Africa

Muhammadu Buhari (82) – Former Nigerian military ruler and president (2015–2023); died on 13 July 2025.

Sam Nujoma (95) – Founding president of Namibia, who led from 1990 to 2005; passed away on 8 February 2025.

Edgar Lungu (68) – Former president of Zambia (2015–2021); died on 5 May 2025 from complications during surgery.

Raila Odinga (80) – Former Prime Minister of Kenya; passed away on 15 October 2025 following a cardiac arrest.

Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o (87) – Prominent Kenyan writer known for A Grain of Wheat ; died on 28 November 2025.

Daddy Lumba (60) – Known as one of the most prolific and influential musicians in Ghanaian history, whose birth name is Charles Kwadwo Fosu, passed away on 26 June 2025.

Asia

Khaleda Zia (80) – Bangladesh’s first female prime minister; passed away on 30 December 2025.

Kim Yong-nam (97) – Former head of state of North Korea; died on 3 November 2025 due to organ failure and colorectal cancer.

Queen Sirikit (93) – Queen Mother of Thailand; died on 24 November 2025 from a blood infection.

Aga Khan IV (88) – Spiritual leader of the Nizari Ismaili community and philanthropist; passed away on 4 February 2025.

Yang Chen-Ning (103) – Chinese theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate; died on 18 November 2025.

Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (85) – Malaysia’s former prime minister (2003–2009); died on 14 April 2025 due to organ failure.

Shigeo Nagashima (89) – Japanese baseball legend; passed away on 3 June 2025 from pneumonia.

Latin America

Pope Francis (88) – Argentine-born head of the Roman Catholic Church; died on 21 April 2025 from a stroke.

Mario Vargas Llosa (89) – Peruvian writer and Nobel laureate; passed away on 13 April 2025.

José Mujica (89) – Former Uruguayan president known for his modest lifestyle ; died on 13 May 2025 from oesophageal cancer.

Violeta Chamorro (95) – Nicaragua’s first female president; passed away on 14 June 2025.

Mauricio Funes (65) – Former Salvadoran president; died on 21 February 2025 due to complications from a heart attack.

Lalo Schifrin (93) – Argentine composer best known for the Mission: Impossible theme; passed away on 26 June 2025 from pneumonia complications.

Beyond the high-profile losses in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, the year 2025 was marked by the passing of several monumental figures from America and Europe whose influence defined modern politics, cinema, and music. Here are some of the most notable deaths that shook the Western world :

America and Europe

Dick Cheney (84) – Former U.S. Vice President (2001–2009), known for his role in shaping post-9/11 foreign policy, died on 3 November 2025 from pneumonia and heart disease.

Ozzy Osbourne (76) – English Hall of Fame musician and Black Sabbath frontman, passed away on 22 June 2025 following a heart attack.

Robert Redford (89) – Academy Award-winning actor, director, and founder of the Sundance Film Festival; died on 16 May 2025.

Brigitte Bardot (91) – French actress and 1960s cultural icon who later became an animal rights advocate; passed on 28 December 2025.

Gene Hackman (95) – Two-time Oscar winner, known for The French Connection and Unforgiven , died on 18 February 2025 from heart disease and Alzheimer’s.

Val Kilmer (65) – American actor famed for roles in Top Gun and Batman Forever ; died on 1 April 2025 from pneumonia.

Jean-Marie Le Pen (96) – Founder of France’s National Front and long-time right-wing political figure; passed on 7 January 2025.

Jim Lovell (97) – U.S. astronaut and commander of the ill-fated Apollo 13 mission, who famously returned his crew safely to Earth, passed away on 7 August 2025.  

Diane Keaton (79) – Oscar-winning actress known for roles in Annie Hall and The Godfather series; died on 11 October 2025 from bacterial pneumonia.

Charlie Kirk (31) – American conservative activist and co-founder of Turning Point USA; fatally shot on 10 September 2025 during a university debate event.

Giorgio Armani (91) – Italian fashion designer and founder of the Armani brand; died on 4 September 2025 due to liver failure.

Hulk Hogan (71) – American professional wrestling icon and WWF/WCW star; died on 24 July 2025 from a heart attack.

Diogo Jota (28) – The sporting world was shocked by the sudden death of Portuguese footballer for Liverpool on 3 July 2025 in a traffic collision in Spain.

Rest of the world

Sir Julius Chan (85) – A founding father of Papua New Guinea and former Prime Minister, passed away on 30 January 2025.

Max Romeo (80) – The world-famous Jamaican reggae musician known for hits like "Chase the Devil" died on 11 April 2025 of heart complications.

Ena Collymore-Woodstock (108) – Jamaica’s first female magistrate and legal pioneer; died on 2 January 2025.

Octavio Dotel (51) – Dominican MLB pitcher and World Series champion; killed on 8 April 2025 in the Dominican nightclub tragedy.

“We must consider both motivation and method,” the prime minister said. “We’ve been informed that the Office of National Intelligence has identified material that reinforces this was an ISIS-inspired attack.”

The shooting, described by authorities as Australia’s worst mass casualty attack since the 1996 Port Arthur massacre, left 15 people dead, including one of the gunmen, and injured more than 40 others. Those killed included Rabbi Eli Schlanger and a Holocaust survivor, according to community leaders.

Police said the attackers were identified as father and son Sajid Akram, 50, and Naveed Akram, 24. Sajid Akram was shot dead by police at the scene, while his son was arrested and remains in custody.

In response, Albanese unveiled a national gun buyback scheme, calling it the most significant firearms reform since the sweeping changes introduced after Port Arthur, where 35 people were killed.

