standing.

Nepalese authorities said on Friday that 1,287 bodies had been recovered, 5,083 people remained missing and more than 13,000 had been rescued following the August 26 disaster.

"There was nothing here after the floods. Now they have set up this Tuin, and it is helping our people . We are able to help 150 to 200 people cross each day," former government official Seetharam Baneth said.

The crossing provides an alternative route for isolated communities after the August 26 floods devastated parts of the Trishuli Valley. Authorities said at least 1,287 people have been killed and more than 5,000 remain missing across Nepal.

The disaster was triggered by the collapse of part of a glacier and underlying rock near the Nepal-China border, unleashing flash floods, landslides and debris downstream. Nuwakot is among the worst-hit districts, where damaged infrastructure has complicated relief efforts and access to remote areas.

The World Risk Report 2024 has identified the top 10 countries most vulnerable to natural disasters, considering exposure, vulnerability, and susceptibility to extreme natural events like earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and drought.

According to the report, the top 10 countries with the highest disaster risk are:​

Philippines : With a WorldRiskIndex (WRI) score of 46.91, the Philippines faces significant exposure to natural hazards such as typhoons, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. The country's archipelagic nature and socio-economic vulnerabilities contribute to its high disaster risk. ​

Indonesia : With a WRI score of 41.13, Indonesia 's position along the Pacific Ring of Fire makes it susceptible to earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic activity. The country's high population density in hazard-prone areas amplifies the risk. ​

India : With a WRI of 40.96, India is vulnerable to diverse natural hazards, including floods, cyclones, and earthquakes. Rapid urbanisation and socio-economic disparities add to its vulnerability. ​

Colombia : With a WRI of 37.81, Colombia is prone to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and floods. Its varied topography and socio-political factors influence its vulnerability. ​

Mexico : Mexico's WRI score of 35.93 reflects its exposure to earthquakes, hurricanes, and volcanic activity. Urbanization in high-risk zones and socio-economic challenges contribute to its disaster risk. ​

Myanmar : Scoring 35.85 on the WRI, Myanmar faces risks from cyclones, floods, and earthquakes. Limited infrastructure and socio-economic challenges heighten its susceptibility. ​

Mozambique : With a WRI of 34.44, Mozambique is vulnerable to cyclones, floods, and droughts. Socio-economic factors and inadequate infrastructure contribute to its high disaster risk. ​