The data reveals some surprising global trends, with Uzbekistan leading the world at 773 ng/dl, followed closely by Croatia (752 ng/dl) and Cameroon (731 ng/dl).

Other countries in the top tier include Azerbaijan (694 ng/dl), Mongolia (693 ng/dl), and several African nations such as Ethiopia (671 ng/dl), D.R. Congo (668 ng/dl), and Nigeria (625 ng/dl).

The list also features Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Uganda, as well as European nations like the Netherlands, Serbia, Denmark, and Croatia, indicating that high testosterone levels are not confined to one region or continent.

According to the World Population Review , testosterone levels naturally vary across populations due to a mix of genetics, lifestyle, diet, climate, and overall health. Regions with higher physical activity levels, lower obesity rates, and diets rich in proteins and healthy fats often show stronger average testosterone profiles.

However, researchers note a worrying pattern: testosterone levels are declining globally. Studies summarised by Testosterone Decline Research show that average testosterone concentrations in men have dropped significantly over the past 30 years.

Factors like environmental toxins, stress, poor sleep, sedentary lifestyles, and processed diets are contributing to this decline.

This topic arrives amid global debates about men’s health, fertility, and ageing. As societies face longer work hours, increased digital stress, and declining physical activity, hormone health has become a key public health issue.

In countries like the United States and the United Kingdom, for instance, testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) prescriptions have surged, prompting both medical interest and ethical questions around hormone optimisation.

Meanwhile, some African and Central Asian nations that top the testosterone rankings are also experiencing rapid urbanisation and dietary change, factors that may alter these rankings in the future.