“The terrible events at Bondi show we need to get more guns off our streets,” he said.

Under the proposal, the federal government will partner with states and territories to buy back surplus, newly banned and illegal firearms, with costs shared equally. Albanese noted that Australia now has more than four million firearms in circulation—more than at the time of the Port Arthur tragedy nearly three decades ago.

The government also plans to cap the number of firearms an individual can own, tighten licensing requirements, restrict the types of guns that can be legally owned, require Australian citizenship for firearm licences and fast-track the creation of a National Firearms Register.

“Australians are rightly proud of our gun laws,” Albanese said. “We are not home to the constant carnage we see in some countries, and we intend to keep it that way.”

Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka has defended his government’s decision to open a Fiji Embassy in Israel , saying it was a state decision rooted in longstanding ties, not a move by any single coalition party. Rabuka recalled that Israel supported Fiji when “traditional defence partners withdrew” and has consistently backed its peacekeeping operations. The decision has drawn sharp criticism. Fiji Labour Party leader Mahendra Chaudhry questioned the timing, noting that “much of the free world is distancing itself from Israel” over Gaza. The NGO Coalition on Human Rights condemned the move as “shameful,” citing more than 65,000 deaths in Gaza and accusing Fiji of betraying its human rights principles and its own “Ocean of Peace” vision.

Official bats for recognition of sign language as a human right

Fiji has renewed calls for stronger recognition of sign language as a fundamental right. Speaking on the International Day of Sign Language, Women, Children and Social Protection Minister Sashi Kiran said, “No human rights are complete without sign language rights.” She said the government supports its recognition as an official language and pointed to the Cabinet-approved Disability Policy as a framework to advance inclusion across education, health and public life. She noted progress, from interpreters on national television and in parliament to new advocacy groups, but said barriers persist. Kiran also praised the work of the Fiji Association of the Deaf and others, stressing sign language is not only communication but “a rich expression of identity and culture.” 

Fiji leader raises health crises to UN 

Fiji’s Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka has urged global action on non-communicable diseases and mental health , calling them “global threats that demand urgent action.” Addressing world leaders in New York, he said NCDs account for more than 80% of deaths in Fiji, while mental health — especially among youth — remains neglected. Rabuka outlined Fiji’s response, from new legislation and school health programmes to expanded mental health services, but noted stigma, underfunding and scarce resources hamper progress. Rabuka appealed for targeted international funding, arguing that small nations cannot confront these crises alone.

Climate-resilient water systems set for $385M boost

Fiji has signed a $385 million agreement with the Asian Development Bank to modernise its water and wastewater systems , in what officials describe as a benchmark for climate-resilient infrastructure. Acting Prime Minister and Finance Minister Biman Prasad said the project aligns with the National Development Plan 2025-2029 and the Water Sector Strategy 2050, both of which prioritise adaptation, ocean health and reliable services. ADB regional director Aaron Batten said the project will also establish a Pacific Regional Water Operators Training Programme, positioning Fiji as a hub to address skills gaps across the region’s water sector.

PM urges UN Security Council to act before AI risks escalate

Fiji’s Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka has urged the United Nations Security Council to create a global framework to govern artificial intelligence in peace and security, warning that inaction could expose the world to instability. Speaking in New York, Rabuka said AI could enhance conflict prevention, cyber defence and humanitarian aid but stressed, “Peace is not achieved by technology but by people through trust, justice, and political will.” He called for an intergovernmental process to design safeguards, citing the Pacific’s Ocean of Peace Declaration, where leaders pledged to protect sovereignty and reject military interference. 

Convicted Epi MP Seoule Simeon reported to Vanuatu Correctional Services on September 10 to begin serving his two-year, six-month sentence for car theft. Officials confirmed Simeon will undergo the same intake and classification process as other detainees, including health checks, risk assessments, and orientation. Simeon has appealed his conviction but must follow all correctional protocols while his case is under review. His imprisonment is one of the rare instances of a sitting MP being formally processed under Vanuatu’s penal system.

Australia’s Albanese makes first visit to Vanuatu before joining Pacific Islands Forum

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese arrived in Port Vila on September 9 for his first visit to Vanuatu as prime minister. He met Prime Minister Jotham Napat and made a courtesy call on President Nikenike Vurobaravu before travelling to Solomon Islands for the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) Leaders’ Meeting. Vanuatu’s participation at the 54th PIF Summit will focus on regional priorities, including climate action and economic development. 

Vanuatu seizes 450kg of cocaine in yacht, arrests Chinese and Turkish crew

Vanuatu authorities seized over 450 kilograms of cocaine from the yacht Mi Amore in a joint operation involving police, customs, immigration, and the Australian Federal Police. The August 28 raid led to the arrest of three crew members — one Chinese national and two Turkish nationals — who remain in custody as investigations continue. Minister of Internal Affairs Andrew Solomon Napuat said the bust highlights the importance of maritime security under the VPF’s 100-Day Plan. The yacht was first reported near Gaua on August 7 before being escorted for inspection, where hidden compartments containing cocaine were found.

210 more teachers join nationwide strike 

The Vanuatu Teachers Union confirmed that 210 additional teachers have joined its strike, which is expected to intensify when Term 3 begins. VTU Secretary General Jonathan Yona said solidarity has grown since the Court of Appeal upheld a Supreme Court ruling declaring the strike legal and reinstating over 600 suspended teachers. The union is demanding a Collective Bargaining Agreement worth about VT8 billion (~ $48.8 million) in compensation and unpaid entitlements. Yona said teachers will not return to classrooms until negotiations take place. The VTU is also preparing damage claims on behalf of members, calling the legal win a victory for workers’ rights and urging others to unionise to protect their interests.

CBA exit threatens millions in Vanuatu citizenship revenue

The Vanuatu government and citizenship agents face a potential major revenue loss after the Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) announced it will stop processing transfers for “Designated Agents” under the country’s Development Support Program (DSP) and Capital Investment Immigration Plan (CIIP) from September 30. The CBA acts as the AUD and NZD correspondent bank for the National Bank of Vanuatu (NBV) and ASB Bank in Auckland. Authorities said new arrangements are being put in place to maintain inflows of citizenship program funds and will be monitored to minimise disruption to government and agent revenues.

Nauru’s Minister for Commerce and Foreign Investment, Maverick Eoe, led a delegation to Washington, where they held high-level discussions at the White House. Talks focused on deepening cooperation in trade, investment, and development, with particular emphasis on deep-sea mining partnerships and Nauru’s role in supplying critical minerals for clean energy. U.S. officials expressed interest in strengthening ties with Pacific island states as part of Washington’s broader Indo-Pacific strategy.

$1 billion development deal

Nauru has signed a $1 billion socio-economic development agreement with the China Rural Revitalisation and Development Corporation (CRRDC). The deal will support renewable energy projects, marine fisheries, and eco-tourism, while also creating jobs and promoting cultural exchanges. Government officials said the partnership reflects Nauru’s commitment to building sustainable industries and reducing dependence on foreign aid. The CRRDC agreement is one of the largest foreign investment pledges ever made to the island nation.

Global climate partnership

In a bid to confront the existential threat of rising sea levels, Nauru has joined a global climate resilience initiative. The program aims to channel technical support and funding into Pacific island nations vulnerable to climate change. Under the plan, Nauru will receive assistance in developing coastal protection systems, renewable energy grids, and community-based adaptation strategies. Leaders said the move is crucial for safeguarding the nation’s future amid worsening climate risks.

Fisheries cooperation

Nauru has renewed and expanded its fisheries partnership with Japan, granting Japanese vessels greater access to Nauru’s exclusive economic zone in exchange for technical training and infrastructure support. The deal also includes investments in sustainable fishing practices to ensure long-term resource management. Fisheries remain one of Nauru’s most valuable economic assets, and officials hailed the agreement as a balance between revenue generation and conservation.

Australian aid

Australia has committed new funding to improve infrastructure in Nauru, including upgrades to the island’s main port and road networks. The aid package also covers educational programs and healthcare support, reflecting Canberra’s pledge to maintain strong ties with Pacific island nations. Nauru’s government said the projects will help improve connectivity, enhance trade logistics, and deliver vital services to its citizens.

The Supreme Court will deliver its opinion on Friday regarding questions raised by the Cabinet on the interpretation and application of amendment provisions in Fiji’s 2013 Constitution . These questions include whether the amendment and transitional provisions of the 2013 Constitution are binding and if they can ever be altered. The high court will also rule on questions raised by Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka about the process for constitutional amendments, including whether a referendum and special majority are required.

Ex-Fiji PM, police chief to testify in court

Former Fiji Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama and ex-Police Commissioner Sitiveni Qiliho are set to take the stand as defence witnesses tomorrow at the Suva High Court. Bainimarama faces one count of making unwarranted demands, while Qiliho faces two counts of abuse of office. Prosecutors allege both men influenced disciplinary actions against police officers. Defence lawyers said they will not file a no-case-to-answer application.

India to open defence wing in Suva 

India will establish a defence wing at its High Commission in Suva as part of efforts to strengthen defence and security cooperation with Fiji. The initiative, announced during Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka’s visit to New Delhi, includes the appointment of a defence attaché, maritime security support, training, equipment, and the creation of a cybersecurity training cell in Fiji. In a joint statement, Prime Ministers Rabuka and Narendra Modi reaffirmed a shared commitment to a secure Indo-Pacific. Rabuka said the cooperation will help protect Fiji’s Exclusive Economic Zone, while Indian officials noted the focus remains on capacity building and maritime security.

Police probe motive behind Hindu statue thefts in Nadi

Police are investigating the theft of Hindu religious statues in Nadi, with five cases reported on Friday. Officers said the motive behind the incidents is too early to confirm at this stage and will be determined following the investigation. Three cases occurred in Korociri where five statues and a clay lamp were stolen, while separate incidents were reported in Nakurakura and Sagayam Road. 

Hindu federation concerned by vandalism of Hindu figures in Fiji

The World Hindu Federation (Pacific) has written to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, expressing deep concern over recent vandalism and thefts at Hindu temples and homes in Nadi, including the removal of sacred statues and Shivlings. Federation President Sunil Kumar said these repeated attacks have caused widespread distress within the Hindu community and questioned whether the current political climate under Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka has emboldened such behaviour. The Federation has called on Modi to ask Rabuka how his government intends to safeguard the sanctity of religious sites and to explain the measures in place to protect the Hindu minority.

It was developed by the Ministry of Fisheries, Ocean and Maritime Affairs in partnership with Blue Prosperity Vanuatu, a programme that supports ocean protection and sustainable development.

The launch will take place on July 15 at the National University of Vanuatu during its Open Day. The event will bring together students, scientists, and the public to learn more about the state of coral reefs, which are crucial for marine life, food supply, and coastal protection.

Government officials say the new report will help guide national policies to protect the ocean better and manage marine resources. It is expected to play a key role in planning for the future as Vanuatu looks for ways to balance ocean conservation with the needs of its communities.

The report is also part of Vanuatu’s wider effort to lead conversations across the Pacific on climate resilience and the importance of protecting marine ecosystems.

“This is the most significant coral reef study in our country’s history,” the government said in a statement. “It provides a strong foundation to protect our oceans for the future.”

The image for this article was AI-generated.

The decision is a major win for the Vanuatu Teachers Union, which organised the industrial action after long-standing disputes over payroll issues.

Judge Edwin Peter Goldsbrough said there was no evidence that the strike breached procedures, despite claims from the Teaching Service Commission, which oversees teachers' contracts.

Teachers went on strike after the government moved their payroll budget from the Ministry of Education to the Teaching Service Commission.

Talks between the two sides collapsed after one party failed to attend three separate meetings led by a conciliator.

An agreement was later signed in June 2024, and teachers agreed to return to work once they received partial payments.

But as delays in payment continued , more teachers were suspended.

Eventually, over 600 teachers had been removed from their roles.

In March this year, the Minister of Education, Simil Johnson, said the government had committed to settling outstanding payments worth four billion vatu (about US$34 million).

According to him, some of the teachers’ claims lacked evidence, albeit stressing that legal entitlements were already being paid and would continue to be processed.

A government review found that, of 1,192 claims for principal and deputy principal allowances, only 496 were confirmed and paid, while 461 were rejected.

The union described the court ruling as a victory not only for teachers but for all workers in the country.

Tonga became the first Pacific Island country to host a Climate Finance Readiness Writeshop and Validation Exercise (4–7 March 2025), marking a major step in boosting its capacity to access climate finance. Co-hosted by the Pacific Community (SPC) and MEIDECC, the event trained 42 participants from government, civil society, and private sectors on developing quality funding proposals using tools like the Woven Logical Framework and PINT. The programme included a field visit to a mangrove restoration project and concluded with a Validation Exercise refining Tonga’s Climate Change Fund proposal. Lu’isa Tu’iafitu Malolo, MEIDECC’s Climate Change Director, emphasised that the workshop strengthens Tonga’s capacity to develop, implement, and monitor effective climate projects—a model for other Pacific nations.

PM presents Tonga's biggest budget $992.8 million

Tonga’s largest budget yet— $992.8 million for 2025-26 —was presented by Prime Minister Hon. Dr 'Aisake Eke to Parliament on 3 June. This includes $748.9 million in cash and $243.9 million in in-kind aid from development partners. Dr. Eke said the budget aligns with His Majesty’s address, the National Development Summit, and government strategic plans, aiming to address Tonga’s economic and social challenges and enhance prosperity. A $29.1 million deficit is projected, mainly due to infrastructure investments, and will be financed by $30 million in local bonds.

Key priorities include:

Samoa and Tonga ready for clash

Oceania Rugby and the Samoan and Tongan Under-20 teams are set to clash at Apia Park on Saturday , June 7, despite heavy rain from Tropical Disturbance 07F. Oceania Rugby’s Wayne Schuster said preparations are on track and alternative plans are in place if needed. If the match is cancelled, Tonga would be awarded the trophy. The winner qualifies for the World Rugby Under-20 Trophy in Spain. Samoa’s captain, East Timor Xanana Viliamu, said the team is prepared for Tonga’s physicality, having practised against local teams using Tonga’s style. “It’s an honour to lead the team,” Viliamu said.

Pacific Central Bankers and Alliance for Financial Inclusion meet in Tonga

Six Pacific central banks are meeting in Nukuʻalofa, Tonga, this week to discuss how financial inclusion can boost economic resilience and social equity. Prime Minister Hon. ‘Aisake Eke opened the meeting on 3 June 2025, hosted by the Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI), with over 70 participants from Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, and Tonga, plus guest delegates from Seychelles and Kenya. Topics include digital innovation, cross-sector collaboration, data governance, and the launch of Tonga’s Fintech Regulatory Sandbox. Tonga’s Reserve Bank Governor, Tatafu Moeaki, emphasised its role in fostering safe testing of digital financial solutions. On 6 June, PIRI governors will endorse the Nuku’alofa Pledge for inclusive and climate-resilient financial systems.

Seabased secures 10MW wave energy project in Tonga

Seabased has signed an MoU with Tonga and SIDS DOCK to build a 10MW wave energy plant offshore Tonga. The project will start with a 2MW phase, expected to save $2 million, displace 2 million litres of fuel, and power 2,800 homes. The second phase will add 8MW, saving up to $10.5 million and 42 million litres of fuel. The plant aims to meet half of Tonga’s energy needs and cut emissions by 20%. Tonga’s minister, Albert Vaea, emphasised the relief renewable energy could bring to high-cost island economies. Seabased CEO Laurent Albert highlighted additional benefits like desalination and green hydrogen production.

Vanuatu's Parliament has unanimously passed the Harmful Digital Communications (Amendment) Act of 2025, expanding its 2024 law to combat online abuse, impersonation, and pornography. Key updates include criminalising online impersonation and use of forged IDs for fraud, explicit ban on pornography, including creation, sharing, or hosting, protection for minors and that is exposing those under 16 to pornographic content now carries penalties of up to VT 2,000,000 or three years in prison, court powers to block adult sites and mandate takedowns of illegal content or fake accounts. The law introduces three new offences: digital impersonation using counterfeit IDs, distributing pornography, and exposing minors to explicit content. Companies enabling ID misuse may be fined up to VT 5,000,000.

Digicel Vanuatu commits to 99% mobile coverage under UAP

Digicel Vanuatu has signed its 5th Undertaking under the Universal Access Policy, aiming to extend mobile coverage to 99% of the population. Despite Vanuatu’s challenging geography—over 80 islands across 1,300 km—the telco reaffirmed its commitment to bridging the digital divide. 4G coverage stood at 90% by the end of 2023, according to ITU data. The expansion will also support access to MyCash mobile wallets, e-learning, e-health, and digital finance for remote communities. No timeline was specified. “This is a leap forward to ensuring access to the life-changing potential of mobile coverage,” said CEO Gary Sue-Fong.

Australia helping Vanuatu with museum collection upkeep

After the 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck Port Vila in December, staff at the National Museum of Vanuatu were devastated by the damage. "It was all a mess," said curator Kaitip Kami. Thirteen display cases were destroyed, and numerous artefacts—including ancient Lapita pottery—were lost. Housed in the Vanuatu Cultural Centre, the museum safeguards priceless cultural items, including ancestral remains, which survived the fall due to their placement on lower shelves. Under Ni-Vanuatu custom, only the original tribes may repair damaged artefacts. "You have to have the right," said Kami, noting plans to bring in community members from affected islands once funding allows.

Vanuatu, GGGI strengthen climate resilience partnership

The Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) has renewed its commitment to climate action in Vanuatu following a high-level meeting with Climate Minister Ralph Regenvanu. Leaders discussed strengthening collaboration on resilience, adaptation, and sustainable development. GGGI praised Vanuatu’s climate leadership and green progress, including installing 37 solar water pumps across 36 rural communities, aiding over 20,000 people. The institute has also helped shape Vanuatu’s Loss and Damage Policy, adaptation plans, and green investments in energy and forestry. GGGI reaffirmed its support for locally led climate solutions, calling Vanuatu one of its most successful programmes.

Vanuatu has a new island destination

Coming in early 2027, Royal Caribbean will unveil Lelepa , a new private island destination in Vanuatu—the first of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere. Unlike the theme-park style of Coco Cay, Lelepa will offer a locally inspired, culturally immersive experience with serene beaches, nature trails, and water activities. Designed in partnership with local communities, everything from the layout to the use of locally grown produce reflects Vanuatu’s culture and environment. “With crystal clear waters and stunning beauty, Lelepa will be the perfect addition to South Pacific holidays,” said Gavin Smith, Royal Caribbean VP for Australia and New Zealand.

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese described the move as the "right thing to do," even if enforcement challenges remain. 

Melbourne residents shared varied perspectives on the issue. Abbie Cubbon, 25, said the law has “the right intentions,” adding that social media exposes young users to content that may not be appropriate for developing minds. 

Arthur McCormack, 19, echoed these sentiments, recalling how some of the content he encountered online was “traumatic.”

While supportive of the ban, he questioned its feasibility: “I’m not sure how really it will be carried out.” 

Other residents were more critical. Luke Rushbrook-Stock, 24, highlighted concerns about the practicalities of enforcement and potential privacy issues. “It might mean a lot of older Australians are going to have to provide ID to these digital companies,” he warned. 

Meanwhile, Emily Beall, 41, doubted the law’s effectiveness, saying, “I don’t think there’s a way really even to police it. Like, I don’t think it will actually change a lot.” 

Social media companies and advocacy groups have also weighed in. Industry giants criticised the legislation as rushed and ambiguous, with many questions left unanswered. UNICEF Australia cautioned that the ban might push children into less regulated and potentially more harmful online spaces. 

Social media firms that fail to comply face penalties of up to AUD 50 million (USD 32.5 million). 

Vanuatu's Speaker of Parliament, Seoule Simeon, is set to appear in the Supreme Court on 19 November for a plea hearing concerning theft allegations linked to a government vehicle. The Magistrate Court has expressed satisfaction with the prosecution's investigation, thus committing the case onward to the Supreme Court. Simeon faces accusations of unlawfully diverting a government vehicle to Epi, an act deemed theft per the Penal Code. Notably, key witness Stanley John Fred has requested indemnity, suggesting he may provide vital testimony against Simeon, as reported by Post Courier . The allegations date back to the period between 2018 and 2020, and the outcome of the upcoming plea hearing is expected to significantly influence future legal proceedings in this matter.

Economic crisis

Vanuatu is grappling with a burgeoning economic crisis, as underscored by various recent analyses showing dramatic falls in essential economic metrics. Specifically, Value Added Tax (VAT) revenues have declined by 25% year-on-year, following the liquidation of Air Vanuatu. Additionally, government revenue recorded a shortfall of 23% from January to June, compounded by worries over diminishing funds from the Citizenship By Investment programme. According to The National , the World Bank’s forecasts indicate that the economy is approximately 3% smaller than it was in 2019, with per capita GDP plummeting to levels not seen in the last two decades. Looking ahead, projections remain bleak, with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimating only 2% annual economic growth until 2044, a rate insufficient to elevate living standards in light of population growth and imminent climate challenges.

Labour policy

In response to widespread issues faced by seasonal workers, including family disruptions, labour exploitation, and brain drain, the Vanuatu Government has unveiled its revised Labour Mobility Policy for 2024-2027. This policy is constructed upon five strategic pillars: 1. Legislative and Institutional Reform aimed at enhancing worker protection; 2. Improved data collection and coordination for insightful decision-making; 3. Strategies to support labour mobility management and facilitate returning workers' reintegration; 4. Child-centric social protection systems for families impacted by mobility; and 5. Enhanced worker welfare and benefits. As reported by Post Courier , Deputy Prime Minister Matai Seremaiah has stressed the necessity of building an environment conducive for returning workers to invest their skills locally, signifying the relevance of a Reintegration Strategy to foster sustainable economic growth.

Tourism boom

Vanuatu, an idyllic archipelago in the South Pacific, is undergoing a boom in its travel sector, spurred by a visa-free policy allowing entry for travellers from 117 nations, including significant markets like Australia, China, the UAE, the UK, and the US. This initiative simplifies access to the nation’s magnificent natural landscapes and rich cultural heritage. In 2022, Vanuatu welcomed nearly 39,000 visitors, contributing over $105 million to its tourism revenue. The country’s economy is heavily predicated on tourism, in addition to agriculture, fishing, and offshore financial services, Travel and Tour World reports. With crucial airports such as Bauerfield International and Santo International, Vanuatu maintains robust connections to regional destinations. Tourist attractions are plentiful, including the stunning Nanda Blue Hole, Champagne Beach, and the active Mount Yasur volcano.

2031 pacific games

In a stark warning, Antoine Boudier, President of Vanuatu's National Olympic Committee and Chair of the Vanuatu Chamber of Commerce, cautioned that the prospect of hosting the 2031 Pacific Games could lead Vanuatu into financial distress. He has advised the government to retract its bid in light of the nation’s precarious economic situation. Government officials took a month to deliberate on his strong caution, but ultimately, Boudier announced the withdrawal from the bid on the day of the vote in Palau, reports ABC .

The agriculture sector in Papua New Guinea is seeing increased demand for fresh onions, with prices rising to K150 ($38.32) per net. Local farmers are meeting the demand, despite challenges from weather and competition with imported onions. Chimbu Province leads in onion supply, and farmers are working to improve their product quality. The labour-intensive cultivation process is, however, required for the growth and maturity of onions over a four to five-month period, Fresh Plaza reports.

Pope Francis to visit Papua New Guinea

Most Reverend Otto Separy, President of the Catholic Bishop Conference (CBC) and Bishop of Bereina has announced that Pope Francis will be making a State Visit to Papua New Guinea from September 6 to 9, 2024, PNG National Information Centre confirms. “On the 12th of April 2024, the confirmation was made that the Pope is set to visit Papua New Guinea on the 6th – 9th of September, 2024,” stated Bishop Separy. “As PNG is a Christian country, the Pope’s visit is also spiritual. It’s not only for the Catholics, it’s for all Christians.”

Arau Project begins in Papua New Guinea

According to Stock Titan , Great Pacific Gold Corp. (GPAC) has begun drilling at its Arau Project in Papua New Guinea. The company has completed road rehabilitation and constructed nine drill pads. A reverse circulation (RC) drill rig has been mobilized to the site, marking GPAC's first drilling on its PNG projects. Concurrently, GPAC is preparing the Kesar Creek Project for a drilling program, with an ongoing phase 2 soil program nearing completion. The company has also started road rehabilitation work at the formerly producing Wild Dog Project in East New Britain Province. The Arau Project includes the Mt. Victor Prospect, where previous drilling identified a multi-phase intrusion complex hosting copper and gold mineralisation.

Papua New Guinea landslide tragedy survivors sleep on mass graves

Survivors of a devastating landslide in Papua New Guinea's Enga Province are still sleeping on the mass grave of their loved ones. Almost two months after the disaster, there is still no proper relocation plan for the victims and the main access road remains closed, leaving thousands in need of food and supplies. The community is calling for urgent assistance from the government and relief agencies, RNZ reports.

Earthquake at Wewak

A magnitude 5.2 earthquake near Wewak, East Sepik, Papua New Guinea, was reported just 9 minutes ago by Indonesia's Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency, the primary national agency monitoring seismic activity in this region. The earthquake occurred at a shallow depth of 10 km beneath the epicentre in the early afternoon on Friday, July 19th, 2024, at 2:51 pm local time. According to Volcano Discovery , the exact magnitude, epicentre, and depth of the quake may be revised in the coming hours or minutes as seismologists review data and refine their calculations, or as other agencies release their reports.

What they said

A part of the White House statement shared by Reuters stated that "The delegation presented a number of new initiatives responsive to Papua New Guinea's most pressing development and security priorities, advancing this critical Pacific partnership."

The Tonga Geological Services has reported a decline in the Volcanic Radiative Power (VRP) of the Home Reef volcano, based on observations from the MODIS-MIROVA satellite system, as of today, June 24. The volcanic activity currently presents a minimal threat to the communities of Vava’u and Ha’apai, reports MTO . However, mariners are advised to heed the ongoing hazard warning in the vicinity. "The Home Reef Volcano monitoring continues due to ongoing volcanic activities being detected. In the past sixteen (16) hours since the last Public Notice, VOLCAT has detected a total of five (5) thermal anomalies with the most recent thermal anomaly observed at 8:06 AM this morning (Figure 1)," TGS stated. “The latest satellite image from MODIS-MIROVA shows a decrease in the Volcanic Radiative Power (VRP) value with a non-numeric reading displayed (Figure 2) compared to the values recorded on the previous public notice.”

Budget discussions

The parliamentary budget discussions are ongoing, with the Legislative House of Tonga working diligently to approve the Government's financial projections for 2024-25 before the June 30 deadline. The Whole House Committee has approved preliminary budget figures for seven government ministries, including the Legislative Assembly's Office, after a week-long intensive review of the budget statement. MTO reports that the ministries that have cleared their budget drafts include the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Auditor General’s Office, the Ombudsman Office, the Anti-Corruption Commissioner’s Office, His Majesty’s Armed Forces, the Prime Minister’s Office, the Palace Office, and the Office of the Legislative Assembly. Deliberations continue on June 24 as Parliament tackles the budget for the Ministry of Finance, marked as Vote number 8. A special session was held on June 21 to expedite the budgetary process.

Lack of staff in Tonga's prisons

There are growing worries over the insufficient staffing levels at Tonga's correctional facilities, which have come under scrutiny after a violent assault on a psychiatric nurse on June 8th. Tragically, the nurse succumbed to his injuries and passed away in the hospital on June 16th. This information was provided by RNZ Pacific's Tonga correspondent, Kalafi Moala, in a conversation with Koroi Hawkins of RNZ Pacific.

$32m undersea cable project

The "Tonga Hawaiki Branch System," a new international submarine communication cable for Tonga, will benefit from a joint investment of USD$32 million by Australia and New Zealand. The implementation of this project is anticipated by the end of 2025. The collaborative funding initiative was revealed in Nuku'alofa on Friday, June 21, by the Prime Minister Hon. Hu’akavameiliku alongside the High Commissioners of Australia and New Zealand, reports MTO .

First national standardisation roadmap

The Minister for Trade & Economic Development, Hon. Dr. Viliami Uasike Latu, unveiled the inaugural National Standardisation Roadmap for Tonga and his ministry on Wednesday, June 19, at the Liku’alofa Centre in Tofoa. According to MTO , this strategic plan is set to establish quality benchmarks for Tonga's development, in collaboration with Pacer Plus and Standards Australia.

In Vanuatu's inaugural referendum, the electorate affirmed two constitutional amendments designed to stabilize the nation's volatile political landscape. The government's objective is to halt the practice of party-switching and compel independent politicians to affiliate with established parties, with the populace casting the decisive vote. This comes on the heels of numerous no-confidence motions and a trio of governmental turnovers in 2023. Article 17A garnered the approval of 59.28 percent of the voters, which equates to 53,809 individuals. This provision mandates the automatic relinquishment of a parliamentary seat by members who resign or are dismissed due to withdrawing their support from a political party, reports Scoop .

Teachers end strike

Schools in Vanuatu have resumed classes following the suspension of a countrywide teachers' strike. The strike was called off after the Vanuatu Teacher’s Union settled with the government. The protest, which saw over 1,000 educators, predominantly from state schools, abandon their posts, was sparked by postponed payments of dues, according to ABC . Johnathan Yona, the Secretary General of the Vanuatu Teachers Union, stated that the accord necessitates a governmental blueprint for the disbursement of these entitlements. "Within 14 days, the Government will plan when and how much to pay the outstanding claims," said Mr Yona. "I hope the message is clear to the government...worker's rights are very important and should be considered whenever Government implements policy."

Chinese disguised as Vanuatuan arrested

Vigilant immigration officials at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) apprehended a man suspected of being a Chinese national impersonating a Vanuatuan during the past weekend, just as he was about to embark on a Thai Airways journey to Bangkok. The individual, identified by Immigration Commissioner Norman Tansingco on Sunday as 43-year-old Alex Cooper, a Vanuatu passport holder, has been taken into custody. As reported by The Manila Times , Cooper is currently held at the Bureau of Immigration (BI) detention centre in Taguig City, facing an investigation over his dubious identity, which could lead to his deportation.

Grounded carrier Air Vanuatu eyes potential investors for revival

The appointed liquidators representing the now-defunct airline Air Vanuatu have disclosed that multiple parties have shown interest in acquiring the airline. On May 9, 2024, Air Vanuatu ceased operations, grounding its aircraft and nullifying all scheduled flights, while designating the advisory company EY to manage its liquidation. The abrupt halt in Air Vanuatu's operations resulted in numerous travellers from Australia and New Zealand being marooned in the South Pacific, necessitating the arrangement of alternate flights with different carriers in the vicinity, reports Aerotime Hub . “We have received interest from a range of parties seeking to resume Air Vanuatu’s operations,” says Morgan Kelly, Partner in Strategy & Transactions at EY. “We’re reviewing these offers and will be working toward a resolution as soon as possible.”

Citizenship controversy

The Citizenship Commission of Vanuatu has confirmed that an Australian businessman, despite his conviction, passed all required screenings before being awarded citizenship and a Vanuatu passport. Andrew Spira received his citizenship several months post his arrest on charges of fraud and narcotics in Australia, yet prior to his conviction. This incident has once again spotlighted the debate surrounding Vanuatu's citizenship-by-investment program. Moreover, it coincides with the European Commission's contemplation to revoke Vanuatu's visa exemption status within the EU, as ABC has reported. Allan Liki, the secretary general of Vanuatu's Citizenship Commission, stated that Spira underwent multiple vetting processes, including checks by INTERPOL and Vanuatu's Financial Intelligence Unit. "We received from Interpol at the Vanuatu police force, they have given an offence against Mr Spira but it was specifically on his passport, that his passport was either lost or stolen, which to us is not categorised as a criminal offence or any other activity as such," said Liki.

This style of travel, while more costly, provides a depth of comfort and convenience that enhances their journey.

Merchant Machine , a UK payment reference website have identified the biggest spenders in the world when travelling overseas based on statistics from the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) for 2022.

Here are the top five biggest overseas spenders in the world:

Merchant Machine's analysis utilised UNWTO data, examining the total outbound expenditure for 94 nations and dividing it by the total number of departures, reported as "overnight visitors" by some countries.

In 1980, there were 277 million international arrivals ; by 2019, that figure had risen to around 1.5 billion. However, the pandemic severely damaged international tourism, with 2.6 billion fewer international arrivals in 2020, 2021, and 2022 combined.

International visitor arrivals rebounded to 89% of pre-pandemic levels by the end of 2023, and to 97% of pre-pandemic levels by the first quarter of 2024. By the end of 2024, the UNWTO projects that international travel will fully recover.

While Latin America 's biggest overseas spenders are Brazilians, Moroccans also top the list in Africa .

Australia's Foreign Minister, Penny Wong, expressed a desire for strengthened relations with the Solomon Islands, emphasising the importance of a regional environment where decisions are made freely, without coercion. This statement comes as China dispatches its representative to Honiara for discussions with the newly elected Prime Minister Jeremiah Manele. Highlighting Australia's role as the principal development ally of the Solomon Islands, Wong noted that the recent visits by high-ranking Australian officials to meet with Manele underscore the commitment to fostering closer bonds. These remarks were made during her visit to Honiara on Thursday, June 6, as reported by Reuters . "We want a Pacific Islands region where all of us can make our own decisions, can exercise our sovereignty without fear, and where we can all grow and live together peacefully," she told reporters on a two-day visit, also pledging $3.4 million for infrastructure for 40 schools.

Electoral petitions

The High Court is currently reviewing twenty-eight electoral petitions that dispute the outcomes of the Solomon Islands' elections held in April. The nation marked a milestone on April 17 by holding its inaugural combined election for both provincial and national representatives. According to the deputy High Court registrar, two of the petitions contest the election of provincial members, while the remaining twenty-six target sitting Members of Parliament. This situation indicates that over half of the legislators in the 50-member parliament are facing challenges to their election, reports RNZ . Notably, several prominent government officials are among those whose election is under scrutiny in these petitions.

Illegal pet trade

The Solomon Islands in the Pacific have emerged as a significant hub in the international trade of live animals. An investigation by AFP has uncovered that collectors from abroad are acquiring rare and sometimes legally protected species from the islands. Evidence from conservationists, governmental records, and United Nations statistics reveals the export of indigenous lizards to the United States, the extraction of wild birds from lush rainforests for transport to the Middle East, and the capture of dolphins for Chinese marine parks. While the trade of certain wildlife is permissible under law, stringent regulations or outright prohibitions govern the sale of endangered species.

Investment in education

During her visit to the Solomon Islands, Australia's Foreign Minister, Senator Penny Wong, made a stop at Mbokona Community High School in Honiara to engage with the school's community and inaugurate a newly established science laboratory. This laboratory is a feature of Australia's SBD 29 million investment in educational infrastructure improvements, a collaborative effort with the Solomon Islands and New Zealand. According to Solomon Times , the event was commemorated with the presence of the Solomon Islands' Minister of Education and Human Resources Development, Hon Tozen Leokana, alongside Minister Wong. “Australia is Solomon Island’s largest education partner,” Minister Wong said.

Boosting jobs through support for TVET

Australia's Foreign Minister, Senator Penny Wong, has unveiled a grant for 494 scholarships aimed at providing Solomon Islanders with the necessary skills and qualifications for employment opportunities both domestically and internationally. This initiative is part of Australia's ongoing development collaboration with the Solomon Islands, which has facilitated the creation of over 14,700 jobs since 2021, including those generated through the Pacific Australia Labour Mobility (PALM) scheme. As reported by Solomon Times , the announcement was made in the esteemed company of the Solomon Islands' Minister of Foreign Affairs and External Trade, Hon Peter Shanel, and the Minister of Education and Human Resource Development, Hon Tozen Leokana.

The world's population as of April 20, 2024, stands at 8,005,176,000, according to the World Population Review .

Most populated countries in the world

India, with a population of over 1.43 billion and China with a population of over 1.42 remain the only countries with over a billion people. The United States is the third most populated nation in the world with over 341 million people.

In Africa, Nigeria remains the most populated nation with over 228 million residents. Other countries in the top ten include Indonesia (over 270 million), Pakistan (over 244 million), Brazil (over 217 million), Bangladesh (over 174 million), Russia (over 144 million), and Ethiopia (over 129 million).

Population by continent

Asia remains the most populated continent , home to 61.56% of the global population, followed by Africa with 18.68%. Meanwhile, Europe (9.26%) North America (7.6%), South America (5.53%), and Oceania (0.58%) collectively account for the remaining portion.

The majority of the countries in the world have populations of fewer than 100 million people. Vatican City holds the record for the smallest population and total area, with just over 500 residents, according to the World Population Review.

The koala faces the ominous prediction of becoming extinct in the wild in New South Wales by 2050, with major threats including wildfires, habitat loss through logging, and land clearing for development. It has already been declared endangered in several states.

A 2022 government report revealed that Australia has lost more mammal species than any other continent.

Established in 2019, Bangalow Koalas has planted over 336,000 trees on 119 properties, contributing significantly to koala conservation and enhancing the local ecosystem. The group, relying on community volunteers, aims to plant 500,000 trees by 2025.

A recent report by the Australian Koala Foundation stated that the iconic marsupial is estimated to contribute $3.2 billion annually to the tourism industry.

However, the World Wildlife Fund – Australia reported alarming declines in koala populations, with a 50% drop in Queensland and a 62% drop in New South Wales since 2001.